Cloning Debate克隆的辩论

Cloning Debate

克隆的辩论

[A] Let’s pretend it’s the year 2025,and you ‘ve just been diagnosed with HIV virus(病毒).No problem .Doctors can simply take out a white blood cell from your body ,produce hundreds more exactly like it ,and rid you of HIV. A cure for HIV? It seem too good to be true. Yet scientists say may be possible with the process of cloning.让我们假设这年是 2025 年，而且你刚刚已经被诊断为艾滋病毒 virus(病毒)携带者。没关系。医生能轻松地从你身体里取出一个白细胞，然后制造出数以百计的和这个白细胞非常像的细胞，以使你摆脱艾滋病。艾滋病的治愈？这好像看起来太过美好而无法实现。但是科学家们说克隆的进展使得这有了可能。

[B] Cloning humans may should like a process out of science fiction, but in fact it is a reality. In 1996,a group of scientists in Scotland cloned Dolly the sheep, and recently, a pig was duplicated(复制) in Scotland.克隆人类可能应该像是科幻小说的一个过程，但事实上这是一个现实。在1996年，一组科学家在苏格兰成功克隆了多利羊，而最近，在苏格兰一头猪也成功被复制。

SHOULD WE CLONE HUMANES? 我们该不该克隆人类？

[C] Some scientists say it is only a matter of time before humans are cloned.But human cloning makes many people nervous. Is it right to clone human? Most say absolutely not; a few say there are positive benefits. Others fall somewhere in between—they believe that cloning whole people is immoral, but do see advantages of cloning human organs, such as the heart or the lungs.

一些科学家说克隆人类的出现只是时间问题。但是克隆人类使得许多人产生了不安的情绪。克隆人类真的是正确的吗？大多数人认为当然不是。但也有一些人认为了克隆人类有有益的地方。还有人的态度出于两者之间，他们相信克隆完整的人是不道德的，但是我们应当看到克隆人类器官的好处，例如心脏，肺部。

[D] Cloning human organs could save lives. If a person clones her heart at the age of 18, by the time she is 40, her clone heart will be fully grown. Then , if that person needed a heart transplant later on in life, she would have a fully grown “spare” heart that would function perfectly with her own body. This process could save people who would otherwise die of heart disease.

克隆人类器官能够拯救生命。如果一个人在她18岁的时候克隆了她的心脏，那么等到她40岁的时候，她的克隆心脏将会发育完全。那时，如果她在日后需要心脏移植，他将有一个完全发育的“备用”心脏去完美地适应她的身体。这一个过程可以拯救那些可能死于心脏病的人。

[E] Jennifer Chan ,16, a junior at the NEW YORK City Lab School, is completely in favor of this type of organ cloning. “I want to be a doctor, and cloning body organs will help save many

patients’ lives,” she said. “I think that cloning is an amazing medical breakthrough. And the process could stop at cloning organs—if we’re responsible, it doesn’t have to go any further.”在纽约城实验室学校上初中的16岁的詹妮弗·陈完全支持这种类型的器官克隆。“我想要成为一名医生，器官克隆将会拯救很多人的生命，”她说。“我想，克隆将会是一个惊人的医学的突破。而且克隆过程可以停止在克隆器官——如果我们负责任，完全没有必要去更进一步。”

IT ‘S S CARY吓人的克隆

[F] But what about going further? Can cloning possibly stop only at organs? Rhonda Ahmis,17, from Bronx High School of Science, worries that science won’t stop there. “what if after clone human organs, scientists decide to take it further and actually clone human?” Rhonda said.

