口译考前冲刺内部讲义

口译笔试冲刺讲义昂立口译项目部独家发布中口考试流程

高口考试流程

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听力部分

整体备考思路

近两年趋势：

?Spot Dictation(30分), Listening & Translation(30分)难度提升；

?Multiple Choice（20分）难度不变；

?Note-Taking & Gaping-Filling（20分）篇章难度有所下降。

应考对策：

重点复习Spot Dictation与Listening & Translation这60分。

考前10天冲刺，每天保持30-40分钟听力练习，复习重点题型。

用语速快的篇章带动听力备考状态，可登陆昂立教师博客下载精听练习https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d6715116.html,

听力教程的重点篇章与复习笔记请登陆昂立学院网站的口译备考专题下载https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d6715116.html,

精做0703-0809四套真题，务必在规定时间内写下全部答案，特别是句子与段落听译。

在教程与真题练习中积累词汇与应试技巧(cover up, character flaws, affects, 均选自07年3月中口Spot Dictation)

专项练习

Spot Dictation 听写

?复习思路：记录单词快速、准确、精炼，熟悉自己的书写习惯，快速誊写

?练习内容：真题（8套），昂立版预测试卷（8套），听力教程（16单元）

?保底分数：70%，21分

?潜力指数：★★★★

?重要性指数：★★★★

评分标准

例一：discouraged from watching （08年3月高口Spot Dictation第一个空格）卷面回答一：~ from ~

卷面回答二：discourage from ~

卷面回答三：discourage watching

例二：in jeans and T-shirts (08年9月中口Spot Dictation第11个空格)

卷面回答一：engines and T-shirts

卷面回答二：genes and T-shirts

卷面回答三：jeans and T-shirt

Spot Dictation部分的几个关键问题：

?Spot Dictation预读的时间安排？

?听到生词该怎么办？lucrative, discernable, obsolete, dismantling…

?听到5个单词连续出现来不及写该怎么办？

?对间隔非常近的空格该如何处理？

?来不及誊写该怎么办？

Statements 单句理解（仅限中级）

?复习思路：快速预读，圈划关键词，果断选择

?练习内容：真题（8套*10题），昂立版预测试卷（8套*10题），听力教程（16单元

*20题）

?评分标准：10题，每题1分，共计10分

?保底分数：70%，7分

?潜力指数：★★★

?重要性指数：★★★

?力争第一题开始前能预读到No. 7.

(B) We have been working hard for the exhibit.

(C) Our new product will be ready this summer.

(D) The new exhibit is delayed until this summer.

?Statements原句本身也是句子听译的重要复习资料。

America’s universities are th e envy of the world, with 60% of all US high school graduates attending college, while in Germany, it’s 30%; in France, 28%; and in Britain, only 20%. （07年3月中口Statements第6题）

Multiple Choice 单项选择

?复习思路：快速预读，圈划关键词，在试卷纸上合理笔记，果断选择

?练习内容：真题（8套），以lecture而非conversation为重点

?评分标准：20题，每题1分（中级为5篇，每篇4题；高级为4篇，每篇5题）?保底分数：70%，14分

?潜力指数：★★★

?重要性指数：★★

针对高级口译：08年下半年新闻整理50条，含昂立口译研究中心注释，请登陆昂立学院网站的口译备考专题下载https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d6715116.html,

Note-Taking and Gap-Filling 听力笔记与填空

?复习思路：700词左右，约6-7分钟，awareness + legibility +sustainability

?练习内容：真题（8套，做2-3遍），昂立版预测试卷（8套）

?评分标准：20题，每题1分

?保底分数：50%，10分

?潜力指数：★★★★

?重要性指数：★★★

?高口下半场的第一个题型，做好面对压力与挑战、得分率低的准备

?合理利用“放音结束”到“拿到试卷”的时间间隔

?研究历次考试的答案词，按照频率高低，分别为：①名词②形容词③动词④副词

?几种提示出现“必考词”的重要信息：

?根据上下文与常识填空同样可以得分

◆…the positive and ____ aspects of …

◆…to safeguard the law and ____ of the country.

