新视野大学英语第三版第四册读写教程课后习题翻译

新视野大学英语第三版第四册读写教程课后习题翻译
新视野大学英语第三版第四册读写教程课后习题翻译

U1

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你认识某个名人吗?如果认识的话,也许你会发现他们和我们惊人的相似。你也许听说他们向其他人否认说他们和别人有什么不同。“我就是一个平凡的人,”一个刚刚走红的演员说(protests)。当然,在一段很短的时间里,他们会因为自己走红,开始相信他们就和自己的粉丝所说的一样伟大(worshipping)。他们开始穿着花俏(fancy)的衣服,说起话来那个神气就好像大家都必须洗耳恭听似的。但是这个时期持续的时间都不长。他们跌回到现实的速度和他们原先(originally)走红的速度一样。达到如此的高度,象鹰一样服侍其他人是什么感觉呢?飞到如此的高度(attitude),结果发现自己梦醒(wake)了,只是一个普通人,又是什么感觉?有些人只看到失去他们已经得到的东西有多么残忍(cruetly)。他们经常不顾一切(desperate)努力去重新获取他们失去的。经常这样的努力会导致更大的伤痛。有些人破产(bankrupt)了,或者情绪崩溃。那些真正的赢家就是那些能开开心心回到凡世和我们待在一起的人。

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“你想成为摇滚明星吗?”音乐家鲍勃迪伦问。你已经决定追求名利的聚光灯了。你将不会被其他人说服去做别的选择。是什么在诱惑你呢?是那些崇拜你的粉丝吗?或者只是想要得到承认说你在某方面真的很出色?这全都是可以理解的。但是我应该要警告你。要维持公众的青睐是很难的。这些人很容易就会感到乏味。即使你会成功,你也不一定会开心。一旦你在征服名利时获胜,随后仍然会出现抱怨。比如说,人们会说你的作品在吸引力上缺乏一种持续力。你看,他们的热情很快就会消散。我也要告诉你有许多人想要在你短暂地处于巅峰时利用你。朋友?当然,只要你又钱,你就会有朋友,他们会从你身上吸干你的一切。别忘了盯牢你的经纪人。你需要好的律师和会计,但是他们也希望从你身上赚点属于他们的那份钱。

我明白你理解这种情势的残酷性。但是,你对名利的追逐不会被我悲观的看法所阻碍。那么继续前进吧。别让我妨碍你。但是当你失败或者回到原点、伤心不已时,别指责我说没有警告你。我能为你做的都做了。

U2

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你听说过JON STEW ART这个人吗?他是目前电视上最受欢迎的喜剧明星了。他对政治和政府的悲观看法促使人们发笑,思考甚至是发怒。他很聪明,他的思想经常和政府的政策产生冲突。他的整个表演都是用来取笑政治圈那些无聊的事情。但是,使他的表演成功的因素是他那种聪明地讲笑话的能力。

“这不是喜剧,”一位媒体专家说。“他的评论对于美国一大部分观众来说都很有影响力。他有很强的政治力量。”

最近,stewart在关于政治的新闻秀上当嘉宾。主持的记者在质询steward对于美国公众的责任时引发了一场热烈的争论。Stewart辩解说虽然他的节目台词内容涉及政治,他的主要任务是为了娱乐光中。但是主持的记者强调他的表演在政治方面的影响。辩论结束时双方都怒气冲冲。这次事件说明某些人对于大家都觉得有趣的事有多敏感。它也显示喜剧演员对于政治已经日渐重要。

Cloze

在20世纪,是否有比三个臭皮匠更为成功的喜剧团体是值得怀疑的。Larry, moe和curly 在他们许多超级喜剧短片上映后成名。在他们的电影里,他们找到了各种滑稽表演方式。他们吸引了大批的观众,也得到了许多掌声。但是他们的电影同样也引起批评。

有些人不喜欢三个臭皮匠,说他们太暴力了。在电视采访中moe和larry为自己做了

辩解。他们说,他们粗鲁的风格不能太当真。那只卡通暴力。

三个臭皮匠因《ted healy and his stooges》得名。这场表演为他们几位成功的事业生涯铺平了道路。起初,这个团队由larry, moe和shemp组成。但是后来shemp离开投入

