轮机英语阅读与写作
上海海事大学课程教案
课程名称:轮机英语阅读与写作课程编号: 12200210
承担课程的二级学院:商船学院教研室:船舶动力装置教研室等
教案编写教师:李品友、杨万枫、章学来、方清
授课对象:轮机工程专业编写时间: 2004年1月
编写负责人:_______________________ 教研室主任:________________________
第1 章:Marine Diesel Engine 本章答疑时数: 4
第 2 章: Auxiliary Machineries 本章答疑时数: 4
第 3 章: Marine Electricity & Automation 本章答疑时数: 2
第 4 章: Maritime Conventions 本章答疑时数: 2
第 5 章: Writing English 本章答疑时数: 2
大学英语B阅读翻译及写作_6
大学英语B阅读翻译及写作 TEST 1 阅读1： 有这些关于两位美国总统杰克逊和范布伦试图解释英语词组OK的故事。我们不知这些故事的真实性，但他们都是很有趣。第一种解释是根据杰克逊总统读书少的事实。事实上，他读写有困难。当他接到重要的文件，他努力地去读，然后让助手解释内容，如果他赞成，他就会在公文上写上Oll Korrect二字，问题就在于他不知道如何拼写，所以他真正写的是“ol korekt”.过了一段时间，他简称为“OK”. 第二种解释是根据范布伦总统的出生地纽约是事实。范布伦的朋友组织了一个俱乐部帮助他竞选。他们把它称之为Old Kinderhook 俱乐部，支持范布伦的人被称为“OK”。 阅读2. 尽管美国有很多陆地，生产事物所占用的地甚至不到现在人口所居住的地方多很多，现在大多数的人都生活在一个大都市里，从事农业和林业的人不到十分之一，多多少少总有一部分人仍然生活在城镇附近，那儿原有的景象正在不断地改变：每个小城镇都很相识，那有代表性的城镇相当于那富有大自然美好景色的农村，但是大部分美国人不在住在那里了，现在有一半人口住在30个大城市里，这好比一百万人居住在每一个比德国、英国大的免职里，更不用说法国了。据统计，城市和乡村的人口应该被处改并且告诫，那是因为有人把区域分类作为农村，在城镇范围内开车旅行，并且逐渐盖满房子，以致于很难说出农村一下子变成郊区城镇，但是越来越多典型的美国人居住在大城市里好比居住在小的城镇环境里。 阅读3 如果我们被准确地问及我们一年前所做的事情，我们就会不得不说我们不能记起。但是我们将每一天所做的事写在一本簿子上并保存在内，我们应该能够回答那些问题。那历史也一样。很多事已被忘记，是因为我们没有将它们记录在案。有时人类会记录那些在他们回家发生的最重要的事，但是经常会被大火或战争而销毁掉。有时会因为那个时候或那个地方的人民不知道怎么写字，就根本没有任何文字记录。例如，我们知道很多关于4，000年前住在中国大地上的人们，就是因为他们会写字，并且能够把文字记载流传到他们的后代。但是我们几乎不知道一些有关于在非洲中部200多年前住在那里的人们的事，因为他们没有学写字。当然，有时候即使人们不会写字，他们仍然会知道一些过去的事。他们可从老人们口里所说到，还有一些关于重要事件的歌曲、舞蹈和已被编造出来的故事，并且这些通过被唱和演出就能告诉人们很多梗概。就如大部分人都会很自豪地告诉别人，在过去他们父亲那代所做过的一些事情。对于这，我们会叫它作“记忆性的历史”。它们有些现在已被记载。那作为历史记载的话是不准确和没有高价值的，是因为当在讲话反复使用时，词句会比抄写下来容易改变得多了。但是对于要进行文字记载的地方，这样的口述故事是非常有帮助的。 完型填空： 你会发现大学的课程是不同与高中学校的课程，你将会有更多的工作和责任却没有太多的被动，另一方面，你也有更多的自由??有自由去选择学什么，什么时候学，或者为什么而学，你将需要练习最大量的自我训练。这是最辛苦的一种训练，因为这是资源的，和你只能是你自己一个去行动（面对），你决定的学习习惯将会是你将来成功的决定因素，或是缺陷。另外，你会发现你的导师跟你早先遇到过的那些人有些相识，他们会希望你更加投入到你的学习习惯和时间安排上。记住，许多你学到的是发生在课室以外的。你的导师会给你附加的帮助在课堂以外。如果这时候证明你的课正在生效、实行。在你能力和技术都能控制掌握的条件下，你需要有效果地安排你的时间，以便使你在大学里取得成功。一个与有效利用时间的有关的表会使你能够使工作和游玩都包含在内，当你获得一份工作，不久你会发现不足仅是做你想的，更是你所希望的。 作文： 你同学建华在国外学习，你们经常用英文通信。他即将完成学业，不久前来信说将回国工作。请根据下列提示回信：注意：1词数100左右； 2 行文英连贯，内容应完整； 3 开头语与落款已为你写好。 June 8th Dear Jianhua, I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago. I’m very glad to know that you have finished your studies abr oad. And what you are studying is well needed nowadays in China. It will be quite easy for you to find a good job. I know a few big companies in our city are hoping to hire people like you. I’m working for the computer company now, and I must work from nine clock to five . If you are free, please come to visit me . I am looking forward to your letter . Best wishes, Minghua TEST 2 Passage 1
读写结合——提高英语写作能力的教学案例
读写结合—提高英语写作能力 摘要：英语写作是英语学习的四项基本技能之一，是英语教学中不可缺少的环节。然而，长期以来，写作一直是困扰我国英语教学的一大难题。学生面对写作任务时常常不知从何下手。在教学中或在高考阅卷中常常发现：学生的审题能力差，偏离主题现象严重；文章词语贫乏，语言素材不丰富，句子意识差；表达不得体，结构单一，缺少连贯性，篇章意识差等等。英语写作已成了英语教学的老大难问题，也成了英语教学的瓶颈。本文通过整合阅读与写作教学，以读促写，是阅读教学的延伸与深化，是语言学习从语言输入到语言输出的一个质的转变，从而实现提高英语写作能力的目的。 一、案例背景 (一) 问题提出 语言是人们思想交流的工具，有声语言和书写语言是语言交流的两种媒介。写作是学习者英语综合能力的体现。高中英语新课程标准对写作提出了更高的要求，八级要求为“能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；能根据用文字级图表提供的信息写短文或报告；能写出与一连关切结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺”。