◆Ethical behavior in one culture may be ______ in another.

◆Some biodegradable products may take hundreds of years to ______.

◆According to traditional Cherokee beliefs, we are part of _______.

Listening and Translation 听译

?复习思路：练习量＋复述＋句式概括＋熟练笔记

?练习内容：听力教程（不仅限于Sentence/Passage Translation部分）；真题（8套

*5句+8套*2段）；昂立版预测试卷（8套*5句+8套*2段），

?保底分数：50%，15分

?潜力指数：★★★★

?重要性指数：★★★★★

?评分标准：5句sentence，每句3分；2篇passage，每篇7.5分（共30分）

◆The local shares index has dropped sharply towards the 3000 mark.

Dealers say that the market is a little depressed, and a lot of people have

pulled out because they felt nervous about corporate profits. （08年9月

高口句子翻译第4句）

◆本地股指骤降（0.5分），直逼3000点大关（0.5分）。交易员认为（0.5分），

市场处于低迷状态（0.5分），很多人因担忧公司利润（0.5分）而选择离场（0.5

分）。

?笔试，不是口试。

?蒙在鼓里vs. 蒙在股里

?经济形势好转vs. 经济的整个前景与形式正在朝好的乐观的方向发展

?400万人vs. 4000000人

?“上下文原则”

?If you are traveling abroad on business, your biggest problem is lunch.

Every country has different customs, and %$@*!(*$E#DS@R@.

?“常识原则”

?每年在美国都有400人死于吸烟有关的疾病。

?Obesity, teenager, diet, exercise...

?There are three main causes for road accidents…

?“不恼怒，止损原则”

阅读部分

做好阅读的几个关键点：

* 熟悉真题篇章、常见问题与答案的典型风格

* 批判性思维(critical thinking)习惯的培养

* 相关利益人(stake-holders)概念的培养

Multiple Choice

复习思路：从翻译中借5-10分钟，按照平时练习的节奏做题，试着使用各种阅读技巧练习内容：真题（10），昂立版预测试卷（8）

评分标准：

* 中级共6篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共60分

* 高级共4篇，每篇5题，每题2.5分，共50分

保底分数：60%

潜力指数：★★★★

重要性指数：★★★★

08年阅读选择题分析表

I. 关键词——对各个主题的熟悉程度，外刊作者的行文思路及特点

关键词一览

online journalism; copyright; map-making; utility efficiency programs; “green” theme?

时代性；辩证性；

II. 阅读题目的作用

1) 在读题前对文章的预读

*题目中的keywords就是文章的keywords

(见08年阅读选择题分析表)

*题目就是原文的outline (外刊文章的“上扬线”特点)

Eg:

Over lunch, a writer outlined a new book idea to his editor. It was to be a niche concern but promised much. The writer left the restaurant with a glow and decided to get an outline over, pronto. But days and weeks of being too busy turned to months and then, eventually, came the shocking discovery that his editor had been rather elusive of late for a reason: he had been busy crafting a book based on the writer’s idea, and it was now in the shops. An apocryphal tale, maybe, but it will send shivers down any writer’s spine. What’s more, if the writer were to turn to the law in such a dread scenario, the law would be of no use to him at all.

Phil Sherrell, a media lawyer with Eversheds, explains: “Intellectual property law protects the expression of ideas, not the ideas themselves.” Sherrell agrees that “the distinction is not always satisfactory,” but says that there needs to be a limit to the protection conferred on creativity by the law. “To extend the ambit of copyright protection to embrace ideas would be difficult in practice — how would the artist prove that they have conceived the idea if it has not been reduced to a tangible form? It would also open the doo r to undesirably wide monopolies.”

11. The story told at the beginning of the passage ________.

(A) shows the difficulties of turning an idea into a book

(B) described how the writer entertained the editor to get the book published

(C) demonstrated how the editor betrayed the promise he had given

(D) indicates the tricky issue of the protection of intellectual property

12. The word “ambit” in the sentence “To extend the ambit of copyright protection to embrace ideas would be difficult in practice” (para.2) can best replaced by ________.

