英语语法学习有规律

英语语法学习有规律
英语语法学习有规律

英语语法学习有规律

对于学生来说,英语最难学的就是语法知识。英语语法条目繁多,难记.而且枯燥无味。学生说,记了那么多的语法条目,很容易混淆,两且不会用。这怎么办?

这好办。学语法,找规律,做个有心人;变复杂为简单,巧记固定搭配。下面就部分语法知识进行归纳:

一、非谓语动词

“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et,make),四看(see,watch,notice,observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和look at somebody do something。还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。

而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise, avoid, consider, mind, allow, keep, enjoy, suggest, finish,risk,imagine, escape, need, delay, stand(忍受)。为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow, finish, practise ; advise/suggest,avoid,risk, consider, delay, escape/miss, enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require, mind, can’t help/can’t stand

二、复合句

1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true.(同位语从句)

B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here.(定语从句)

关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语,无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。

2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。

例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.

B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.

C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.

D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。

例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、且危险(a danger)。

例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.

B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.

2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm (find,feel ,think , take, consider,judge, make)。

例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.

B、I think it no use arguing with him.

3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、状语),可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。

例如:A、It is Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)

B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)

C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)

但要注意与定语从句的区别。

例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)

我们去掉强调结构It is (was) …that,句子意义很完整。它就是强调句。反之,就是定语从句。如例句C。而例句D就不能。

四、倒装结构

学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明:

A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)

B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)

C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)

D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)

E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)

F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)

G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)

H、Not only will help be given to people, but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)

I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)

五、虚拟语气

虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should, could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest, advise, demand, require, request, Insist, order):It is time和would rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中,谓语用虚拟结构(It is necessary /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。下面举例说明:

A、If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. (条件句虚拟)

B、Without air, there would be no living things.(同上)

C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)

D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)

E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)

F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)

G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟)

H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English.(特殊从句虚拟)

总之,语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则,要边学边寻找规律,以提高学习效率。在学习中不能只记一些语法规则,要进行实践练习。通过练习,可以发现和纠正错误,而且有利于巩固所学知识。

高中英语语法课教案.doc

高中英语语法“虚拟语气”的教学设计 一、教材分析: 本课是结合外研社版高中英语教材选修6中有关虚拟语气的语法内容,进行高三虚拟语气的复习,教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起,注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法,从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。 二、学情分析: 在高一和高二英语学习基础上,高三学生已经掌握基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在高三语法复习的过程中,结合学生原有的知识掌握水平,巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识,提高学生运用语言的深度和难度.但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱,运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差,主动学习的动力不够,然而他们学习比较认真,渴求知欲旺盛,思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好,能主动配合老师。只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动,因材施教,才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。 三、教学重点: 1.复习的重点---语法虚拟语气的句型结构. 2.语法虚拟语气的运用 四、教学难点: 1.结合复习的语法知识,以课堂教学为依托,全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力,加强和提高运用英语的综合能力。 2.虚拟语气在真实的生活语境中的使用。 五、教学目标: 1.知识目标: 引导学生掌握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用。培养学生通读,分析,理解,综合的能力,教会学生体察语境,结合上下文,附和逻辑推理和合理的想象,结合语法和题干中的语境解决高考题。在运用语言过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力,提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力。 2.能力目标: 利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围,使学生进入情景之中,充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验,规范学生运用英语知识准确表达的能力,同时,发展学生综合语言运用的能力,分析问题和解决问题的能力,培养学生自主学习。 3.德育目标: 用情态动词和虚拟语气的句子结构表达思想感情和正确的世界观、人生观。 六、教学策略:

