大英4网测泛读lesson10
The author agrees with the view that relations between nations
become one of harmonious cooperation due to globalism.
对
错
问题 2
Christianity that has dominated the West has its utopia.
对
错
问题 3
Mcluhan refers to the age of electricity, jet travel, and computers as
the White Age.
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错
问题 4
In our century, the U. S. is trying to build a utopia built on its military power and democracy.
对
错
问题 5
The author thinks that Mcluhan underestimates the power of history, tradition, language and autonomy.
对
错
The invention of the “three Ts” in the nineteenth century was as
revolutionary as the advent of the Internet in the late twenties century.
对
错
问题 7
We obtain our sense of well-being and connection from drifting from job to job and floating from city to city.
对
错
问题 8
The Global Village Utopia is governed by corporate capitalism and a
free-market economy.
对
错
问题 9
America’s big guns are more powerful than its Big Mac in the
Electronic Age.
对
错
问题 10
Today, the power of a nation has shifted from the battlefield and the steel mills to Silicon Valley and the Internet.
对
错
问题 11
For each blank in the passage, select one word from the list of
choices following the passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the corresponding letter (for example, H) in the blank .
____ by Marshall
McLuhan. He was the first to popularize the notion that we could be everywhere at once. If we try to be everywhere at once, in the Congo, ______ won’t succeed because it can’t correct the prejudices, the misunderstandings, and especially the class warfare. Globalism will ______. Regions
will be very strong. A European region will extend from England down to Italy. An Asian region will be very strong with a few
countries dominating. The whole world will not come along with this idea of a global village. I don’t think we’re going to make any real progress with much of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia _____ dream. Most ____
____ look better on paper than they do when you get
there.
The people who stand to make the great money and achievement
____ are, for example, bankers and
____. We see what happens
when the corporation moves in. Take Nike, the tennis shoe people. They’re becoming very suspect. They make shoes in South America or wherever for five or six dollars a pair and sell them in America for a hundred dollars. The point is the people who do the real work don’t get the money. The corporation takes the lion’s share. That’s what happens when a corporation runs amuck. The collapse of our ____
_____ and especially our stock market in 2001 shows us
____ is global
and look what we got. Three years of depression.
问题 12
The dynamo driving us forward is technology coupled with consumer capitalism. America still has big guns, but it is Big Mac that is leading our attack.
The example of America’s big guns and Big Mac is used to
illustrate that _________.
A. Britain fell behind America in the twentieth century because it failed to embrace consumer capitalism
B. manpower and firepower are as important as technology and consumer capitalism in building empires today
C. a country’s strength lies not only in its military power but also in its social system
D. a strong economy is playing a more important role in a country’s strength than its military power
问题 13
1. Our Global Village Utopia, half a millennium later, would be governed by corporate capitalism and a free-market economy.
What is the so-called “Global Village Utopia” according to the
text?
A. It is a place in which everyone drifts from job to job and from city to city and finds that every place is like the last
one.
B. It is the ideal world in which information can be shared simultaneously by everyone.
C. It is a global village in which we are driven forward by
technology and consumer capitalism.
D. It is a dream that we can build a global village in which
different economies are interconnected by international
companies and a free market economy dominates.
问题14
McLuhan’s poetic concept was effective and seductive. But it ignored tribalism, regionalism, nationalism, love of language, and fear of
change. People are reluctant to give up their cultural cocoons.
According to the author, Mcluhan’s dream of a Global Village
where all walls between people, art, religions, and philosophies
come tumbling down will never come true because __________.
A. the power of history, tradition, language, and nationalism is
strong
B. many people in backward areas have no access to the Internet
C. intellectual-property abuse deprives people of their trust in
the Internet
D. with the Global Village relations between nations become
more friendly
问题15
The Black Age of coal, mines, and factories was ending—the White Age of electricity, jet travel, and computers was coming. The Electronic
Age is returning to oral and tribal culture, abandoned in the Age of
Print. We are being hurled back into the tribal and oral pattern with its
seamless web of kinship and global interdependence—a world in
which the electronic extensions of everyone’s nerves involve them in
all other people’s lives.
Oral and tribal culture is picked up in _________________.
A. the Electronic Age
B. the Black Age
C. the White Age
D. the Age of Print
问题 16
We are left with ruined cities, monuments, and piles of rubble. Poets
and historians know this. The English poet Shelley described two vast legs of stone, alone in an endless desert, bearing this inscription: “My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings: /Look on my works, ye Mighty,
and despair!”
The pronoun “this” in “Poets and historians know this” probably
refers to _______________.
A. poets and historians have supported functioning utopias
B. mighty powers rise and fall but no utopia has really existed
C. Shelly sings praise of the great king Ozymandias
D. great kings and generals have conquered the world
问题 17
lobalization means more money and more products; but does it mean less freedom, less real security, less meaningful information?
