2014春八年级下册unit10课文重难点讲解

Unit 10 I ’ve had this bike for three years.

Section A

1. I’ve had it for three years.我拥有它三年了。【解析】for +一段时间表示动作持续一段时间,用于现在完成时【2012甘肃鸡西市1】She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.

A. has been away from

B. has left

C. had left

【湖北】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he __ in Shiyan for five years.

A. was teaching

B. has taught

C. will teach

D. taught

2.Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的那些旧东西，因为它们能使她想起甜蜜的回忆。【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留keep 用法归纳如下：

一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语Please keep quiet / silent! 请保持安静！

二、用作实义动词，⑴. 保管；保存；保留Please keep these things for me while I am away.

⑵. 赡养；饲养I used to keep sheep in my childhood. ⑶坚持；继续接V-ing 形式作宾语。If you keep practicing your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress. ⑷阻止；阻碍keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介词from 不能省略。The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match.

⑸保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。

①keep + sb/sth + 介词。If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. ②keep + sb/sth + 形容词。These gloves will keep your hands warm. ③keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“让某人/ 某物一直……”，强调动作的持续性。I'm sorry I've kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。

【短语】keep a record 保持记录，keep in touch (with)保持与……的联系keep out (of) 把……关在外面，keep up 保持；使……不能入睡keep one's / an eye on密切注视keep away (from) 离开

keep in mind 牢记keep one's word 遵守诺言

【山东】—Could I __________ your iPad, Alice? —Of course. Here you are.

A. lend

B. keep

C. borrow

D. return

【贵州】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?”“ Yes. I _____ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon. A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept

【解析2】bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回忆起

( ) Our excellent service ______ our guests _____ year after year.

A. bring; down

B. bring; back

C. bring; in

D. bring; up

3. You can also give old things away to people in need.你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。

【解析】in need 需要；需求【拓展】in danger 在危险中in trouble在困境中

in silence 在沉默中in good health 在好的健康状态中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情

4. Because I don’t read it anymore . 因为我不用再读了。

【解析】no more ;not … anymore/ no longer ;not... any longer不再

词语同义词用法

no longer not… any longer 强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用

no more not… anymore(not… any more) 强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用

位置区别：当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。not... any longer与not... any more常置于句末。

He can no longer walk = He can’t walk any longer.The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didn’t cry any more. ( ) It is late. We can not wait him _____.A. any more B. no more C. more

5. Because I’ve had it since I was a baby. 因为自从我很小的时候我就有它了。

【解析】since 自从since+从句（一般过去时），主句用现在完成时He has studied very hard since he came to our school.【辨析】since与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：

since 其后接时间点或从句（一般过去时），

也可接“一段时间+ago”

或句型：It’s+ 时间段+since+一般过去时的句子

I’ve been a soldier since two years ago.

It’s two years since I came to China.

表示某事是从什么时候开始的

for 其后接时间段，

表示某事持续了多长时间

I’ve been a soldier for two years.

【2011天津】My grandmother ___ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.

A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen

【2011贵州毕节】I _____many new friends since I came here．A．make B．made C．will make D．have made 【2013上海】—_______ have you been in the sports club?—Since the first month I came to the school.

A. How old

B. How long

C. How much

D. How soon

6. I have something for the kids, 我有一些孩子们的东西。

【解析】介词for用法归纳用法1：(表目的)为了。They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。

用法2：(表利益)为，为了。What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？

【2013上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad ____ our health.

A. from

B. with C .of D. for

【牡丹江】—What did you get _____ your mother ____ Mother’s Day?—A beautiful card and a scarf.

A. for; in

B. for; on

C. to; for

【江苏】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online ___ further education.

A. after

B. to

C. with

D. for

7. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。

【解析】a couple of 几个；一些= a few 后接可数名词复数a couple of “一对” ,优指夫妻、情侣I’ll be back in _______________days. (几天)

8. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’ll still interesting. 里面的故事或许有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。【解析】a bit 稍微；有点儿a bit /a little辨析：⑴ a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级,"一点儿"。The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly. 演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿,以便使别人听得更清楚。⑵ a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, a bit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语,两者都只能修饰不可数名词There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午饭只吃剩下的一点食品了。

9. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.【解析】check out 查看；观察check v检查【2013浙江宁波】Please _______(检查)your test paper before you hand it in.

【安徽】I will meet Jane at the station, Please___ what time she will arrive.A. count B. chooseC. check D. catch 【2013天津】—Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?—Oh, really! I haven’t ____ my mailbox yet.A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked

10. My children are growing up fast .我的孩子们成长的很快。【解析】grow up 成长（常用于指人或动物）( ) When I grow up , I want to be a teacher.A. give up B. put up C. get older D. get younger 11. So we’ve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale.所以我们正从卧室里清理出许多东西来办一场庭院拍卖会。【解析】clear out 清理；把……清空clean up 清理；使整洁Please clear out the cupboard.

