General Knowledge for TEM8

General Knowledge for TEM8
General Knowledge for TEM8

国家概况

地理:

Ottawa is the capital of Canada.

The capital of New Zealand is Wellington.

Edinburgh is in Scotland.

The capital of Australia is Canberra.

历史:

The President during the American Civil War was Abraham Lincoln.

The Aborigines were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers.

The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively including the Anglos, the Celts and the Saxons.

The original inhabitants of Australia were the Aborigines.

政治:

US presidents normally serve a four-year term.

The Prime Minister in Britain is head of the Cabinet.

The Head of State of Canada is represented by the Governor-general.

The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson.

宗教:

The Church of England is the state church in England.

新闻:

US news and cable network are: ABS, CNN&CBS.

教育:

Associate degree is offered in community colleges in the United States.

英美文学

作家作品:

The novel Emma is written by Jane Austen.

William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for his short stories.

The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by Ernest Hemingway.

Wuthering Heights was written by Emily Bronte.

Death of a Salesman was written by Arthur Miller.

John Galsworthy was most famous for The Forsyte Saga.

The novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by Mark Twain.

文学知识:

Sonnet is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.

作家概况:

George G. Byron, William Wordsworth and Percy B. Shelley are romantic poets.

William Butler Yeats was an Irish poet and playwright.

George Bernard Shaw was a playwright.

不同阶段文学:

T.S. Elliot is a poet of the 20th century.

英语语言学

语用学:

What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of context.

句法学:

Syntax is the study of sentence structures.

语义学:

The words "kid, child, offspring" are examples of stylistic synonyms.

语言的本质:

The distinctive features of human language are arbitrariness, productivity and cultural transmissions.

The distinctive features of a speech variety may be lexical, syntactic and phonological.

语言学流派:

The speech act theory was first put forward by John Austin.

The distinction between parole and langue was made by Saussure.

形态学:

Morphology refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.

语言的演变:

The word holiday originally meant holy day; but now the word signifies any day on which we don't have to work. This is an example of widening of meaning.

音位学:

The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is phonology.

美国概况

练习题:

1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____.

2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____.

3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____.

4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____.

5 ____has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party.

6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____.

7 In the United States, primary education requires____years.

8 Most college students in the United States are in____institutions.

9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________.

10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law.

练习题答案及题解:

1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。

2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain,最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。

3 .Non-hispanics white,非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体。

4 .African Americans,2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。2000年以后,拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数,成为美国第一大少数民族群体。

5 .America,美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党。

6. World War II,第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境。

7. Six years,美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间。

8. Public,大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读。

9 .美国的联邦法院系统包括:the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court.

10 .Louisana,路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束。

练习题:

1 Of the fifty states of America, _____states now have the death penalty as punishment.

2 The four major regions of the United Sates are________________________________.

3 ______ region’s culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit.

4 ______is the largest state in terms of size and population in America.

5"Hollywood"is often used as a synonym for_____

6 The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_____.

7 The north-eastern part of the United States ――New England enjoys a _____climate.

8 To the west of mainland American lies the _____ Ocean.

9 Detroit, a U.S. city bordering Lake Erie, is famous for its_____.

10 The natives of the continent of the America are the_____.

练习题答案及题解:

1.38, 美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑。

2 .Northeast, South, Midwest and West, 美国的主要四大部分不包括北部。

3.The New England Region, 美国的新英格兰地区,也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响。

4 .California,加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州,拥有人口也最多。

5 .American films,好莱坞是美国著名的电影制造地。

6.the Mississippi River,美国最长的河流是密西西比河,也是美国最重要的一条河流。被美国人视为“众河之父”,沿河流域也是美国的主要农作物产区。

7 .typical continental,美国东北部的新英格兰地区是典型的大陆性气候。冬天寒冷,夏天炎热。

8 .Pacific Ocean,美国东临大西洋,西濒太平洋,北接加拿大,南靠墨西哥及墨西哥湾。

9 .automobile industry,底特律是美国著名的汽车城。

10 .Indians,美国的本土居民是当地的印第安人。

1 ._____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.