By asking the question, the author implies that _____________.
A. globalization means more freedom, more security and more
meaningful information
B. globalization means less freedom, less real security and less meaningful information
C. globalization means more money, more products and more freedom
D. globalization means more information, more freedom but less security
问题 18
Hi His 1964 book called Understanding Media was a fire bell in the night. Master of a new pop-hop style, full of punning and funning, he created an intellectual firestorm.
The tone of Mcluhan in his book Understanding Media is ____________.
A. serious
B. pessimistic
C. ironic
D. humorous
问题 19
People everywhere have prayed “that we may all be one of one heart
and of one soul, with one mind.” That noble prayer has never been answered —neither has it ever disappeared. The utopian dream is a
perennial one that changes but always eludes us.
According to the statement, the utopian dream _______________
A. has never been attained but it never disappears
B. has been cherished and prayed for and has been realized in human history
C. of human beings throughout history has been the same one
D. has never become a reality and people today have given up the dream
问题 20
A An even greater and more consequential breakthrough came with the advent of “three Ts” in the nineteenth century.
Which of the following is NOT one of the “three Ts” invented in
the nineteenth century?
A. Telescope
B. Telephone
C. Typewriter
D. Telegraph
问题
21
Wri Writing and print technology brought about isolation and psychic
alienation. Now the electronic media will hasten us back into the
embrace of the group. Electronic media create a Global Village in
which information can be shared simultaneously by everyone —
where all walls between people, art, religions, and philosophies come tumbling down.
According to Mcluhan, ___________ is brought about by the
Electronic media.
A. tribalism
B. global interdependence
C. psychic alienation
D. isolation
新课标大学英语阅读教程3Unit4 A Promise Kept翻译
In a world where so many lives are being torn apart by divorces and heartaches, comes a story of a father and a daughter, and a promise that was kept. 现今，离婚和关系破裂粉碎了无数人的人生，然而在这样的一个时世，有着这么一个关于一对父女信守承诺的故事。 My father was not a sentimental man. I don’t remember him ever “ooohhing” or “ahhing” over something I made as a child. Don’t get me wrong; I knew that my dad loved me, but getting all 1)mushy-eyed was not his thing. I learned that he showed me love in other ways. 我父亲不善表露感情。我记得在我小时候，他从来不为我做的任何事情而发出“噢噢噢”或者“啊啊啊”之类的感叹。不要误会我的意思；我知道我父亲是爱我的，但是将感情外露不是他的性格。我知道他通过其他方式表达对我的爱。 There was one particular time in my life when this became real to me... 在我人生中，只有这么一回让我感受到他的爱是如此的真实…… I always believed that my parents had a good marriage, but just before I, the youngest of four children, turned sixteen, my belief was sorely tested. My father, who used to share in the 2)chores around the house, gradually started becoming 3)despondent. From the time he came home from his job at the factory to the time he went to bed, he hardly spoke a word to my mom or us kids. The 4)strain on my mom and dad’s
