练习答案 unit 4 cultural encounters

练习答案 unit 4 cultural encounters
练习答案 unit 4 cultural encounters

Key to Unit 4

Page 68

I.

1.as long as, can never fail to be reached

2.no matter

3.fail to notice at great risk

4.may be described by these words to varying degrees

5.were directly confronted with the problems that something in one language cannot be rendered into another

II.

1.stepping stone;

2. at their peril;

3.serve;

4. mentality;

5. staple;

6. facilitating;

7. messaging;

8. hybrid.

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III

1. The country is trying to move from a centrally planned economy (economic) to one basically geared to the needs of the market.

2. There are no good roads in the area, so most of the ranches are only accessible (access) by jeep or other off-road vehicles.

3. The two approaches are so fundamentally (fundamental) different that it is surprising that they have both been successful.

4. They spent much time comforting the homesick (homesickness) children at the beginning of the summer camp.

5. We are looking for an experienced journalist to join the news teams. The salary is negotiable (negotiate).

6. The amount of any of these ingredients can be adjusted (adjustment) according to your taste.

7. The remoteness (remote) of the house was the only thing that made them hesitate about buying it.

8. He parked the car and smiled at her, complacently (complacent) assuming he had passed the test.

IV

1. D;

2. C;

3. A;

4. D;

5. B;

6. A;

7. B;

8. C.

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V

1. We live in an age of easy access to the rest of the world.

Synonym: time, era, epoch

2. Conferences and business meetings around the globe are held in English, regardless of whether anyone present is a native English speaker.

Synonym: meetings

3. English has simply become the language that facilitates communication, and for many people learning English is an essential stepping stone on the road to success.

Synonym: basic, fundamental

4. Different cultures are not simply groups of people who label the world differently; languages give us the means to shape our views of the world and languages are different from one another.

Antonym: misshape

5. Inevitably, the spread of English means that millions of people are adding another language to their own and are learning how to negotiate cultural and linguistic differences. Synonym: unavoidably

6. Why does the rise of English as a global language cause feelings of uneasiness for some of us? Synonym: worry, concern, anxiety

7. But even as more people become multilingual, so native English speakers are losing out, for they are becoming ever more monolingual, and hence increasingly unaware of the differences between cultures that languages reveal.

Synonym: therefore, so, thus

8. But even as more people become multilingual, so native English speakers are losing out, for they are becoming ever more monolingual, and hence increasingly unaware of the differences between cultures that languages reveal.

Antonym: hide, conceal

VI

1. unreliable unbelievable 5. maltreat malfunction

2. impatient imperfect 6.enrich enable

3. disapproval disagreement 7. surmount surpass

4. mistake misplace 8.subordinate submarine

Page 71

1. She’s a dietician — she __helps__ (help) people to choose the right food.

2. hope; are enjoying; sunbathe; go; are going.

3. is being.

4. The professor ____is typing____ (type) his own letters while his secretary is ill.

5. am not eating.

6. I __am reading___ (read) an interesting book at the moment. I’ll lend it to you when I’ve finished it.

7. are always leaving.

8. go; belongs; wants; is using.

9. is boiling.

10. is putting; is rewiring; is building.

II

1. is passing 改为 passes; is shooting改为shoots.

2. OK.

3. do…cry改为 are… crying.

4. OK.

5. am knowing改为know.

6. am gathering改为gather.

7. work改为am working.

8. do改为are; sneeze改为sneezing.

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III

thank; are dispatching; regret; have; are contacting; hear; enclose/are enclosing; decide; have; are listed; regret; hope; enclose/are enclosing.

IV

1. a. The speaker is complaining; b. The speaker gives a fact.

2. a. am considering; b. have the opinion.

3. a. It suggests a permanent nature; b. It suggests a temporary behaviour.

4. a. is taking care of; b. have no objection to.

5. a and b are approximately the same

6. a. am waiting for; b. believe.

Page 73

V

1. a large pair of red woolen socks

2. a powerful new white German car

3. a small grey rectangular Japanese radio

4. a big modern concrete office building

5. a medium size French stainless steel saucepan

6. a superb medieval rose-shaped stained-glass window

7. a prominent red triangular road sign

8. a tiny black and white Chinese dog

Page 74

I

1. 因此,你也许会问,为什么还有人会对这些绝妙的发展顾虑重重?为什么英语成为世界语言会让一部分人惴惴不安?