A .Washington D.C

B .Los Angeles C.San Francisco D .New York City 2._____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.

A.Blacks B .Hispanics C.Indians D.Asian Americans

3 .Washington D.C. is named after___________.

A.the U.S. President George Washington

B .Christopher Columbus

C .both George Washington and Christopher Columbus

D .none of them

4 .American and British English are two_____ of the English language.

A.varieties B.elements C.parts D.form 5.The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______.

A .Thomas Jefferson B.James Monroe C.James Madison D .Abraham Lincoln

6 .Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_____.

A.Rhode Island B .Virginia C.Texas D .Montana 7.The national flag of the United States is known as_____.

A.the Star-Spangled Banner B .Uncle Sam C .Hot Dog D .Union Jack

8.The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _____.

A .contribution a state has made to the nation

B.population

C.size

D.none of the above

9 .The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____.

A.the Amazon River B.the Mississippi River C.the Nile River D.the Hudson River

10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_____ as a gift in 1884.

A.France B.Spain C .Italy D .Britain 练习题答案及题解:

1 .D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。

2.A, 黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下。

3 .C, 首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统乔治?华盛顿,而联邦直辖区命名为哥伦比亚特区是为了纪念第一位从欧洲横渡大西洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多拂?哥伦布。

4.A, 美国英语和英国英语是英语语言的两种变体。

5.D, 美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕?林肯。

6.A, 美国国土面积最小的是罗得岛。

7 .A, 美国的国旗是星条旗。

8.B, 美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例。

9 .B, 美国的“众河之父”指的是密西西比河。

10.A, 美国的自由女神像是法国人赠予的礼物。

1. Ernest Hemingway is _____.

A. Englishman

B. American

C.Dutch

D. Denmark

2 .John Fitzgerald Kennedy is _____ president.

A. 35th

B. 34th

C. 33rd

D. 32nd

3. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women , Mount Holyoke Female Seminary , opened in _____ to serve the “ Muslim sex”.

A. New England

B. Virginia

C. Massachusetts

D. New York

4. The capital of Massachusetts is _____.

A .Providence B. Boston C. Montpelier D. Augusta

5 ._____ is the dividing line between the South and North.

A .The Hudson River B. The Potomac River

C. The Ohio River

D. The Missouri River

6 ._____ is Washington’s largest city.

A .Boise B. Denver C. Tacoma D .Seattle

7. Washington D.C., the capital of U.S. is situated on the _____River banks.

A .St. Lawrence B. Hudson C. Potomac D. Missouri

8. When did the American Civil War break out?

A. 1775

B. 1812

C. 1861

D. 1863

9 .Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of Independence?

A .John Adams B. Thomas Jefferson C. Benjamin Franklin D. John Hancock

10. In which day is Halloween celebrate d?

A .5 November B. 31 October C .17 March D. 25 December

练习题答案及题解:

1. B,文坛巨匠海明威是美国人。

2 .A,肯尼迪是美国的第35任总统。

3. C,美国的第一所女子学院开设于马萨诸塞州。

4 .B,麻省的首府是波士顿。

5. D,美国南北的分界线是密苏里河,东西的分界线是密西西比河。

6 .D,华盛顿州的最大城市是西雅图。

7. C,华盛顿特区位于波托马克河上。

8. C,美国内战爆发于1861年,结束于1865年。

9 .B,为美国起草独立宣言的是托马斯?杰弗逊。

10 .B,万圣节前夕是10月的最后一天即10月31号。

英国概况

练习题:

1 How many members are there in the House of Commons?

A 650

B 524

C 72

D 651

2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister?

A Margaret Thatcher

B Winston Churchill

C Horatio Nelson

D John Major

3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.

A Prime Minister

B Member of Parliament

C Lord of appeal

D Speaker of the House

4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.

A the Labour Party

B the Conservative Party

C the Liberal Party

D the Social Democratic Party

5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.