但在教学中或在高考阅卷中常常发现：学生的审题能力差，偏离主题现象严重；文章词语贫乏，语言素材不丰富，句子意识差；表达不得体，结构单一，缺少连贯性，篇章意识差等等，在学生的口语表达能力有较大提高的情况下，学生的写作能力还相对滞后。可以说，长期以来，写作一直是困扰我国英语教学的一大难题。学生面对写作任务时常常不知从何下手。这一严重现象的出现，笔者认为有以下几个原因： 1.目前高中英语教学中一般不开设专门的英语写作课，没有对学生英语写作基本功进行系统训练，往往是在高考前期进行短期的突击性应试模拟训练，平时对学生写作技能的培养较少。 2.学生的阅读量小和阅读面窄，造成词汇量小，写作语言素材贫乏。 3.学生良好的阅读策略与写作策略缺少，导致学生的篇章意识差等。 为了适应发展中的社会，满足社会的需求，使高中毕业生的英语写作水平达到高中英语新课程标准的八级或九级的写作目标，高中英语教学中对学生写作技能的培养必须是长期的、有目的循序渐进的写作技能培养。阅读是语言输入的主要途径，更是写作的基础。阅读能给学生提供大量的写作素材，通过阅读,学生可以积累词汇，储存句法、语篇知识，学习遣词造句、布局谋篇的
Reading-and-Writing小学英语阅读和写作
Reading and Writing Class: Name: 1. . ’s a big blue one. There are water bottles on the , but they are small. Yangyang comes to help. He tells Sara she can a paper first. Phrase: in the shape of：…的形状 Sentence: What’s it like? 它是什么样子的？ 2. ’s is the same colour. pencil case is it? It’s Mike’s. Sara’s is . Her pencil case is 3. he is all white but black on the top of his . He came to Baobao’s home yesterday, but now he is missing. Baobao is worried because there are many cars and busses on the , but there is no need to call the . Perhaps the kitten is just 4.The Foolish Old Man Removed the Mountains Taihang and Wangwu were two big mountains in the south of Jizhou and north of Heyang. They were seven hundred li around, and ten thousand metres high. An old man lived on the north side of the mountains. He was 90 years old. People called him the Foolish Old Man. The mountains stood in his way to the south. He was very unhappy. So he said to his family, “Shall we work together to remove the mountains? Then we can go straight to the south.” They agreed to his idea. The Foolish Old Man and his sons began to break rocks and dig earth. They carried the rocks and earth in baskets to the seaside of Bohai. One trip to the sea took them a long time. They left in winter and came back in summer. Another old man lived by the river. People called him the Wise Old Man. He laughed at the Foolish Old Man and said to him, “How unwise you are! You are old and weak. You cannot even pull out a tree from the mountains. How can you remove them?” The Foolish Old Man said, “Yuou don’t understand. When I die, there will be my
理解阅读与写作之间的关系
业二：何谓理解阅读与写作的关系？您从视频中的几个典型案例学到了什么？请解释说明。 说道“阅读与写作”的关系，套用叶圣陶老先生的话就是“阅读是吸收，写作是倾吐”。阅读是积累，写作是产出。阅读是输入，写作是输入。我们只有不断阅读，增加积累，才能有东西不断产出，不断输出。不过，要注意的是我们在阅读和写作的过程中，我们强调“整进整出”------由“整体输入”到“整体输出”。因为，语言学习是一个从整体到部分然后再到整体的过程。我们的新读写理念是：read the world, write the world. 强调文化层面的探索世界，了解世界和回应世界的过程。 从韩宝成教授的视频讲座中，我学到了很多东西，也了解一些当前新形势下的一些新理念。印象尤其深刻的是视频中所列举的几个典型案例。他列举了四位大师学习英语的成功案例，以他们的亲身经历告诉我们怎么学好英语，怎么教好英语。每个案例之后，都附上令人深思的思考题：读什么？怎么读？写什么？怎么写？怎么评？ 读什么？怎么读？那要看你的目的是什么：是学好英语？还是为了考试？学好英语当然考试也会考得好，而考试考得好并不一定会学好英语。我们要学好英语，就“必须用第一语言环境里的材料作为学习材料”，就应该“大量阅读外语小说和剧本”，这“对增强外语语感和促进外语的正确使用，帮助是巨大的。”因为，故事、小说里的语境最丰富，语言最生动活泼。在故事小说里，我们不仅学习了词汇、语法，我们还在这特定的语境下，培养了“语感”，提升了“文感”。 有了这样的“整进”，我们就可以有适当的“整出”。“或倾听。或模仿，或朗
读，或表演，或复述，或讨论，或评说，或改写，或续编，或自创”。
英语阅读与写作
