2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气[学生版]
![2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气[学生版]](https://img.360docs.net/img4e/02cfune1wvoztpc9dapt-e1.webp)
![2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气[学生版]](https://img.360docs.net/img4e/02cfune1wvoztpc9dapt-22.webp)
高考情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词表示说话人的语气和情绪，本身词义不全，不能单独作谓语，后面必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，有的情态动词有过去式。常见的情态动词有can, could, may, might, must, have to, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare等。
（一）can和could
1.表示体力或脑力(知识、技能)所产生的能力。
He could read books in English when he was only five.他只有五岁的时候就会读英文书籍了。
2.表示客观的可能性
Anybody can make mistakes.任何一个人都有可能犯错误。
3.表示请求建议，用could 比can语气更委婉 (回答用原形)
Could you be here at eight o’clock tomorrow morning?你可不可以明天上午8点钟来这儿呢？
4.表示允许、许可，用could 比can更委婉客气。
Could/Can I borrow your reference books?我可以借用一下你的参考书吗？
1.否定句、疑问句和感叹句中，表示怀疑、惊异、不相信的态度。
Can it be true? 难道这是真的？
You can't be serious!你怕不是在开玩笑吧！
Oh, dear, what on earth can this mean?哎呀，亲爱的，这究竟是意味着什么？
2.表示“经过努力后终于能……”用be able to
The fire spread the building quickly but everybody was able to escape.
大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼，但大家都逃了出来。
注意：be able to比can有更多的形式变化
When he grows up, he will be able to support his family.他长大后就能养家了。
Frank is ill. He hasn't been able to go to school for one week.弗兰克病了，已经一周没去上学了。
I'm sorry for not being able to help you in time.对不起，不能及时帮你的忙。
3.惯用形式“can not (can't)…too/over/enough”。表示“无论怎么……也不(过分)”，用来加强语气
You can not be too careful.你无论怎么小心都不为过（你越小心越好）。
4.can not but do sth. 不得不；只好。
I couldn’t but choose to wait.我只好选择等待。
（二）may和might
1.表示允许、请求。
“Might I…？”比“May I…？”语气更为委婉和有礼貌。对于“Might I …？”的回答用“… may”；
“May I …？”的否定回答常用“… mustn’t / can’t”
— May I watch TV after supper? 晚饭后我可以看电视吗？
— Yes, you may.可以。
或No, you may not.不，不可以。
或You mustn't.绝对不可以。
2.表示可能性，表示“或许”，“大概”。用于肯定句或否定句中，用might 比may语气更加不肯定。
He may be very busy these days.这些天也许他很忙。
He might come tomorrow.明天他也许要来的。
1.惯用形式may (might)as well＋动词原形：不妨做……
If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况是这样的话，我们不妨试试看。
2.表示祝愿may而不用might。采用部分倒装语序：may＋主语＋动词原形＋……！
May the friendship between our two peoples last forever! 祝愿我们两个民族的友谊源远流长！
3.may或might可和as well连用，表示“建议”，译为“还是……的为好”
You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。
（三）must和have to
1.must 表示“必须”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是must not/mustn’t，表示“禁止、不准”。
Everybody must obey the rules. 人人都得遵守规则。
You mustn't speak like that to your mother. 不准你那样对你母亲说话。
— Must I be home before eight o'clock? 八点之前我必须回家吗？
— Yes, you must.是的，必须的。
— No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.不，没必要/不必啦。
2.must表示有把握的推测，意为“一定，肯定”，用于肯定句中。
You must be hungry after the long walk.跑了这么远的路，你一定是饿了。
Home cooking must be more delicious.家常菜一定更可口。
3.have to表示“必须，不得不”，着重强调客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去式和将来式)。The students today will have to know how to use computers.现在的学生必须懂得如何使用电脑。
As he had his leg broken, he had to lie in bed.由于腿断了，他不得不躺在床上。
1.must还表示主语主观的坚持，有“偏偏，偏要，一定要”之意
If you must know how old I am, I tell you that I’m twice my son’s age.