A largest

B second largest

C third largest

D fourth largest

6 The term “British disease” is now often used to character ize Britain’s _____ decline.

A political

B educational

C military

D economic

7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.

A globalization

B nationalization

C privatization

D competition

8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.

A coal mining

B iron and steel

C textiles

D shipbuilding

9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765. A Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe

10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.

A The Chartist Movement

B The Industrial Revolution

C The French Revolution

D The Glorious Revolution

练习题答案及题解:

1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。

2 C, 撒切尔夫人,丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相;而纳尔逊(1758-1805),英国海军统帅,因作战负伤,右眼失明,失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令,在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队,本人受重伤阵亡,号称Viscount Nelson。

3 A, 在英国,按照传统,多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相,首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。

4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。

5 B, 在英国,在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党,它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet)。

6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。

7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样,20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。

8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点,如今的英国的煤矿业衰退,从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。

9 B, 第一台蒸汽机是Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的,后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高,生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。

10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级,即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。

1 _____ is the key to Industrial Revolution.

A Iron

B Cotton Textile

C Coal mining

D Steam engine

2 _____ became a literary current during the period of the successful Industrial Revolution.

A Criticism

B Modernism

C Romanticism

D Renaissance

3 Modern football game began in _____.

A China

B France

C England

D Germany

4 _____ is the leader of the British government.

A Prime Minister

B Queen

C President

D Governor

5 The second largest city in England, _____ , is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city.

A Edinburgh

B Belfast

C Glasgow

D Birmingham

6 _____ introduced Christianity into Britain.

A The Celts

B The Romans

C The Viking Danes

D The French

7 The real power of the British government lies in _____.

A the House of Commons

B the cabinet headed by the Prime Minister

C the Prime Minister

D the Queen

8 In Britain, education is compulsory for children between the ages of _____ to _____.

A 5, 14

B 6, 17

C 5, 16

D 6, 14

9 The longest river in Britain is _____ , and the largest river in the USA is _____.

A the Seven River; the Missouri River

B the Thames River; the Missouri River

C the Severn River; the Mississippi

D the Thames River; the Ohio River

10 The general election in Britain is held every ____ years.

A four

B three

C six

D five

练习题答案及题解:

1 B, 纺织业的改革是英国工业革命的主要成就之一。

2 C, 工业革命时期的主要文学流派是浪漫主义。

3 C, 现代的足球运动起源于英国。其正宗的老家在英格兰,19世纪兴起。

4 A, 英国的政体是君主立宪制。国王(女王)是国家元首,但政府的首领为首相。

5 D, 英国的第二大城市伯明翰位于英格兰中部平原,是国际化大都市,也是英国的工业和制造业中心。

6 B, 公元43年,罗马人占领英国,其后统治了400多年。基督徒就是在这一时期由罗马人传入英国的。

7 B, 君主立宪制下,国王的作用更侧重于其象征意义,而实权为内阁所有,内阁由首相率领。

8 C, 英国的教育体系中的义务教育阶段是5-16岁,这是每一位学生在学校学习的最低年限。

9 C, 英国最长的河是塞文河,全长355公里,美国最长的河是密西西比河,长4000公里左右。

10 D, 英国大选每5年举行一次。

1.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain?

A Roman

B Anglo-Saxons

C Jutes

D Celts

2.The Hundred Years’ War between Britain and France was fought ____.

A from 1327 to 1453

B from 1337 to 1453

C from 1347 to 1453 C from 1357 to 1453

3.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year ____

A 1918

B 1920

C 1945

D 1949

4.The English Civil War is also called ____

A the Puritan Revolution

B the second Magna Carta

C the Long Parliament

D the Anglican War

5.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the ____ and the North Sea in

the east,

A east

B south

C west

D north

6.The largest lake in Britain is ____.

A. Loch Lomond B the Lough Neagh C Windermere D Ullswater

7.Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?

A In the Highlands

B In the central Lowlands

C In the Uplands

D In the west of Scotland

8.In Britain only about ____ of the population are farmers but they manage 70% of the land area.

