2012.12.22 英语四级真题试卷答案解析完整版(第一套)

2012.12全国大学英语四级考试全真试卷（兼全卷解析）

Part I Writing（30 minutes）

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education PaysYou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

标准版：

The above bar chart clearly shows us education pays in 2010. We see that one with higher education

background earns more money weekly than those with lower ones. For instance, the college students with no

degree get paid$712 per week whereas those with a Bachelor?s degree can earn $1038.

Several reasons, in my opinion, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. To begin with, compared

with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess

considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most

of all, resourceful social network, all of which are essential to a high-income work. Also, the higher one?s

education degree is, the bigger platform he will have to show his ability. For example, his college, university,

or research institute will organize various job fairs for them to communicate face to face with employers.

This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment. Therefore, substantial education investment should be strengthened while we, as college students, should study harder to build our country and strive for a better life for ourselves.

高分版：

Education Pays

Judging from the table, we can see that people?s income increases along with their education levels. Above all，the average college graduates earn much more than the typical high-school graduates.

The fact revealed by these data is obvious: a degree does bring distinctive financial benefits to its holders. But is it true that a degree alone can ensure a bright future? I don?t think so because, on the one hand, the financial value of high education depends heavily on what skills graduates can gain from it instead of the degree itself. After all, an employer only pays for your ability and performance, not for your certificate. On the other hand, the most valuable bless high education brings to graduates is the ability to learn quickly and efficiently. People received more education tend to keep lifelong learning habits after their graduation, which would help them gain more opportunities in their career path.

In conclusion, what accounts for education pays is not the degree alone, but the graduate?s ability and leaning habit.

【标准版点评】

这次四级作文出了图表题，可能让大家有些意外，但是四六级考察图表作文已经并不是第一次，早在2002年的时候就已经出现过，是图表+提纲的形式，图表反应的是大学生使用计算机的情况。由于备考时大家只是关注近几年的题型，可能没有关注到以往考察过图表作文。

我们在备考作文的时候，一般会从以下几个方面着手准备，如何描述现象、如何分析原因、如何分析

影响、如何给出解决措施、如何进行观点论战等。其实，图表作文也是从这几个方面展开，只是将第一段的描述现象改为描述图表即可。可见，无论是考察哪种作文题，我们都可以将它转化为我们熟悉的提纲式。

这次作文题目有两个版本。题目都是Educational Pays（教育回报），一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，收入越高，另一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，失业率越低。

虽然图表描述的具体内容不同，但主题是一致的：教育是值得投资的。写作思路也是一致的。

两篇范文都是采取三段式的描述方法。

第一段：描述图表。先一句话引出图表总体内容The above bar chart clearly shows us … 然后具体描述现象We see that…。最后用for instance引出一些具体数据来例证现象。

第二段：分析原因。先写一个引出原因的句子，然后具体列举一到两个原因即可。由于字数限制，原因不必列太多。

第三段：给出建议。先是总结这个现象This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment.（教育值得投资）。然后是建议国家增大教育投资，以及个人要努力学习。

这种三段式的写作模式容易掌握，在考场中比较实用，建议大家仿写。

【高分版点评】

本次四级作文围绕着同一个话题，education pay（教育回报），出现了两个版本，一个是教育和失业率的关系，另一个是教育和收入的关系。就话题而言，命题难度并不高，选用的是贴近考生实际生活的熟悉话题。形式上则采取图表作文的形式，图表作文在四级考试中较少出现，很多考生可能刚拿到题目会束手无策，但是只要考生仔细阅读题目，就不难发现，除了需要简单描述图表之外，其写作思路和话题作文非常类似。

写好这篇作文，主要抓住三点：

首先，描述图表内容。对于柱状图，抓住横抽和纵轴之间的关系，对数字的变化趋势进行总体描述即可。用词不宜超过总字数的1/3。

其次，要一句话揭示图表背后的隐含意思，引入文章的立意。

最后，文章的立意可以采取两种思路，保守的写法是直接阐释产生现象的原因，如写失业率那篇范文；另一个则是，根据图表上的结果，借题发挥，发表自己的观点，如写收入的那篇范文。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

1. B showmanship

细节题。这道题的答案对应原文第一句话，从putting on a show 可以推出showmanship。

when it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs.题干与原文的匹配度比较高，仔细阅读不难得出选择是B

2. A He invented lots of functional gadgets.

细节题。原文第2段第2句话提到了乔布斯突出的三个方面，第三句话明确指出最后一个方面，也就是他在functional gadgets 上的贡献对人们的生活影响最大，对比第二题的选项，应选A

He stood out in three ways—as a technologist, as a corporate leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live.