大学英语泛读第三版book213.全文翻译
After Twenty Years O'Henry 二十年以后 欧亨利 The policeman on the beat moved up the avenue impressively. The impressiveness was habitual and not for show, for spectators were few. The time was barely 10 o'clock at night, but chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had well nigh depeopled the streets. 一个执勤的警察正沿街巡逻，很认真，他一直都这样认真，并不是做给谁看的。差不多是晚上十点了，街上行人寥寥无几，冷风飕飕地吹着，有种雨水的味道。 Trying doors as he went, twirling his club with many intricate and artful movements, turning now and then to cast his watchful eye adown the pacific thoroughfare, the officer, with his stalwart form and slight swagger, made a fine picture of a guardian of the peace. The vicinity was one that kept early hours. Now and then you might see the lights of a cigar store or of an all-night lunch counter; but the majority of the doors belonged to business places that had long since been closed. 他灵巧地来回转着手里的警棍，每家每户都仔细查看，警觉的目光不时地投向安静的街道，这个警察，身材强壮，昂首阔步，俨然一个和平守护者。附近的街区睡得都早，偶尔能看见一个雪茄店或通宵餐馆还亮着灯，其他的店铺早就打烊了。 When about midway of a certain block the policeman suddenly slowed his walk. In the doorway of a darkened hardware store a man leaned, with an unlighted cigar in his mouth. As the policeman walked up to him the man spoke up quickly. 走到街区中间时，警察突然放慢了脚步，他看见五金店门口站着一个人，嘴里叼着雪茄，没点着，正向他走过去时，这个人立马开口说话了。 "It's all right, officer," he said, reassuringly. "I'm just waiting for a friend. It's an appointment made twenty years ago. Sounds a little funny to you, doesn't it Well, I'll explain if you'd like to make certain it's all straight. About that long ago there used to be a restaurant
大英四翻译
Unit1(fighting with the force of nature) 1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm. 2) We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons. 3) Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate. 4) Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement. 5) Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs. Translation The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Lucky enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marchland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered. Unit2 1）There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance. 2）The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems. 3）The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures. 4）The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently. 5）The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach. translation Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams. Unit3 1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while. 2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries. 3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands. 4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made
英语泛读教程3 课文翻译
