综英教材写作词汇整理 大二上及大一下

大一下期综英写作整理(淡紫色是大二上的)

作文重点：1.不能重复，不能用恶俗的词（people, important等）

2.少用第一人称，不用第二人称

3.多变换句式，少用主动句，多用某个单词的名词形式造句

4.注意正确使用标点符号

一、词与短语

最常用词替换：

Thing ---- Stuff

Issue 指正规的事（important thing）

具体化：change? Story? News?

Phenomenon ---- Occurrence (事件，中性)

（现象，带贬义）

Social problems: Social headaches

Good ---- Enjoyable

Advantages ----strengths

Disadvantages---- weakness

Very---- much too, far too

接负面情绪时，be sick with + fear, depression, anxiety Suddenly----unexpectedly; abruptly

Attractive --- inviting/tempting/irresistible

all people agree：this is a consensus

Of --- among （E.g.: of the four heroes）

important ---- Matter: it matters (much) to sb/what matters much is that...

it is important for sb. to do sth. ----------What counts for sb. is that 重要的是....

good at ---- Specialized in /skilled in /expert in

be good for/beneficial for ---------- Be favorable for

be careful: alert, cautious, watchful., wary, suspicious

be puzzled: be reeling, dizzy, bewildered

the business of ---------the task of ......的任务

all kinds of /sorts of sth. --------- … of all kinds

not necessarily 不一定，表达语气的委婉。It is not necessarily the case that…

can, could, shall, must, might-------- tend to; be more likely to

be capable of doing

cannot----fail to do, failure to, but in vain learn，face，meet：be exposed to; have a wide exposure to; get access to

be used: be employed

increasing(ly) /increasing number of ---------- more and more

usually ---------- more often than not

as a result ------------ It turned out that/to be

Sth. is a rare/common occurrence 、、、、、、是一个偶然/必然的现象

have the advantage of --- enjoy advantage over 优于、、、、、、

hold considerable superiority over…..

做什么有优势There is sth to be said for/ about sth

Set the stage for sth

have the disadvantage of --- suffer disadvantage 劣于、、、、、、

during -------------- in the course of 在....的过程中

try one's best --------- make great (an/much) effort /exertion to do sth.

Be responsible to do ---- Be committed to doing sth. 有责任或者义务做某事Be eager to /very want to --- be desperate to do sth. 极度渴望做某事

could n’t wait to do sth

Be the only one to sb --- be peculiar to sb. 对某人而言。。。是独一无二的

on surface --- seemingly

be enough / be many ---- be more than adequate 绰绰有余

be replaced by --- give way to

it’s difficult for sb to do sth--- sb be stuck for doing sth

sth make one think --- sth/sb keep one thought on

poor area--- under-developed pockets of the country

in order to do sth--- so as to do sth

be interested in----take to

responsibility: commitment

ancient: age-old

try to ---endeavor to

feel in love with sb----have a romantic relationship with sb (正式)

have an effect on ----exert a definite influence on

set an example for----model for

make preparations for----be paved with

intentionally---- by design, out of principle

especially---- in particular

useful-----beneficial, efficient, instructive

plant----vegetation

pollution----contamination

But----Yet, on the contrary, in contrast

Serious----harsh

Try to do sth ----make an attempt to do sth, endeavor to do

Continually----in an endless stream

Useless----futile, meaningless,

Use---employ （使用）

Exactly----precisely, definitely,

Increase----build up

Great---considerable

Help---assistance

Will----be more (un)likely to do, be inclined to do, be willing to do, tend to Be unaware of …, have no idea about-----be wholly ignorant of…

I don’t mean that----it is not my contention that….

Generally---it is no accident that…

It is not a common occurrence that…

It is not surprising that…

For the most cases/ in most cases

So quickly and easily-----with a speed and ease

Convenient--- with convenience

Forever---- eternally

Be equal to ----amount to

Obviously-----transparently

Modern society------affluent

Immediately------promptly

Difficult-------challenging

Angry-----rage, fury

Unspeakable------- unutterable

Sometimes-------every now and then, at times, from time to time

Seldom-------rarely, occasionally,

It is not a rare occurrence

Know little------- well(ill)-informed

Adv.+adj.的用法：(定性副词加形容词)代替very + adj.

