陕西师范大学硕士研究生英语期末考试B

陕西师范大学研究生英语自测试题（B）

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注意事项：

1.请将答案直接做到机读卡和答题纸上。

2.本试题共14页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

3.本课程为闭卷考试。

Non-English Major Graduate Student English Test

试卷一Paper One

Part I Part I Listening Comprehension（15minutes, 15points）

Section A (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speak ers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter wit

h a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.

1. A. Not everyone from England likes to read all the time.

B. People who teach English like things other than books.

C. The English like to read a lot and listen to music.

D. English teachers usually like to read a lot.

2. A. On Thursday night.

. B. On Monday night.

C. On Friday morning

D. On Thursday morning.

3. A. Tom is advised not to talk much.

B. Tom isn’t good at singing.

C. Tom just had a surgery on his throat.

D. Tom is encouraged by his doctor to speak more.

4. A. Taking a suburb excursion.

B. Looking for a job.

C. Looking for an apartment.

D. Asking the man for his opinions.

5. A. The situation of the rail service will be the same tomorrow.

B. The woman is in time for her class.

C. The man drives to university.

D. The train station is about to be shut down..

6. A. Fifty students.

B. Forty students..

C. Twenty-five students.

D. Fifteen students.

7. A. Nobody likes to listen to this symphony.

B. Many people like it.

C. She doesn’t like the symphony.

D. She’d like a cup of tea.

8. A. Cash his cheque received from the new cafeteria.

B. Go to the cafeteria in the evening.

C. Open a new cafeteria.

D. Ask the new cafeteria to see if they have any vacancies.

9. A. She knows where to get a map.

B. She will help the man find the exhibit.

C. She has already seen the exhibit.

D.She will help the man read the map.

Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each p assage, there will be some questions. Both the passage s and the questions will be r ead to you only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corre sponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.

10. A. Because schoolchildren waste time and money on them.

B. Because they are becoming a social problem, affecting both adults and childre

n.

C. Because they can easily be turned into a form of gambling.

D. Because too many adults spend working hours playing them.

11. A. People, regardless of their age, are crazy about video games.

B. Those over 15 can use the machines during the day inmost countries.

C. Schoolchildren in uniforms are not allowed into amusement centers in many c

ountries.

D. Youngsters are not prohibited to use video game machines placed in amuseme

nt centers.

12. A. Give their children money for plastic surgery.

B. Take all possible steps to stop their children from plastic surgery.

C. Spend a lot of money for their children on plastic surgery.

D. Spend a lot of money for their daughters instead of their sons on plastic surg

ery.

13. A. Beauty.

B. Happiness.

C. A good job.

D. Human being’s welfare.

14. A. Because it takes time before your brain realizes that you’re full .

B. Because the slower you eat, the less you absorb.

C. Because it’s healthier to eat slowly.

D. Because it helps to burn the fat in your body.

15. A. None.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. More then three.

Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)

Section A (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underli ned one. Mark the corresponding letter with single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.

16. Train fare increases of 5% are envisaged for the next year because of the draft

resolution submitted by the Railway Ministry to the National People’s Congress.

A. expected

B. imposed

C. proposed

D. asserted

17. When asked if there were any circumstances under which they would declare w

ar, he dismissed such questions as purely hypothetical.

A. inevitable

B. imaginary

C. pessimistic

D. ironical

18. It is said that you can intimidate your enemies by speaking in a low voice and

carrying a big stick.

A. imitate

B. animation

C. frighten

D. intermission

19. The mother soothed the carrying child and then promised to take him on a pic nic as soon as it stopped raining.

A. smothered

B. smoothed

C. comforted

D. whipped

20. The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have ta ken stimulants before the race.

A. was taken off

B. was taken away

C. was clear of

D. was accused of

21. According to the comment, the novelist who wrote many romantic stories is ren

owned for a compact style.

A. complex

B. plain

C. concise

D. fashionable

22. All the staff members of the department made zealous efforts to clean up the ha

ll for the coming Christmas party.

A. enthusiastic

B. gigantic

C. indigenous

D. concerted

23. Many new medicines today can eradicate diseases before they become too wid

espread.