12. We’ve decided to each sell five things we no longer use.我们已经决定每人卖出去五件我们不用的东西。【解析1】decide v决定→-decision n决定(1)decide to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事(2)make a decision 做决定①My mother has decided _______________(take) me to acting lessons.

( ) ②My brother makes up his mind to study medicine.A. decided B. needs C. decides D. has

【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided ____.A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it

【河北】The children decide __ their school yard this Friday afternoon.

A. clean

B. to clean

C. cleaning

D. cleaned

【解析2】no longer = not ... any long 不再【在句中位置】no longer 位于助动词、情态动词或实意动词之后；

not ... any longer not 常与助动词或情态动词连用，any longer 位于句末。I no longer live in this city. = I don’t live in this city any longer.【辨析】no longer, not ... any longer; no more , not... any more.

词语同义词用法

no longer not ... any longer 强调时间或动作“不再延续”，与延续动词连用

no more not ... any more 强调数量和程度“不再增加”与非延续动词连用

He can no longer walk = He can’t walk any longer.

I have no more money to give you.= I don’t have money to give you any more.

13. For example , he’s owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every

week until he was about seven.例如，从他四岁生日以来，就已经拥有了这列火车和铁轨的组合，大约七岁之前他几乎每周都要玩这个玩具。

【解析】own v 拥有→owner n 物主of one’s own 某人自己的the owner of … ……的所有者

①Who is the ____________(own) of the bike?②I want to see it with _______(I) own eyes.

14. And he didn’t want to lose the toy monkey he’s had since then, 并且他也不想失去自从他出生就拥有的那个玩具猴。【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去I hope we won’t lose the competition.

15.My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys.我女儿比较通情达理，尽

管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。【解析1】part with 与……分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西）

They were sorry to part with the old house.

( ) She felt sad to part with her lovely dog.A. find B. lost C. lose D. found

【解析2】certain⑴某种；某事；某人（在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词）

A certain person called on me yesterday.⑵adj. 确实的，无疑的be certain of 对某事有把握They are certain of success. be certain to do sth 肯定做某事He is certain to come.be certain +that确信I’m certain that he’ll come.

( ) He is certain _____ to ninety.A. live B. of live C. to live D. to living.

16.As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I haven’t played for a while now.

对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。

【解析1】as for 至于；关于（后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语）As for computer, I’m not telling you anything. ( ) —____ the doctors, the most beautiful teacher Zhang Lili is out of danger.—We wish her to live a healthy and happy life in the future.A. In front of B. Thanks to C. As for D. Across from

【解析2】to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话【拓展】honest adj.诚实的（反）dishonest adj.不诚实的an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩【注】honest 以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.

①He is a _________(honest) boy. We all don’t like him.②She is an __________(honest) girl. We all like her.

③Tom likes to tell lies, he is________(honest)

( ) We should be honest to everyone . We shouldn’t tell lies. A. dishonest B. true C. truth D. truthful 【解析3】for a while 一会儿She likes to lie down for a while after lunch.

17. What will they do with the money they raise from the sale?他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么？

【解析】do with 处理；对付（某人或某物deal with 处理与how 连用do with 处理与what 连用do with “处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用I know what to do with these letters deal with “处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用He taught me how to deal with pressure 【2011玉溪】We can’t decide what will ha ppen in our life, but we can decide how we will _____it.

A. agree with

B. begin with

C. deal with

D. come up with

( ) —____ do you ____ your broken watch? —I am going to take it to the watchmaker’s .

A. How; do with

B. What; deal with

C. How; deal with

D. What; did with

Section B- Self Check

1. We can often guess what a text is about by using what we already know.我们通常可以用原有的知识来猜测一篇文章写的是什么。【解析】by的用法：(1)by doing sth 通过…方式by studying with a group

【注】介词短语作方式状语，回答以How开头的问句，表示“怎样做”。①I study English by ___________(listen) to the tapes②Tom learns Chinese by ____________(watch) Chinese movies.

( )③____ did you get there? ---By ___ a taxi. A. How; taking B. How ; take C. How; took D. What; taking (2) by+ 交通工具（交通工具前不能加限定词）by bike by train【短语】by the way 顺便问一下

by accident= by chance 偶然地by mistake 错误地one by one 一个接一个step by step 一步一步地little by little 逐渐地by the time 到……为止by oneself 独自地by and by 不久之后by hand 用手by the end of 到….... 末尾

（）①The experts think that India’s population may be than china’s2012.