但是更进一步会怎么样呢？克隆能够只停留在克隆器官这一步吗？来自布朗克斯区科学高中的17岁的朗达Ahmis为此担心，科学并不会停止。“如果克隆人体器官之后，科学家们决定并采取实际行动进一步克隆人类怎么办呢？”朗达说道。

*G+ Cloning human is where the real controversy erupts. “I can see the advantage of cloning organs for medical purposes,” said Jessica Santiago ,14, a Lab School freshman. “But I just can’t im agine cloning humans. It’s disturbing.”真正的争议爆发在克隆人这一点上。“我能够看到克隆器官对医学目的实现的重要意义”，14岁的实验室学校新生杰西卡圣地亚哥说道。“我只是无法想象克隆人，这太令人不安了。”

[H] Cloning human being is indeed scary. Think about it : if you were cloned, there would be another you walking around the Earth. You would be able to watch yourself grow —a human who look precisely like you, but wasn’t you. It’s almost like bring your mirror image to life.克隆人来的确非常可怕。试想一下：如果你被克隆了，将会有另一个你行走在地球上。你将会看到自己一点点长大，这个人和你极为相似，但却不是你。这就像一直带着镜子去过你的生活。

[I] So far, the closest thing to cloning humans is identical twins, but they’re created naturally. Cloning is NOT natural. It’s like making an Xerox copy of yourself. Some people call cloning “playing God”—it’s making a duplication of a human. Sandra Rubin , 15 ,from Edward R.Murrow High School ,said she prefers the term “paying nature.” “I don’t believe in god , but I do feel that cloning goes against what is produced completely naturally,” Sandra said.到目前为止，最接近克隆人的是双胞胎，但是他们是自然地产生的。而克隆是不自然的。这就像做一个自己的复印件。一些人把克隆叫做“扮演上帝”，它使一个人被重复。来自爱德华R.Murrow高中的15岁的桑德拉·鲁宾说，她更喜欢“遵循自然”。“我不信上帝，但是我也认为克隆违背了自然的生命规律，”桑德拉说。

BEINGING A BABY BACK TO LIFE使宝宝重获生命

[J] The Human Cloning Foundation(HCF) believes cloning could help couples whose baby dies. With one cell from the dead baby ,cloning would theoretically allow them to re-create their

baby and raise her as if she had always been alive. This sounds bizarre and scary ,but maybe some parents would want to do it .Jessica Zhou ,16,from Lab School ,thinks it makes sense. ”if a parent loses a child ,it’s tragic . Their child lost its chance at life ,and cloning will give it another chance ,”she said. ”And it’s not like these couples are cloning irresponsibly .They just want their child back ,and that’s legitimate(合乎情理的).”人类克隆基金会认为克隆能够给与失去宝宝的夫妻帮助。从死去的宝宝身上提取一个细胞，克隆技术理论上能给与他们的宝宝新生，而且抚养她长大，就好像他们的宝宝一直都活着。这听起来很奇怪，很吓人，但也许有些父母会想这样做。来自实验学校的16岁的杰西卡·周，认为这很有意义。“如果父母失去了孩子，那是悲剧。他们的孩子失去了生活的可能，而克隆能给他另一个机会，“她说。“这并不是夫妇不负责任的克隆。他们只是想要孩子能回到他们身边，这是合乎情理的。”

[K] Cloning could also help us improve the genetics of human race. According to HCF, the average person carries eight defective(有缺陷的) genes inside her body, and those genes can make people seriously ill. “with human cloning and its technology, it may be possible to ensure that we no longer suffer because of our defective genes,” said the HCF spokeswoman.克隆也可以帮助我们改善人类种族的遗传。根据HCF，平均每人携带八个defective(有缺陷的) 基因在她的体内，这些基因可以使人病得很重。根据HCF，平均每人的体内携带八个有缺陷的基因，这些基因患很重的病。在克隆人和它的技术的帮助下，有可能确保，我们不再因缺陷的基因而遭受折磨，"HCF的发言人说。

UNNATURAL SOLUTIONS不自然的解决办法

[L] Yet many of the teenagers I talked to see more logic with anti-cloning arguments. Jamie Brown, 16, from LaGuardia HS,said she think cloning just goes against what was meant to happen. ”The definition of life is being born when nature thinks it’s right and dying when nature thinks it’s time,” Tamie said. “Cloning can definitely extend people’s lives, but I think there’s something to be said for dying naturally when God says your time is up. Besides, people die so that new people can take their place. It’s not natural to clone your heart so that you may live longer.”