A. wipe out

B. wear out

C. work out

D. wrap in

24. There is discrepancy between what you have said and what you have done. So

I don’t know whether I should believe you or not.

A. similarity

B. inconsistency

C. resemblance

D. analog

25. Efforts to ameliorate housing conditions for the poor were halted because govern

ment funds were cut off.

A. add to

B. develop

C. reform

D. improve

Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omi tted.

Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each senten ce.

26. The English language contains a(n) ____________ of words which are comparati

vely seldom used in ordinary conversations.

A. multitude

B.altitude

C. latitude

D. attitude

27. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education

is one of the most ________ areas in Japanese life.

A.sophisticated

B. competitive

C. considerate

D. superficial

28. Parents have a legal _______ to ensure that their children are provided with effi

cient education suitable to their age.

A. impulse

B. influence

C. obligation

D. sympathy

29. In order to prevent stress from being set up in the metal, expansion joints are fi

tted which _______ the stress by allowing the pipe to expand or contract freely.

A. relieve

B. reconcile

C. reclaim

D. rectify

30. According to the latest report, consumer confidence ________ a breathtaking 15

points last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.

A. soared

B. mutated

C. plummeted

D. fluctuated

31. Melissa is a computer ________ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated

thousands of users around the world.

A. genius

B. virus

C. disease

D. bacteria

32. Lighting can be used not only to create an atmosphere, but also to ________ fe

atures of the house, such as ornaments or pictures.

A. highlight

B. underline

C. activate

D. upgrade

33. This coupon ________ you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frame

s or lenses when you buy both.

A. credits

B. entitles

C. presents

D. tips

34. High grades are supposed to ________ academic ability, but John’s actual perfor

mance did not confirm this.

A. certify

B. clarify

C. classify

D. notify

35. The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in t wo eastern states in which it once _________.

A. thrived

B. swelled

C. prospered

D. flourished

Part III Cloze (10 minutes, 10points)

Directions:Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitabl e word(s) marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the correspon ding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square brac ket on your Answer Sheet.

Central problem of economics is to satisfy the people’s and nation’s wants. The problem we are faced with is that our resources, here (36)_____ as money, are lim ited. The only way we can (37)_____ our problem is to make choices. After lookin g at our resources, we must examine our list of (38)_____and identify the things we need immediately, those we can (39)_____, and those we cannot afford. As individ uals, we face the central problem (40)_____in economics —deciding just how to (4 1)_____ our limited resources to provide (42)_____with greatest satisfaction of our wants.

Nations face the same problem. As a country’s population(43)_____, the need f or more goods and services grows(44)_____. Resources necessary to production may increase, but there (45)_____ enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nat ion. Whether the (46)_____ meeting is taking place in the family living room, in th e conference room of corporation (47)_____ of directors, or in the (48)_____ of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still exists.

A short time ago economists divided goods into two (49)_____, free and econo mic. The former, like air and water, were in such (50)_____ that economists had no concern for them. After all, economics is the study of (51)_____ and what to do a bout it. Today many of these “free goods”are (52)_____ very expensive to use. Pol lution has made clean air and water expensive for producers` extra costs, and (53)__ ___ taxpayers who pat for the government’s involvement in cleaning the (54)_____.

In the 1990s, almost all goods are abundant. Only by effort and money can the y be (55)_____ in the form people wish.

36. A. identified B. recognized C. realized D. considered

37. A. involve B. revolve C. dissolve D. resolve

38. A. want B. problem C. wants D. resources

39. A. posterity B. postpaid C. postpone D. possess

40. A. consisted B. illustrated C. involved D. formed

41. A. allocate B. divide C. assign D. afford

42. A. them B. themselves C. ourselves D. ours

43. A. expand B. extends C. grows D. inflates

44. A. equally B. spontaneously C. gradually D. correspondingly

45. A. always B. sometimes C. often D. never

46. A. budget B. press C. finance D. economy

47. A. managemen t B. function C. board D. group

48. A. chamber B. room C. hall D. doorway

49. A. groups B. classes C. series D. categories

50. A. advance B. abundance C. progress D. redundancy

51.A. scare B. scarcity C. scarf D. scar

52. A. practically B. pragmatically C. precedently D. practicably

53. A. to B. of C. for D. with

54. A. environment B. condition C. surrounding D. atmosphere

55. A. retained B. obtained C. abstained D. contained

Part IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points)

Directions:In this part of the test, there are six short passages for you to read. Re

ad each passage carefully and then the questions that follow. Choose the best answe

r A, B, C, or D, and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the sq

uare bracket on your Answer Sheet.

