【考试宝典】2014年职称英语备考资料：阅读理解例题精讲两篇
【考试宝典】2014年职称英语备考资料：阅读理解例题精讲两篇
Declining Interest in Developing Foreign Language Skills
1. Australia’s foreign language skills are declining, voice of America has reported. New figures show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decades ago, 40 percent had foreign language skills.
2. Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career. She believes that Australia’s economic boom, which is driven by red-hot demand for its minerals, is helping mask serious deficiencies in its language skills.
3. Australia does business very successfully in English with most of its trading partners. But as the world’s economic power shifts to emerging regions such as Asia, its language gap could soon be exposed. According to the new figures, less than 6.5 percent of high school graduates are proficient in an Asian language. Academics worry that this means Australia will increasingly be isolated from its economically important Asian neighbors. Dilip Dutta, from the economics and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills can enhance trading opportunities. If Australians want to trade with Asian countries, it is very important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture.
4. But students have different opinions about Asian language learning Pippa McCowage, a 22-year-old Australian student, says many young Australians have a half-hearted approach to foreign languages, and the language curriculum is often weak. “While we’re encouraged in high school to learn another language, it’s not really apparent to me as a realistic expectation that you will have to speak it,” said McCowage. “For example, I learned Japanese in high school, when I went on an exchange in Year 10, I found that the Japanese students of my age had a much greater proficiency in English than I did in Japanese. So in that sense, it almost discourages you.
5. At present, about 70 percent of Australia’s major exports go to Asia and the Australian government has been keen on developing closer economic and diplomatic ties with Asia. Academics say that, as Asia becomes one of the world’s economic powerhouses, Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.
1. How much percent of high school graduates were proficient in foreign languages forty years ago?
A. 70. B) 13. C) 40. D) 6.5.
2. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A) Australia has rich deposits of minerals.
B) Australia is essentially a self-sufficient country.
C) Australia has no intention to trade with Asian countries.
D) Australian students are not required to learn a foreign language.
3.What does Dilip Dutta think language skills can do?
A. Improve your relation with your partner.
B. Help settle international conflicts.
C. Remove barriers in negotiations.
D. Increase trading opportunities.
4. Why has the Australian government been keenly interested in strengthening ties with Asia?
A) Because Asia is where Australia is located.
B) Because Asia is where Australia’s major exports go.
C) Because Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidays.
C) Because Asia is where Australia can play a big role in international affairs.
5. The word "faculty" in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _______.
A) college. B) institute. C) university. D) department.
解题目：Declining衰退的Interest兴趣 in Developing发展、开发Foreign Language外语
Skills技能，所以串在一起可以将之理解成：逐渐丧失提高外语技能的兴趣。通过理解题目，我们可以推测一下，在文章中foreign languages和declining interest应是核心词。
接下来，来看5道题的题目，对出题方式加以判断：1，3，4都是细节题，而2题是推断题;5题是词语释义题。针对不同出题方式的题目要以不同的方法加以应对。
1. How much percent百分数of high school graduates(高中毕业生) were proficient(精通的)in foreign languages forty years ago(40年前)?
A) 70. B)13. C) 40. D) 6.5.
分析：这是细节题，关键词：high school graduates，forty years ago。位于第一题的位置，所以答案应该来源于第一段：
Australia’s foreign language skills are declining, Voice of America has reported. New figures(数字)show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decades(一个decade
是10年) ago(40年前), 40 percent had foreign language skills(答案的出处).
2. What can be inferred(推测出) from paragraph 2?
A) Australia has rich deposits of minerals.(澳大利亚有丰富的矿藏)
B) Australia is essentially a self-sufficient country.
C) Australia has no intention to trade with Asian countries.
D) Australian students are not required to learn a foreign language.
分析：题目中有infer，所以该题是推断题。因此，需要读第二段，寻找核心内容，主要是要找到关键句：
Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career.
She believes that Australia’s economic boom(经济的繁荣), which is driven(受到驱动) by red-hot(非常有活力的) demand(要求)for its minerals 矿物(核心词), is helping mask掩盖 serious deficiencies不足 in its language skills.
注意：一般发现A、B、C、D四个选项中，哪个选项出现中心词，一般该选项就是正确答案。
3.What does Dilip Dutta think language skills can do?
A. Improve your relation with your partner.
B. Help settle international conflicts.
C. Remove barriers in negotiations.
D. Increase trading opportunities.
分析：这是一道标准的细节题，中心词就是：Dilip Dutta。带着它，我们可以在第三段里搜索到相关的语句：
Dilip Dutta, from the economice and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills can enhance trading opportunities(答案D出处!). IF Australians want to trade with Asian countries, it is very important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture.
4. Why has the Australian government (澳大利亚政府)been keenly(强烈地) interested in strengthening(加强) ties(联系)with Asia(亚洲)?
A) Because Asia is where Australia is located.
B) Because Asia is where Australia’s major exports go.
C) Because Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidays.
C) Because Asia is where Australia can play a big role in international affairs.