UNIT 2 英国人的谨慎和礼貌 在许多人看来，英国人极为礼貌，同他们交朋友很难。但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。 对于其他欧洲人来说，英国人最著名的特点是“谨慎”。一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天，不会流露出太多的情感，并且很少会兴奋。要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事；他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事，也许你和他工作了几年，却连他住在哪儿，有几个孩子，兴趣是什么，都不知道。英国人就有类似的倾向。如果乘公共汽车去旅行，他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子；如果是乘火车，他们会找一个没人的单间。如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时，那么即使火车驶出了很多英里，他们也不会开口交谈。一旦谈起来的话，他们不会轻易问及像“你几岁？”或者甚至“你叫什么名字？”等私人问题。像“你的手表是在哪儿买的？”或者“你的收入是多少？”这样的问题几乎不可想象。同样，在英国，人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制，大声谈话会被视为没有教养。 在某种程度上，不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质，因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。而事实上，英国人（也许除了北方人）并不以慷慨和好客而著称。而另一方面，虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿，他们可能会满心欢喜。 与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。在内心深处，英国人可能比任何人都高傲，但是当他们与别人相处时，他们十分看重谦逊的品质，至少要表现出谦虚的样子。自我标榜会被认为没有教养。让我们假设，有一个人非常擅长打网球，但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时，他很少会说“是”，不然，人们会认为他很高傲。他可能会作出类似这样的回答，“不算太差，”或者“嗯，我非常喜欢网球。”这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时，常常形成一种漠然的气氛，这在外国人看来难于理解，甚至令人恼火。 著名的英国人的幽默感也是大同小异。它的出发点是自我贬低，它的最大对手是高傲，它的理想境界是自嘲的能力——嘲笑自己的错误、自己的失败和窘境，甚至自己的理想。在英国，人们非常看重幽默感，常常能听到“他一点幽默感都没有”这样的批评。幽默感是一种对生活的态度而并非仅仅是开玩笑的能力。这种态度决非残酷、不敬或是怀有恶意的。英国人不会嘲笑一个跛子或者疯子，也不会嘲笑一个悲剧或者一次可敬的失败。同情心或者对艺术技巧的崇敬比嘲笑的份量重得多。 同幽默感一样，运动员精神是英国式的理想，这一点并非所有的英国人都做得到。必须认识到，现代形式的运动几乎都是英国人发明的。拳击、英式足球、网球以及板球都是在英国首次组织并且制定出规则的。规则是运动的精髓，运动员精神是指按照规则从事体育运动的能力，同时也表现在对对手的慷慨大度，以及失败后的良好心态。此外，运动员精神作为一种理想模式也普遍适用于日常生活。其中最基本的生活规则之一就是“不打跌倒的人”。换言之，就是不要利用别人的不幸。英国的男孩子常常在相互交往中把这种运动员精神表现得淋漓尽致。 英国人的另一特点就是礼貌。总的来说，英国式的礼貌习惯都不很正式。所有的礼貌都是建立在这样的基本原则之上：为别人着想，同时也认可别人对你的关心。在麻烦别人时，如：从某人前面经过，或者打断某人的谈话，或者向陌生人请教问题时，要先说“对不起”，为给对方带来的不便预先道歉。“抱歉”一词表示对意外打扰或者违反礼仪的歉意。如果有人提出或者暗示某个要求，如：“我可以借你的钢笔吗嘛？”或者“现在几点了？”或者“还有七码的鞋吗？”，而你无法满足这种要求时，也要说“抱歉”而不是“不”。“请原谅？”是用来要求别人重复所说内容时的礼貌说法。在英国，除了在学校，人们在请求发言时，不再用“请”这个词。在国外非常普遍的词组“不，请”，在英国本土听起来却会很别扭。“好
大英三泛读翻译
范读课文4、8、11、14、17、20 LESSON 4: The Middle-Class Black’s Burden Leanita McClain 黑人中产阶级因其成功而备受煎熬，我就是其中一员。一方面，白人认为我不过是幸运昙了；另一方面，黑人则妒忌我，僧恨我。一旦获得了机会，能够从事属于白领阶层的工作，和所有人一样，黑人就会对生活抱有极大的希望，这些包括了人们常说的梦中的豪宅，两辆汽车，接受良好的教育，还有孩子们在迪斯尼乐园度过的假期。这一事实仍会让很多人感到震惊。实际上，相较于其他美国人，我们黑人更渴望获得这一切，因为我们已有太久无权拥有和享受这些东西了。 同时，在通常被人们称为贫民区的地方，仍生活有相当多的黑人同胞，他们和那些观念陈旧的黑人好战分子一起，总是无休止地责写黑人中产阶级，说我们“忘了本”!’指责我们抛弃了革命，背叛了本民族，变成了白心黑人—皮肤是黑色的，内心却已被白人同化。 而事实是我们不曾忘本，我们也不敢忘本。我们只不过是奋斗在不同的阵线，也不比他们少厌倦战争。或许，我们还更伤心，因为我们清楚地知道黑人世界和白人世界本可以融会在一起，而这个融合在一起的世界将会更美好。 要那些花言巧语的骗子仍无所顾忌地利用儿时的友情来作编我，我就不可能忘本。当我怀着恐惧回到以前住过的地方，钱包被人抢走时，我不会忘本；当我享用商务午餐却发现服务员是老同学时，我也不会忘本。我回忆起儿时一起玩洋娃娃的女孩，她现在靠福利救济抚养五个子女;而那个住在教堂里的男孩，现在因谋杀罪而被关在监狱里；儿时的密友则因服食过量毒品被发现死在我们曾一起玩捉迷藏的小巷里。这一切怎能令我忘本!
刘乃银英语泛读4(第三版)课文翻译
英语泛读教程4 第三版 Unit1天才与工匠 许多人羡慕作家们的精彩小说，但却很少有人知道作家们是如何辛勤笔耕才使一篇小说问世的。以下的短文将讨论小说的酝酿过程，以及作家是如何将这小说雕琢成一件精致完美的艺术品。 有一次，我在暮色中来到小树林边一棵鲜花盛开的小桃树前。我久久站在那里凝视着，直到最后一道光线消逝。我看不到那树原先的模样，看不见曾穿透果核，能崩碎你的牙齿的力量，也看不到那使它与橡树和绿草相区别的原则。显现在我面前的，是一种深邃而神秘的魅力。当读者读到一部杰出的小说时，他也会这样如痴如狂，欲将小说字字句句刻骨铭心，不提出任何问题。 但即使是个初学写作者也知道，除那将小说带到世上的文字之外，还有更多的构成小说生命的因素，小说的生命并不始于写作，而始于内心深处的构思。 要创作出有独创性的作品，并不要求懂得创造的功能。多少世纪以来的艺术、哲学及科学创造都出自人们的头脑，而创造者也许从未想到去关注创造的内在过程。然而，在我看来，对创造工作一定程度的了解，至少会使我们通过知道两个事实，增长我们处理正在出现的故事的智慧。 首先，天赋不是掌握了技艺的艺术家独有的特性，而是人脑的创造性功能。不仅所有对技艺的掌握都含有天赋，而且每个人都具有天赋，