更为严肃的电影表演。Shemp离开时,curly取代了他的位置。1946年,shemp笨拙的角色在curly中风(suffer a stroke)后回归了。

Moe是整个团队的灵魂人物,他是主要的喜剧力量和导演。他负责(responsible for )编写大多数的笑话。他同样也花时间担任他们的经理人。1934年,这个团队开始一个超过200片的喜剧短片系列。直到1958年,他们才结束这个系列。这个系列给他们带来了很多粉丝。尽管有许多人批评他们,三个臭皮匠无疑是历史上(ever invented)最著名的喜剧团队。

U3

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在美国,当某些人残疾了,无法再从事他们过去做的工作后,会发生什么事呢?如果有人受了工伤,他们应该要(notify)医疗工作人员,他们会确认是否出现那样的问题。然后他们会从公司收到津贴(compensation)。如果公司提供补贴(pension),这个人就可以每个月拿到一笔钱来补贴他们失去的薪水。如果公司在工作场所忽略(neglected)安全保护的话,残疾的人可以向法庭起诉公司。通常他们都会获得(receipt)一笔钱作为调节费用。此外,所有的工作场所都应政府的要求支付一笔钱,以支撑一个照顾工伤致残的人们的项目。这个项目中有一条规定(provision),要求工伤致残较多的工作单位支付更多的钱。因此,那些需要重劳力工作的公司非常重视安全问题。大多数人误解了残疾险。他们认为如果一个人不工作而得到酬劳是很可笑的(ridiculous)。实际上,这笔

钱通常不足以支付接受者的房租和其他费用。大多数残疾人仍然想工作,但是伤痛的恢复(recovery)以及接受其他工种的培训需要时间。

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对于所有儿童保护社会工作者的挑战是很明显的。经常不那么明显的(what is often not so obvious)是社会工作者的工作带来(offer)的许多回拨啊。人们经常问起头脑正常的人为什么会想当保护儿童的社会工作者,习惯性地去应付(deal with)社区里最麻烦的家庭。社会工作者经常碰到(come cross)打骂儿童或者冷淡儿童的一些让人烦心的案例,以及一些不合作的工作对象。作为社会工作者意味着成为主动接受改变的职员,特别(especially)是当社会福利工作不只是一份工作,而是(but)一个专业的职位。

儿童保护是一条艰难而又充满挑战(challenging)的道路,但是它是有回报的。我们许多社会工作者选择这条路就是为了为社区做出贡献。成为某个进程的一部分将绝对(utimately)改变一个家庭的生活,而社会工作者会看到(witness)他们的介入使得年轻人有了一定的能力,因此他或她的未来前途(prospects)有了改善。当然,并不是每次干预都能发生这样的事情。但是,当这种情况发生时,真是有回报的(rewarding)体验。如

果你想知道这种体验会不会使这份工作变得值得,回答是肯定的!

外界人士如何看待(look at)社会工作者的职业的一个很好的指标就是大学生的反馈。2006年,有118名学生在社会工作者的岗位上进行实习。2006年那些从事儿童保护实习工作的学生告诉我们很多事情:因为这个实践机会(opportunity)他们得以将理论付诸(apply to)实践;他们得到了学习新技能,尝试新任务的机会;通过训练他们能得到正确的知识;社会工作者诉说他们经历的意愿;以及对于他们未来的职业,熟悉各种社

会福利服务的价值有多么大。

U4

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李先生在四川省有一家小贸易公司。他过去经常担心如何销售自己的货物,但是现在他只要上网就能将公司信息传播(transmits)到任何一个角落。比起过去,他现在手头上(at his disposal)有了许多资源。他已经开始在国外投资并获利。

电信革命已经改变了我们的世界观。并且,最重要的是,它使得人们能平等地获得(access)信息。世界上那些发展较为落后的国家正在利用这些好处。有一个人说:“我

们过去有个小农场,但是现在我做国际生意。”这只是信息高速公路的一个好处。但是,我们还要面对一些潜在的(potential)挑战。比如说,大家对于信息时代的隐私问题相当关切。李先生强调(highlights)了这一点。希望在近期我们就能解决这个问题。