浙江师范大学研究生 《英语写作》考试卷（A卷） （2009 ---2010 学年第 1 学期） 考试形式闭卷考试对象 2009级非英语专业研究生 考试时间 120 分钟出卷时间 2010 年 1 月 13 日 说明：本卷分值_100__分，考生应将全部答案都写在答题纸上，否则作无效处理。 Part I. The following words are rather general. Write as many relevant specific words as possible. (At least 3 specific words for each general word) (10%) 1.flower 2.wind 3.angry Part II. Rewrite the following sentences by eliminating the mistakes in them. (10%) 1.With the cold climate and vegetation is scarce, firewood is a valuable resource. 2.First, as we all know that cosmetics always contain complex chemical elements to which many people will be allergic. 3.Many people get up early to jog along country lanes, to observe the wonder of nature, or just watching the sun come up. 4.Wearing uniform is a way to show our identity, however, it is not a good way to show our own personalities. 5.Some kinds of pollutions spread out so thick and fast that we cannot do anything effective to prevent it. Such as green house effect, it has caused the iceberg in two poles to melt.
迎接评估大学英语阅读与写作训练材料.
迎接评估大学英语阅读与写作训练材料 作文范文一Fighting Criminals Today the crime rate in some cities of our country is rising. Many citizens often complain about the thefts and robberies that have taken place in the areas they live in and appeal to the governments at all levels to take effective measures to reduce the crime rate. Faced with criminals, some people are so frightened that they shamelessly give up the fight and other people turn a blind eye to them. However, some people are brave enough, to risk their lives to fight the criminals. Their fearless actions prevented the criminals from doing evils, saved the victims, and protected the public properties. To reduce the crime rate, we all the people should first receive a law education. Criminals must be severely punished. Meanwhile we should set up a foundation to reward those who fight criminals. It is also important to call on people to learn from those heroes and encourage more people to stand up to crime. 作文范文二:Advertisements Advertisements are getting their way into people's lives. People depend on advertisers in their daily lives because they are consumers. The advertisers are always manufacturers. Sometimes they are salesmen. Their merchandise needs advertising. Thus nearly every product is advertised. To some extent, good advertising means success while bad advertising can means failure. There are many ways to advertise and 'ads' come in different forms. Newspaper carries advertisements. Some products are announced on TV and radio which have a wide audience. Billboards also carry advertising. Advertising is a big industry now and many agencies are set up to furnish a variety of services for it. However, advertising is not always truthful. A product is often misrepresented. The advertiser exaggerates the benefits of the merchandise he wants to sell. Thus, he misrepresents the truth. The consumer falls victim to such advertising. Millions of people have bought advertised products and they haven't always been satisfied. 作文范文三:My first Job Before I started at university, I took my first job as a waitress in a nice restaurant. At the night before my first day，I was too excited to go to sleep and as a result, I got up late in the morning. I threw on my clothes and rushed over to the restaurant.