Passage one

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Green space facilities are contributing to an important degree to the quality of the

urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every

book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is ge

nerally accepted, although more as a self-proved statement than on the base of a clo

sely reasoned scientific proof. Recognizing the importance of green spaces in the cit

y environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that en

ough details are known about the functions of green space in towns and about the

way in which people are using these spaces. As to this subject I shall within the sc

ope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of gr

een-space facilities.

The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for

many years has been used in town and country planning, has in my opinion resulted

in more attention for forms of recreation far from home, while there was relatively

little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood

of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an im

portant part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for a

ctivities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to

begin at the street door of the house. The city environment has to offer as many r

ecreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more req

uired activities can also have recreative aspect.

The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleas

ant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets beca

use the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a sp

ot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at

home after the street door of your house is closed after you.

56. According to the author, the importance of green spaces in the urban environme nt _____.

A. is still unknown

B. is being closely studied

C. is usually neglected

D. has been fully recognized

57. For many years town and country planning has _____.

A. brought living areas and places of entertainment close together

B. separated recreation facilities far from home

C. improved recreative possibilities in the neighborhood

D. enabled people to reach the best standard of living

58. What does the writer recommend to create a better environment? A. Providing a recreation place. B. Creating more separated green space C. Owning green space facilities. D. Delivering a free service.

59. According to the author, green spaces should be designed _____. A. to reduce the number of recreative activities B. to attract more and more people

C. for people to use more conveniently

D. for people to do recreative activities at the street door of the house 60. The main idea of this passage is that _____.

A. attention must be paid to the improvement of recreation

B. green space facilities should be used better to improve the quality of life

C. the city environment is providing more recreative activities

D. we should try our best to raise our living standard

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demanding to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individu al but only lives to function as a part of a whole. The individual in a uniform lose s all

self-

There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identi fication with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than t he individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existenc e. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in a school, el iminates all envy and competition in the matter of dress, such that a poor person w

ho cannot afford good-quality clothing is not to be belittled by a wealthy person wh o wears expensive quality clothing. Those persons conveniently ignore such critical c oncepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to w ear the same clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of foods. When t his happens, all incentive t o improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents both er to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when t hey know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life

th

Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on th e fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Sales persons would be superfluous as wel l; why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms wo uld destroy the fashion industry, which in turn would have a ripple effect on such i ndustries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, a nd television would not be able to remain in business. One entire information and e ntertainment industry would collapse.

61.The author’s primary purpose in writing this passage was to ___

___ A.

plead

B.

C. advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms

D. convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages 62.Why does the author discuss forcing everyone to buy the same car or eat the

sa

A.

B. To show that the government has interfered too much in the lives of individual

C. To suggest what would happen if

uniforms D. To predict the way the society will be in the next few generations.

63.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the author? A.The person who wears a uniform has no

self-

B. Wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger concept.

C. Uniforms will hurt one entire information and entertainment industry.

D. 64.The word “superfluou s” (Para. 3) most probably means ______ A. indispensable B. available C. surplus

D.

65.The next paragraph in this passage might discuss_______

A.

B.

C.

D. the legal rights of those not wishing to wear uniforms 答案：DCBCB

Passage Three

Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.

A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumabl y an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is tha t we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild anim al - a poisonous snake or a wild cat - we do not fly into a temper. If we are unar med, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking one’s own, but if we take account of th e long competition, which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man - indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man

-

In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always usin g the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us” and “them” is the touchstone of the two -par ty system of “democratic” politics. A lthough there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them” emotio n, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other

subspec

The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permit ted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind r age, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And t here is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater pr imitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted.