无论他的天赋发展是何等不充分。对技艺的掌握是天赋的显现，是经过培养的，发展了的和受过训练的天赋。你的天赋在最原始的层面上起作用。它的任务就是创造。它是你的故事的创造者。 第二，将你的小说带进世界的文字是艺术家的工作，它就和一个泥瓦匠的工作一样，有意识、谨慎而实实在在。天赋正如理解力、记忆力和想象力一样是我们的精神禀赋中的天然部分，而技艺却不是。它必须通过实践才能学到，并要通过实践才能掌握。如果要使在我们内心深处浮现的故事跃然纸上，光彩照人，那么，每个故事都须有感染力极强的优雅文笔。只有健全的技艺才能使我们做到这一点。 一个故事是如何酝酿成的呢？据说，我们从一生中的前二十年，或许前五年起就开始写作。这可能取决于个人，而写作中的很多事都取决于个人。无论如何，童年和少年时期的清晰印象，或多或少无条件地存在于我们的记忆中，未被解释，不受约束，而且栩栩如生，永不磨灭。困惑、徬徨、畏惧、喜悦、辉煌和平庸，在各种程度上以各种形式组合在一起。这些对往事的印象在心中悸动着。它们在等待什么？是在等待某种圆满的结果？还是对它们特有的真理的认可？似乎它们的创伤需要切开，隐秘的见解需要表露，发现需要与人分享，苦恼需要承认，这种飘渺的美需要形式。 我们就这样背负着各种任务渡过一生。时而,一个常常是小小的体验，撬开了记忆之门，抓住了这些虽已年代久远，却依然栩栩如生，呼之欲出的印象。于是，故事就如种子一般开始萌动。 这种经历人人都有，却鲜为人知。然而，一旦富有创造力的作家有了
新视野读写教程第三版大学英语4翻译
一、英译汉 Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist. 亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。 His writings cover many subjects, including physics, biology, zoology, logic, ethics, poetry, theater, music, linguistics, politics and government, and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. 他的作品涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。 Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines such as mathematics, biology, and ethics. 亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学和伦理学。 He believed all people's concepts and all their knowledge were ultimately based on perception. 他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。 His views on natural sciences laid the groundwork for many of his works. 他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。 He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in his era. 他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。 His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and even today all aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the important subject of academic study. His philosophy had a long-lasting influence on the development of all Western philosophical theories. 他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使在今天，亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。
大英4泛读翻译Book4
创造奇迹的话语 “也许等我活到100岁的时候，我会习惯于別人对我做的每件事所釆取的理所当然的态度，” 一位年轻的家庭主妇向她的邻居吐露内心的秘密。“如果比尔偶尔能对我说儿句好听的话，他会使我的生活更加幸福。” 我们中很少有人1识到我们是络么需更豉励，意识至|| 我们必须时常感受赞扬的温暖，占则就会失去我们的自信。 我们所有的人都需耍那种被人需耍以及被人仰慕的感觉。 但是除非我们听到别g的赞誉之词，不然我们如何能够知道我 们是被他人尊重的朋友或同事呢？ 任何想改善与他人关系的人仅需表达一种赞同的理? I 解就可以了。表达这种理解并使他人感到H己的重娈性和价值的方式归结如下：经常在别人身上寻找你可羡慕和赞赏的东西并告知对方。，我们每个人都有H己的一幅心理图像，一种白我形”,象。为了获得比较满意的生活，这一H我形象必须是我们能够接受的、能够喜欢的。当我们对h我形象感到鬥豪时，我们会感到H信并会白由地展示白我。我们的表现处丁?最佳状态。而当我们对白我形象感到羞愧时，我们就会设法隐藏它而不是表达它。我们会变得不友好，难以相处。诸弋八I “?.敢、、，r f - 一个被唤虚白尊的人的身上会出现奇迹。他会突然间?更喜欢他人，他会更为善良，与周由的人更容易合作。?歡:y 1赞扬是上光剂，有助丁?保持他的鬥我形彖明亮闪光。" 丿=
■但这与你赞扬別人有何关系呢？关系多多。你有能力 ■让奇迹在另外一个人身上出现。当你増强他自尊心的时候，你会使他喜欢你.想和你合作。 切斯特菲尔徳爵士向他的儿子提出这样一条不同寻常的建议，耍他效仿徳尼韦奴瓦公爵，“你会发现他是让人们先喜欢他们自己进而才喜欢上他的。” 赞扬的影响确实是巨大的。一位新牧师戏称教堂为“冰箱”以此来反对批评他的教众对陌生人的冷漠。相反，他开始欢迎來自讲坛的來访者并吿诉他的教众他们有多么友好。之 后，他提出了他想耍的，能够给人们快乐生活的有好声誉的教会的构想，使教众变得和缓。他说，“赞扬能使冷情的成员变成热情的人。” ■ ? 17诚意是赞扬时必不可少的。它会增强赞扬的效果。?； 男人劳累一天下班回到家里，看见自己孩子的脸贴在窗 '户上期待着他时，那无声的赞美会滋润他的心IM 7