A 2%

B 3%

C 4%

D 5%

9.The two important crops in Britain are ____

A barley and corn

B wheat and rice

C barley and oats

D wheat and barley

10.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ____

A can legally receive partly free education

B can legally receive completely free education

C can not receive free education at all

D can not receive free education if their parents are rich

答案

1.D 凯尔特在公元前700年到英国,罗马人在公元1到5世纪统治英国,5世纪中期盎格鲁撒

克逊人侵占英国,因此凯尔特人是最早踏入英国的。

2.B 英法百年战争爆发于1337年到1453年间,中间还发生了黑死病。

3.D 爱尔兰共和国在1949年独立。

4.A 英国内战于1642年到1646年间发生,国王查尔斯与议会发生争执,实际上是国王与清教

徒之间的矛盾引起的,结果议会胜利。

5.B 英国南面与法国隔着英吉利海峡。

6.B 英国最大的湖是内伊湖,最长的河流是塞文河。

7.B 苏格兰中低部适合人类生存,是苏格兰工业和人高度集中的地区。

8.A 由于英国农作业时的高度机械化,只需利用全国2%的人口来耕作大面积农地。

9.D 小麦和大麦是英国最重要的庄稼。

10.B 英国的义务教育是从5岁到16岁,所以期间的教育全部免费。

1 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?

A The Telegraph

B The Guardian

C The News of the World

D The Times

2 The river Thames is in _____.

A Wales

B Scotland

C England

D Northern Ireland

3 The Industrial Revolution started in _____.

A the Great Britain

B the United States

C Canada

D Austrilia

4 Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration?

A The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.

B Public housing became more important.

C Many public houses were sold to people.

D The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.

5 Britain has its nuclear naval force since _____.

A it’s one of the d eveloped countries in the world

B it’s a traditional sea power

C it has an advanced industry

D it’s able to produce submarines

6 Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain?

A The Times

B The Guardian

C The Observer

D The Financial Times

7 Big Ben was named after _____.

A Christopher Wren

B Benjamin Hall

C Ben John

D G. Stephenson

8 The Capital of Wales is _____.

A Swansea

B Cardiff

C Rhonda

D Belfast

9 _____ is England’s biggest naval base.

A Portsmouth

B Southampton

C Plymouth

D Dover

10 There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____.

A the Liberal Party

B the Democratic Party

C the Labour Party

D the Republican Party

练习题答案及题解:

1 D, 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。

2 C, 泰晤士河位于英格兰。

3 A, 工业革命最早从英国开始。

4 C, 1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相。她提出的政策称被为“撒切尔主义”。其内容包括国有企业私有化,采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀,削弱工会的影响,加强市场因素在经济中的作用,将公有住房卖给公众,强调法律和秩序。在一定程度上讲,她的计划是成功的。她领导英国经济度过了一段最繁华的时期。

5 B, 英国拥有其海军核力量与其一贯的霸主地位是密切相关的。

6 C, 《观察家报》创刊于1791年,是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸。

7 B, 据说Big Ben 得名于它在1859年修建时候的建造者Benjamin Hall。

8 B, 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府:加的夫。

9 A, 英国最大的海军基地是普茨茅斯。

10 C, 英国奉行的是两党制。其两大主要政党是保守党和工党。

1 Which name is NOT related to Britain?

A Northern Ireland

B Scotland

C Wales

D Toronto

2 The news agency Reuters was founded in _____.

A London

B Birmingham

C Liverpool

D Manchester

3 The tower of London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, was built by _____.

A King Harold

B Robin Hood

C Oliver Cromwell

D William the Conqueror

4 Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?