e.g. seemingly different

basically important (totally, fundamentally, utterly, thoroughly ,

physically healthy

environmentally beneficial

worldly famous

scientifically advanced

exceptionally convincing

penetrating (犀利的，有洞察力的)

bring sb. to tears(写影评时)

bring sb. to attention(写社会热点)：sth. bring the public to attention

描述原因的介词：

Because ---- from/for/with/out of/for the simplest reason that E.g.: for the

sake of 为了

用于作文中表达最后一个观点：

In addition (替换序数词)

Additionally

Besides

Another (reason, factor, method, approach, view, point )

善用模糊词E.g.: partly from

have the expression of ------ wear an expression of ......的表情

As it were, 也就是说

用于文章结尾说明措施：it takes years to develop to do sth

Sth cannot be underestimated

承上启下: Opinions are divided./ Opinions vary greatly.

二、句型

Although句子: 用as 引导的让步倒装句

举例说明：

for example ---------- Say,... /...,say,... / such as...

列举并列的句子用语：

And..., as well / as well as /A, B, and C as well

插入语:

...,say,... ...,however,... ...therefore,... ...,moreover,... **","不能连接两个句子

句型替换：

在when, if 从句中，如果主句和从句的主语一致，且有be动词，则把从句主语省略，同时谓语表位ing形式

当两个句子的主语相同或有一定关联时，试着把其中一个句子变为非谓语的形式。

Eg: She had a son who was handicapped and needed her care. So she often had to ask for leave because of him. But gradually she encouraged him to learn a useful trade.

换后的句子：With a son who was handicapped and needed her care, she often had to ask for…

描述模式的改变：

I see sth ---- Sth. come into my view

I couldn’t sleep ---- sleep had gone

I want to say ---- sth. spring to my lips /

I think of sth ---- sth. surge into my mind; sth that sticks are….

We begin to know --- Sth. put sb. in touch with

Sth. be exposed to sb.

Sb. get access to doing sth.

Sth introduce sb to …

I agree with sb.----- I agree with sb, saying that… (不要只会表达观点，学会细化)

Sb frowns at it, arguing that……

Sth makes sb understand : sth put you in touch with

sb don’t know ---- Sb. has the faintest idea 丝毫不知道

sth become worse and worse --- sth snowball into the trouble

sb think----Personally, however,…….

it has ever occurred to sb that , it has ever dawned on sb that…

sth that sticks are…(深入人心，难以忘却)

Considering…

Be angry…------it irritates sb that…..

Sb should (not) do sth---- it is (not) a good policy to do sth

不好的方面的表达

表结果：bring sth to ruin（把努力、、、破坏殆尽）

Be angry…------it irritates sb that…..

Sb should (not) do sth---- it is (not) a good policy to do sth

Sb frowns at it, arguing that……

shelter from sth (不好的东西)

cannot----fail to do, failure to, but in vain

very+ 负面情绪-----be sick with+ fear, depression, pressure, anxiety,

描述社会现象：the growing gap between (the rich and the poor )

令人担忧的…the most alarming of …(change, state of affairs ,tend) is that…

不好的东西渗透到…里面find its way into sth/ sp

Be caught up…

suffer disadvantage 劣于、、、、、、

it is (not) a good policy to do sth

缺乏对…的关注lack of/ shortage of

inadequacy/ insufficiency

Have trouble: Be badly stuck

Tired: back-brearking

give us a timely alarming 给我们一个及时的警告

have bad effect on: work harm on

worse and worse…………deteriorate(用于身体、世态、形势、环境等恶化)(名

词形式:deterioration)

其它句型：

It is something more than a 后跟对事件定性的名词：failure, success, change, reform…

It is not surprisingly to say…。。。并不惊讶(肯定某个观点)

It means that... / it refers to... / it is described that.../it is characterized by...

The hour /month /moment /year... 引导时间状语从句

因果句先写结果后引出原因，because最好不用在句子的开头

There are three factors accounting for my perspective.

Sth. give sb. a thought-provoking question. 某事提出了一个引人深思的问题

责任/负担/任务等落在某人身上：…rest on sb.

The responsibility for the education of children rests on the parents as well as schools.