英语泛读教程3第三册课文翻译unit14
UNIT14 你怎么知道艺术品的优劣? 玛丽亚·曼尼丝 你喜欢艺术吗？你能说出哪些艺术品好哪些不好？是否存在评价艺术的标准？读一读下面这篇文章，看看玛丽亚·曼尼丝如何回答这样的问题。 设想没有评论家告诉我们，对一幅画，一个剧本或一段新乐曲怎样反应。设想我们无意间步入一个未署名油画的画展。我们依据什么标准，依据什么价值来评判它们是优是劣，是天才的还是没有天才的，是成功还是失败?我们又怎能知道自己的想法是正确的? 近十五或二十年来，艺术的批评与欣赏流行否认任何合理标准的存在，使“好”与“坏”成了无关紧要，无足轻重、无可适用的字眼。我们被告知，根本不存在先通过知识与经验获得，然后加在讨论的对象上的一套标准这回事。这一直是受到欢迎的方法，因为它解除了评论家评判的责任，公众也无须知识。它迎合那些不愿受规则约束的人，称头脑空虚者为开明来讨好他们，并使不知所措的人得到安慰。在民主平等之旗的掩护下--当然不是我们祖先所说的那种平等--它实际是在说：“你是谁，要来告诉我们什么是好，什么是坏?”这与大众传媒制作者的一贯伎俩如出一辙。他们坚持认为，由公众而不是由他们决定的它想要听和看的什么，而评论家说这个节目好而这个节目不好，这纯粹是个人趣味的反应。没有谁表达这一哲学，比近来弗兰克·斯丹坦博士，哥伦比亚广播电视公司极其睿智的总裁更为简明。在联邦通讯委员会的一次听证会上，他在接受询问时漏出此言：“一人眼里的平庸之作，却是另一人的佳作。” 最妙不过的说法是：“没有一个标准是绝对的”。造成这种放任观念的另一重要因素是：畏惧感----所有艺术形式的观察者们都有唯恐猜错的担心。这种担心极易遇到，谁没有听说当初饱受世人指摘的艺术家后来被称为大师？每个时期都有一些评判者，他们不和时代一起前进，无法区分进化和革命，风行一时的时尚、业余的实验与深刻的必然的变化之间的区别。谁愿意作出这样严重的判断错误而贻笑大方?安全得多，当然也容易得多的做法是：看着一幅画，一个剧本或一首诗，说道：“它很难懂，但也许很好”；或者干脆把它当作新形式加以欢迎。“新的”这个词--尤其在我们这个国度--具有魔力般的涵义。凡是新的都是好的；而旧的则极可能是不好的。如果评论家能用无人理解的语言描述新事物，那么他就更为安全。倘若他掌握了说话的艺术，用精巧复杂的言辞，却什么也没说，日后就无人能够说他曾经说过什么。 但是我认为，所有这一切实质上都是对评判责任的背弃。艺术家在创作中表现自己，而你则在欣赏中有自己的承诺。毕竟还是观众成就了艺术。欣赏的气氛对于艺术的繁荣不可或缺。公众的期望愈高，艺术家的表现就愈好。相反，只有被评论家误导的社会，才会在这几年把既不是艺术也不是文学的东西当做艺术和文学接受。如果一件东西没有了，一切也就没有了，而在废物堆最底层的是被抛弃的标准。 但这些标准究竟是什么?你怎样得到它们?你如何知道它们是正确的?你又如何能在这许多不可捉摸的东西，包括最不可捉摸的自我本身，理清出一个清晰的模式? 首先，很明显，你愈是多读、多看、多听，你将愈好地被装备起来实践建立在所有的理解与判断之上的联想艺术。愈是见多识广，愈能深刻意识到一个连贯一致的规律--犹如星辰、潮汐、呼吸、白昼黑夜一般具有普遍性--存在于万事万物中。我把这一规律与这一节奏称为一种秩序。并非秩序，而是一种秩序。其中存在着变化万千的各种形式。其外则是混乱--疯狂的毁灭因素----病态。最终应由你来区分健康的多样性与病态的混乱，而不运用联想的过程是无法做到的。没有联想的过程，你就不能将莫扎特乐曲的一节和维米尔油画的一角，斯特拉文斯基的乐谱与毕加索的抽象画，或者一个挑衅性的行为与弗兰茨·克兰的油画，一阵咳嗽声与约翰·凯奇的作品联系起来。 某些艺术表现形式是永恒的，而另一些却转瞬即逝，这并非偶然现象。尽管你不一定总要解释原因，但你可以提出问题。艺术家说了些什么永恒的东西?他怎样说这些?有多少是时尚，多少纯是反映?为什么如今沃尔特·司各特的作品如此难读，而简·奥斯丁却不是这样?为什么巴洛克艺术风格适合某一时期，而另一时期却显得过于炫目辉煌? 是否存在一个技巧标准，能够适用于所有时代的艺术，还是每个时代对标准都有各自不同的定义?你也许已不经意地意识到，这些年“技巧”已变成不入流的字眼，因为它含有“标准”的意思--即作品完成得好不好。这种方便的逃避的结果，导致了大量不能发出声音的演员，不会解释歌曲涵义的歌手，不能交流感情的诗人，词汇贫乏的作家--更不用说不会作画的画家。现在的教条是，技巧阻碍表达。不必说你不知道自己在做什么，如果你不知道怎样去做，那么你就能做得更好。 我认为，到了你帮助扭转这一潮流的时候了，方法是努力重新发现技巧：掌握选择的工具，无论是画笔、字词还是声音。当你开始觉察自由与草率，严肃的实验与自我疗法，技艺与即兴，力量与暴力之间的区别时，你就逐渐能够将山羊与绵羊区分开来，而这种区分形式我们竟阔别已久。所有你需要重新拥有的，不过是几条标准和能够看穿骗局的盖氏测量仪，而我们可以在急切需要这两者的领域－－当代绘画开始艺术之旅。 我不知道什么更糟糕：不得不面对大面积的拙劣艺术，为的是发现些许可取之处，还是阅读评论家对此说的一切。其他任何一个表现领域都不会象画界一样如此盛行煞有其事的言谈，流行如此多的废话：艺术与艺术生存的评论氛围之间紧密地相互依赖的进一步证据。我将很乐意和你共享我们时代典型的故弄玄虚的东西。
大学英语泛读第四册课后翻译答案
大学英语泛读第四册课后翻译答案（部分） Text 1 Words that Work Miracles 1、可是我们都要时常享受到热情地赞美，否则我们就会失去自信。 2、当我们对自身的形象感到骄傲时，会有自信心，感觉很自在。 3、一位牧师到一座教堂上任，这座教堂被开玩笑地称作“冰箱”，他没有批评教堂的教徒们 对陌生人冷漠，而是站在讲坛上欢迎来访者，并对大家说他们是多么的友善。 4、经过一天的劳累，一位父亲回到家，看到孩子们把小脸贴在玻璃窗上等他回家，这无声 然而珍贵的赞美滋润了他的心田 Text 7 About Heroes 1、这个词经常用来指那些偶然做出某种英勇之举的普通人。 2、因为想要无愧于自己的偶像，所以崇拜英雄的人们就能激发出自己的潜能（聪明才智）。 3、但是我们为这种真实性付出代价，因为他们努力地为我们展示了“完整的人”，他们告诉我们的信息比我们希望知道的要多，而这些信息都是关于私生活、家庭秘密和人性的弱点。 4、我们试图模仿的是些默默无闻的成年人，是我们生活中的小人物。 5、一位英雄人物被要求具有的品质是随着时代的改变而改变的，一个时期的伟大人物可能会使另一个时期的人们很吃惊。 6、如果我们愿意忽视他们人性中的弱点并且承认他们令人钦佩的品质激发了我们的崇敬，那么这些人就是英雄人物。 7、没有星星闪烁的天空是令人忧伤的天空。 Text 13 What Makes a Leader? 1、领导艺术像其他任何事情一样，是时机的问题。 2、伟大的领导者几乎都能做到言简意赅，他们平息争吵、辩论和犹豫不决，提出一个人人都能听得懂、记得住的解决方案。 3、电视经常因为夸大外表、使我们忽略本质而受到批评，但是电视并未完全掩盖领导者是否具备应有的素质。 4、人民只能被领向他们想去的地方。领袖跟随着民众，虽然他先行了一步。 5、最重要的是，他必须使我们的愿望变得神圣，使我们相信我们是在参与创造伟大的历史，赋予我们一种光荣感。 6、归根结底，他标志着我们之中的佼佼者，他是由我们自己的精神与意志塑造而成的。Text 18 I’ll remember it in a minute 1、结果常常是这样的，他正想引起我身后人的注意，那便意味着我必须把这一手势悬于半空之中，假装只是伸手去搔搔耳朵，或者是我与他身后的人挥手。 2、我们的目光终于相遇，于是便装作万分惊讶状相互招呼，大叫道："哎呀，真是奇遇！"而后双方互拍肩膀，以掩盖由于这些年未曾联系而产生的负疚感。 3、我们开始一起走在街上，使对方相信我们依旧故我，并相互寒暄问候，此时我拼命地查