A The Anglo-Saxon

B The Normans

C The Vikings

D The Romans

5 Which is the largest city in Scotland?

A Cardiff

B Edinburgh

C Glasgow

D Manchester

6 In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 _____.

A can legally receive completely free education

B can legally receive partly free education

C cannot receive free education at all

D cannot receive free education of their parents are rich

7 The Industrial Revolution started in _____.

A the Great Britain

B the United States

C Canada

D Australia

8 What is the name of Britain’s highest mountain?

A Anne Boleyn

B Ben Nevis

C Snowdonia

D Scafell

9 Which is the correct name to use to refer to Britain in a political way?

A Great Britain

B The British Isles

C The United Kingdom

D England

10 Britain has, for centuries, been slowly tilting with _____.

A the North-West slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinking

B the North-East slowly rising and the South-West slowly sinking

C the South-East slowly rising and the North-west slowly sinking

D the South-West slowly rising and the North-East slowly sinking

练习题答案及题解:

1 D, 多伦多属于加拿大,与英国无关。

2 A, 路透社创建于伦敦。

3 D, 伦敦塔是1078年为防止罗马入侵由威廉大帝修建的。

4 A, 英国民族的前身是安格鲁萨克森人。

5 C, 格拉斯格是苏格兰最大的城市和经济中心。

6 A, 英国小孩5—16岁的教育是免费的。

7 A, 工业革命起源于英国。

8 B, 本尼维斯山为英国最高峰。

9 C, 提起英国,很多人会使用名字“Britain”,“England”或“British”,但这往往会惹恼苏格兰人,威尔士人以及北爱尔兰人。从政治角度来讲,“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”或“the United Kingdom/UK”是英国正确的叫法。“the British Isles”则是地理意义上的名字,包括Great Britain,the whole of Ireland (Northern and Southern),the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man 这些岛屿。

10 A, 英国几个世纪以来地势一直在缓慢地倾斜,表现为西北部在慢慢上升,而东南部在慢慢下沉,所以英国的西北部为高地。

1 The two areas in Britain where a lot of immigrants live are _____.

A London and Cambridge

B London and heart of England

C Manchester and Birmingham

D Edinburgh and Nottingham

2 The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.

A one

B two

C three

D four

3 Which flower is symbol of England?

A Thistle

B Shamrock

C Daffodil

D Rose

4 _____ was the home of the Lake Poets William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor, Coleridge and Robert Southey of 19th century Britain.

A Lough Neagh

B Windermere

C Lake District

D Coniston Water

5 The first known settlers of Britain were the _____.

A Iberians

B Beaker Folk

C Celts

D Anglo-Saxons

6 Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC?

A Emperor Claudius

B King Alfred

C King Ethelred

D Julius Caesar

7 Which one is not the reason for the very limited influence of Roman to Britain?

A The Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.

B The Romans and Britons never intermarry during the 4 centuries

C The Romans didn’t like the Britons.

D The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.

8 The Hundred Years’ war with France ended by the English being driven out of France. By 1453 _____ was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English.

A Dover

B Calais

C Southampton

D Portsmouth

9 Which war had little effect on ordinary people but gave a death blow to feudalism?

A The Wars of the Roses

B The Hundred Years’ War

C The English Civil War

D World War I

10 The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution , is generally regarded as the beginning of modern ____ history.

A European

B Scottish

C Welsh

D world

练习题答案及题解:

1 B, 现在,英国移民主要集中在伦敦及英格兰心脏地带的一些城市和城镇,诸如Slough, Leicester, Wolverhampton, Birmingham, Luton, Bradford, Coventry, Bedford 和Reading等等。