2.不同的文化并不仅仅是给世界贴上不同标签的人群;语言给了我们塑造世界观的工具,而语言又是不一样的。

3.当千百万人在学习文化沟通的时候,英语国家却越来越沾沾自喜,以为懂得英语就足够了,因而削减了外语课程。

4.最能推动这一进程的不一定是那些掌握了最新技术、拥有最先进手机的人,而是那些能够理解众多不同语言的言内之意、言下之意以及言外之意的人。

II

1.Children may swim here provided that they are accompanied by adults. 2.This American journalist made a fool of himself over his remarks about China, because he’s been out of touch with what’s been happening in the country in the

past three decades.

3.Every person has the right to education, regardless of his or her family background, sex and age.

4.因特网的发明尽管造成了一些问题,但是却极大地方便了我们生活中几乎所有方面,包括教育、医疗和贸易等。(facilitate)

The invention of the Internet, despite the fact that it has given rise to some problems, has greatly facilitated almost every aspect of our life, including education, medicine, and business.

5.您计划出国度假的时候,千万不要忽略购买旅行保险;否则万一发生什么意外,

您也许会有很大的麻烦。(overlook)

Never overlook your travel insurance when you are planning to spend your holiday abroad; otherwise you might find yourself in great trouble if any accident should occur.

6.在那部电影里,那个亿万富翁面临着两难选择——和妻子离婚,让她分走他半个金融帝国,或者冒着被警方发现的危险把她谋杀掉。(faced with)

In the movie that billionaire was faced with a dilemma — either divorces his wife, who would then carve out half of his financial empire, or murders her at the risk of being found out by the police.

7.As the husband lost his job in the financial crisis, the new couple had to cut down on a lot of things—furniture, clothes, records, books, and so on.

8.三十多年前,文革刚刚结束,邓小平告诉全国人民:中国唯一的出路就是改革开放。(lie in)

Over thirty years ago, right after the Cultural Revolution, Deng Xiaoping told the people that the only way out lay in reform and opening up to the outside world.

Page 75

I. Dictation

The main reason for the widespread demand for English / is its present-day importance as a world language. / Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, / English is a language / in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, / and not always by native speakers. / It is a language

of wider communication for a number of developing countries, / especially former British colonies. / Many of these countries have multi-lingual populations / and need a language

for internal communication / in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education / as well as for international communication / and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

II.

Languages are marvelously complex and wonderfully complicated organs of culture: they embody the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating within their respective culture. To learn a foreign language is to learn (1) another culture.

In the words of a poet and philosopher, “As (2) many languages as one speaks, so many lives one lives.” A culture and its (3) language are as inseparable as brain and body; (4) while

one is part of the other, neither can function (5) without the other. In learning a foreign language, the best (6) beginning is with the non-verbal linguistic elements of the language, its (7) gestures, its body language. Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact (8) leads to understanding, or, as the English maxim has it, seeing eye-to-eye. We can (9) never see eye-to-eye with a native speaker of English (10) until we have learned to look directly into his eyes.

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foundation 10. rob IV. 1. details 2. robbed 3. offended 4. polishing 5. identify 6. slight 7. instinct 8. attached 9. foundation 10. unusual V. 1.attached to 2. Looking through 3. hold dear 4. pulling into 5. face to face with 6. rather than 7. out of control 8. eaten away at 9. have mercy on 10. got to their feet VI. 1. G 2.H 3.J 4.L 5.O 6.A 7.C 8.M 9.D 10.E Sentence structure 1. They should have their pay increased. 2. I had my first book accepted for publication that year. 3. George had his papers taken form him at the police station 4. I had my wallet stolen while I was on holiday. 5. The couple are going to have their wedding photos enlarged at the store. VIII. 1. rather than to her daughter 2. rather than harm them 3. rather than leaving everything to the last minute 4. Rather than using the last of my cash

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Iisten and Respond Zooming In on the Details 1)endangered 2) threats 3) resource 4) diet 5) satisfy 6) harvested 7) declining 8) supplies 9) excessive 10) starvation Words in action 1. 1) disaster; 2) compelled; 3) historical; 4) disciplined; 5) destruction; 6) output; 7) retreat; 8) abandoned; 9) trace; 10) eternal; 11) investment; 12) transfer; 13) justify; 14) nonetheless; 15) contributions; 16) accelerate; 17) threaten. 2. 1) show signs of; 2) called upon; 3) off limits; 4) in fear of ; 5) slow down; 6) cut down; 7) from head to foot; 8) come by; 9) lost out; 10) As yet; 11) reside in. Increasing your word power 1. web+log; breakfast+lunch; medical+care; Motor+hotel; net+citizen; science+ fiction; Work+alcoholic. 2. 1) anthropology: the scientific study of the human race, especially of its origins, development, customs and beliefs; 2) archaeology;