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我们生活在电信革命的时代。为了不落后(left behind),许多发展中国家努力加强他们的电信基础设施建设。这能帮助他们赶上(catch up with)发达国家。毕竟,在20世纪,先进的电信设备能使一些国家在经济上优于(over)其他国家。有一个地方发展中国家希望(looking to)得到发展的,那就是使自己的国民和企业能够上网。他们安装先进的光缆。这些光缆,直径(in diameter)为一毫米,能将信息高速公路带到他们家门口。象越南这样的国家,他们最初的(initial)投资似乎太大了,因为他们仍然缺少基础设施,比如说水、电。但是政府官员说这些举措是战略性的。他们有信心能使自己的国家受益(reap the benefits)。他们将受益于可靠的先进的电信设备,并获得更多收益(revenes)。一个越南领导人说:“人们想要解决(tackle)他们眼前的问题是可以理解的。但是,我

们的整个未来就冒险(at stake)了。但是人们并不总能理解问题的深度(breadth)。”他继

续说:“使用老旧的通讯设备还有一些问题。如果我们继续使用这些旧设备,我们和发达世界的差距将继续拉大。我们现在必须做出牺牲,使得我们的孩子所处的国家能有何发达国家一样的好机遇。”离和美国以及其他西欧国家在信息高速公路上并驾齐驱的日子不远了。

U5

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你独处时如何打发时间?你会不会将音乐尽量调到最大声,自娱自乐?你会不会买来你能买到的最大份的牛排,坐下来好好吃一顿?我发现这些行为对于有精神困扰的人来说是最好的一种治疗。对于人来说,找时间独处是很重要的。他们能找到一些时间让宇宙在没有他人干扰的情况下继续旋转。属于个人的那部分世界正越来越小。无论我们拥有什么,我们都必须和其他人分享。因此,我们保持社会互动和个人追求的健康平衡的能力受到了挑战。独处时得到的灵感不只是诗人和哲学家的收获(commodity),也是普通人的收获。一个健康的人需要“独处时间”;这样的时间可以用来思考(reflect on)什么对他们来说才是重要的。当你独处时,你可以伸展自己的灵魂知道它充斥整个房间,运用你的自由,以自己的节奏生活。但是,重要的是要保持理智(stay rational)。不要忘记,为了成为其他人生活的健康的一部分,你自己必须保持健康。

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你有没有试着自己一个人住过?

阳光消失了,这使我意识到我是独自一人的。我是一个孤独的观察者,住在森林里偏

僻的湖边。我们独自坐在这里,知道这一天最后一缕光线褪去(fades away)。一只孤独的狼在远处(in the blank)嗥叫。随后黑暗在我周围悄悄降临(creeps in)。我回到小木屋,将水壶放在炉子上,独自一人坐下来喝着热茶直到想睡。炉子里的火小了,我拿起斧子砍(split)点柴扔进去。它使得火继续燃烧(going)。我已经做好准备整个夏天在这里居住。但是,一个月以后,我已经没了供给。我没意料到我这么快就对这样的经历感到厌倦。在碗柜上只有(nothing but)面条和半品脱酒。我已经吃腻了(be sick of)面条。但是,我还是逼着自己咽(choke)下去。当(as)我把茶杯举到唇边,我想我是否要回到文明世界去搜集些给养还是就这样放弃(abandon)我的冒险。我观察到自给自足有点乏味(boring)。我向往和朋友一起分享牛排大餐,在夏天的热气中看我的侄女玩耍。但是我的自我还不让我回到家人和朋友身边。我已经和他们吹嘘(boasted)说独处能带来作诗的灵感(aspiration)。事实上我什么也没写。

U6

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在过去几年有一些关于公司贪婪的新故事浮现。一些经理人违规的做法已经给我们的经济带来了负面的影响。更糟糕的是这些经理人还获得了一些政治领袖的许可(consent)。一些经理人甚至还向制定法律的人行贿。最近来自加州的一个国会议员被发现向利益团体索取礼物以换取(exchange)他对新法律的支持。一些政府高官正在接受对他们非法行为的调查。这甚至都没涉及(stratch)问题的表面。几年前有一家公司刻意在财务上犯了一系列的错误来欺骗投资者。许多人相信这个问题变得如此之大的原因是因为我们国家的最高领导人们保护(shielded)这家公司。当事实被披露(unveiled)时,许多无辜的人已经失去了他们全部的继续。似乎有越来越多的公司利用(exploited)公众的信任来获取自己的利益。这需要法律和严格的规定来结束这些非法行为。