如果你一定要知道我多大年龄的话，我告诉你我是儿子年龄的两倍。
2.must表示推测时的否定式是“can’t”翻译为“不可能”
Michael ______be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. ne edn’t
B. can’t
C. wouldn’t
D. mustn’t
（四）will和would
1.用于各种人称，表示意愿或决心。will指现在，would则指过去
I will do my best to help you.我愿意尽力帮助你。
They said that they would help us.他们说他们愿意尽力帮助我们。
2.用于第二人称的疑问句中表示有礼貌的询问和请求，would 比will更委婉。其回答用“will”
—Would you pass me the book?请把那本书递给我，好吗？
—Yes, I will.好的。
Will you please give him a message when you see him? 你见到他时给他带个口信，好吗？
3.表示习惯性、经常性、倾向性，意为“总是”，“惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。Fish will die without water.鱼儿离开了水会死亡的。
He would come to see me on Sunday when he was in Beijing.他在北京的时候，每逢星期日他常来看我。
The wound would not heal.伤口老是不能愈合。
would 与used to 的区别：
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4217007205.html,ed to表示过去的某种习惯，现在已经没那样的习惯了；would 表示过去有某种习惯，不与现在对比
We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. (过去会这样，不与现在对比) We used to sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. (过去是这样的，但现在不这样了)
2.表示过去的状态，只能用used to，不能用would
There used to be a park here.这儿过去有个公园。（言下之意：现在没有了）
（五）shall, should和ought to
1.shall用于第一、第三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示征求对方（听话者）的意见
What shall we do this evening? 我们今天晚上做什么呢？
Shall he come in? 他可以进来吗？
2.should 表示“应该”，表义务，责任，也可表示劝告，建议
You should keep your promise.你应该信守诺言。
3.should表示按常规、常理推测，意为“可能”或“应该”
They should arrive by one o’clock.到了一点钟，他们该回来了。
4.提出意见、请求、建议时，可用should表示委婉、谦逊的语气，意为“可”，“倒是”
I should think you are mistaken.我倒是认为你弄错了。
5.ought to表示责任和义务，意为“应该”，语气比should强；还可表推测
You ought to obey your parents when they are right.父母亲对的时候，你就该服从他们。You have practiced for a long time. There ought to be no difficulty for you.
你练了那么长时间了，对你来说，应该没有什么困难了。
1.shall用于第二、三人称表示“警告、命令、允诺、威胁”等
You shall fa il if you don’t work harder.你不更加努力工作，你就不会成功。（警告）
You shall have the book when I finish reading.我读完了，你就可以拿走这本书。（允诺）
He shall be punished.他一定会遭到惩罚。（威胁）
2.Why/How ＋should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解、感到意外、惊异等意思，意为“竟会”。Why should you be so late? 你今天来得怎么这么晚？
How should I know? 我怎会知道！(意为：我不知道。)
(六)need
need作情态动词表示“需要”，“必要”。通常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中，且只有现在时，其他
时态用“have to”的相应形式代替
You needn't come tomorrow. 你明天没必要来了。
— Need he come now? 他现在就需要来吗？
— Yes, he must. 是的，必须来。/ No, he needn't / he doesn't have to.不必啦。
1.“Must…？”一般疑问句的否定回答要用：No, …needn't.
— Must I finish my homework now? 我现在就必须把作业做完了？
— No, you needn’t.不，不必啦.
2.need还可以用作行为动词，其变化和一般的动词相同。若主语为动作承受者时用动词主动形式表示被动意义或用不定式的被动形式。
We need to have a rest.我们需要休息一下。
The house needs repairing.=The house needs to be repaired.这栋房子需要修理。
(七)dare
dare作情态动词表示“敢于”，用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
She dare not go there.她不敢去那儿。
How dare he do such a thing? 他怎么敢做重要的事呢？
If he dare come, I will kick him out. 如果他胆敢来，我就把他踢出去。
1.惯用短语“I dare say”意为“我敢说、我想、或许”。
I dare say he is right.我敢说他是对的。
2.dare还可以用作行为动词，其变化与一般动词相同。
The girl didn't dare to go home.那个女孩不敢回家。
Do you dare to jump into the ocean? 跳进海洋里，你敢吗？
【注意】在否定句中时，dare后的“to＋动词原形”可以省略to。
I don't dare (to) ask her. 我不敢问她。
(八) can ,may ,must皆可用来表示推测
1.在肯定句中都可以用来表示可能。在含义上“must”语气最肯定，“may”表示的是事实上的可能性。
2.在否定句中只能用“can和may”。所以“can’t”（不可能）语气比“may not”（可能不、也许不）更强。
3.在疑问句中只能用“can”，不能用“may和must”。
①Peter ______come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. will
②Mary is in poor health. She can be ill at any times.
Michael ______b e a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. should
D. may
③He may be very busy now. → Can he be very busy now?
He must be very busy now. → Can he be very busy now?
④They can’t be cleaning the room now. 他们现在不可能在打扫房间。
注意：could ,might 表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can ,may。
(九)情态动词+have done的用法
1.could+have done：过去本可以做而实际上未能做
You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.你本来能做得更好的，但你没有尽力。
2.cannot+have done：表示对过去行为的否定推测
He cannot have been to that town.他不可能去过那个小镇。
3.can+主语+have done：（用于疑问句）表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定
Can he have got the book?他可能得到那本书了吗？
4.might(may)+ have done：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测
He may not have finished the work.他可能没有完成工作。
If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.
