现代大学英语精读3第二单元知识点归纳

Unit 2

I.W ord Study

bitter: adj. 1) not sweet, tasting like beer eg: Good medicine tastes bitter. 2) hard to bear; causing sorrow eg:That failure was a bitter experience for him.3) filled with or showing envy, hatred, remorse or disappointment eg: bitter quarrels/words/enemies/tears 4) piercing cold eg: a bitter win (Antonyms: grateful thankful) fight to the bitter end 战斗到底take the bitter with the sweet接受顺境也接受逆境

broke:adj. without any money eg: He went broke. Synonyms: penniless impoverished bankrupt

broken a broken home破裂的家庭 a broken promise背弃的诺言

a broken spirit消沉的意志broken English蹩脚的英语

cover: (coverage uncover) v. 1) to place or hide sth. over in order to hide or protect eg: He had to cover his ears when the noise became really unbearable.2) to have… in size eg: This national park covers roughly 400 square miles of beautiful land.3) to travel a certain distance eg: By sunset they had covered 30 miles.4) to include eg: The 700-dollar rent does not cover water, electricity and telephone service. 5) to protect sb. by aiming a gun at the enemy eg: He began to move towards the house carefully, and Bob covered him. 6) (of money) to be enough for eg: $1,000 will cover his needs for the journey.

credit: n. (adj. creditable) 1) delayed payment 赊账；信贷He bought this car on credit. eg: The bank refused further credits to the company. 2) praise 光荣；功劳eg: We must give her credit for our discovery.

I think that he deserves all the credit for lifting the villagers out of poverty. 3) sth. that can bring honor or pride to sb. eg: These Olympic gold medalists are no doubt a great credit to our country.4) recognition for a successfully completed course at the university eg: The professor decided to give him full credit for the exam. 5) money shown as owned by a person, company in a bank account eg: You have a credit balance of $500. 6) belief; trust; confidence eg: The rumor is gaining credit.

Drip v. to fall or let sth. fall in very small drops n. the drop-by-drop falling of a liquid

eg:The tap is dripping. His paintbrush is dripping. It’s so hot that he’s dripping with sweat.

There was no noise except for the drip, drip, drip of water.

druggist: n. sb. who is trained to prepare drugs and medicines and works in a shop (chemist; pharmacist)

take/use drugs 吸毒drug abuse 滥用毒品drug addiction/addict 毒品上瘾/上瘾者

drug dealer 毒品贩子miracle drug 有奇效的药物drugstore 药店；杂货店

glimpse: v. to see sb or sth. for a moment without getting a complete view of them (synonym :glance)

eg. I glimpsed her face in the crowd, but then she was gone.

n. get/catch a glimpse of /a glimpse of what life might be like in the future

harness n. a piece of equipment for controlling a horse worn over the horse’s head and shoulders

v. to control and use the natural force of sth.

Intimate (intimately adv. intimacy n.) adj. 1) having an extremely close relationship eg. They are intimate friends. She’s on intimate terms with important people in the government. 2) private and personal eg. tell a

friend the intimate details of one’s life3) resulting from close study or great familiarity eg. an intimate knowledge of Greek philosophy (Antonyms: distant formal remote)

lick: v. 1) to pass the tongue over or under eg. The cat was licking its paws. 2) (esp. of flames, waves) to touch lightly eg. He dashed into the house to save the child despite the licking flames.他不顾四下乱窜的火舌，冲进屋里抢救那个孩子。 3 ) (sl.) to overcome; triumph over (defeat /beat) eg. Well, that licks everything! 那真是闻所未闻、见所未见的事。

loaf: vt. & vi. to waste time; spend time idly (idle) e g. Don’t loaf about while there’s so much to be done. Don’t loaf away your time.n. 一条a loaf of eg. Half a loaf is better than none.聊胜于无

loafer n. a person who loafs游手好闲者

momentary adj. momentarily: adv. （momentous momentum）lasting for a very short time

eg. There was a momentary pause. She paused momentarily and glanced over her shoulder. Mr. Johnson will be with you momentarily. (Antonyms: lasting; permanent)

shed: n.building, roughly made structure, used for storing things （Synonyms ：hut /shack）

tool-shed 工具房wood-shed 柴房coal-shed 煤房cattle-shed 畜棚bicycle-shed 自行车棚shed: v. to let fall; let come off

shed tears 流泪shed crocodile tears 假慈悲shed blood 流血shed skin 蜕皮shed light on 阐明

smash: v. to break into small pieces, usually violently (Synonyms: shatter destroy break into pieces)

smash a window打破窗户smash a record 打破纪录smash the enemy 击溃敌人

smash up the furniture 捣毁家具smash up a monopoly 打破垄断

strike: v. 1. to give sb. a particular impression eg. How did the movie strike you?/ He struck me as a very hard-working student. 2. to stop working eg. The new labor law allows workers to strike in privately-owned enterprises. 3. to hit eg. Strike while the iron is hot.4. to cause to sound eg. The clock has just struck twelve. 5. to put sb. suddenly into a particular state eg. be struck blind/dumb/silent 6. to fill with fear, etc. eg. strike fear/terror/alarm into sb.

surrender: v. 1.to say officially that you want to stop fighting because you know you cannot win eg. We advised the hijackers to surrender to the police. 2. to yield up or abandon possession of eg. We shall never surrender our liberty. 3.to yield or give way to (a habit, emotion, etc.) eg. He surrendered himself to despair.