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there was once a time when they were on the fringe of American political life. 虽然保守派今天在主流政治中占据主导地位,但曾经一度处于美国政治生活的边缘。 2.The World Health Organization (WHO) was established in 1948, and one of its first responsibilities then was to unify the separate international health-related treaties in a single code. 世界卫生组织(世卫组织)成立于1948年,当时它的首要职责之一是将单独的与卫生有关的国际条约统一为一个法典。 3.Because of over-hunting, the number of certain types of whales has been reduced so greatly that they are in danger of becoming extinct . 由于过度捕猎,某些种类的鲸鱼数量已经大大减少,它们有灭绝的危险。 4.The senator, who was against the war, claimed that with all the indefinite and complex economic and political factors, the outcome of the war was still uncertain. 这位反对这场战争的参议员声称,由于各种不确定和复杂的经济和政治因素,战争的结果仍然不确定。 5.Online shopping and other electronic services could well slash the number of entry-level jobs in the traditional retail sector. 在线购物和其他电子服务很可能会大幅削减传统零售业的入门级工作岗位。 6.The theater is equipped with a(n)intricate system of stage machinery to meet the demands of even the most complex show. 剧院配备了复杂的舞台机械系统,以满足即使是最复杂的演出要求。 7.On March 28, Yang, a famous singer in China, was there with thousands

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?Unit9 Chinese food ?IV. explain in your own words in the following sentences. ? 1.Food to us Chinese is one of the greatest joys in life: it is thought about before being prepared; it is treated with lots of love and care while being prepared; and when it is ready, a great deal of time is devoted to enjoying it. ? 2.The main reason for the sudden and tremendous popularity of Chinese food throughout the whole Western world lies in tow facts: one is the increased desire for sensual pleasures and freedom from age-old customs in the West; the other is the notion of physical pleasure provided by Chinese food which is always ready to satisfy the taste of the eater. ? ?I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. ?emotional strength to do what one believes to be right; ? 2.material used to produce power; sth. Used to keep the body functioning; ? 3. lower-class type; ? 4.a number of dishes that are served one after another in an orderly way;

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Unit 7课后练习题 I. 完形填空。(20分) Life is not easy,so I’d like to say “When anything happens ,believe in yourself.” When I was a young boy , I was 1 shy to talk to anyone.My classmates often 2 me. I was sad but could do nothing,Later, 3 happened,and it changed my life.It was an English speech contest.My mother asked me to 4 it .What a terrible idea!It meant I had to speak before all the teachers and students of my school. “Come on,boy.Believe in yourself.You are sure to 5 the contest.”The n mother and I talked about many different topics.At last I chose the topic “Believe in yourself.”I tried my best to remember all the speech and practiced it over 100 6 .With my mother’s great love,I did7 in the contest.I could hardly believe my ears when the news came that I had won the first place,I heard the cheers 8 the teachers and the students.Those classmates 9 once looked down on(看不起)me ,now all said “Congratulations!”to me.My mother hugged me and cried excitedly. Since then,everything has changed for me.When I do anything,I try to tell 10 to be sure and I will find myself.This is not only for a person but also for a country. ( ) 1.A.too B.so C.quite D.very ( ) 2.A.made faces at B.looked after C.caught up with https://www.360docs.net/doc/4d17576890.html,ughed at ( ) 3.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything ( ) 4.A.take part in B.join C.get D.make ( ) 5.A.lose B.win C.pass D.beat ( ) 6.A.words B.topics C.times D.sentences ( ) 7.A.well B.good C.bad D.interested ( ) 8.A.for B.at C.from D.to ( ) 9.A.when B.what C.which D.who ( ) 10.A.someone B.me C.everything D.myself II. 阅读理解。(10分) Many parents like setting family rules for their kids. When kids break rules, parents will give them some punishment(惩罚),which aren’t included in rules. In fact, when you tell your kids about a new rule, you should talk with them about the price for breaking the rule. Punishments you set should be reasonable, without violence or threat(暴力或威胁). For example, if you find your son smoking, you may limit(限制)his social activities for two weeks. You should punish your kids only in ways you have discussed before the rule is broken. A study shows that the most popular punishment is to limit kids’ TV time. It’s understandable that you’ll be angry when rules are broken. Punishment is a way to express your anger, but it’s not a very good one. Sharing your feelings of anger, disappointment(失望)or sadness with your kids can have a better effect(效果)on them. Try to do that. When your kids know what they have done had made you sad, they will feel guilty. When they know their actions influence you greatly, they will obey rules better.

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