如果我们走另一条路，我们可能更早地到达了。
5.must+have done：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。其否定式为：cannot have done
You must have seen the film.你肯定看过那部电影。
You cannot have seen the film.你不可能看过那部电影。
6.needn’t+have done：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了
You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本没必要浇花的，因为就要下雨了。
注意：didn’t nee d to(have to)do :没有必要做而实际上也没有做
I didn’t need to clean the windows. My sister did it 2 hours ago.我没必要擦窗户。我姐姐两小时前刚擦过。
7.should(ought to)+ have done：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。
其否定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。
You should have started earlier, but you didn’t.你应该早点开始的，但是你没有。
She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.
他本不应该拿走我的字典的，因为我现在需要它。
（一）“if”虚拟条件句
注意：从句中的should可用于各种人称，且不可以被would所代替。
If he were here, he would help us.如果他在这里，他会帮助我们的。
If I had been free at that time, I would have visited you.如果那时我有空的话，我就拜访你了。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去野营。（二）省略“if”的虚拟条件句
将虚拟条件从句中的“were，had，should”放到主语之前，构成部分倒装
Should he come, tell him to ring me up.如果他来，告诉他让他给我打电话。
Were I you, I would not do it.如果我是你，我就不做。
Had I been free, I would have visited you.如果我有空的话，我就拜访你了。
（三）混合虚拟条件句
1.不同时间的虚拟，遵守相应的规则
If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.
要是他听了我的话，现在就不会有麻烦了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）If he had told me yesterday, I should know what to do now.
要是他昨天告诉我了，我就知道现在做什么了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）
If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.
如果我是你，我就去参加他的生日聚会了。（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）2.虚拟与陈述的混合，遵守相应的规则
He could have passed the exam, but he wasn’t careful enough. 他本来能通过考试的，但他不够细心。
You should have come earlier. The bus left a moment ago. 你应该早一点来的，汽车刚走一会儿。
（四）含蓄虚拟条件句：即不用“if”而用其它形式给出虚拟条件
1.用“but for+名词”表示虚拟条件
—Did you make it at last? 你们最后成功了吗？
—Yes. But for your help, it would have caused a serious loss.成功了，要不是你的帮助，我
们的损失就大了。
2.用“without+名词”表示虚拟条件
Without electricity, human life would be quite different today.
如果没有电的话，人类今天的生活就会大为不同。
3.用“动词不定式”表示虚拟条件
It would be only partly right to follow in this way. 如果这样做，仅仅对了一半。
4.用“现在分词”表示虚拟条件
Having known in time ,we might have prevented the accident.
要是及时得知的话，我们也许能阻止这场事故。
5.用“过去分词”表示虚拟条件
Given more attention, the tree could have grown better.如果多留心的话，这树本来可以长的更好。
6.用“副词otherwise”表示虚拟条件
I was too busy at that time. Otherwise, I would have called you.我当时太忙，否则我就给你打电话了。
7.用“连词but连接的句子”表示隐含的虚拟条件
He _________fatter but he eats too little.
A. would become
B. would have become
C. must become
D. must have become 【解析】答案为A。从后句“但是他吃得太少”来看，隐含着虚拟即：如果他吃得多点，就会胖些了。
（五）特殊句式虚拟结构
1.suggest, order, propose, request, require, demand, advise, insist+ 宾语从句(should )do
He suggested that we (should)not change our mind.他建议我们不要改变主意。
He insisted that he (should) go to work in the south.他坚持要到南方去工作。
注意：当suggest表示暗示，insist表示坚持观点，事实时，后接的宾语从句应当用真实语气。
His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.他的沉默说明了他同意我的决定。
He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people’s health.他坚持认为做早操对人的身体有益。
2.It is suggeste d/advised/ordered/requested/required…+ that从句(should) do
It is suggested that more students should go to university.有人建议应该有更多的学生去上大学。
3.My advice/suggestion/request/requirement/order/proposal…+ is +表语从句(should)do
My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible.
我的建议是有应该尽可能多地练习说英语。
4.His suggestion/advice/request/requirement…+ 同位语从句(should )do+ is..
The request that they should get more is reasonable.他们得到更多的要求是合理的。
5.It is natural/necessary/strange +that从句(should) do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。
It’s strange that he should have missed the train. 真奇怪，这样的一个人竟然是我们的朋友。（表竟然）
It is important that we should learn from others.重要的是我们理应向他人学习。（表理应如
此）
It is a pity that he should not go with us.真遗憾，他不肯跟我们一起走。(表惋惜)
6.wish + that clause (did/were 与现在相反)
wish + that clause (would/could/might + do与将来相反)
wish + that clause ( had done 与过去相反)
I wish I were a doctor. 我希望我是个医生就好了。(现在)
I wish that the rain would stop. 我希望雨能停下来。(将来)
I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it. 我希望他不要把事情搞大了。(过去)
7.It is (high) time + 从句(did或should do )
It is (high) time we went/should go home.我们真该回家了。
8.would rather + 从句(did 与现在或将来相反)；（had done 与过去相反）
I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你现在呆在家里。
I would rather you hadn’t told her the news.我宁愿你没有把这个消息告诉她。
9.省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知
①省去条件从句
You could have washed your clothes yourself. 你本可以自已洗衣服的。
（省去了“If you had wanted to”，事实是：你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗。）
②省去主句(常用以表示愿望)If only + 从句( did/were与现在相反)/
(would/could/might + do与将来相反) /( had done 与过去相反) “要是……就好了”
If my grandmother were with me! 如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊!(事实是:祖母已不在世了。)
If only she had not left! 如果她没走就好了!(事实是:她已经走了。)
If only he would come tomorrow!要是他明天能来该多好啊！
注意：only if是“只要”的意思，从句中用陈述语气。
10.as if +从句(did/were 与现在相反) / (would/could/might + do与将来相
反)/( had done 与过去相反)
I’ve loved you as if you were my relative.我一直爱你仿佛你是我的亲人。
They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈起来就像是处了多年的朋友。
注意：“as if/as though”引导的状语从句中也可以用陈述语气：当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时：