3. B His keen interest in designing elegant and user-friendly gadgets.

细节题。答案在第三段第二句，“obsessed with product design and aesthetics, and with making advanced technology simple to use”。讲到乔布斯痴迷于产品的设计和美学上，以及使高科技简单易用。所以选B As a technologist, Mr Jobs was different because he was not an engineer—and that was his great strength. Instead he was obsessed with product design and aesthetics, and with making advanced technology simple to use.

4. A One of the greatest chief executives of his time.

细节题。答案在第4段第一句话的后半句“many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief execut ives of his time.”所以选A，其他的选项均不正确。

Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy, permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time.

5. D an inspiration

细节题。答案在第四段第三句话。“is an inspiration to any businessperson”。所以选D

His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse.…

6. C He commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users.

细节题。由关键词fanatical loyalty 定位到低段第一句话。所以乔布斯成功最令人震惊的地方在于它获得了苹果用户的绝对忠诚。选C

But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the fanatical loyalty he managed to inspire in customers.

7. D It originates in the consumer market.

细节题。由关键词special report定位到第6段第一句，

As our special report in this week's issue (printed before Mr Jobs's death) explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people's homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gizmos and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies' systems.过去创新

是从部队和公司实验室再拓展到消费者市场，现在的情况是反过来。所以选D

8. closed and inflexible

细节题。由关键词“critics complained”定位到第七段第一句，可知空格处应填写“closed and inflexible”。Mr Jobs had a reputation as a control freak, and his critics complained that the products and systems he

designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use.

9. combined

细节题，由关键词“Amazon”定位到原文第8段，所以空格处填combined。

At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing the best job of following Apple's lead in combining hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle,

10. reshaping entire industries

细节题，由关键词the magic of computing定位到原文最后一段，空格处填reshaping entire industries. But in the end he conjured up a reality of his own, channelling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries.

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11.

W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom. M: Why don?t we walk over there and see for our selves?

Q: What will the speakers probably do?

答案：C. Go to the park to enjoy the flowers.

点评：对话中女士介绍了一处漂亮的公园，从男士的回答“为什么不去看看呢？”可以判断，接下去两人可能会去这个公园。see for 看见

12.

M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hope to see you there. W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o?clock tomorrow. Q: What do we learn about the woman?

答案：C. She cannot attend the presentation.

点评：从对话中可知，女士九点要去看牙医，无法参加男士的讲座了。

13.

W: How long have you been running this company?

M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operation to what it is today.

Q: What do we learn about the man?

答案：B. He is a very successful businessman.

点评：从对话中可知，男士经营这家公司20年了，而且成功把公司从一家小公司发展到了现在较大的规模。run v. 经营，管理

14.

M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year.

W: I knew she would from the very beginning. Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it. Q: What does the woman mean?

答案：D. She has every confidence in Susan.

点评：从对话中可知，女士一直很看好Susan, 觉得她肯定能拿到奖学金。sb. deserves it. 某人应得的。

15.

W: Taking a bus to Miami, it?s cheaper than going by train.

M: That?s true. But I?d rather pay a little more for the added comfort and convenience.

Q: What does the man mean?

答案：D. It is worth the money taking a train to Miami.

点评：从对话中可知，坐车去迈阿密比火车便宜，但火车更舒适便捷。

16.

M: I think it?s time we got rid of all this old furniture.

W: You?re right. We need to promote our image besides it?s not a real antique.

Q: What do the speakers mean?

答案：C. The old furniture should be replaced.

点评：从对话中可知，男士和女士都认为应该把旧家具换掉，以改善形象。对话中有些生词，但不影

响对主要含义的把握，可以忽略。

get rid of 处理掉

17.

M: That was some storm yesterday. How was I afraid I couldn?t make it home.

W: Yeah, most of the roads to my house were flooded. I didn?t get home from the lab until m idnight.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

答案：B. The man got home late due to the storm.

点评：从对话中可知，昨天有暴风雨，女士担心自己回不了家，男士直到半夜才回家。

18.

W: My boys are always complaining that they?re bored.

M: Why don?t you get them into some team sports? My son and daughter play soccer every Saturday. And they both look forward to it all week.

Q: What does the man mean?

答案：A. The woman?s sons might enjoy team sports.

点评：从对话中可知，男士建议女士可以让自己的儿子们参加一些团队运动，这样他们就不会觉得无聊了。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard

W: So John, I hear you and Arthur share a job, don?t you?