A. much; by

B. more; in

C. larger; by

D. larger; on

（）②we usually have a rest noon. A. at B. in C. on D./

( ) ③I go to school ___ bus every morning. A. in B. on C. at D. by

( ) ④Lin Lin often practices English ____ chatting with her American friend. A. in B. by C. for D. with ( )⑤I usually go to school __ bike. but sometimes I go to school _foot.A. with; on B. on; by C. on ; with D. by; on 【贵州】—How do you learn English words? _____ making flashcards. A. To B. By C. For D. With

【漳州】—_____does your brother go to work?—By bike.A. Where B. Why C. How

【2013重庆1】You can improve your English ___ practicing more.A. by B. with C. of D. in

2. However , others may only see it once or twice a year.但是，其他的人或许一年只能看到一两次。【解析】once or twice 一两次once = one time一次twice= two times 两次三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times”

three times 三次four times 四次three or four times 三到四次

① I chat with my friends online_______________(一两次) a week.

( ) ②Mr. Green usually watches TV twice a day. A. a lot B. a little C. two hours D. two times

3.Nowadays , millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. 如今，数百万的中国人离开

农村到城市去寻找工作。【解析】search v 搜索；搜查【记】research v研究，调查→search

search for 寻找；搜寻They searched for him.

( ) Millions of students want to search for good jobs in big cities.

A. reach for

B. look for

C. care for

D. find for

4. Among these is Zhong Wei a 46-year-old husband and father.钟伟就是其中的一个人，他46岁身为人夫和人父。【解析】among prep在（其中）；…….之一

among 介词，表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之中The girl disappeared among the crowd

between 介词；表示两者之间between … and …I sit between Sue and Jane.

【天津】The workers will build a new railroad ___ the two cities.A. since B. between C. among D. during. 【内蒙】His grade in the exam put him ___ the top students in his class.A. between B. over C. among D. above 5. He has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. 他最近13年都生活在温州。【解析】last ⑴adj. 刚过去的；最后的last time at last 最后⑵v 持续（可以跟一段时间连用）

6. I used to return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost three years now. 过去我至少一年回

一次家，但是我差不多三年没有回去了。【解析1】return⑴v 回；返回He returned home yesterday.

⑵v 归还；放回He returned her book

【山东】—Could I ____ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are.A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return 【解析2】be back 返回（强调状态，若表示“回到某地”则要在其后加介词to）We are all happy to be back to school after the long holiday.【短语】go back 走回来get back 回去come back 回来give back 归还run back 跑回look back 回顾

【2013山西中考】—Jack, I have to have a talk with your father today.

—Sorry, Mrs. King. He is going on business and won’t be ___ until next week.A. out B. away C. back

7. “It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time.” he says. “说起来真惭愧，但是我实在没有时间，”他说。

【解析】shame n 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧It’s a shame to do sth 做某事是可耻的It’s a shame to lie.

【拓展】在口语中常用“That’s a shame! / It’s a shame! /What a shame!”真遗憾；多可惜啊

—She has failed her test again.—That’s a shame!

( )①____! You are leaving a good job. A. What a shame B. How nice C. Have a good time D. Congratulations ( )②What a pity! You missed the early bus.A. What a good luck B. What a shame C. That’s great

【山东德州1】Oh, no ! It’s raining . We can’t go skating on the square, ______!

A. What a shame

B. Well done

C. What a surprise

D. How wonderful

8. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.许多像钟伟那样的人视他们家乡发生了什么变化为最大的兴趣。【解析】regard 将……认为，把……视为regard…with…对……持某种态度regard … as …把……当作…… I regard you as my friend.

( ) Don’t ____ others ___ fools! They know the truth of the matter.

A. remember; to

B. regard ; with

C. take; for

D. regard ; as

9. “I noticed tha t’s true of my hometown,” adds Zhong Wei. “我注意到我的家乡就是这样的” ,钟伟又说道。

【解析】be true of 符合于；对……适用

（）It can be true _____ helping each other.A. for B. with C. from D. of

10. Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid 20th century.在我那所曾经上过

的、自20世纪中期就建起来的旧小学里，孩子们已经学会了读书和数数。

【解析1】count v 数数The little girl can count.

【安徽】I will meet Jane at the station. Please __ what time she will arrive.A. count B. choose C. check D. catch 【解析2】century n 百年；世纪世纪的表达法：表示多少世纪要用序数词，序数词前一定要加the.