It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。
He talks as if he is drunk. 从他谈话的样子来看他似乎是喝醉了。
（一）情态动词
▲
①If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. can’t
D. might not
【解析】
②The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it
_________be very slow.
A. should
B. must
C. will
D. can
【解析】
③We hope that as many people as possible join us for the picnic tomorrow.
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. can
【解析】
▲
Helen _______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.
A. shall
B. must
C. may
D. can
【解析】
▲
①—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will
B. may
C. have to
D. should
【解析】
②There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the
driving school.
A. mustn’t
B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
【解析】
▲
①—What’s the name?
—Khulaifi.
—_______I spell that for you?
A. Shall
B. Would
C. Can
D. Might
【解析】
②一What does the sign over there read?
一No person ________smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.
A. will
B. may
C. shall
D. must
【解析】
▲
①In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you___ take care of your luggage.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
【解析】
②—Could I have a word with you, mum?
—Oh dear, if you _______.
A. can
B. must
C. may
D. should
【解析】
▲
①—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—You _______do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to
B. oughtn’t to
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
【解析】
②Some aspects of a p ilot’s job _______be boring, and pilots often ________work at convenient hours.
A. can; have to
B. may; can
C. have to; may
D. ought to; must
【解析】
①You be hungry already— you had lunch only two hours ago!
A. wouldn’t
B. can’t
C. must n’t
D. needn’t
【解析】
②There’s no light on—they ______be at home.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
【解析】
③—I’ve take someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—It _____ Harry’s. He always wears green.
A. has to be
B. will be
C.mustn’t be
D. could be
【解析】
①The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A. should have taken
B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken
D. mustn’t have taken
【解析】
②As you worked late yesterday, you ______have come this morning.
A. mayn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. needn’t
【解析】
③I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there.
A. could
B. must
C. might
D. should
【解析】
④—I’m sorry. I ________at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout
B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout
D. mustn’t have shouted
【解析】
⑤—Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
—Great! You ______read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must
B. should
C. must have
D. should have
【解析】
⑥He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
B. must
C. wouldn’t
D. can’t
【解析】
⑦—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—You it in the wrong place.
A. must put
B. should have put
C. might put
D. might have put
【解析】
⑧She have left school, for her bike is still here.
A. can’t
B. wouldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
【解析】
⑨Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we it without you.
A. can manage
B. could have managed
C. could manage
D. can have managed
【解析】
⑩He paid for a seat, when he _________ have entered free.
A. could
B. would
C. must
D. need
【解析】
（二）虚拟语气
①If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier.
A. will be
B. would have been
C. could have been
D. would be 【解析】
②________he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.
A. If
B. Since
C. Though
D. When 【解析】
③If it _______ tomorrow, we________ put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. rains; would have had to
B. were to rain; will have to
C. should rain; would have to
D. rained; should have had to
【解析】
特别注意省略“if”的虚拟条件句
④________fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A. Would you be
B. Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
【解析】
⑤______for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A. If it is not
B. Were it not
C. Had it not been
D. If they were not
【解析】
If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what________in science and technology.
A. had discovered
B. had been discovered
C. has discovered
D. has been discovered
【解析】
①They ________two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go.
A. had got
B. got
C. have got
D. get
【解析】
②But for the Party, he _______ of hunger 30 years ago.
A. would have died
B. must have died
C. would die
D. died
【解析】
③Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night__, too cold for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold
B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold
D. can freeze coldly
【解析】
④Having known earlier, we __________such a thing from happening again.
A. would stopped
B. should have stopped
C. would have stopped
D. need have stopped
【解析】
⑤— He _________ in the experiment last time. — Luckily he followed your advice.
A. failed
B. was failing
C. might have failed
D. would have failed
【解析】
①Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it________ yesterday.
A. was happening
B. happens
C. has happened
D. happened 【解析】
②—I’m going to see the victim’s brother.
—I’d rather you__________________.
A. didn’t
B. do not
C. don’t
D. do
【解析】
③—Don’t you think it necessary that he _______to Miami but to New York?