(A) ambition (B) restriction

(C) range (D) margin

*题目的顺序往往是原文的顺序（掌握阅读时的节奏）

2）阅读题目时同时进行预测

*题干一定是正确的

*题目之间一定是有逻辑关系的

*正确的选项对于其它题目的判断是有帮助的

Eg:

6. Which of the following does not support the motto “No motto please, we’re

British”?

(A) It is more or less paradoxical and satirical.

(B) It has been accepted by the whole nation.

(C) It shows a refusal of the definition of Britishness.

(D) It displays the nature of British values.

8. According to the author, the central problem of the oath of allegiance or a

national motto towards Britishness is ________.

(A) the allegiance toward the ancient British institutions

(B) how to implement the National Health Service

(C) how to define Britishness

(D) the British sense of fair play and duty

9. In writing the essay, the author demonstrates an attitude of ________

towards the issue of Britishness.

(A) indifference (B) enthusiasm

(C) patriotism (D) irony

10. When the author writes the rhetorical question “An oath of allegiance to

the NHS?” (para.7), she is trying to express that ________.

(A) even the Labour Party today will not accept this as an oath of allegiance

(B) the definition of Britishness could finally be settled

(C) such an oath of allegiance should be accompanied by a national day

(D) such an oath of allegiance should be accepted when NHS was first

implemented

III.做题步骤

1．读题

—判断话题、预测选项、预测结构；

2．阅读文章同时做题

—若有个别不确定的题目先保留

不要停留

3．完成所有文章后再解决遗留问题

Short-Answer Question（仅限高级）

复习思路：快速定位，果断回答，清晰明快，不求甚解

练习内容：真题（10*3），昂立版预测试卷（8*3）

评分标准：3篇，10题，每题5分，共50分

2008年试卷中的话题：

200803：个人强制性医疗保险的利弊（立法过程中的权衡？利益集团间的角逐？要解决的问题与计划采取的手段是否南辕北辙？) 难度系数：★★★★☆

美国全面进入数字化电视时代（弱势群体的利益，政府相关部门是否做好相应准备？）难度系数：★★★☆

Northern Rock银行的危机 (银行经营出现危机，政府出面担保百姓在其中的存款，英美两国政府在相似情境之下不同的处理方式。) 难度系数：★★★★☆200809：家居节能的新方法(新科技，环保型产品) 难度系数：★★★☆

图象化的方式展示全球化(精彩有趣的创意，对各个行业的启示) 难度系数：★★☆

20th Century Fox的赢利之道(票房成功的热门电影，擅长控制成本的团队) 难度系数：★★★★

如何回答？如何评分？

评分原则

* 踩点得分

5分与参考答案完美一致（极少）

4分回答较准确且全面

3分回答准确但不全面

2分回答不是十分准确

1分略微擦边

* 真题举例200803 Q9：

Paraphrase the underlined part in the sentence "But it is fair to say that banks and financial institutions are less inclined to listen to a watchdog that prefers to bark rather than bite", (para. 5)?

原文的第五小节：

But Northern Rock is not a terrific advert for the FSA's style of doing things. It is unfair to say the regulator was asleep—it has warned as much as anybody of the risks posed by the complexity of modern financial markets. But it is fair to say that banks and financial institutions are less inclined to listen to a watchdog that prefers to bark rather than bite. Overkill would be even worse, but the balance may have to be addressed.

阅卷老师对几种风格的答案的态度

Answer 1: But it is fair to say

Answer 2: Overkill would be even worth, but the balance may have to be addressed.

Answer 3. Banks prefer the supervisors who only give warnings but never take

actions.

Answer 4. Banks prefer the supervisors who only give warnings but never take actions. But Northern Rock is not a terrific advert for the FSA's style of doing things. It is unfair to say the regulator was asleep—it has warned as much as anybody of the risks posed by the complexity of modern financial markets.

Answer 5: Banks, such as the Northern Rock, never like a biting dog, that’s why they buy barking dogs to watch their gates.