小学英语阅读与写作
对小学英语阅读和写作的几点看法 传统的阅读课上课模式一般为：单词讲解→课文翻译→语言点讲解→课文朗读→背诵段落，由词及句，由句及段，再到语篇。这种“自下而上”的传统阅读教学，只注意语言点及语言本身的结构，导致学生只看到树木看不到森林，根本无法培养学生理解和吸收书面信息的能力，不利于学生对于较长篇幅文章的整体理解，并且导致学生一看到长的、生词多的文章就望而却步，而提高运用语言的能力更无从谈起。三段式阅读提起来简单只有阅读前阶段、阅读中阶段、阅读后阶段三个阶段，但每个步骤所包含的内容却很多。 阅读前阶段就是准备工作，教师在授课前应该查找该文章的相关资料，让学生课前热身。同时不定时地利用多媒体技术让学生了解人物或事情的一些基本情节，在此基础上再让学生阅读所给内容时，则更容易与文章的某些观念产生共鸣，也更能够激发其阅读的兴趣。有了较好的课前导入学生就让学生对即将面对了文章有了一种期待。阅读中阶段要侧重学生阅读技巧和阅读策略的培养。让学生从整体上理解课文大意，找出主题句、关键词，使学生对文章的结构、内容有个大致的了解。一般小学教材的每篇Let’s read后面都有几个小问题，如果没有也可以由教师提前出在黑板上，让学生带着问题去读，围绕着问题在文中快速找出答案。问题可由易到难，也可以提出一些延伸性问题来开拓学生的视野，培养创造性思维。在此阶段教师一定要注意在教室里进行耐心地指导，尤其要帮助那些基础较差的学生。阅读后阶段是对所学文章的一个巩固，本节课效果如何取决于一个“练”
字。效果尤其需通过笔头来检测，因为这更突出了实践的原则。需根据课文内容设计一些典型练习，从而达到巩固所学知识，温故而知新，活学活用之目的。 小学英语教师对写作认识有一定的误区，其实小学生的写作要求不同于中学，小学的写作训练不能和小学生的能力脱钩，不能和学生的学习生活实际脱钩。英语写作训练和教学应服务于小学英语课堂，延伸于课堂并让课堂更有效。写作形式应具儿童型和多样性，字数也没有必要和中学相比。对于小学高年级段的学生来说，课文教学已经接近初中的语篇教学，那么，这部分学生就应该尝试英语写作。英语写作更是他们展示英语才能的一种途径。所以作为一名小学英语教师应该更新教学观念，设计一些符合小学生认知规律、实效性较高的写作活动，促进学生的英语技能全面发展。那么，作为小学英语教师，怎么设置比较可行的写作训练方案呢设定的原则是什么呢.原则1.不让学生有过多的学习负担。笔者认为，写作训练应紧扣学生所学教材，把写作训练当作适时的家庭作业，或课堂书写训练。 原则2.要求学生所学语言知识能综合运用于写作中，不建议用多少华丽的词语，甚至花大量的时间查字典，基本用所学的单词。 原则3.学生写作内容贴近学生的英语学习和生活，所写的主题和所教课文同步。挖掘教材中的写作素材。模仿课文写作，或跟课文话题相当。
小学英语高年级阅读写作指导教学设计
Dick was not old, but he does not have much hair. His wife Emma has thick, beautiful black hair. They have a son. His name is Peter, and he is five years old. One day, Dick was reading a book in his study. Peter looked at his father for a long time and then said to his mother, “Why does Papa have so little hair, Mama?” Emma laughed and said, “He has little hair because he thinks a lot. He’s a very clever man.” Peter looked at his mother’s thick black hair for a few seconds and then said, “Then I know why you have so much hair.” I Read carefully and write “T” for True and “F” for False beside the statements. ( ) 1 Dick is five years old. ( ) 2 Dick has much hair. ( ) 3 Dick’s wife has much hair. ( ) 4 Dick is a very clever man. ( ) 5 Emma has so much hair because she isn’t a clever woman. II Choose the best answer to these questions. ( ) 1 Dick is Peter’s ____. A mother B father C sister D brother ( ) 2 Dick has ____hair. A no B beautiful C a little D long ( ) 3 Emma has ____hair. A no B short C long D thick ( ) 4 Emma says Dick is a ____man. A little B strong C foolish D clever ( ) 5 Peter thinks that Emma is ____. A nice B foolish C clever D kind III Fill in the blanks according to the meanings. 1 She is too ___________ to ride a bicycle. 她太小了，不能骑脚踏车。 2 ____________do you like winter? 你为什么喜欢冬天？ 3 I _____________you are very brave. 我认为你非常勇敢。 4 Don’t ______________at me. 不要嘲笑我。 5 Last winter the snow lay _______________on the ground.去年冬天，地上积雪很厚。Nasreddin put two big baskets of grapes on his donkey and went to the market.At midday it was very hot,so he stopped in the shade of a big tree.There were several other men there, and all of them had donkeys of grapes too.After their lunch they went to sleep. After some time,Nasreddin began to take grapes out of the other men's baskets and put them in his. Suddenly one of the men woke up and saw him.What are you doing? He said angrily. Oh,said Nasreddin,don't worry about me.I am half mad, and I do a lot of strange things. Oh,really?said the other man.Then why don't you sometimes take grapes out of your baskets and put them in somebody else's baskets? You