66. A suitable title for this passage would

be_________

A.

B.

C.

D.

67. According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger

is________

A.

B. C. that we do not fly into a temper more often

D. 68.The passage suggests

that_________

A. historically we have created an “us” versus “them” society

B. humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping

C. the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided

domination

D. 69. From the passage we can infer that

________

A. the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never

happens

B.

C.

D. the real or imagined ex istence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in man’s

act

70.The author believes that a religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is _________.

A. founded in historical fact

B. C. apparent

D. probably accurate 答案：CDADB

Passage Four

Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.

A scientific panel convened by the World Health Organization recommended guid elines on Friday for doctors conducting clinical studies of SARS patients. The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this year’s epidemic. Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.

“It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review,” said Dr. Simon M ardel, a WHO official who led the two-day meeting that ended on Friday. He said t housands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as researchers try to determine treatments for SARS, or severe acute respiratory s yndrome. “We re cognize that having no treatment for SARS is hindering our ability to control an epi demic in so many ways.” He said.

In the epidemic earlier this year, various treatments, like drugs to fight the viru

s or strengthen the immune system, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, were de livered under emergency conditions, in widely different settings and countries to pati ents suffering from varying stages of the illness. Those conditions —generally with out standardized measurements or controlled situations —have made it hard to inter pret results.

Standard supportive therapy like nursing, and in severe cases the use of mechan ical respirators to help patients breathe, is the mainstay of SARS care, and helped many patients survive. But doctors still do not know how best to treat SARS patient s who have breathing difficulties. Dr. Mardel said. One method is invasive ventilatio n. A second method involves blowing oxygen into the lungs through a mask. Both c arry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees. Without proper analysis, the panel was unable to say definitively which treatment worked best, or which ca used the most harm. “There is a lack of shared information,” Dr. Mardel said, notin g that a lot of data have not been published.

The panel also agreed on guidelines that would allow doctors to conduct quick and safe clinical trials, a process that generally takes years to complete. The world Health Organization, a United Nations agency did not release the guidelines. Dr. Mar del said they were flexible because no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return. Experts in many countries have already listed the treatments the y want to test, and the health agency is leaving these decisions to individual nations.

71. Guidelines recommended by the scientific panel can be used for _________.

A. gathering potentially useful information about various therapies collected

B. conducting clinical studies of SARS patients

C. determining treatment for SARS

D. publishing all the information about SARS

72. According to the passage, it is difficult to interpret the results of certain treatme

nts for SARS because _________.

A. patients were in different countries

B. patients were given medicines in widely different settings

C. patients were at different stages of the illness

D. these conditions had no standardized measurements or controlled situations

73. According to doctors, the two methods to treat SARS patients who have breathi

ng difficulties both _______.

A. carry the risk of infecting hospital employees

B. are effective in curing patients who have breathing difficulties

C. don’t run the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees

D. prove to work effectively and cause no harm

74. According to a WHO official, Dr. Mardel, the guidelines were flexible because

_____.

A. SARS would reemerge in poor countries

B. no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return

C. SARS would not appear in developed countries

D. no one knew whether SARS would return or not

75. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. SARS, a Dreadful Disease

B. No Good Methods to Treat SARS

C. SARS Will Return One Day

D. Health Panel Recommends New Guidelines on SARS

参考答案: B D A B D

Passage Five

Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage.

As you all know, the United States is a country on wheels. Nearly eight million new cars are made each year; four households out of five own at least one car, an d more than a quarter have two each. Yet you’ll be su rprised to learn that some of the car-owners even suffer from malnutrition.

In 1968, a nation-wide survey of malnutrition was made for the first time. It fo und that 10 million people are suffering in health through inadequate feeding; the ca uses of their plight were varied. Unemployment over a long period should be consid ered as the main factor. And unemployment, strange to say, nine times out of ten re sults from automation, both in industrial and agricultural areas. For example, in the rural South when a cotton plantation suddenly cuts its force from 100 people to thre e, the problem to help the displaced arises. So is the case with industrial automatio n. In fact, probably 2 million jobs are made unnecessary each year in the whole co untry as a result of the automation process, thus making unemployment a chief soci al concern. According to government statistics, the number of people unemployed wa s over 5 percent for the period from 1958 to 1963. In July 1981, it rose to 7.8 per cent. As a matter of fact, it has long been known that even during the most prosper ous periods there have been people without enough to eat. So I think that’s why Pr esident Kennedy said in his inauguration speech in 1961, if the government did not help the poor, it could not save the rich.