【结构1】“在……世纪” in the + 序数词+ century He was born in the 20th century.表示某世纪某年代，首先要用定冠词，然后在年代后加s.【结构2】“…….世纪……年代”in 1840是= 1840’s 19世纪40年代

the 1860s 19世纪60年代

【南京】The Eiffel Towel, a cultural icon of France, was completed at the end of the ____ (nineteen) century. 11. According to Zhong Wei ,however ,some things will never change.然而据钟伟说，一些事情将永远不会改变。【解析】according to + 名词依据；按照①Everything went on well __________(accord) to our plan.

( )②___ the new traffic laws, people mustn’t drive after drinking wine or beer.

A. According to

B. According as

C. According for

D. Accord to

【2013烟台】____________(根据) the survey, many students were willing to work hard to achieve their aims.

12. In my hometown , there was a big old tree opposite the school.在我的家乡，学校对面有一棵很大、很古老的树。【解析】opposite⑴prep对面的；另一边的= across from.We live on the opposite side of the street.

⑵ adj. 相对的；相反的

( ) There is a bank across from the hospital.A. near B. next to C. behind D. opposite

13. It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place.它仍在那里，并且已经成为那个地方的一个标志。【解析】a symbol of ………的象征Blue is a symbol of peace.

14. Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree, especially during the summer

holidays. 在我童年时代，大部分孩子都喜欢在那棵大树下一起玩耍，特别是暑假期间。

【解析1】in one’s time 在某人一生中= in one’s life In my time, my happiest thing is that I met you.

【解析2】especially 尤其；特别；格外侧重强调某物超过其他全部，突出特别的程度。He is especially busy this week. specially = on purpose“特意地；专门地” ,着重为了某一目的而“专门地、特别地”

( ) I like the county _____ in spring.A. specially B. particularly C. especially

【2012湖北恩施】Many foreigners enjoys Chinese fashion, __________(especial) the Tang costume.

【2013哈尔滨中考1】The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around, ______ in winter. Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists. A. especially B. generally C. probably

15. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.我们的家乡在我们心中留下了很多亲切、甜蜜的回忆。【解析】memory 回忆；记忆→memorize v记忆，背诵lose one’s memory 失去记忆

have a good / bad memory 记忆力好/ 坏

These old photos bring me some sweet ___________________( memory).

16. consider仔细考虑【解析】consider v 考虑=think about consider doing sth 考虑做某事

【归纳记忆】后跟动名词的动词和短语：完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）考虑,建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）错过，习惯，放弃（miss, be used

to, give up ）继续，喜欢，介意（keep on, enjoy, mind）

①We are considering ________(make) a new study plan.

( ) ②It’s too bright and sunny. Why not ___ your sunglasses.?A. wear B. to wear C. wearing

( ) ③She is considering ___ abroad these days.A. go B. going C. to go D. goes

【2013 湖北黄冈】36. —I don’t know where to go this summer vacation.

—Why not _____ visiting Huanggang? There are many places of interest there.

A. suggest

B. wonder

C. consider

D. regard

17.in one’s opinion依……看【解析】介词短语，“据…看来；…认为” . 通常放在句首，用逗号把它和句子隔开，与介词短语according to …意义相近。______ （据我看来），students shouldn’t carry mobile phones at school.

18. But he also thinks some things never change ,and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood back.

但是，他也认为有些事情从未改变，他的家乡仍是那个能把他带回童年回忆的家乡。

【解析】hold (held; held) 拥有，抓住【短语】hold a sports meeting 举行一场运动会hold back 阻挡hold on 等等；别挂电话hold on to 坚持

( ) You have a good dream. Don’t give it up! A. Stop it B. Hold on to it C. Hold it back D. Don’t take it out 【2012安徽中考】—May I speak to Mr. Smith?_____ ,please. I’ll see if he is in.

A. Look out

B. Hold on

C. Keep up

D. Come on

19. Hey Eric, have you enjoyed your time in Beijing so far?嗨，埃里克，到目前为止你在北京玩的开心吗？

【解析】so far 到现在为止用于现在完成时中，它表示过去发生的动作延续到现在。

( ) Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he ____ in Shiyan for five years.

A. was teaching

B. has taught

C. will teach

D. taught

20. Everyone is so friendly. 每个人都是如此友善。

【解析】friend n 朋友→friendly adj. 有好的→friendship n 友谊(1) make friends 交朋友

(2) make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友(3)be friendly to 对….友好

【记】We are good __________. She is __________ to others. I believe our ___________will last forever. (friend) Most foreigners say that the people in Beijing are very __________(friend).

【2013湖北襄阳】—How are you getting along with your new classmates?Very well. They are all ___ me. A. afraid of B. friendly to C. angry with D. sorry for