sympathize: v. 1. to feel sorry for sb. because you understand their problem eg. She sympathized with him in his sufferings. 2. to give approval or encouragement to eg. Tom’s parents do not sympathize with his ambition to become an actor.

sympathy: n. I have no sympathy for those people. They deserve their punishment. We are all in sympathy with your proposals.sympathetic: adj.sympathetic face/words/looks be sympathetic to

II.Phrases and Expressions

a flow of (pride) a continuous stream, movement, or supply of sth. During the tourist season, the flow of traffic

usually doubles. / Thanks to a steady flow of foreign capital, they are able to expand their economy rapidly. They know they are going to face a terrible flow of refugees if nothing is done to prevent this humanitarian disaster.

a flow of angry words 滔滔的怒言 a flow of spirits 喜气洋洋 a flow of eloquence 流利的口才

a flow of news of victories 频传的捷报flowchart 流程图flowmeter 流量表

be ashamed (of) He should be ashamed of what he has done. / She felt ashamed that she had done little to help them./ He was ashamed to ask for help. shameful conduct可耻的行为 a shameless exploiter 无耻的剥削者

be thick with 1. to be abounding or packed with eg. The air was thick with dust. 2. to be intimate with eg. John is very thick with Anne now.

as thick as thieves: very friendly through thick and thin: under any kind of conditions, good or bad

be up What’s up?/ Y ou’re up early today/ The game is up./ When is your leave up?/ The river is up. He is up a few pounds.

be up to 1) to be occupied or busy with eg.What’s he up to?2) to be equal to eg. He’s not up to this job. /I don’t feel up to going to work today.3) to be as far as eg. He is up to his neck in debts. 4) to be required as necessary eg. It’s up to us to give them all the help we can.

call it quits (infml.) to agree that a debt or an argument is settled; agree to stop doing sth.

Will you call it quits if I pay you twenty dollars? / Let’s do one more exercise, and we’ll call it quits.

call it a day Let’s call it a day. 今天就干到这里，收工吧。

cling to (Synonyms: stick to /hold to/ keep to )The child clung to his mother’s skirt.那个孩子紧抓着他妈妈裙子。cling to one’s view坚持己见cling to one’s hope that…始终抱着······的希望

be down and out 1) (boxing) to be knocked out, unable to resume the fight He was down and out in the last hit. 2) (fig.) to be beaten in the struggle of life; be unemployed and without money His father was down and out at that time. 那时候他父亲穷困潦倒。

be down with Nearly a quarter of our class were down with flu.病倒

be down to We were down to the last 500 yuan. We had to raise a loan from the bank. 只剩下最后五百块钱

slip off to go off quietly or secretly without being noticed or caught The general used to slip off and have a quiet drink in the bar.

slip a coat on/off 迅速穿上/ 脱下上衣slip into/out of a dress 迅速穿上/ 脱去衣服

slip a coin into one’s hand把一枚硬币迅速塞入某人手中slip through one’s fingers未抓住；未把握住

let sth. Slip 放手；放过；错过slip one’s mind（某事）被忘记 a slip of the tongue / pen 口误/ 笔误

1. Is there anything you want from town? I am going to get _______.

A. to mail those letters

B. these letters mailed

C. mailed letters

D. those letters to mail

2. His remarks left me ______ about his real purpose.

A. wondered

B. wonder

C. to wonder

D. wondering

3. Don’t put th e TV set in ______ place.

A. a such warm

B. what warm a

C. how warm a

D. too warm a

4. Exercising is ______ as any to lose unwanted weight.

A. as a good way

B. so a good way

C. as good a way

D. too good a

5.The output of steel in this year is ______.

A. three times as high as that of 1990

B. three times high as 1990

C. as three times higher as that of 1990

D. as high as three times as that of 1990

6. W e often advise him not to drink more wine ______ is good for his health.

A. as

B. than

C. that

D. but

7. ______ about the bookkeeper’s honesty, the company asked him to resign.

A. There be some questions

B. There were some questions

C. There have been some questions

D. There being some questions

8. The children went there to watch the iron tower _____.

A. to erect

B. erecting

C. be erected

D. being erected

9. With the development in science and technology, man can make various flowers ______ before their time.

A. be bloomed

B. blooming

C. bloom

D. bloomed

10. Melted iron is poured into the mixer ______ tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.

A. in the same way like

B. in the same way which

C. in the same way

D. in the same way as

11. I will not spend s o much money on that fur coat, for I don’t think it is ______.

A. worth buying

B. worth of

C. worthy

D. worthwhile

12. All the parts of this washing machine are ______, so that it is very convenient to replace them.

A. normalized

B. modernized

C. mechanized

D. standardized

13. The novel contains some marvelously revealing ______ of rural life in the 19th century.

A. glances

B. glimpses

C. glares

D. gleans

14. He ______ out of the window for a moment and then went on working.

A. glanced

B. viewed

C. glimpsed

D. saw

15. He was ______ of having asked such a silly question.

A. sorry

B. for students’ being

C. ashamed

D. miserable

16. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not ______ to close examination.

A. look up

B. pay up

C. keep up

D. stand up

17. It’s usually the case that people seldom behave in a ______ way when in a furious state.

A. stable

B. rational

C. legal

D. credible

18. He moved away from his parents and missed them ______ enjoy the exciting life in New Y ork.

A. enough to

B. too much to

C. very much to

D. much so as to

19. The heart is ______ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.

A. not so

B. much more

C. not more

D. no more

20. The children had never been subject to any discipline and so were completely ______.

A. out of hand

B. out of place

C. out of season

D. out of action BDDCA BDDCD ADBAC DBBDA