did not understand me,said Nasreddin.I said that I was half mad, not quite mad. ( )1.Nasreddin went to market_______. A. to sell his donkey B. to buy something C. to sell his grapes D. to find a job ( ) 2. Nasreddin stopped______. A.under a big tree B.near a big tree C.around a big tree D.in a big tree ( )3.As Nasreddin was taking away the other men's grapes , one of the men_______. A.pretended not to see him B. saw him and got angry C.woke his fellows up D.came at him ( )4.Nasreddin said that he did a lot of strange things because_______. A.he was clever B. he was quite mad C.he was foolish D.he was half mad ( )5.In this story Nasreddin was ______. A.a selfish man B.a strange man C.a friendly man D.a foolish man
大学英语专业英语写作试卷完整版
大学英语专业英语写作 试卷 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
Answer Sheet I . Rewrite the following titles according to general rules: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. II. Identify the figures of speech employed in each of the following sentences 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. III. Sentence identification A. Identify sentences as simple, compound, complex or compound-complex. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B. Identify sentences as loose, periodic, or balanced: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. IV. Rewrite the following according to the requirements listed in the brackets: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
V. Read the following, identify the mistakes and rewrite the sentences: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. VI. The following sentences are given in a wrong order. You are required to reorganize these sentences into a coherent paragraph by putting the numbers of these sentences into their correct order. The correct order: VII. Choose the most suitable topic sentence for each paragraph. 1. 2. 3. VIII. Choose from the following transitional expressions and put them in the blanks in the paragraphs. 1. 2. 3. 4. IX. Writing I. Rewrite the following titles according to general rules. (5 points, 1 point for each) 1. approaches to teaching english as a foreign language 2. what can the artist do in the world of today 3. hit-and-run accidents 4. best ways to say I love you 5. where i lived, and what i lived for
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大学英语提高班课程:阅读与写作5E01 金戌捷 Email: jin_xj@https://www.360docs.net/doc/5710455449.html, 班级QQ群号：462648764 Office: E521 1.课程教材: Reading: English for Academic Study 2.课程授课及考核方式: （1）小组讨论，自主学习，团队研习，反思日志, 项目制作 （2）课程总成绩构成: 平时成绩（40%）+ 期末考试成绩（60%） （3）课程平时成绩构成：考勤(10%)+ 课堂表现presentation(20%) + 作业(30%) +测试及论文(40%) （4）作业: 2篇作文及互评 + 2篇阅读反思日志 （5）阅读反思日志: i.每组从书中选定一篇上课时未使用过的文章,组员单独阅读并完成课后练习, 然后讨论汇总,完成反思日志。 ii.每组汇总制作项目时所阅读的所有资料文章数据,完成反思日志。 （6）项目制作(演讲 +论文): 学生以3-4人一组完成一项项目制作，其具体内容与执行方式由每组同学自行 设计，要求确定一个topic (e.g. energy, business, science technology, society today, food, HR management, fashion, etc.)，提出一个具体可行的research question，阅 读相关背景资料，收集数据，分析回答所提出的问题。最后每位同学完成小组 演讲 (每人3-5分钟) ,每组提交一篇论文,每人撰写其中一个章节200字左 右。 ***** 选题建议：以学科专业为依托，从日常生活学习兴趣出发 ***** 3.课程内容与进度表:
优秀小学英语阅读教学心得体会范本 -精选范文