In 1966, the Social Security Administration calculated that a family of four nee ded an income of $3,355 a year to be above the line of poverty. And in 1977, the average poverty line of the country was slightly more than $6,200 annual income fo r a non-farm family of four. According to the Social Security Act, families of that s ize below poverty line are eligible to receive benefits from the special welfare progr am. The average weekly payment of benefits now is equivalent to 36 percent of the worker’s no rmal wage. And the number of people who receive government benefits is increasing. In 1973, social insurance payments by governments, mainly to old ag e pensioners and people who had lost their jobs or were off work through illness, a mounted to $86,000 million. Those not fully qualified for insurance payments receive

d $29,000 million in public aid.

But problems still exist. Many people are not reached by the anti-poverty progr am, because local authorities and agencies do not want to play their part or do not gave the resources to do so. Some poor people will not accept help for various reas ons. Of course, there are some more important factors which lie in the structure of the society, but I don’t consider it necessary to dig into them here. Yet we will per haps agree that social welfare programs have solved to some extent the problems of feeding, clothing and housing those below the poverty line. On the whole, it perha ps might be said that American people are living a better life than people in most other countries.

76. The United States is called a country on wheels because______.

A. about one-fourth Americans own two cars

B. a bit over one out of four households are the owners of two cars

C. nearly 8 million new cars drive in the country every year

D. 80% Americans have at least one car

77. According to a 1968 survey, ten million Americans found themselves in a diffic

ult health situation chiefly due to _______.

A. inadequate feeding

B. malnutrition

C. unemployment

D. automation

78. The author use “the displaced”(Para. 2) to refer to those who are _______.

A. unemployed

B. disabled

C. sick

D. poor

79. The word “eligible”( Para.3) is synonymous with “_______”.

A. necessary

B. urgent

C. needed

D. worthy

80. Americans are living a better life than those in most of other countries because,

to some degree, _________.

A. many Americans receive benefits from the special welfare program

B. some poor people can receive help for some reason or other

C. there is the anti-poverty program in the U.S.

D. social welfare programs have some measure settled the problems of those below the poverty line.

[答案]：BCADD

Passage Six

Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage.

Feminist sociolinguists, over the course of the last few decades, have conducted studies that they believe support the conclusion that women are routinely discrimina ted against in English-speaking society.They point to the words used to describe wo men, as well as the words used to describe society as a whole,as indications that th e English language, and therefore the English-speaking culture, is slanted towards the advantage of males.

The words used to describe women are used as instrument by feminist socioling uists to denote an inherent sexism in the English language.Word pairs such as maste r and mistress and sir and madam, they claim, epitomize such sexism. All of the w ords in question once held positive connotations, while the masculine forms have ret ained their respectable associations, the feminine forms have undergone pejoration a nd now imply sexual promiscuity (混杂) and other negative characteristics. Feminist researchers assume that such pejoration indicate that the status of women in English-speaking society is relatively low.

These researchers also find fault with the use of masculine words to describe u nisex entities. For example, they feel that there is nothing inherently mainly about m ankind, the best man for the job, or the common man.Similarly, the use of such con structions as the “the average students is worried about his grades” indicate to these researchers an inherent sexism in English that is reflective of the cultures in which they are produced .

Carolyn Jacobson, author of Non-sexist Language has proposed a solution to this conundrum(难题). She advocates the elimination of all sexed words in favor of gen der-neutral terms. No longer should we refer to actors and actresses or waiters and waitresses, as such dichotomies(男女有别) allow for the possibility of negative conno tations being associated with the feminine designation. Likewise, she believes that ph rases such as mankind should give way to human kind and that the use of the mas culine pronoun as the default should be abandoned in favor of neutral constructions. Thus, when sexism is eliminated from the English language, the culture will be mo re amenable to he deliverance of women as well .

