无选项完形填空[1].

【1】Insurance is the sharing of _(1). Nearly everyone is exposed _(2) of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his _(3) can be damaged by fire; the ship owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die by _(4) and _(5) his family in poverty. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire or every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a _(6) sum of money into a pool, there will be enough to _(7) the needs of the few who do suffer _(8). In other words the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the _(9). This is the basis of _(10). Those who pay the contributions are known as _(11) and those who administer the pool of the contributions as insurer.

The _(12) for an insurance naturally depends on how the risk is to happen as suggested _(13) past experience. If the companies fix their premiums too _(14), there will be more competition in their branch of insurance and they may lose _(15). On the other hand, if they make the premiums too low, they will not have _(16) and may even have to drop out _(17) business. So the ordinary forces of supply and _(18) keep premiums at a proper _(19) to both insurers and those who _(20) insurance.

答案：1. risks 2. to 3. property/house 4. accident/chance 5. leave 6.

small/certain 7. meet 8. loss/losses 9. many 10. insurance 11. insured

12. premium 13. by 14. high 15. business/money 16. profit 17. of 18.

demand 19. level 20. buy

【2】Motivation is “the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.”

And goals are the sought-after results _(1) motivated behavior.

Motivation can be eitherpositive or negative _(2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, _(3) a driving force away from some

object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away _(4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives _(5) needs, wants or desires, _(6) negative drives as fears or aversions. _(7), though negative and positive motivational

forces seem to differ dramatically _(8) terms of physical and sometimes

emotional activity, they are basically similar in _(9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior. _(10) this reason, researchers often refer _(11) both kinds of drives of motives as needs, wants and desires.

Goals, _(12), can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward _(13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is _(14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be

considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refers to _(15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain _(16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and _(17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin _(18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams. _(19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal – attractiveness; in the _(20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a

negative goal – wrinkled skin.

答案：1. of 2. in 3. or 4. from 5. as 6. and 7. However 8. in 9.

that 10. For 11. to 12. too 13. which 14. one 15. both 16. as 17.

therefore/so 18. from 19. In 20. latter

【3】A good translator is by definition bilingual. The opposite is not _(1) true, however.

A born and bred bilingual will still need two _(2) to become a translator: first, the

skills and experience necessary for _(3); second, knowledge of the field in which he or she will _(4). The skills and experience for translation include the ability to write _(5) in the target language, the ability to read and understand the _(6) language material thoroughly, and the ability to work with the latest _(7) and communication hardware and software.

Dose a born and bred bilingual _(8) a better translator than someone who learned language B later in _(9)? There is no definite answer, but the following issues are important. _(10), a born and bred bilingual often suffers from not truly knowing _(11) language well enough to translate, with some even suffering from what _(12) known as a lingualism, a state in which a person lacks _(13) full, fluent command of any language. Second, born and bred bilinguals _(14) don’t know the culture of the target language well enough to _(15) top-quality translations, or cannot recognize what aspects of the source language _(16) its culture need to be treated with particular care, as they _(17) in a sense too close to the language. And last, they often _(18) the analytical linguistic skills to work through a sticky text.

On _(19) other hand, the acquired bilingual may not have the same in-depth _(20) of colloquialisms, slang, and dialect that the born bilingual has. Also, the acquired bilingual will not be able to translate as readily in both directions (from B to

language A and A to language B). Finally, born bilinguals often have a greater

appreciation of the subtleties and nuances of both their languages than someone who learns their B language later in life can ever hope to have.

答案：1. necessarily 2. things 3. translation 4. translate 5. well 6.

source 7. word-processing 8. make 9. life 10. First 11. any 12. is

13. a 14. often 15. provide 16. and 17. are 18. lack 19. the 20.

knowledge

【4】Statistics from China _(1) be mind boggling: 1.2 billion _(2), 1.73 trillion cigarettes smoked in a year, 7,000 different _(3) of woody plants. But amid all of these staggering sums, one factoid stands _(4) for both its audacious size and for what it says abouyt China’s future: there are 630 million Chinese under the age of 24. That’s a lot of _(5) energy to burn. Materialism may be the _(6) preoccupation among China’s young people these days, but just beneath the

surface lies a feeling _(7) wounded nationalist pride and an ever-deepening

spiritual hunger. It isn’t clear where China’s young people are headed. But this is

a generation that, by its _(8) size and certain talents, will _(9) the world’s

destiny.

Here’s another sobering statistic: this is Terry McCarthy’s 22nd, and fina, cover _(10) for TIME Asia-he’s leaving the region _(11) three years to become TIME’s Los Angeles _(12) chief. McCarthy, who has indefatigably crisscrossed Asia out of his twin bases of Hong Kong and Shanghai, was the main driver _(13) this week’s superb special report on young China. He developed the story list, guided much

_(14) the reporting and wrote some of the articles. All _(15) planning a swank black-tie masked ball last weekend in Shanghai. “ I was _(16) by the willingness of individual Chinese to write for us or talk about their _(17),” McCarthy says about the special _(18). “ These are the guys _(19) are going to be running the country in

20 _(20).” If we’re lucky, McCarthy will be back in the region long before then.