CLOZE

贿赂会导致谋杀。一个月前,记者赶往一个犯罪现场(the scene of a crime)。在现场,侦探工作时似乎几乎没有意识到他们的存在。他仔细搜索房子里每一英寸的线索。一会儿,他弯腰捡起一小片撕碎的衣物。没什么能逃脱他的搜索。侦探怀疑这一小片衣物碎片是在争斗中从凶手衣服上扯下来的。

死者是一家大型电脑硬件生产商的财务主管。他的妻子,一个胆小的女子,把她知道的一切都告诉了侦探,包括她丈夫和公司高管在宴会上激烈的争吵。在公司中流传(involving)着一起事关贿赂的丑闻。他正在调查许多高管的事情。他已经得出结论,一些人向政府官员送一些特别的礼物,来获取合同(contracts)。他经常质问他们的道德良心(conscience),告诉他们如果做了不该做的事,他将起诉他们,这给他带来一些问题。他的质询和指责经常使他和许多经理产生矛盾。这回他脑袋上受了致命的一击。侦探看到一个关键的线索,角落的一个铜纽扣。这是其中一位高管外套上掉下来的。后来这位经理和公司的总裁被逮捕(arrested)了。当然,这个故事还没有结束。

U7

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我读过路卡.卡瓦利-斯福札的《人类基因历史和图谱》,但是还有一些问题。即使这些发现似乎证明种族在基因层面是基本上是平等的,但是还有一些差别没有解释。达尔文第一个提出(advanced)自然选择理论。他的说法是某些帮助物种生存下来的特征由物种经历数代得到选择。这些物种是无意识的选择这些基因的。相反的是,为了存活更久,有更多的后代,携带这些被选择的基因的这一物种的个体逐渐成为统治

(dominant)群体。我们作为一个物种,很早就在一个地方开始(commenced)生存,但这是很久以前的事了。诸如气候和其他生存必须的因素产生了对演化(evolutiion)的需求。我相信这些事实使得种族向不同的特征(attributes)演化。这解释了一些现象(phenomena)比如为什么亚洲人在科学和数学上成绩要高一些。它也说明(sheds)了为什么非洲人产生那么多优秀的运动员。我明白这是一个特别有争议的(controversial)说法。这在种族混合,全球的人们都是尝试学会共处的时代是特别真实的。

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许多美洲印第安人和亚洲人很相像。这使得许多科学家对于美洲印第安人的一些事情极为(exceedingly)相信。他们认为大多数美洲印第安人是一个遥远的族群的后代descend。这些人通过白令海峡从西伯利亚来到(migrated)美国,时间大约在17,000到11,000年前。确切的时间和路径(route)还有待讨论。也就是说,这仍然是有争议的话题matter)。他们旅行的时间和路径仍然在讨论中,是否发生过也(at all)在争论的范围。

直到(until)最近,一些人类学家讨论说这次迁徙发生在12,000年前。但是,这个理论遇到一些困难—特别是(in particular),美国有人居住的历史比我们想象的要早。不断有证据表明巴西和智利早在11,500年前就有人类存在(presence)。同时有证据(evidence)表明50,000年前美洲就有人居住。因此(thereforce),有其他的可能性。

他们可能早几千年通过(crossed)大陆桥或者乘船沿西海岸来到美洲。但是,有些人挑战(contest)这个理论。他们认为人类在那个时代不会(lacked)有航行的技能。

一些人认为基因和文化的证据压倒一切。然而(however),其他一些人对于这个想法感到不安。一些现代的美洲印第安人否认了(reject)上述理论。他们说那些提出这些理论的人有政治上的动机。他们有自己的传统(origins)故事,作为(accounts)他们来源的证据。他们自己的故事声称他们的来源和科学家说的不一样。但是这些说法,被大多数学者忽略(ignored)了。因此,美洲印第安人的来源仍然是一个未解之谜。U10