还很多青少年我谈论的时候，提出了更有逻辑性的反克隆的意见。来自拉瓜迪亚机场HS的16岁的杰米·布朗说，她认为克隆只是在违背注定要发生的事情。“生命的定义就是：在自然认为是时候让她出生的时候而让她出生，在自然认为是时候让她死亡的时候而让她死亡”杰米说。"克隆可以延长人们的生命，但我认为，在上帝说你的时间已经到了而让你自然死亡这件事上还有继续讨论的空间。而且，只有人死了，新人才可以取代他们。克隆你的心脏来延长你的生命是不自然的。

[M] Would Jamie change her views if it were her own mother or father who needed a new heart—in order to live? “Obviously, if it were my mother, I’d do anything to prevent her death,”said Jamie. “If you bring in personal scenarios(可能出现的情况), you can’t really answer objectively(可观地). Generally, I say let nature take its course.” 如果是杰米的母亲或者父亲需要一个新的心脏来活下去，杰米会不会改变她的观点呢？“当然，如果是我的母亲的话，我将会做一切事情去阻止他们死掉，”杰米说。“如果你把自己出现的这种情况的可能考虑进来，那么你就不可能客观地去回答这个问题。一般，我说顺其自然。”

SHOULD CLONING BE LEGAL?克隆应该合法吗？

[N] The debate over cloning will undoubtedly rage for a long time, even if scientists perfect a process to clone humans effortlessly. SCIENTIFIC AMERI CAN magazine said, “most ethicists’ initial reaction [to human cloning] is that such an action would be unconscionable(没有良心的)—although in the U.S., unlike in the U.K. and many other countries, it’s not explicitly(明确地) illegal.”即使科学家完善克隆人类的过程来毫不费力，但关于克隆的争论无疑将为风靡很长的时间。

科学美国人杂志报道：“对于人类克隆，多数伦理学家第一反应是这种行为是不合情理的（没有良心的）——尽管在美国，不像在英国和许多其他国家，它虽没有明确地认定其非法。”

[O] Therefore, an important question is : Should the government be allowed to prohibit human cloning? And if cloning is illegal ,will it actually stop scientists from trying? If scientists who are in favor of cloning discover a foolproof(万无一失的) method, I believe cloning will only soar. But the problems that may result from cloning are also inevitable, and I think we will regret it if we take cloning too far.因此，一个重要的问题是：政府应不应该禁止人的克隆？而且如果克隆是非法的，能实际地阻止科学家尝试吗？如果赞成克隆的科学家们能够找出一种万无一失的方法，我相信克隆将只会蓬勃发展起来。但是克隆导致的问题是无法避免的，我相信如果我们把克隆研究地太远，我们必将后悔。

1.In the opinion of some scientists, cloning humans will surely become a reality some day

or other.

2.What people really disagree on is whether whole humans should be cloned.

3.Identical twins and cloned humans are different in that the former are produced

naturally and the latter are not.

4.According to the HCF spokeswoman, human cloning technology will help prevent us

suffering from diseases.

5.It is likely that cloning will help cure you of HIV before long.

6. A teenager desiring to become a doctor believes responsible scientists won’t allow

themselves to go beyond organ cloning.

7.The idea that cloning could bring a dead baby to life seems strange and scary but many

appeal to some parents.

8.In the United Kingdom and many other countries human cloning is prohibited.

9.Many young people who discussed cloning with the author find arguments against

cloning more logical.

10.The author is sure cloning will rise sharply if a safe method is developed.

参考答案

01-05，CGIKA

06-10，E J N L O