81. The primary purpose of this passage is to_____

A. compare and contrast ideology in various cultures

B. prove a commonly held belief to be wrong

C. describe a problem and a possible solution

D. analyze the historical origins of a modern situation

82. According to the passage,gender-neutral constructions should be advocated becaus e_____

A. the elimination of sexism in the English language will precede the elimination of sexism in the culture

B. they are more grammatically sound than sexed structures

C. unisex terms are less awkward in casual speech

D. sex-specific terms always carry negative connotations

83. The author refers to mankind ,the best man for the job,and the common man in order to_____

A. demonstrate the superiority of males in English-speaking society

B. provide an example of speech that is slanted towards the advantage of males

C. list the characteristics of the feminist sociolinguist movement

D. discount the notion that the English language discriminates against women

84. The word “pejoration” most probably means_______.

A. negative connotation

B. positive connotation

C. sexual characteristic

D. respectable characteristic

85. In favor of gender-neutral terms, which of the following words can be used to

describe unisex entities?

A. mankind.

B. chairperson.

C. superman.

D. dragon lady 参考答案:CABAB

试卷二 Paper Two

Part V Translation (20 points) Section A (20 minutes, 10 points) Directions : Put the following paragraphs into Chinese. Write your Chinese version i n the proper space on Answer Sheet II .

(1). The globalization that we intuitively know — call centers in India, toy factories in China — is just one piece of an increasingly competitive landscape. As manual work becomes more automated and trade barriers fall, companies chase knowledge w orkers and efficiency just as much as they do cheap labor and access to new marke ts. In this new calculus, it is often surprising who comes out ahead. According to t he Business Competitive Index, the Global Competitive Index's sibling measure devel oped by Harvard economist Michael Porter, the countries with the lowest wages relat ive to competitiveness — that is, the best values as investment locations — are Tai wan, Hong Kong and India, followed by Chile, Singapore, the Czech Republic and t he US.

(2). A White House spokesperson says President Barack Obama’s top counterterroris m adviser, Lisa Monaco, responded to a letter from the deans of about a dozen pro minent public health schools last week who were concerned the ruse could cause ser ious consequences to public health efforts. Monaco told the deans the CIA has agre ed it would no longer use vaccination programs or workers for intelligence purposes. The CIA also agreed not to use genetic materials obtained through such programs. I n 2011, the CIA recruited Pakistani doctor Shakil Afridi to offer a program of hepat itis vaccinations in the Pakistani city of Abbottabad as cover to obtain DNA sample s from the bin Laden compound. The United States wanted to make sure bin Laden was there before launching an operation into another country.

Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following sentences into English. Write your Chinese version in t

he proper space on Answer Sheet II .

1. 中国有着源远流长、类容丰富的历史， 她对人类文化知识的进步所做出的贡献是

不可估量的。全世界的小学生都知道中国的四大发明。

2. 美国没有中国这样悠久的历史， 但近年来， 美国一直与科学进步与技术发明有着关联， 我们也可以谈谈美国的四大发明， 这就是电话，半导体，个人电脑和因特网。

3.

在信息时代里，公司或个人所拥有的最宝贵的产品或资源是其知识含量。 在世界很多地区， 也包括中国， 信息时代已经改变了人们支配时间的方式， 特别是闲暇时间。

4. 实际上， 中国对知识产权的保护有着悠久的历史。 多数历史学家都相信， 商标实际上是中国发明的， 它们首先出现在中国瓷器上。

5. 当今，跨国婚姻越来越多， 人生驿站将不同过度的人们带到了一起， 激起他们的浪漫情怀。 这类夫妻之间异国文化的的差异往往给生活带来一种特殊的情趣。

Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Will Internet Media Replace Traditional Media? Write your composition in t he proper space on the Answer Sheet II. Your composition should be written neatly and clearly. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1. 网络媒体的出现在很大程度上影响了传统媒体的存在

2. 有人认为网络媒体会取代传统媒体，理由是……

3. 我的看法