—I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
【解析】
④I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.
A. hadn’t
B. didn’t have had
C. hadn’t had
D. hadn’t have
【解析】
2009年
1. (全国卷I)What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelve
A. should
B. would
C. will
D. shall
【答案】
【解析】
2. (全国卷II) I can’t leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.
A. can
B. must
C. will
D. may
【答案】
【解析】
3. (北京卷) One of the few things you ___ say about English people with certainty is that they
talk a lot about the weather.
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. can
【答案】
【解析】
4.（上海卷）It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may
B. can
C. must
D. should 【答案】
【解析】
5.This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
【答案】
【解析】
6.（重庆卷）—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?
—She in the classroom. I saw her there just now.
A. shall be
B. should have been
C. must be
D. might have been
【答案】
【解析】
7.（安徽卷）Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.
A. must
B. may
C. should
D. would
【答案】
【解析】
8.（安徽卷）But for their help，we the program in time.
A. can not finish
B. will not finish
C. had not finished
D. could not have finished
【答案】
【解析】
9.（福建卷）But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would have won 【答案】
【解析】
10.（湖南卷）—It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here.
— Oh, sorry.
A. must
B. will
C. may
D. need
【答案】
【解析】
11.（江苏卷）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A. could express
B. would express
C. could have expressed
D. must have expressed
【答案】
【解析】
12.（辽宁卷）The traffic is heavy this day, I arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?
A. can
B. must
C. need.
D. might 【答案】
【解析】
13.（四川卷）—I don’t care what people think. —Well, you _______
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. might 【答案】
【解析】
14.（浙江卷）The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t
B. couldn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
【答案】
【解析】
2010年
1.(全国I) Just be patient .You_____________ except the world to change so soon.
A. can’t
B. needn’t
C. may not
D. will not
【答案】
【解析】
2.(全国II) I’m afraid Mr.Harding ____ see you now . he’s busy.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
【答案】
【解析】
3.(安徽卷) Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man
A. would be
B. would have been
C. must be
D. must have been 【答案】
【解析】
4.(北京卷)—Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
—Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.
A. might
B. must
C. would
D. can
【答案】
【解析】
5.(北京卷)－T he weather has been very hot and dry.
－Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .
A. wouldn't die
B. didn't die
C. hadn't died
D. wouldn't have died
【答案】
【解析】
6.(福建卷)Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A. not allow
B. do not allow
C. mustn’t allow
D. couldn’t
allow
【答案】
【解析】
7.(湖南卷)If he __________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
A. followed
B. should follow
C. had followed
D. would follow
【答案】
【解析】
8.(湖南卷)You_________ buy a gift , but you can if you want to.
A. must
B. mustn’t
C. have to
D. don’t have to
【答案】
【解析】
9.(江苏卷)—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
—Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.
A. could
B. shall
C. must
D. may 【答案】
【解析】
10.(江苏卷)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.
A. focus
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had focused
【答案】
【解析】
11.(江西卷)I have told you the truth I keep repeating it?
A. Must
B. Can
C. May
D. Will
【答案】
【解析】
12.(辽宁卷)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.
A. can
B. will
C. must
D. may
【答案】
【解析】
13.(山东卷)I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A. shouldn’t
B. needn’t
C. couldn’t
D. mustn’t 【答案】
【解析】
14.(陕西卷)If we _ __ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take
B. had taken
C. took
D. have taken 【答案】
【解析】
15.(陕西卷)—May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No, you . You read it in here.
A. mightn’t
B. won’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t 【答案】
【解析】
16.(四川卷)—I take the book out?
—I'm afraid not.
A. Will
B. May
C. Must
D. Need
【答案】
【解析】
17.(天津卷)Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. couldn’t 【答案】
【解析】
18.(天津卷)－John went to the hospital alone.
－If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell
B. tells
C. told
D. had told 【答案】
【解析】
19.(重庆卷)You park here! It’s an emergency exit.
A. wouldn’t
B. needn’t
C. couldn’t
D. mustn’t 【答案】
【解析】
20.(浙江卷)“You ____ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.”
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. would 【答案】
【解析】
21.(浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy
__ .
A. would have been saved
B. had been saved
C. will be saved
D. was saved
【答案】
【解析】
22.(上海卷)－Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
－Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
A. must
B. mustn't
C. should
D. shouldn't
【答案】
【解析】
2011年
1.(新课标卷) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A. will
B. can
C. must
D. should
【答案】
【解析】
2.(大纲卷) If you smoke, please go outside.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may
【答案】
【解析】
3.（北京卷）—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not
B. need not
C. would not
D. might not
【答案】
【解析】
4.（北京卷）—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they always late.
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been
【答案】
【解析】
5. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
【答案】
【解析】
6.（天津卷）I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come
B. was coming
C. would come
D. would have come
【答案】
【解析】
7.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. daren’t
D. needn’t
【答案】
【解析】
8.（江苏卷）—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. —How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen
B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen
D. must have stolen
【答案】
【解析】
9.（福建卷）—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .
A. will
B. must
C. may
D. can
【答案】
【解析】
10.（福建卷）—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
—I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. would attend
D. would have attended
【答案】
【解析】
11.（安徽卷）—What do you think of store shopping in the future?
—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _______.
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
【解析】
12.（浙江卷）—How’s your new babysitter?
—We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should
B. might
C. mustn’t
D. couldn’t 【答案】
【解析】
13.（四川卷）The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. should 【答案】
【解析】
14.（重庆卷）—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
— I wanted to ,but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.
A. could
B. might
C. would
D. should
【答案】
【解析】
15.（陕西卷）I________ through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone
B. didn’t go
C. wouldn’t go
D. hadn’t gone
【答案】
【解析】
16.（陕西卷）—Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
—OK. You________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might
B. must
C. could
D. shall 【答案】
【解析】
17.（湖南卷）No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
A. can
B. need
C. must
D. might
【答案】
【解析】
18.(辽宁卷) If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will 【答案】
【解析】
19.（江西卷）It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. won’t
D. needn’t
【答案】
【解析】
20.（江西卷）We _____John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A. will put
B. will have put
C. would put
D. would have put
【解析】
1.—Why didn’t Alex attend the party yesterday evening?
—He ________not have wanted to see me.
A. should
B. might
C. could
D. would
【答案】
【解析】
2. —May I tell this to my close friend?
—No, you ________.Never let anybody else know about it.
A. needn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. can’t 【答案】
【解析】
3.—Mum, I am feeling tired and sleepy now.
—You ________so late last night.
A. couldn’t have stayed up
B. mustn’t have stayed up
C. shouldn’t have stayed up
D. needn’t have stayed up
【答案】
【解析】
4. Shopping online can save much time as you ________go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.
A. don’t have to
B. oughtn’t to
C. won’t
D. mustn’t
【答案】
【解析】
5.—Everyone in my class passed the exam.
—Oh, really？It ________difficult.
A. can’t have been
B. needn’t have been
C. must be
D. mightn’t be
【答案】
【解析】
6.—Did you punish him for losing your digital camera?
—Yes, but I don’t think I________.
A. should do that
B. need to have done so
C. ought have done that
D. should have done so
【答案】
【解析】
7.It ________be really cold in November in Hefei though we usually have warm and sunny days.
A. should
B. will
C. must
D. can 【答案】
【解析】
8.The well-dressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop. Strangely enough, she ________have done such a thing.
A. would
B. must
C. should
D. might
【答案】
【解析】
9.—Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class.
—Really？She ________have studied very hard.
A. may
B. ought to
C.must
D. should
【答案】
【解析】
10.Don’t play with the dog, Jack, for it ________be dangerous at times.
A. shall
B. should
C. can
D. must 【答案】
【解析】
11. The purpose of education ________ be to provide students with a value system—not to
prepare them for a specific job.
A. will
B. should
C. could
D. may 【答案】
【解析】
12.—Where is Lucy?
—I can’t say where she is, but she ________have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may 【答案】
【解析】
13.—Mum, would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation, you ________have one as a reward.
A. must
B. need
C. would
D. shall 【答案】
【解析】
14.If human beings had been a bit less greedy and cruel, more birds and animals ________dying out.
A. ought to avoid
B. could have been avoided
C. should have avoided
D. might have avoided
【答案】
【解析】
15.________anyone call, please tell him I’m not free.
A. Must
B. Can
C. May
D. Should
【答案】
【解析】
16.If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get d ressed, we ________there by now.
A. would be
B. are
C. have been
D. had been
【答案】
【解析】
17.—I didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.
—I________, either, if my mother hadn’t reminded me.