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Unit 5 Text A Aristotle Got It Right David Cameron Well-being, not just wealth, should mark the progress of our societies. It is hard to escape the fact that in developed societies, despite progress, innovation and prosperity, there is nothing not quite right. In some cases, it is hard for people to put a finger on it: a feeling of emptiness and not belonging, a lack of defined relationships and solid social structures. In other respects, it is really quantifiable:rates of drug abuse, violent crime and depression and suicide are rocketing. Why are we unhappy?It seems that the Enlightenment brought forth unparalleled liberty in economic,social and political life, but we are now undergoing a midlife crisis. The politics of happiness is nothing new. In his Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle said that eudaimonia, or happiness , is the goal of life. But for me , the person who brings the great conundrum of personal happiness is Robert Kennedy . In a beautiful1y crafted speech , he said what "makes life worthwhile" is "the health of our children ,the quality of their education, the joy of their play,""the strength of our marriages… our devotion to our country"and our "wit ... wisdom and courage." And he pointed out that none of these could be measured by gross national product.
新发展大学英语阅读与写作4课文翻译Reading for Pleasure为快乐而读书
Reading for Pleasure he first thing I want to insist on is that reading should be enjoyable. Of course, there are many books that we all have to road, either to pass examinations or to acquire information,from which it is impossible to extract enjoyment. We aro reading them for instruction, and the best we can hope is that our need for it will enable us to get through them without todium. Such books wo read with resignation rather than with alacrity. But that is not the sort of roading I have in mind. The books I shall mention in due course will help you neither to get a degree nor to earn your living, they will not teach you to sail a boat or get a stalled motor to run, but they will help you to live more fully. That, however, they cannot do unless you enjoy reading them. Every man is his own best critic. Whatever the learned say about a book, however unanimous they are in their praise of it,unless it interests you, it is no business of yours. And you who read are the final judge of the value to you of the book you are reading. We are none of us exactly like everyone else, only rather like, and it would be unreasonable to suppose that the books that have meant a great deal to me should be precisely those that will mean a great deal to you. But they are books that I feel the richer for having read, and I think I should not be quite the man I am if I had not read them. No one is under an obligation to read poetry or fiction or the miscellaneous literature which is classed as belleslettres. He must read them for pleasure, and who can claim that what pleases one man must necessarily please another? 为快乐而读书 我想坚持的第一点是，阅读应当是愉悦的。自然，我们每一个人都会为了通过考试，或是为了获取信息而阅读大量的书籍。从这样的阅读中我们无法获取快乐。我们读这些书是为了接受教育。我们最多只能希望自己对这些书籍的需要使得我们在读完之后不至于感到单调乏味。这样的书，我们读得无可奈何而不是轻松愉快。然而，我心目中的阅读不属于这一种。我在下面很快将要提到的那一类书既不能帮助你获取学位，也不能帮助你挣钱谋生，更不能教会你驾驶船只或修好出了故障的马达，然而，它们能够帮助你活得更加充实。而这一点，除非你喜欢阅读它们，否则是无法做到的。 每个人都是他自己最好的评论家。无论什么学者对某一本书说了些什么，无论他们如何众口一词地对它大加称赞，倘若它激不起你的兴趣，那么这本书就与你毫不相干。作为读者，你是你所读书籍价值的最终仲裁人。我们当中，没有一个人跟另外一个人完全相像，至多有点相像而已。想当然地认为对我来说很有价值的书恰恰对你也很有价值，这是不合情理的。但是这些书的特点是：在读完之后，我感到更加充实了，我觉得要是没有读它们，我就不会成为现在的我。没有什么人非要去阅读诗歌、小说以及其他归为“纯文学”的作品不可。读者阅读这些作品必然是为了获取快乐；而谁又能说，使一位读者感到愉悦的书一定会让另一位读者喜欢呢?