M: Yes. We?ve shared a sales job at Sonatechfor about two years now.

W: Well, how do you divide up your schedule?

M: You know we are both sales representatives, and we take orders over the phone. When we started job sharing it was difficult, because we both worked all day Monday. I worked Tuesday and Thursday and

Arthur worked Wednesday and Friday. The problem was that when I was in the office on Tuesday. I would talk to people, then they would call back on Wednesday with a question. But Arthur couldn?t answer the question and he couldn?t ask me about it because I wasn?t in the office. So he had to ask the people to call me back the next day, Thursday. Of course, they didn?t like to wait until the next day to have their questions answered.

W: Yes, that sounds like a problem.

M: So, finally we decided that Arthur would work in the mornings and I would work in the afternoons. Now if someone calls with the question for me in the morning, Arthur tells them to call me in the afternoon. This way, people get their questions answered the same day.

W: What do you do about vacations?

M: Well,Sonatechgives the usual two weeks of vacation to full-time employees, I take a week and Arthur takes a week.

W: It sounds like job sharing has worked out well for you.

M: Yes, it has. We are both happy with it.

Q19. What do John and author do at Sonatech?

答案：C. Take orders over the phone.

Q20. What problem did John and Arthur have when they started job sharing?

答案：A. Customers? questions could not be answered on the same day.

Q21. What does John say about their annual vacation?

答案：D. They each take a week.

点评：

本长对话的内容主要是关于合伙工作。对话内容相较以往的长对话而言，比较简单。依然是主要针对回答问题的人提问，就是对话中的男士。男士一开始主要是谈他们在最初开始合作工作时遇到的问题，接下来谈到问题最终如何得到解决，最后是他和同伴如何轮休年假。当然，对话中公司名称听不懂，形成干扰。依然要强调的是不能纠结个别词汇，而因小失大。

对话中围绕工作的话题词汇有：schedule：（工作）计划，安排；sales representative：销售代表；vacation：假期，休假；full-time employee：全职员工。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard

W: May I see your license, please?

M: But officer, did I do something wrong?

W: Do you mean to say you didn?t see the speed limit sign back there?

M: Um, no, madam, I gu ess I didn?t.

W: In other words, you drove by too fast to read it. The sign says 35m/h. A school is just nearby, you know?

M: Don?t get me wrong, but my speedometer didn?t read much faster than that.

W: Then, why is it that my radar showed you are going 45? Let me put it another way. I?m going to give you a ticket. Again, may I see your license, please?

M: Here it is, officer. But let me explain. I was late for an important appointment and I was worried that I wouldn?t make it on time. So...

W: Uha, ju st a minute, here. Your license is no longer valid. You should have renewed it two weeks ago. I?m going to have to write you up for that, too.

M: What? Really?

W: Your license becomes invalid on your birthday and that was two weeks ago according to the date here. You are in violation of the law—driving without a valid license.

M: I?m sorry, madam. I hadn?t realized that.

W: Here?s the ticket for not having a valid license. But I?m only going to give you a warning about exceeding the speed limit. Be careful next time.

M: Yes, madam, officer, I will. Thank you.

Q22. Where was the man stopped by the police officer?

答案：B. Near a school.

Q23. What did the man claim about the speed limit sign?

答案：A. He did not notice it.

Q24. What did the woman say about t he man?s driving license?

答案：C. It is no longer valid.

Q25. What was the man?s penalty?

答案：B. He got a ticket.

点评：

本长对话主要是关于超速被罚。本对话中涉及到较多交通词汇，有一定难度。对话一开始女士作为交

警在学校附近逼停超出该路段限速的男士，但男士狡辩自己的速度计（speedometer）并没显示超速；女士再次提出要求审查男士的驾照，发现其驾照已经过期。最后，男士因驾照过期而收到警告。本选材非常生活化，相信大部分考生应该对这一话题并不陌生，通过日常常识也能做出不少判断。

本对话中关于交通话题的词汇：speed limit：限速；give you a ticket：开罚单；license：执照，驾照；speedometer：n. 速度计；里程计。

Section B

Passage 1

Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buy something. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping card. One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items. Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don?t mind waiting while I go get it.” Five minutes later, he?s back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. Strange is that seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customers will wait until I announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says, “Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she?s forgotten hers. But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that?s something I can?t afford to forget.

Q26. What does the speaker say about customers? entering the grocery store?

答案：A. They behave as if their memories have failed totally.

Q27. Which customers are supposed to be in the express line?