A. wouldn’t
B. wouldn’t have
C. didn’t
D. hadn’t
【答案】
【解析】
18. Without the help of my English teacher, I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A. would win
B. would have won
C. would not win
D. would not have won
【答案】
【解析】
情态动词和虚拟语气在高考大纲中的要求是学习资料
情态动词与虚拟语气 (1)情态动词的基本用法：①can与be able to的区别；②must与have to的区别；③shall的用法；④should的用法；⑤used to与would的用法；⑥may与might 的用法；⑦need与dare的用法； (2)情态动词表推测：①对现在和将来情况的推测；②对过去情况的推测； (3)虚拟语气的用法：①条件从句及含蓄条件引出的虚拟语气(but for, without, otherwise等)；②wish后跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气；③if only, as if/though, would rather, It's high time后跟从句中的虚拟语气；④表示“建议，要求，命令，坚持”等词后跟从句中的虚拟语气。 注意几个考点： must“非得，偏要”, 用于疑问句或条件从句中； shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等； should“竟然” cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”；“越……越好” May you succeed！祝你成功！ may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如” must强调主观方面的必须否定形式是needn't/don't have to have to表示“不得不，必须”，强调客观因素所迫而必须去做的事情 would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义 ※shall的用法 (1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 Shall I go out for a walk after supper? 晚饭后我可以散散步吗？ (2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁，或用于正式法律、条规中。 —Will you read me a story, Mummy? —OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.[摘自2011·陕西高考] ——妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？ ——好的，如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。 ※should的用法 (1)表示一种“义务或职责”，通常理解为“应该”。 You should take the medicine with a full glass of water. 你应该用满满一杯水来服这种药。 (2)表示惊奇、赞叹、不满等情绪。 It never occurred to me that she should lie to me again. 我从来没有想到她竟然又骗我。
高中英语情态动词与虚拟语气
情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会……吗？ would 可能性较will小不会、不该（较won’t弱）会……吗？（较will弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t同义）有可能吗？（较can弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may弱）可能不（较may not弱） 注意→（1）may，must常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。
2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)
2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式 一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were/did was/were done 现在完成时has/have done has/have been done 现在完成进行 时 has/have been doing/ 现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时had done had been done 将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done 一般将来时will/shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to do will/shall be done am/is/are to be done 过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to do would be done was/were to be done 将来进行时will/shall be doing/ 考点1一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空： ①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)． ③My train________(leave)at6：30. ④A snow________(expect)to come next week. ⑤Here________(come)the bus. ⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well. ⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me. ⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃. 考点2一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强
高中英语情态动词精讲与解析
高中英语情态动词精讲与解析 概说 助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能： 1）构成否定式： He didn't go and neither did she. The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock. 2）构成疑问式或附加疑问式： Must you leave right now? You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you? 3）构成修辞倒装： Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 4）代替限定动词词组： A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle? B: Tom can. A: Shall I write to him? B: Yes, do. 情态助动词的特征 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought
高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点
情态动词与虚拟语气 常考考点一情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟
1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horrible dreams. A.Shouldn’t ’t ’t ’t 2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. ’t ’t ’t ’t , Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday. -----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. 、 ’t ’t
have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. 5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. express B. would express have expressed have expressed 6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day. ------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself. ’t shout ’t have shouted is my dictionary I remember I put it here yesterday. # -------You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put put have put 8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. have taken have taken ’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning. ’t ’t ’t ’t did you do on the driving test ---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous. do have done ’t have done D. should do
最高考2016届高考英语语法精讲精练专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点
实用标准文案 文档大全专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点 近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。 1 情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法 ①表示能力。如： I can run fast. ②表示客观可能性。如： An experienced driver can have an accident at times. ③表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如： —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如：Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 2. may和might的用法 ①表示许可。如： You may drive the car. —May/Might I use your pen? —No，you mustn't. ②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! ③表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。如： He may be very busy now. ④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如： No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up. 3. will 和would的用法 ①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如： I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen. ②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open? ③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。如： She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. He would get up early when
高考英语情态动词讲解
高考英语情态动词讲解Newly compiled on November 23, 2020
（一）情态动词常考点 （一）表能力 如：I am starving to death。I can eat two bowls of rice now。 （现在的能力）我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem。 （将来的能力）如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out。 （过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事）尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都能够逃出去。 I could have worked out the problem，but I didn’t。 （过去有能力做但未做）我本来可以解决这个问题，但没有解决。 （二）表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。如： Accident can happen on such rainy days。 这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。（客观的可能性） Peter may come with us tonight，but he isn’t sure yet。 彼得今晚可能和我们来，但他还没确定。（实际可能性，不用can） 2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （1）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次比较
2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 含答案
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气 1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢.结合句意，故选C. 【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析 【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境. 2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it. A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信.根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟.所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D. 【考点定位】虚拟语气 【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气. 3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.d idn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句
情态动词虚拟语气练习及答案
@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练名词性从句之高考真题精选(3)
名词性从句之高考真题精选（3） 1. Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what 2. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What 3. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do__________ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 5. I want to be liked and loved for __________I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 6. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 7. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _________it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 8. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not good enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which 9. The how to book can be of help to ________wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 10. Could I speak to ________is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 11. __________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. whichever 12. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which 13. Having checked the doors were closed, and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. A. why B. that C. when D. where