英语泛读教程3第三册Unit4课文翻译
寻找可以依靠的坚实臂膀 在美国，越来越多的老人独居。他们生病时处境通常显得很悲惨。简·格罗斯在下面的文章中指出这些老年人的问题。 每次人们在医生办公室给格雷斯·麦凯比递来一份紧急情况联系人表格时，空格处总令她心中发怵。对任何有配偶、伴侣或子女的人来说，这是个很简单的问题。但是，75岁的麦凯比女士一直独居。谁能和她一起渡过难关?情况最糟糕的时候，谁会关心她? 这些曾是假设的问题。但是现在，麦凯比女士视力越来越差，几乎完全看不见。她一直有很多朋友，但从没请过谁为她负起责任，比如，接急诊室半夜来的电话，或因为她自己不能写支票而帮助付账单。 她在所有的朋友中，选定了一个心地善良、遇事不慌、有解决问题能力的人。所以，她多次在空白处写止“夏洛特·弗兰克”，然后打电话说，“夏洛特，又把您写在单子上了，”于是，紧张时刻得到缓解。 麦凯比女士被一个鲁莽的司机撞倒在人行横道上，得了脑震荡，这时，年龄70岁，自己也独居的弗兰克女士在起居室长沙发上守了一夜。麦凯比女士再也看不清标)隹字体时，弗兰克女士给她弄了一台电脑，把字体设置到最大，这样，她就能读报纸，从商品单定购货物。 “你会发现，有些好朋友成了至交，”麦凯比女士说，“夏洛克既实际又形象地告诉我要，抓住不放，我这样做了。” 无法统计出不同年龄生病或有残疾的独居者的数字，医院安排出院的人和家庭健康照料机构说，他们服务的明显无人照顾的独居者越来越多。 人口调查报告中，单人家庭，包括从未结婚者、离婚者和丧偶者，其数目明显增加。2003年，近27％ 的美国家庭由独居者组成，高于1970年的18％，这些家庭注重的是不具有亲属的法律地位或社会地位的友谊。人口统计学家警告说，生育高峰期出生的人老年化，疾病和残疾成为老年不可避免的必然结果，这将使独居者家庭队伍壮大。 美国医院协会资深副会长詹姆斯·本特利说，独居者属于最棘手的情况。他说，任何病人或残疾人，在医院里和出院后都“需要有人负责照料他们”，但独居者在特别脆弱的时候，却是自己照料自己。 “病人不能同时想着两种角色，”他说，“但我们还没有一个好的机制来处理这个问题。” 医院里短期停留的病人增加，有时让不能自理的病人回家，这就使情况更糟。本特利先生说，医院必须找些新方法，让这类病人对面临的问题有所准备，并说独居者必须“在生病之前想一想”自己有哪些组织起来的关系网可以访问。 他说，“如果我们等到出生高峰时期出生的人需要这些的时候才来考虑，因为他们人数太多，没有办法特别处理，这是我们现在就要思考的问题，否则，到时候绝对会一团糟。”
大学英语泛读教程2【第二版】unit1课文翻译
several nights a week Joseph woke up screaming from the same terrible could never recall his whole dream， only remembered that someone was running after was trying to get away，but in his dream he could not move。he continued having this nightmare for months。he was so tired in the morning that it was hard for him to go to work。Joseph，you see，is not a frightened child，but a grown man。 Milton Kramer is a psychiatrist and dream researcher Cincinnati， believes that it is very important that people don't ignore their dreams，because they are messages from our sleeping Kramer studied dreams and dreamers，he found that people wake up feeling very discouraged after they have a bad also found that after having a good dream，people feel more ,dreams can have harmful or beneficial a result,Kramer believes that we need to learn how to change our bad we understand what happened in our dreams,we can change negative，hurtful dreams to positive，helpful ones。 Before we can begin to change a nightmare，however，we first have to remember what happened in our say there are many ways to do can keep a journal or diary of what we do when we are awake. Then，before going to sleep，we can review our practice helps us to stay in we wake up，we should lie still while we try to remember our researchers say that by staying in the same sleeping positive，we are more likely to recall the should also try to remember an important word or picture from the image makes the rest of the dream easier to longer we sleep，the longer and more complex our dreams will be. Cartwright is a dream researcher， has developed another