答案： D. Those with 15 items or less.

Q28. What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter?

答案：B. Go back and pick up more items.

Q29. What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk?

答案： A. It requires tolerance.

点评：本篇短文主要讲述了作者在一家杂货店兼职工作的经历和感受，并深刻地体会到顾客不仅仅是来商店买东西的人。作者认为，当顾客推起一辆购物车时，所有的事情就抛之脑后了。他们不会算计一件商品值多少钱，他们忘了自己来商店要买什么，他们甚至忘记要为商品付钱，他们不知道东西买够没有就去收银台排队结账，当收银员开始扫顾客的商品时，顾客又会跑回去拿很多商品回来，更需要收银员提醒付钱，但这都是作者作为收银员所应忍受的，因为“顾客是上帝”，这是作者不敢忘记也是从这次经历中学到的事情。

这篇文章基本上没有生僻的词汇，以叙述为主。但是其中有几个短语需要关注：grocery store意为“杂货店”；ring up意为“用收银机记录收入的钱，收银机扫条形码”；credit card意为“信用卡”。理解了这些词，对听力的整体理解会有提升。

Passage 2

The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal.Speakers of these cultures often read oral presentations from carefully retain manual scripts. On the other hand, American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers and other cultures. American audiences prefernatural, spontaneous delivery that conveys a lively sense of communication. They don?t relay well to speakers who read from a manual script. If you use an outline of your ideas instead of a prepare text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention. The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language in style you use when writing. Well retain information, that is meant to be read, does not work aswell when it is heard. It is, therefore, important for you to adapt retain texts or outlines for presentations. Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing. They also use their own words and develop their own speaking styles. Whenever possible, they use short words. Listeners are

appreciated when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation. One advantage is that it is much easier for speakers to pronounce short words correctly. Another is that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.

Question 30 to 32

30. What does the speaker say American audiences prefer?

答案：D. A natural and spontaneous style of speech.

31. What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation?

答案： B. Differences in style between writing and speaking.

32. What does the speaker focus on in the talk?

答案：A. The key to becoming a good speaker.

点评：本篇文章重点分析了成为一名优秀的演讲者的关键因素。欧洲人和亚洲人的演讲风格往往是趋于比较正式的，而美国人的演讲风格是自然、自发、生动地传递表达信息，这也正是听众所喜欢的方式。同时，做口头报告时应注意写作和口语所要求的风格差异，有了这样的认识后，你才能在今后的演讲中运用简短贴近生活的言语表达自己的想法，形成自己的演讲风格，成为一名优秀的演讲者。

这篇文章相对简单，没有出现太难的生词，较容易理解。整个内容就围绕一个主题展开，清晰明了，只要能抓住此主题线索，整篇文章的结构就一目了然了。

Passage 3

A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people?s. In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make

the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on the expert. We should let him do it himself. Let him figure out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that.

If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that they can?t find the way to get the right answer.

Question 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q33 How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker?

答案：D. By comparing his performance with others.

Q34 What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker?

答案：C. Children cannot detect their own mistakes.

Q35 What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching?

答案：A. It is unhelpful to students? learning.

点评：

本篇文章主要论述要让孩子们学着自己判断事情。目前的教学方法对学生学习没有什么帮助作用，老师认为学生不能发现他们自己身上的错误，孩子习得一件事情是通过把自己的行为和其他人的行为作对比而来的，而这就逐渐让孩子们失去了自己，变成了其他人，从而慢慢产生依赖感。文章结尾暗示作者对这种教学方法是不赞成的，同时，提出老师的工作是应该帮助孩子们找到正确答案的方法，而不是什么都为他们做好安排好。

Section C

Time is, for the average American, of utmost importance. To the foreign visitor, Americans seem to be more concerned with getting things accomplished on time (according to a predetermined schedule) than they are with developing deep interpersonal relations. Schedules, for the American, are meant to be planned and then followed in the smallest detail.

It may seem to you that most Americans are completely controlled by the little machines they wear on their wrists, cutting their discussions off abruptly to make it to their next appointment on time.

Americans? language is filled with references to time, giving a clear indication of how much it is valued. Time is something to be “on,” to be “kept,” “filled,” “saved,” “wasted,” “gained,” “planned,” “given,” “made the most of,” even “killed.”

The international visitor soon learns that it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America.

Time is so valued in America, because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve more than if one “wastes” time and doesn?t keep busy. This philosophy has proven its worth. It has enabled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America. Many American proverbs stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely, and setting and working toward specific goals. Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.