2 C, 英国国旗为红白蓝三色的米字旗(也叫“Union Jack”),是由三个十字组成。

3 D, A,蓟是苏格兰的象征,用作苏格兰的国徽;B,三叶苜蓿花为爱尔兰的国花;C,黄水仙花是威尔士的国花;D,玫瑰则是英格兰的国花。

4 C, 位于英格兰西北部和威尔士北部的湖区是英国著名的风景区之一,也是英国十九世纪湖畔诗人聚居的地方。

5 A, 最早来英国定居的是伊比利亚人。大约在公元前3000年左右,也就是新石器时代,他们从伊比利亚半岛(即今天的西班牙)来到英国。

6 D, 英国的历史是从罗马人的入侵开始的。恺撒,这位伟大的罗马将军,在公元前55年第一次带兵入侵并征服了英国。

7 C, 尽管罗马人征服了英国,但是罗马文化对英国的影响十分有限。这主要是因为:罗马人一直把英国人看作是社会地位相当于奴隶的被降伏的民族;在长达四个世纪的时间里从来没有罗马人跟英国人通婚;罗马人对英国平民阶层的语言和文化没有任何影响。

8 B, 英法之间的百年战争以英国人被赶出法国而告终。到1453年战争结束时,只有法国北部的加莱港还在英国人手里。

9 A, 尽管玫瑰战争持续了30年,但对老百姓的生活几乎没什么影响,反倒使英国的封建主义受到致命打击,贵族阶层受到了削弱。

10 D, 英国内战也叫“清教徒革命”,这是因为反对国王的人大部分是那些清教徒。英国内战不仅推翻了英国的封建制度,也动摇了欧洲封建统治的基础。所以,从这个角度讲,英国内战通常被看作现代世界史的开端。

美国概况

练习题:

1 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____.

A George Washington

B Thomas Jefferson

C William Penn

D Benjamin Franklin

2 The New Deal was started by _____.

A Franklin Roosevelt

B J.K. Kennedy

C George Washington

D Thomas Jefferson

3 The United States was rated _____ in the world in terms of land areas.

A second

B third

C fourth

D fifth

4 The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _____.

A Teachers

B students

C headmaster

D boards of education

5 The Bill of Rights consists of _____.

A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment

B 10 amendments adopted in 1787

C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791

D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion

6 The United States produces as much as much as half of the world’s _____.

A wheat and rice

B cotton

C tobacco

D soybeans and corn

7 Which invention marked the beginning of “The Age of Visual Information”?

A Newspaper

B Telegraph

C Laundry machine

D Television

8 The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from _____.

A George Washington

B Thomas Jefferson

C John Adams

D John Locke

9 The District of Manhattan is in the city if _____.

A Washington D.C.

B San Francisco

C New York

D Chicago

10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_____.

A according to their population

B according to their size

C according to their tax paid to federal government

D equally

练习题答案及题解

1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。

2 A, 新政是罗斯福为了应对美国经济大萧条而提出的。

3 C, 就面积而言,美国是世界第四大国。

4 D, 对此有决定权的是教育委员会。

5 C, 人权法案是于1791年增补到宪法法案上来的前十条修正案。

6 D, 美国出产占世界一半的是大豆和玉米。

7 D, 开创人类视觉信息革命的重大发明是电视机。

8 D, 美国的许多政治观念都是来源于英国著名哲学家约翰?洛克。

9 C, 曼哈顿是纽约市的著名经济和商业区,也是纽约的中心地带。

10 D, 美国每一个州在参议院中均有两位议员作为代表,与各州人口无关和众议院不同)。

1 The world-famous Havard University is in _____.

A Massachusetts

B New York

C Washington D.C.

D Maine

2 Which of the following statements about American education is wrong?

A Elementary and secondary education in America is free and compulsory

B Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals.

C There are more public colleges and universities than the private ones

D Credits taken at community colleges are normally applicable to requirement for a four-year bachelor’s degree.

3 _____ is a symbol of American theatre and world-class entertainment.

A Broadway

B Wall Street

C The Fifth Avenue

D Times Square

4 ____ is not a tourist attraction in the United States.

A Yellowstone National Park

B Grand Canyon

C St. Patrick’s Cathedral

D Stonehenge

5 ____ was an actor before he became the President.

A Ronald Reagan

B Abraham Lincoln

C Herbert Hoover

D Jimmy Carter

6 New Englanders were originally known as _____, which come to stand for all Americans.

A Hippies

B Yankees

C Uncle Sam

D Brother Jonathan

7 On the 30th of April 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in _____, which housed the government then.

A New York

B Washington D.C.