Unit 10

WORD BANK

作为老板,我和各种各样的雇员都打过交道。那些适应性差的员工(productive)业绩最差。他们也许智商很高,但是他们不懂得如何将理论付诸(apply to)实践。我最近读了daniel goleman的一本书,这本书指出(suggested)智力真正的尺度不是智商,而是情商。这对我是很有意义(sense)的。我在班级从来都不是最好的学生,但是我一直效率很高(efficient),而且善于和其他人打交道。我一直将良好的沟通技能放在首位。我想,只测试一个人是否能较好解决学业问题,是不能了解他的其他能力的,这些能力能力也是相当重要(take into account)的,这些能力对于他的成就尤为重要(crucial)。实际上,许多有想法的人都很难让人们理解他们的想法。他们只是缺乏一些使他们能证明(demonstrate)自己的想法的价值的技能。当然,如果这个世界没有这些有想法的人,会迷失方向,但是我更希望聘用那些情商超高(superior)的人。一个人的情商越高,他们就越能实现implement他们了不起的想法。最好是能找到智商情商都高的人。

CLOZE

情商的概念最早是PERTER SALOVEY和JOHN MAYER提出的,但是它一直到DANIEL GOLEMAN于1995年出版了畅销(widely popular)书《情商》之后,才日渐流

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我们情感的控制中心是大脑中一个小区域,叫扁桃核。它扫描来自我们感官(如眼、耳等)的信号,然后作为(act as)人体的情感劲爆中心作出反应。当它发现(detects)一种情况,如憎恨,恐惧或者伤害时,它促使(triggers)大脑其他部分作出即时反应以控制我们的行动。扁桃核的广泛(extensive)的神经连接使得(in case of)它在遇到一种情感的紧急情况时能控制大脑其他部分的大部分区域,包括理智。这就解释了(account for)我们为什么有时候会不假思索地作出一些事情,比如(like)说当飞行的甲虫撞到我们的脸时,我们会闭上眼睛,或者为什么在争吵时,我们会失控。

实际上,情商对于个人成功的重要性一直是(emerged)过去十年来一个热点。许多组织开始意识到情商的重要性,也已经开始确认(identify)情商的哪些方面是成功最重要的因素。一旦(once)这些因素得以确认,他们将使用正式的评估工具选择(pick out)最强的候选人。

很容易可以看出情商能影响(impact)一个个人贡献者的表现。考虑到(considering)如今的工作环境中团队不断增长的重要性,很明显任何需要团队工作的职位将主要依靠(rely on )个人对人际关系的理解和熟练的处理技能。即时是那些最聪明,最有经验的工作者,在无法和他人相处时,也会对团体的业绩产生负面(negative)影响。在像销售人员这样更为孤立的角色中,个人仍然需要(demonstrate)具有高智商,以识别潜在客户的感觉。成功经常取决于确定顾客的需要。那些更善于应对(deal with)沮丧和压力的人更不容易(less likely)犯错,或者因为错误的决策收到伤害。

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NNCE Book3课后翻译参考答案 Unit1 英译中原文:Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world. Keys:世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子,而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体,任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中,世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任,并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今,全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识,让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲,要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量,让他们付诸行动,世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观,还要拥有必需的技能,使他们拥有能力和自信,积极推动世界的发展。 汉译英原文:如今,很多年轻人不再选择" 稳定" 的工作,他们更愿意自主创业,依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源,创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活,从长远来看,对于国家更是一件好事,创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前,国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新,在政策上给予中小企业支持,这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Keys:Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.

(完整word版)(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案

Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探,探测) transmit(v.传送,传递,传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现,为···所公认) yield(v.产生,出产,屈从,让步) pose(v.摆姿势,导致) assume(v.认为,假定,假设) confidence(n.信任信赖,自信心) inherit(v.沿袭,秉承,继承) comprehensive(a.综合的,多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得,获得,得到 fascinating迷人的,吸引人fulfill履行,执行pursue追求,致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适,合格raise提升,增加 passion强烈的爱好,热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得,取得,学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品,标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the

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