答案：

36. foreign

37. accomplished

38. interpersonal

39. detail.

40. controlled

41. abruptly

42. references

43. indication

44. it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America.

45. It has enabled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America.

46. Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.

原文出处：https://www.360docs.net/doc/497332262.html,/ ... merican_values.html

【点评】本文讨论的是美国人的时间观念。开头提出美国人非常看重时间规划，以至于到了被认为“手表控制人”的地步，接下来从语言角度给出证明，最后又从原因角度解释说明。

本文的难点在于，开头有长难句，包含插入语、比较级等，容易造成困扰。而在语言角度探讨时，有给出一系列动词，容易出现漏听及注意力分散。同时，utmost, abruptly, reference, philosophy, productivity 等较难词汇也会带来一定困扰。

空格整体分布较为均匀，除第三段两空间隔较近，第二个容易错过外，其它空填写时间均较为充足。所填词语格式比较重要，如-ed，-s等均是不可漏过的细节。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36) ______ of food available. They have a broader (37) ______ of nutrition (营养), so they buy more fresh fruit and (38) _______ than ever before. At the same time, Americans (39)______ increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.

Statistics show that the way people live (40) ______ the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, (41) ______ parents and

children, and double-income families. These changing lifestyles are (42) ______ for the increasing number of people who must (43) ______ meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. (44) ______________ _______________________________________. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average.

It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. (45) _____________ ________________________________________________________. This information not only tells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. (46) __

___________________________________________________________. Instead, chicken, turkey and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But 47 a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖症).

Burger King, the nation?s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French fries and soda in its kids? meals starting this month, although they will still be 50. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before ass embling the meals.“We?re asking the customers to 52 what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain?s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny?s, Chili?s, Friendly?s and Chevy?s.

As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced 54 Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children?s meal that has fewer than 600 calories(卡路里), no soft drinks and at least two 55 from the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements,

47. N taking

48. D concern

49. M stop

50. B available

51. I prefer

52. L specify

53. O variety

54. G nationwide

55. F items

56. E criteria

这是一篇新闻报道类的文章，关于美国一些著名餐饮公司开始意识到快餐对对其青少年健康的不良影响，并开始采取相应措施改变这一现状。这是美国最近的热门话题，沪江经济学人新闻听写12月16日的的听写内容关于麦当劳的一篇文章与之就是类似的主题。对于考生来说这一话题也并不陌生，从内容上来还是比较容易理解的。

47.N take a cue from 固定搭配，表示按…的指点行事。

48.D 在快餐在儿童中引起肥胖症的现象受到越来越多关注的背景之下，19家公司宣誓将为儿童提供更多健康的菜单选择，结合上下文可知空格处应填concern

49.M 因为上一段刚刚提到快餐引起儿童肥胖的问题获得了越来越多的重视，第2段顺承上面的内容，讲到汉堡王采取的相应措施：将从本月起停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水.所以填stop 。

50前面说了将停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水，根据although知道内容上应该是一个转折，所以后面应该是still available，仍然可以买得到。

51. 这句话涉及到一个比较，whether...or, 选项中只有prefer一个课用于比较，所以空格处填prefer.

52. 这是紧接着上一句的，上面刚刚讲到问顾客是选择套餐时是更喜欢选牛奶还是苹果片，这是一种将顾客的需求具体化，所以填specify。

53. a variety of 固定搭配，各种各样的。在这句话中是指其他参与将为美国儿童提供更健康的事物的快餐店，也提供各种各样的菜单选择。

54. 结合上下文可知，(Kid Live Well)“让孩子们生活的更好”运动应该是全国范围内展开的一场大型运动，所以填nationwide。

55 通过第三段第一句话的后半句可以看出，儿童的每顿饭中要包含冒号之后部分的食物中的至少两项，所以55空填item ，指的是后面的选项。

56. 前面提到的食物都是低脂、第卡路里的健康食物，最后一句中提到在其他的要求中，餐馆提供的附加菜必须满足同样的要求, 所以填criteria

Section B

As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn?t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That?s bad for the economy, of course. And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now. But it actually shouldn?t matter to you nearly as much as you think.

That?s because job growth numbers don?t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations, and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does. Even in June of 2007, when the economy was still humming along, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!

And as it turns out, even today — with job growth near zero — over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month.

I don?t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn?t have an impact on one?s ability to land a job. It?s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from (and compete for). And it?s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening,regardless of whether it?s a new one or not.

But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don?t is their ability to stay motivated. They?re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and h ow to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn?t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.