Linux内核启动常见错误

1.不能启动kernel
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux.........................................................
.................... done, booting the kernel.

问题原因：可能是Bootargs参数设置错误,确认bootargs设置是否正确。
2.不能挂载nfs
eth0: link up
IP-Config: Complete:
device=eth0, addr=192.168.167.15, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=192.168.167.254,
host=192.168.167.15, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
bootserver=192.168.167.170, rootserver=192.168.167.170, rootpath=
Looking up port of RPC 100003/2 on 192.168.167.170
Root-NFS: Unable to get nfsd port number from server, using default
Looking up port of RPC 100005/1 on 192.168.167.170
Root-NFS: Unable to get mountd port number from server, using default
mount: server 192.168.167.170 not responding, timed out
Root-NFS: Server returned error -5 while mounting /work/nfs/rootfs_bluetooth_omap
VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0)
Please append a correct "root=" boot option
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)

问题原因：这种情况通常是nfs配置问题。
确认uboot的bootargs参数里和nfs相关的ip地址信息设置是否正确，以及Host机/etc/exports配置无误，重起nfs服务,重新尝试连接。另外还需要注意bootargs内console参数的设置。kernel2.6后console最好设置为ttySAC0。

3.文件系统不能启动问题1
eth0: link up
IP-Config: Complete:
device=eth0, addr=192.168.167.15, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=192.168.167.254,
host=192.168.167.15, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
bootserver=192.168.167.170, rootserver=192.168.167.170, rootpath=
Looking up port of RPC 100003/2 on 192.168.167.170
Looking up port of RPC 100005/1 on 192.168.167.170
VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem).
Freeing init memory: 128K
/sbin/initKernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

问题原因：制作的文件系统缺少运行busybox所需的libcrypt.so库，新版本会有缺库提示，老版本(1.60)没有。
注：运行一个busybox文件系统至少需要如下几个库：
ld-linux.so.x
libc.so.6
libcrypt.so.x
较新版本的busybox可能还需要
libm.so.6
libgcc_s.so.x
(x为版本号）
4.文件系统不能启动问题2
eth0: link up
IP-Config: Complete:
device=eth0, addr=192.168.167.15, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=192.168.167.254,
host=192.168.167.15, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
bootserver=192.168.167.170, rootserver=192.168.167.170, rootpath=
Looking up port of RPC 100003/2 on 192.168.167.170
Looking up port of RPC 100005/1 on 192.168.167.170
VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem).
Freeing init memory: 128K
Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel.

问题原因：对比一个可用的文件系统后发现，缺少了ld-linux.so.x库，文件系统里只有ld-linux.so.x的连接文件，少拷了库文件。