作出口头承诺：pay lip service to

某人独享：sb pay an exclusive claim to sth

……说不好，说不清there is no telling wh-clause

there is no such thing/person as…

用于提出建议、解决问题、谈谈未来发展的方向

seek to do sth. 致力于/力图于…

表示时间渐变：come to (grow to) realize…

For many years-----for years, for decades

模糊时间：in the latter half of the twentieth century

展示什么样的形象：project / demonstrate the image of ….

it is highly advocated by sb that….大力支持（描述某种举措）

A is what

B is really about…（下定义的时候）

三、话题词汇

人物外表

Build: stocky壮slim纤细skinny瘦骨嶙峋plump well-built结实of average build thin瘦削

Face：round oval鹅蛋脸square with wrinkles带皱纹

Complexion肤色：fair白dark rosy cheeks白里透红pale

sun-tanned小麦色

Facial feature：high cheek-bond flat/pointed nose high /narrow

forehead bushy eyebrows

Hair: ponytail马尾fringe刘海side-parting偏分

Cloth：v/round-neck pullover 套头jerseys紧身毛衣

Style: casual shabby邋遢neat and tidy

mood: 不好的----flagging spirit, depressed, gloomy, irritated, frustrated, furious, muddled迷惑的，subdued抑郁的，reluctant, regretful, penitent后悔的

好的------radiant,

About Chinese education:

Spoon-feeding can only fatten Peking Duck quickly but not produce creative genius.

uneducated 未受过教育的；文盲的(illiterate) illiteracy(文盲) undereducated 受教育不足的；未收到良好教育的

well-educated 受到良好教育的

ill-educated 未受到良好教育的

人物身份及政治术语等

household names家喻户晓的名人

revolutionary martyrs 革命烈士

great statesmen 政治家

influential politician 政客

corrupt official 腐败官员

preschool kids学龄前儿童

city resident 城市居民

international student 交换生

university postgraduates研究生

pursue an expansionist policy 扩张主义(the traditional policy of peaceful co-existence 和平共处政策)

remain under careful observation留院观察

下岗工人：laid-off worker 再就业：get re-employed

The democratically-elected president 民主选举的总统

The man of the hour/ year 此刻的、年度风云人物

地界表达：

farmhouse restaurant 农家乐

Roaring thoroughfare 喧闹的大街

field of letters 文学界

intellectual circles 知识界

human community 人类社会

densely-populated area 人口密集区

heavy flow of traffic 车流量大

flow of cars and buses 车水马龙

densely-populated area 人口密集区

metropolitan city 大都市

the city of form and rules 布局合理、井然有序的城市urban life 城镇生活

rural area 农村地区

newspaper business 报界

area of poverty 贫穷地区，poverty-striken area特别贫穷地区narrow the gap between rich and poor缩小贫富差距，

low carbon life低碳生活，

家庭和人际：

devoted, loving son 孝敬的儿子；

parental advice 父母的教诲

devoted friends 挚友

well-connected 人脉广泛

arranged marriage 包办婚姻

material property/ worldly possessions 物质财富

a crowd of ordinary people 芸芸众生

an expression of unutterable resignation 无可奈何的表情

文章语言；

Academic, formal, serious, educational, plain,

个人成长过程：

identity crisis 认知危机

parental approval 父母认同（marital status婚姻状况）religious faith 宗教信仰

moral/ ethical values 道德价值观

personal growth and expansion 个人成熟

load off one’s shoulder 减压

load off students’ shoulder 减负

aging 老龄化：

环境生态：（主要来自Silent Spring一课）

Rainy season 雨季（旱季dried season ）

sustainable development 可持续发展

even balance 稳定的平衡动态平衡dynamic balance

噪音的危害：hearing less lack of sleep irritability(烦躁) heartburn(心慌) indigestion (消化不良) high blood pressure heart disease

deforestation 森林破坏

Acid rain 酸雨

desert vacation 沙漠化

soil acidification 土壤酸化

overfish 过渡渔猎

经济：

Bargain basement 折扣店

Economic recession 经济萧条

The labor and management 工方和资方

In an endless spiral of inflation 通货膨胀

个人所得税tax private property

量词搭配：

A flood of migrants

A blaze of color

A coat of paint

A cloud of dust

A blanket/ chain of poisoning A carpet of snow

A stream of complaints A forest of flags

A shower of stones

A sea of faces

好句引用：

Identity is determined by genetic endowment, shaped by environment, and

influenced by chance events.

More men fail through ignorance of their strength than fail through knowledge of their weakness.

Don’t judge each day by the harvest you reap, but by the seeds you plant.

The things taught in schools and colleges are not an education, but the means of an education. ------Emerson They say a person needs just these things to be truly happy in this world: someone to love, something to do, and something to hope for.

A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. -----Churchill