分析：从题目的类型来说，一定是细节题，找到核心词：Australian government，keenly interested in，ties with Asia。我们会发现核心词没有出现在第四段中，而在最后一段中出现了：
At present, about 70 percent of Australia’s major exports(主要的出口货物) go to Asia and (该词相当于so,因果关系连词)the Australian government has been keen on developing closer(亲密的) economic(经济的) and diplomatic (外交的)ties with Asia(答案出处). Academics say that, as Asia becomes one of the world’s economic powerhouses(支柱), Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.
5. The word "faculty" in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _______.
A) college学院. B) institute学会、研究所
C) university大学. D) department系.
分析：这是一道词语释义题。大家可以查字典，也可以根据单词出现的前后文来判断：Dilip Dutta, from the economics(经济学) and business(贸易) faculty at Sydney University,。。。因为后面有...university，因此自然想到是大学里的“系”。
Older Volcanic Eruptions
1. Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life greater ease.
2. Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more more damage they seemed to do . He calculated the “killing efficiency” for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.
3. The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global
warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. “The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,” Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.
4. Vincent Courtillot, director of the paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall’s idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions.
1. Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones?
A. Because they killed off life more easily.
B. Because they were brighter.
C. Because they were larger.
D. Because they were hotter.
2. How did Wignall calculate the killing power of those older volcanic eruptions?
A. By estimating how long they lasted.
B. By counting the dinosaurs they killed.
C. By studying the chemical composition of lava.
D. By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced.
3. When did dinosaurs become extinct?
A) 300 million years ago.
B) 250 million years ago.
C) 60 million years ago.
D) 65 million years ago
4.What can be inferred from paragraph 3 concerning dinosaurs?
A) They were killed off by an asteroid.
B) They died of drastic climate change.
C) They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption.
D) The cause of their extinction has remained a controversial issue.
5. What is the main thesis of the article?
A) Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.
B) Older volcanic eruptions were more destructive.
C) Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.
D) It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption.
解标题：Older Volcanic(火山的) Eruptions(喷发)
本文讲的是远古火山喷发，所以older volcanic eruptions应是核心词。
1. Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones?(为什么远古火山喷发比近期喷发损害更大?)
A. Because they killed off life more easily.
B. Because they were brighter.
C. Because they were larger.
D. Because they were hotter.
分析：细节题。第一题，一般在开头段落寻找答案。
Volcanoes were more destructive(更具有破坏性的)in ancient
history(在古代的劳历史中), not because (不是因为)they were bigger, but because (而是因为)the carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)they released(他们所释放的，定语修饰前面的the carbon dioxide) wipedout擦去、抹去 life生命greater ease(更容易).
句子是说：古代的火山更具杀伤力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它们释放出来的二氧化碳更容易把人杀死。所以答案A表述的内容同本段相符。
2. How(如何，询问方式) did Wignall calculate (计算)the killing power (杀伤力)of those older volcanic eruptions?
A. By estimating how long they lasted.通过估计他们持续多长时间。
B. By counting the dinosaurs they killed.通过数死去的恐龙的的数量
C. By studying the chemical composition of lava.通过研究熔岩的化学构成。
D. By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced.通过比较火山释放出的熔岩的体积与杀死生命的比例。
分析：毫无疑问这是细节题，核心词就是人名：Wignall。
Paul Wignall(核心词出现了，接下来的内容请大家注意了!!!)from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do . He(代指Wignall ) calculated the “killing efficiency(功效) for these volcanoes by comparing(比较)the proportion(比例)of life they killed off with the volume of lava(熔岩)that they produced. (答案出处!)He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.
3. When did dinosaurs become extinct?恐龙什么时候灭绝的?
A) 300 million years ago.
B) 250 million years ago.
C) 60 million years ago.
D) 65 million years ago
分析：这是标准的细节题，核心词：dinosaurs become extinct。而且这题的特点就是数字，所以在接下来的段落中大家要用笔标出所见到的数字加以判
断!
The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago(答案B，但和dinosaurs become extinct没有关系，不是答案!), is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago(答案C，但和dinosaurs become extinct没有关系，不是答案!), there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. “The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,”Wignall says. He ignored the extinction(该词是extinct的同根词，所以含义应是一样的!) which wiped out the dinosaurs(核心词露面了!) 65 million years ago(这是答案D，所以这就是我们所要找的!!!), because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.
4.What can be inferred from paragraph 3 concerning(关于、涉及到) dinosaurs?
A) They were killed off by an asteroid(小行星).
B) They died of(死于) drastic(急剧的) climate change.
C) They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption.
D) The cause of their extinction has remained a controversial (有争议的)issue.
分析：题目就告诉我们这是一道推断题，是第三段。这是一道比较难的题目。需要大家要读懂句子，还要有推理能力：
相关的句子：“The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,”Wignall says. He ignored(忽略、忽视) the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to(更好的适应) dealing with increased levels of CO2.