dream therapy for changing to ,dream therapy involves four simple steps you can learn on your first step is to recognize when you are having a bad dream that will make you feel helpless or upset the next second step is to identify what it is about the dream that makes you feel bad-for example，weak instead of strong，or out of control instead of in control. Next，stop any bad do not have to continue your bad dream，because you are in last step is to change the negative part of the you may have to wake yourself up and change the dream before you return to times it is possible to change the dream while you are still asleep. By using dream therapy，Joseph was able to change his ,his bad dreams stopped
大英4(翻译)
Unit 1 1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. 研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都 会做大约两个小时的梦。 Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3. 有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己 的失败辩护。 Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4. 我们忠于我们的承诺 凡是答应做的，我们都会做到。 We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it. 5. 连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能 成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此，他的 老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。 Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. 6. 当局控告他们威胁国家安全。 They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security. 1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one. 出入除自己家以外的任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一 定要了解有关宠物的规定。 2. Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. 一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，挣一份不错的工资。但是为了家庭，她们放弃了工作。 3. How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name. 你怎么为这样粗鲁的行为辩护? 你将会为此付出沉重的代价，因为他们已经以诋毁名誉的罪名起诉你了。4. Criticism can be of great use; we may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things. 批评有其重要作用 我们可能当时不喜欢它，但是它能 激励我们去做更伟大的事情。 5. His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially. 他毫不让步的行为遭到公众的反对，这使得他陷入了精 神上崩溃、经济上破产的境地。 6. Even if you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let failure take over. Remember failure is a necessary step in learning; it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning. 即使你失败了，也不要被失败伤害，更不要被失败左右。记住 失败是学习过程中必要的一步 它不是学习的结束，而是学习的开始。 Unit2 1要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多 的观众。 If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous，it would have attracted a larger audience 2.她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员 She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress. 3我从未接受过正式培训，我只是边干边学。 I never had formal training，I just learned as I went along? 4.随着产品的进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越 高了。 As their products find their way into the international market，their brand is gaining in popularity. 5 她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这个故事听起来可信。She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone， but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.