答案：1. can 2. people 3. species 4. out 5. youthful 6.

dominant/major/main 7. of 8. sheer 9. shape 10. story 11. after 12.

bureau 13. behind 14. of 15. while 16. amazed 17. lives 18. report

19. who 20. years

【5】Ageing is a demned nuisance. Just _(1) you think you have the experience, _(2) style, the wisdom, the confidence to _(3) gorgeous, it turns out your body _(4) are descending without the aid of _(5) parachute and going up a _(6) of stairs without gasping is a major _(7) challenge. Where is the justice in _(8)?

Red wine was invented as the consolation _(9) now one man wants to take the _(10) to nature. If the radical dream of Ed Moses _(11) true, we will no longer think _(12) 48 as middle age. It will be the beginning of life, bounding and

brimming with youthful _(13) and potential. One of the greatest track athletes of _(14) time, the 1976 and 1984 Olympic champion _(15) the 400 metres hurdles, is back in _(16).

Oh, don’t be daft, Edwin, all his friends and colleagues have been _(17). Michael Johnson, SebCoe, Daley Thompson have all looked him _(18) the earnest eye and forewarned _(19) of terrible injuries and humiliation. _(20) is a tide that no man may turn back, not even one who went unbeaten in his event for nine years, nine months and nine days, winning 122 consecutive races and driving despair into the hearts of his miserably traning rivals.

答案：1. when 2. the 3. be 4. parts 5. a 6. flight 7. fitness 8. that

9. but 10. challenge 11. comes 12. of 13. energy 14. all 15. in 16.

training 17. saying 18. in 19. him 20. Time

【6】60,000 volunteers from around the world will be trained _(1) the Olympic and Paralympic _(2) in Athens in 2004. Without the volunteers, _(3) Olympic Games as we know them _(4) would not exits. The volunteers, who are_(5) all ages,

cultures and backgrounds, all _(6) the same passion for sport and the Olympic Ideal, _(7) the athletes, these are the people who _(8) personify Olympism.

In Athens, the volunteers will work _(9) the maintenance of venues, the

supervision _(10) events, hospitality and orientation of visitors _(11) athletes, transport, logistics, etc. From welcome _(12) the airports and train stations, _(13) securityat venues, catering, administration, ticketing and transport for athletes and officials, _(14) one of their many talents is invaluable.

Applications _(15) are available to any individual, of _(16) nationality, who wishes to participate. The only _(17) is being at least 18 years old _(18) the time of the Games. The candidates _(19) profiles best fit the required posts will be _(20) a place in the Organising Committee. They must then follow a training course.

Finally, the volunteers will receive their accreditation, uniform and any necessary equipment.

答案：1. for 2. Games 3. the 4. today 5. of 6. share 7.Besides 8.

best 9. on 10. of 11. and 12. at 13. to 14. every 15. forms 16.

any 17. condition 18. by 19. whose 20. offered

【7】Vidio games have taken a lot of _(1) lately, blamed by some for _(2) violence and fostering sedentariness (sitting for a long time). Now the results of a new study suggest that all those hours _(3) playing action-packed games might have some _(4) effects. Researchers writing today in the journal Nature report that the activity _(5) attention-related visual skills.

Through a series of experiments, C. Shawn Green and Daphne Bavelier of the University of Rochester determined that habitual video-game players were _(6) able than nonplayers to focus on visually complex situations, to keep _(7) of

multiple items at once and to process fast-changing information. To rule _(8) the possibility that their results _(9) reflected a tendency for gamers to be people _(10) inherently superior visual skills, the team subjected nongamers to

action-video-game training, _(11) which they played Medal of Honor for an hour _(12) day, 10 days in a _(13). Meanwhile a control group was trained on Tetris, which, _(14) Medal of Honor, requires focusing on only a single object at a _(15).

After that short training period, the Medal of Honor group exhibited _(16) visual skills.

“_(17) forcing players to simultaneously juggle a number of _(18) tasks (detect new enemies, track existing enemies and aboid getting hurt, among others),

action-video-game playing pushes the limits of three _(19) different aspects of visual attention,” the authors conclude. “Although video-game playing may seem rather mindless,” they add, “ it is _(20) of radically altering visual attention

processing.”

答案：1. heat 2. triggering 3. spent 4. positive 5. boosts 6. better

7.track 8. out 9. simply 10. with 11. in 12. a 13. row 14. unlike

15. time 16. improved 17. By 18. varied 19. rather 20. capable

【8】People who learn to play an instrumen t may reap benefits that aren’t musical in _(1), according to a new study. Findings _(2) this month in the journal

Neuropsychology indicate that children with training _(3) music have better

verbal memory skills than _(4) their peers who haven’t received m usical

instruction.

Agnes S. Chan of Chinese University in HK and her colleagues tested 90 boys _(5) the ages of six and 15. Half of the students _(6) to a school orchestra and had received additional musical training, _(7) the other half and not been taught how to play _(8) instrument. The reseachers compared the students’ verbal

memory skills, _(9) as recalling words from a list, and their visual memory _(10) images. They found that boys with musical training remembered significantly more words than the _(11) students did and retained more words after 30-minute delays. What is _(12), performance on the verbal learning tasks rose in proportion _(13) the length of musical training. Music instruction had no _(14) on visual

memory, however.

The scientists note that the improved verbal memory stems _(15) musical training