主要句子是说：Wignall忽略了6千5百万年前恐龙的灭绝是否跟火山爆发有关，而其他很多科学家都认为恐龙的灭绝是受一颗小行星的影响。这就可以说明科学家们关于恐龙灭绝的原因是由争议的，因此选择D。
5. What is the main thesis of the article?(文章的主要论点是什么?)
A) Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.
B) Older volcanic eruptions were more destructive.
C) Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.
D) It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption.
分析：通过题目分析这是一道主旨题。相当于在文章里寻找中心句。其实文章第一段就是中心：Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life greater ease.
2014年职称英语 阅读理解(41) +Too Little for Global Warming
第四十一篇 Too Little for Global Warming Oil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios2 to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change3 say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up4 the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet. The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward5 the 1997 Kyoto Protocol6, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass7. Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves. Nebojsa akicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands8. He says they factored in9 a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative”Swedes. Even if oil and gas run out. “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited.” He says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest
职称英语考试综合B试题真题完整版
职称英语考试综合B试题真题完整版 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
2016年职称英语综合B真题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. All houses within 100 meters of the seas are (at risk) of flooding. A. out of control B. between equals C. in particular D. in danger 2. The idea was quite (brillian)t. A. positive B. clever C. key D. original 3. Stock market price (tumbled) after rumor of a rise in interest rate. A. regulated B. fell C. increased D. maintained
4. We are worried about this (fluid) situation full with uncertainty. A. stable B. suitable C. adaptable D. changeable 5. The (revelation) of his past led to his resignation. A. imagination B. confirmation C. disclosure D. recall 6. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very (brutal). A. careless B. strong C. cruel D. hard 7. The coastal has area has very (mild) winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B. severe C. hard D.dry
职称英语考试通关策略
职称英语考试通关策略 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 职称英语考试通关策略 考试很多时候除了考查考生的知识能力以外，还要考查考试策略，答题的顺序和时间的统筹安排，现在我就给大家介绍一些考试策略。 概述 1、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空所占分值最高（合计高达75分），放到前面来做，避免万一时间不够，可以确保先抓住大部分分数。 2、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空都是部分来自教材，放到前面来做，记忆比较深刻，答题成功率较高。 3、阅读判断放到最后，这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题。 词汇篇 1、带上一本好用的词典，因职称英语词汇数量有限，直接查同义词词典，一般前三个义项就会有答案。 2、词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词相对较困难，又因试题有4-9题来自教材练习，所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共100题，其中有词组的也就20个左右，记住却对没有困难！ 3、考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上，其余的查词典。 阅读理解篇 1、熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案，重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章。考试时先找教材上的文章，做出来。 2、其他文章，先做考试题目中有人名、地名、国家名、数字、年代等专有名词的题。 3、勾画出考试题目中的关键词（一般是名词，不必认识它也不必查词典），然后到文章中找一样的关键词定位。 4、定位关键词后，对比文章中关键词附近的词或者词组，与答案选项中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。 5、如果你无法定位关键词，则 1) 如有选项为“以上X项皆是”，即为正确答案； 2) 看四个答案选项中有无大部分相似的。如有，若意思完全相反的其中一个必是答案；若意思并非相反的则较长选项的为答案。如没有大部分相似的，则最长的选项为答案。（根据经验，这是答对概率最大的选择） 6、如果考试题目是针对文章中的某个单词的意思，那么这就相当于是一个词汇题，则同义词词典又派上用场了！ 7、如果考试题目是问文章主旨（如作者的观点、替换文章标题等）的，则需要细读文章题目、每段第一句和文章最后一句，并大致搞清意思。然后选择意思最接近的一项答案。 概括大意、完成句子篇 1、概括大意（4题）：先看考题要求概括哪4个段落的大意，然后分别细读该4个段落的第一句和最后一句，然后与各个选项对比，选项中大部分词或者词组与段落的第一句或最后一句中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。概括大意其实就是找文章各段落主题句，而段落主题句往往就是该段落的第一句和最后一句。 2、完成句子（4题）：先勾画出每个考试题目中的关键词，然后回到文章中定位（具体方法请参考阅读理解篇做题方法），最后把文章中关键词附近的词和词组与各个答案选项相对比，词和词组重合最多的即为正确答案。完成句子其实就是告诉你一句话的一部分让你找另一部分。利用定位关键词找到了这句话在文章中的位置，则确定另一部分就不难了。
职称英语等级考试试题-综合
职称英语等级考试试题-综合A6 第三篇Play Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.
2014年职称英语真题及答案综合类C级(阅读理解)
Taking Pictures of the World Meet Annie Griffiths Belt,a National Geographic photographer.Belt has worked for National Geographic since 1978,and has taken pictures on almost every continent in the world.In fact,Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasn't seen yet. Belt's photographs are well known for their beauty and high quality.They also reflect very different cultures and regions of the world.Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra, Jordan,as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England.Recently,her pictures appeared in a book about undeveloped natural places in North America. Everywhere that Belt goes,she takes pictures of people. Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language." The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into people's lives,"she has said."The camera is like a passport,and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me!"
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职称英语阅读理解(终审稿)
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