C Philadelphia

D Boston

8 Which of the following people was not an American President?

A John Hancock

B John Adams

C John Q. Adams

D Jimmy Carter

9 Henry Fond was the first man to _____.

A design a plane

B fly an aeroplane

C mass-produciton

D design and make a car

10 “That government of the people, by the people, for the people, … ”were the words by _____.

A Thomas Jefferson

B Abraham Lincoln

C Andrew Johnson

D Theodore Roosevelt

练习题答案及题解:

1 A, 哈佛大学位于马萨诸塞州的剑桥(Cambridge)镇。

2 C, 在美国,私立高等教育机构要多于公立的。象麻省理工,耶鲁大学,哈佛大学都是私立的。

3 A, 百老汇是一条由南向北贯穿曼哈顿全岛的大道,其中心地带是在第42借“时代广场”附近,周围云集了几十家剧院,上演被称为现代歌舞剧的剧目。

4 D, Stonehenge 在英国,是古代城池的遗迹。

5 A, 里根从政前曾经在好莱坞闯荡20多年,参与演出了50多部电影。

6 B, Yankees 一词具有丰富的含义。现在用于代表美国人,俗称美国佬。在美国南部,Yankee 是指美国北部各州的居民,即北方佬;而对多数美国人来说,Yankee 意味着新英格兰人。

7 A, 1789年George Washington 在纽约宣誓就职,1790年首都迁往费城。1800年以后定都华盛顿。

8 A, John Hancock,因其当时在《独立宣言》上的签名很大,他的名字在美语里变成了签名的代名词。

9 C, Henry Ford 早期是一名技师,虽然没有发明汽车,但他是第一位批量生产汽车的人。

10 B, 这是Abraham Lincoln 于1863年11月19日在葛底斯堡阵亡将士墓举行落成仪式上发表的著名的《葛底斯堡演说》的片语。。

英国文学

1.____refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.

A Allegory

B Conflict

C Irony

D Flashback

2.___was recognized as the greatest poet of Victorian England.

A Tennyson

B Robert Browning

C Mrs.Browning

D Robert Burns

3.James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT____

A Dubliners

B A Potrait of the Artist as a Young Man

C Jude the Obscure

D Ulysses

4.Which of the follwing poets is different from the others?

A John Donne

B John Keats

C Lord Byron

D Percy Bysshe Shelley

5.William Wordsworth is an English ____

A poet

B novelist

C playwright

D critic

6.The compiler of A Dictionary of the English Language is _____

A Joseph Addison

B Richard Steele

C Samuel Johnson

D Laurence Stern

7.My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by ____

A William Shakespeare

B Robert Browing

C Ben Jonson

D Robert Herrick

8. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ____

A John Keats

B William Blake

C William Wordsworth

D Percy Bysshe Shelley

9.Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by ____

A Christopher Marlow

B John Miltom

C William Shakespeare

D Ben Johnson

10. James Joyce mostly wrote about his hometown ____

A London

B Dublin

C New York

D Edinburgh

答案:

1.D irony 是指“反讽”,揭示事物表面与真相的差别。

2.A Aflred Tennyson 被称为维多利亚时代最杰出的英国诗人。他的主要作品为:The Princess,Maud 和短诗Break,Break,Break。

3.C Jude the Obscure是Thomas Hardy的作品。

4.A 除了John Donn是玄学派诗人外,另外三位为浪漫主义派诗人。

5.A William Wordsworth是英国前浪漫主义诗人。

6.C Samuel Johnson(1709-1784)编写的《英语字典》是之后所有英语字典的基石。

7.B Robert Browning(1812-1889)擅于写独角剧,他的代表作是My Last Duchess和Meeting at Night。

8.A Beauty is truth, truth beauty是John Keats的写作宗旨,他用尽毕生精力追求能够表达一切美丽事物的诗篇。

9.B 《失乐园》和《复乐园》均为John Milton所做。

10.B James Joyce出生于爱尔兰的首都都柏林,主要作品有:A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man,Ulysses。故事合集Dubliners。