阅卷老师手中的答案形式：

watch dog: a government body of banking supervision /metaphorical expression/ “bark” : cry, shout=talk; “bite”: eat, cut into, grip=act, take action/refers to the government supervision body (regulator) relies mainly on the oral warning but does not take firm action/

保底分数：40%，20分

潜力指数：★★★★★

重要性指数：★★★★

高口阅读SAQ问题回答模版

翻译部分

考纲解读

英译汉

本部分测试时间为30分钟①

（1）测试要求

要求应试者运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译英语书刊上有关政治、经济、社会、历史、文化等方面的文章。速度为每小时340/400词②左右。译文要求忠于原意，语言流畅③。（2）题型

本部分为主观试题，长度170/200词左右的英译汉文章或段落一篇。

（3）选材原则

（a）英译汉选材取自英语报刊或书籍④。

（b）文章或段落的内容具有普遍性或现实意义，难度宜适中/内容不应太偏太深。

汉译英

本部分测试时间为30分钟

（1）测试要求

要求应试者运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译介绍我国国情、经济发展、文化背景以及风土人情等的文章或段落。速度为每小时340/450词左右。译文应忠于原意，语言通顺。（2）题型

本部分为主观试题，长度为170/200词左右的汉译英文章或段落一篇。

（3）选题原则

（a）汉译英选材取自中文报刊或书籍⑤。

（b）题材和内容具有普遍性、社会性以及现实意义，难度宜适中/内容不应太偏太深。

①②考试时间：翻译的数学

1.1 25≈40, 40>>25

1.2 10>10

1.3 1+1+…+1 < 5+20 < 10+10+5

1.4 在翻译和阅读之间90% + 110%

③译文要求与阅卷标准示例：45+5

3.1 Even now, the expression “as ugly as sin” has not quite passed from the language. There is, of course, the equally famous expression “beauty is in the eye of the beholder”, to counter it. （0803中口E-C真题）

3.2 I am aware that for historians to make extravagant claims is, and always has been, all too common: every writer on history tends to look down his nose at his less cultivated predecessors, happily persuaded that he will better them in point of style, or bring new facts to light.（0709高口E-C真题）

3.3（这次探月工程取得成功）是我国推进自主创新、建设创新型国家取得的又一标志性成果，是中华民族在攀登世界科技高峰征程上实现的又一历史性跨越，是中华民族为人类和平开发利用外层空间作出的又一重大贡献。（0803中口昂立模考、当年C-E真题）

3.4中国古代圣人孔子曾说过：“劳心者治人，劳力者治于人”。（0809高口C-E真题）

4.1 历史回顾与趋势展望

中级口译0403－0809

4.2.1 真题（整套训练——错误总结——巩固词汇——分析话题）4.2.2 教材

中级口译第二版和第三版翻译教程对照

高级口译第二版与第三版翻译教程对照

⑥复习笔译的几个关键词

词汇，长句，四字格与文言文，译后检查

6.1 词汇

英译汉与汉译英的不同要求

contribute to, contribution／paradox of IPR／世界贸易组织争议解决机制／核威慑

6.2 长句（考前练习15-20个复杂长句的结构分析）

I shall find antiquity a rewarding study, if only because, while I am absorbed in it, 1 shall be able to turn my eyes from the troubles which for so long have tormented the modern world, and to write without any of that over-anxious consideration which may well plague a writer on contemporary life, even if it does not lead him to conceal the truth.

（65 words）（0709高口E-C）

我们将致力于走科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少、人力资源优势得到充分发挥的新型工业化道路。

6.3 四字格、谚语、俗语、文言文、诗句

6.3.1 历次考试回顾

高口

6.3.2 临场解决方案：C1→ C2 → E2 (→ E1) C1: 四字格、谚语、俗语、文言文、诗句

C2: 忠实、通顺、清晰、便于翻译的中文

E2: 对应C2的清晰、简洁、无误的英文

E1: 更地道、更精彩、更优美的英文

6.4 译后检查通读与审读

通读：从忠实到通顺vs. 从通顺到忠实

审读：拼写，单复数，时态，词性