巧记英语语法的口诀20个

1、英语的词类 句子要由词组成,英语词类有十种: 句中成分用实词,名、代、动、副、数、形容: 冠、介、连词和感叹,虚词附加或沟通。 词类功能掌握了,造句之时好运用。 2、语序歌 主、谓、宾、表同汉语,定语有同也有异。 状语位置更特殊,不能全和汉语比。 3、肯定句变一般疑问句 have和be提句首,其它助词Do开头。 时间、人称由do变,动词只把原形留。 谓语助词有几个,第一助词提句首。 4、肯定句变否定句 否定词语加not,放在be和have后。 其它要加动词do,do的后面加not, 时间、人称由do变,动词原形总保留。 谓语若是助词多,not紧跟第一个。 5、名词的所有格 名词只变数,不分主宾格。 人和动物类,可变所有格。 撇(’)后加s,相当汉语“的”。 时间、距离等,也变所有格。 6、名词变复数 单数变为复数式,加上“s”统言之。 下列结尾名词后,要加“s”先加“e”: 发音[∫][t∫][s]和[z],或是辅音加“o”时。 有些名词变复数,词尾变化要注意: “y”前字母是辅音,一律变“y”为“ie”; 遇到“f / fe”,有时需要变“ve” 少数名词不规则,特别情况靠硬记。 7、时间名词前所有介词的速记 年月周前要用 in,日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用“on”,上午下午又是“in”。 要说某日上下午,用 on 换 in 才能行。 午夜黄昏用 at,黎明用它也不错。 at 也在时分前,说“差”用 to,说“过”要用 past。 8、介词用法歌 介词加宾语,才能有实意。 表、定、状、宾、补,词组在句里。 9、介词顺口溜 in 在……里,out 在……外, 在旁边的是 beside,靠近的为 by。 on 在……上,under 在……下, above 在上头,below 在底下。

每天学英语

每天学习英语 It pays to invest in education. 投资教育是有利的。 Once you begin,you must continue.一旦开始,你就得继续。 A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。 Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。 All I have to do is learn English.我所要做的就是学英语。 Let's take over the dinner.我们边吃边谈。 It's up to date. 这个很时兴。 A friend is easier lost than found. 得友难失友易。 He doesn't care about me.他并不在乎我。 Happy Valentine's Day.情人节快乐。['v?l?ntain] He could hardly contain[k?n'tein] his excitement/anger.他抑制不住内心的激动/气愤。 If I were in your shoes.如果我站在你的立场。 Caution is the parent of safety.小心驶得万年船。 That couldn't be better.那再好不过了。 He was charged with smuggling.他被控告走私。 Have you got a backup plan?你有二手准备吗? We will have to go in rain or fine.无论晴天下雨,我们都得去。 I'm occupied.我走不开。occupy英音:['?kju,pai] What are your plans for the weekend?你周末的计划是什么? He never touches alcohol. 他滴酒不沾。 It worths a shot. 值得一试。We were able to fix the computer blindfolded.我们轻松搞定计算机(闭眼都能做)。 Are you kidding me?你在耍我。 Break the news to somebody. 委婉地把坏消息告诉某人。 Make a hole.让开道/闪开。 Go right back to the beginning.直接回到起始位置。 We are in the same boat.我们是一根藤上的瓜。 He can hardly speak.他几乎说不出话来。 With clothes the new are best;with friends the old are best.衣服越新越好,朋友越老越好。 The scalded cat fears cold water.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。scald:[sk?:ld] I was intemperate[in'temp?rit] in my youth.我年少轻狂。[注:intemperate a. 1.不节制的;过度的2.酗酒的3.(天气)酷烈的(寒冷的、酷热 的)] We should learn to be temperate in eating and drinking.我们须注意控制饮食。 It's been a long time.好久不见 It never rains,it pours.不鸣则已,一鸣惊人 Footsteps announced his return.听脚步声就知道他回来了 May I ask for quarter?能不能请你高抬贵手? What took you so long?怎么那么久 Do you have matches?你需要帮忙吗? Do you take money?你们收钱吗? You need a thick skin.你需要经得住批评。 - 1 -

(完整)高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案

Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词,此处由other修饰用复数形式,指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思,要用比较级表示更多的人,故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式,指“幸运的是”,故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用,主语是单数,故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系,此处是过去分词作定语,故填spoken. 71. 【答案】from 【解析】考查固定短语。be different from“和…不同”,是固定短语。故填from. 72. 【答案】especially 【解析】考查副词。especial是形容词“特殊的,特别的”;especially是副词“尤其,特别”。

遵循3个要点,巧妙学好英语语法

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