高考英语语法专题精讲精练-定语从句
语法专题一：定语从句 1. 定语从句的几个基本概念： 1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名次或代词，通常位于定从的前面。 2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。 3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。 作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。 作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略； 指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。 注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。 作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。 作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。 4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦 可用介词+which替代。 所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。 5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。 (1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。 (2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。 (3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。 (4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。 注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。 2. 一些特殊用法： 1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况： (1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very等修饰时； (2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时； (3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时； (4) 先行词既有人又有物时； (5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。 2) 一般只用which引导从句的情况： (1) 引导非限制性定语从句，指前面的某名词或它前面的整个主句时； (2) 引导介词、介词短语提前的定语从句时； (3）当先行词为集体名词时，着眼于整体，用which；着眼于各个成员，用who； (4) 替代某些固定短语中的指示代词，如this, that等, 引导定从。 3) 由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况： (1) as引导非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句的内容，和which引导定语从句代替整个 句子的区别是：which不能放在句首，而as则可以；在句中，as有“正如”、“就象” 之意，而which则没有此意； (2）当先行词前有the same，such修饰时，或在“so / as…as”结构中，表示“那样…… 以致”，后用关系代词as引导限制性定语从句； (3) 在such…as结构中，as为关系代词，替代先行词，引导的是定语从句；在such…that 结构中，that为连词，引导的是一个完整的结果状语从句。
【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气 (含详细解析)
百度文库版权所有，侵权必究 【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气 2014全国高考汇编之虚拟语气+情态动词 一（2014安徽卷）30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past. A. had thrown B. will be throwing C. were throwing D. would have thrown 【考点】考察情态动词用法 【答案】D 【解析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推测。如果不适应情态动词，可以使用一般过去时threw。故D正确。 【举一反三】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 【答案】D 【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。 【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。 二（2014北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long. A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should 【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析 【答案】A 【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许。如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。 三（2014北京卷）34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map. A. are B. were C. will be D. would be 【考点】考察虚拟语气 【答案】D 【解析】本题考察的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中使用“一般过去时/were”，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果你没有把地图丢了，我们现在就会在宾馆里了。根据从句的did可知本句是与现在事实相反，故D正确。 【试题延伸】条件句的虚拟语气是考查的重点。如果过去事实相反，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句使用“情态动词+have done”;如果主句与现在事实相反，条件句中使用过去时，be动词使用were,主句中使用“情态动词+动词原形”；如果与将来事实相反，条件句中有三种：过去时；were to do ;should+动词原形，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”；要特别注意如果省略了if，句子要使用部分倒装的形式，把助动词，be动词，情态动词提之主语前。 【举一反三】Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often. A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练情态动词之高考真题精选(3)
情态动词之高考真题精选（3） 1. He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he __________be quite charming when he wishes. A. shall B. should C. can D. must 2. Traveling by subway __________sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour. A. must B. can C. shall D. should 3. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t 4. Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago. A. would have been B. might have been C. shouldn't have been D. couldn't have been 5. I __________my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. A. should pass B. could have passed C. had passed D. must have passed 6. Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _________ just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would 7. We _________have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. needn't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 8. It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another. A. could B. would C. should D. might 9. According to the air traffic rules, you _______ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should
高考英语情态动词讲解
（一） 情态动词常考点 （一） 表能力 can be able to will be able to could was/ were able to could have + ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?表示现在的能力 ：表示将来的能力 表示过去的能力 过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 如：I am starving to death 。I can eat two bowls of rice now 。 （现在的能力）我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep ，you will be able to work out this problem 。 （将来的能力）如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out 。 （过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事）尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都能够逃出 去。 I could have worked out the problem ，but I didn ’t 。 （过去有能力做但未做）我本来可以解决这个问题，但没有解决。 （二） 表推测（可能性） 1. 可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can 一般不用于肯定句。如： Accident can happen on such rainy days 。 这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。（客观的可能性） Peter may come with us tonight ，but he isn ’t sure yet 。 彼得今晚可能和我们来，但他还没确定。（实际可能性，不用can ） 2. 表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （1）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次比较 （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may ，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can 常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。如： This can ’t/ couldn ’t be done by him 。（表不相信） 这不可能是他做的。 This may not be done by him 。（表不确定） 这可能不是他做的。 He could be on his way home now 。（could 不如may/ might 常用） 他现在可能在回家的路上。 Can this be done by him ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 这可能是他做的吗？ Mr. Bush is on time for everything 。How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 布什先生做每件事都很按时。他怎么可能在开幕仪式上迟到呢？ I didn ’t hear the phone 。I must have been asleep 。（表肯定） 我没听到电话。我肯定已经睡着了。 3. would ，could ，might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而是表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式。另外should 也不一定与过去时间有关。如： This may/ might be done by him 。（后者比前者语气弱）
情态动词和虚拟语气2018年高考英语答题技巧及练习
1．(2016·新课标Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 2．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)We must found ways to protect our environment. 3．(2015·四川)If you are me，would you talk to them? 1．(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005. 2．(2016·浙江，17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm. 3．(2016·北京，34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me，I could have helped. 4．(2015·北京，29)—Can't you stay a little longer? —It's getting late.I really ________go now.My daughter is home alone. 5．(2015·福建，27)—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again. —Oh，it's too bad.You ________have made full preparations. 6．(2015·陕西，23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ______(dance)as well as her. 7．(2015·天津，7)I ________ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 8．(2015·天津，13)I wish I ________(be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then. 9．(2015·重庆，12)You ________ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years. 10．(2014·湖南，25)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. —Do you mean we ________ not bring anything with us? 11．(2014·福建，32)______(be)there no modern telecommunications, we would