高考英语语法填空考点分析与应对

高考英语语法填空（Rational Cloze）考点分析与解题技巧

语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、数词、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 考查各项语法内容。

Discuss with your group members about the following sentences, and try to figure out some similarities of the words we should fill in.

考点一：冠词

特点

1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]__________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (07惠州一模)

2. When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]________ shy , nervous perfectionist. (08深圳二模)

3. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away (07年广东)

[解题技巧]

下列情况很可能填不定冠词：

(1)________+可数名词(单数)；

(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。

下列情况下很可能填定冠词：

(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；

(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；

(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。

考点二：介词

特点：1

2.

3.

1. In short, I believe that it is [39]________ great use to keep a dairy in English… (07深二模)

2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. (08深圳一模)

3. She found some good quality pipes_________ sale. (09广东)

4. He was very tired _______________ doing this for a whole day…(08广东)

考点三：代词

特点：

1.

2.

3.

1. She remembered how difficult _________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. (08广东)

2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _____ . (07广东)

3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _____ want to say it again: a smile…(09江门二模)

考点四：连词或从句引导词

特点：1. 2.

1. It was not long [39]_________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. (07深圳一模)

2. But nothing changed until midterm, [39]_________ Mary Anne, a student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. (08深圳二模)

3. Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display.(09广东)

4. One day, he came up with an idea _____ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. (08广东)

[解题技巧]

(1)

(2)

考点五：谓语动词

特点：1 2

1. I was certain she would like it because I _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (07广州一模)

2. His fear of failure ________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (08深圳二模)

3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.(08广东)

考点六：非谓语动词

特点：1. 2.

1. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]________(receive) the gift. (07广州一模)

2. …I then noticed that I had ju st 10 minutes left ____________ (complete) the rest! (07广二模)

3. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her. (08深圳二模)

4. She wished that he was as easy _________ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.(09广东)

考点七：词性转换

特点：1 2

1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude). (07深圳一模)

2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. (08惠二模)

3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______ (nature) course. (08广东)

4. __________(doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still

a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation. (09汕头水平考试)

考点八：形容词的级

特点：

1

2

1.One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher… (07广州一模)

2. … We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt __________ (lonely) than I had expected that night. (2009届江门二模)

3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _________ (great) writers of our time.(双语报第3期)

归纳：

一．根据句子结构，确定词性

一般有提示词:动词、名词、形容词、副词

无提示词：冠词、介词、连词、代词

二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形

冠词：定冠词,不定冠词

代词：人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词

连词：并列句及复合句

介词：介词的常用用法及词组搭配

谓语动词：谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致

非谓语：非谓语动词to do, doing, done 及变形

词性变化：词汇, 构词法

解题四步走

提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据

1.通读全文,理解大意

2.分析句子,确定词性

3.根据语义, 确定词形

4.检查搭配, 前后连贯

Practice:

2009年广州调研 1

Long ago the Emperor decided to hold a swimming race between 13 different animals. The order in which they finished would decide the order of their 31 (appear) in the Chinese calendar. All the animals lined up on the river bank and 32 (give) the task of getting to the opposite shore. The cat wondered how he would get across 33 he was afraid of water. The ox worried how he would cross 34 his poor eyesight. The calculating rat suggested that he and the cat 35 (jump) onto the ox's back and guide

him across. The ox, steady and hard-working, did not notice the two animals on his back. In the meanwhile, the rat ran behind the unsuspecting cat and pushed 36 into the water. As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped off and finished the race first. 37 the rat got the first year 38 (name) after him and the ox got the second year. 39 the

lazy pig reached the finish line in the 12th place the race was over and he was awarded the final place on the calendar. From that day the cat, 40 never finished and lost his place on the calendar, became the enemy of the rat.

2

Cars are too expensive for many people around the world to own. Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads.

So 1 do people travel those distances that are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway or bus 2 you live, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people 3 (share) one bus or train, there is less traffic and, more 4 （importance）, less pollution.

Which of the types of mass transit 5 (describe) below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can hold dozens of people, imagine what a bus 6 (two) the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are known as double-deckers (cars with two floors).

Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. It’s not 7 (common) for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “tap-taps”, because the 8 (ride) on the roof tap（敲击）when they want to be dropped off.

Many large cities around the world take advantage of the space beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico City and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in other 9 (neighbor). Both the Japanese and French have developed High-speed trains to link various cities. While electric trains in North America average 130 kph, the French TGV (high-speed-train) is the world’s fastest, 10 (average) over 270 kph!

几点建议：

1. 对于文章，要熟悉语境。

2. 对于句子，要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。

3. 对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、语态、非谓语动词的用法以及词形变化。

4.对于名词、形容词、副词等，不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。

5. 对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词等不仅要理解它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们。

?不断记忆，积累词汇

?夯实基础，学好语法

?大声朗读，培养语感

?坚持不懈，多做练习