加拿大概况

1 What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?

A United States of America

B United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

C New Zealand

D Canada

2 The national anthem of Canada is ____

A Canada The Beautiful

B O Canada

C God Defend Canada

D Advance Canada Fair

3 The capital city of Canada is ____

A Montreal

B Toronto

C Albert

D Ottawa

4 According to the Official Language of Act of Canada, there are two official language in this country: they are____

A English and Spanish

B English and Portuguese

C English and French

D English and Celtic

5Canada is a world ____producer of nickel, zinc, and asbestos……

A primary

B second

C third

D fourth

6 The highest peak in Canada is ____, which is the Yukon Territory of northwest Canada.

A. Mount Lawrence

B. Mount Superior

C. Mount Logan D Mount Huron

7 St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both ____

A. America and Mexico

B. America and Canada

C. America and Cuba

D. America and Brazil

8 Apart from Paris, Fra nce, Montreal is regarded as the largest____city in the world, known as “Paris the Second”.

A. Spanish-speaking

B. Portuguese-speaking

C. German-speaking

D. French-speaking

9____, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.

A. Montreal

B. Quebec

C. Toronto

D. Vancouver

10.Canada is the world’s ____country in terms of land area.

A. largest

B. second largest

C. third largest

D. fourth largest

答案及解析:

1.D 加拿大国树为枫树,期国徽和国旗上都有枫叶的图案,因此长期以来枫叶被视作加拿大的象征。

2.B 加拿大国歌是《啊!加拿大》。

3.D加拿大首都是渥太华,位于安大略省东南部与魁北克省交界处,是加拿大的经济政治中心,同时也是加拿大的文化中心。

4.C 1867年的《不列颠北美法案》将英法两种语言定为加拿大联邦政府和魁北克省社会公共机构的官方语言。1968年的《官方语言法案》规定英语和法语均为加拿大官方语言。

5.A 加拿大是世界锌和石棉的第一大生产国,钾碱产量居世界第二,黄金产量居第三,铜产量位居第四。

6.C 加拿大最高峰为洛根峰,海拔6050米。

7.B 美加边境有两条国际河流,一条是哥伦比亚河,另一条是圣劳伦斯河。

8.D 蒙特利尔的法裔加拿大占全市人口的三分之二,是除了法国巴黎以外世界上最大的法语城市,素有“小巴黎”之称。

9.D温哥华总人口190万,是加拿大第三大城市和工商业中心,也是不列颠哥伦比亚区的最大城市、加拿大西海岸主要港口和横贯加拿大全景铁路线的终点。它还是一个天然良港,动机不结冰。10.B 加拿大位于美国以北,是世界上仅次于俄国的第二大国家。

英国概况

1.____is the home of golf.

A England

B Scotland

C Wales

D Ireland

2.Which of the follwing languages is NOT spoken in Scotland?

A English

B Scottish

C Gaelic

D Denish

3.The election of ____ made Margaret Thatcher to power and she became the first woman prime minister.

A 1979

B 1980

C 1982

D 1992

4.To its full sense, the British Parliament consist of ____

A the House Lord and the House of Commons

B the House and the Senate

C the Queen and the Hosue of Lords

D the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons

5.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, was built by ____

A King Harold

B Robin Hood

C Oliver Cromwell

D William the Conqueror

6.There are ____ state churches in Britain.

A two

B three

C four

D five

7.When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son____, the regime began immediately to collapse.

A Henry

B Hamilton

C Richard

D Charles

8.____ birthday is a great event in Britain since it marks the beginning of full manhood or womanhood.

A The twenty-first

B The eighteenth

C The nineteenth

D The twentieth

9.Reuters was founded in ____

A 1715

B 1751

C 1851

D 1815

10. What is (are) the nickname(s) of the U.S.A.?

A Uncle Sam

B Brother Jonathan

C Yankee

D All of the above

答案及解析:

1.B 高尔夫是一项古老的贵族的运动,源于十五世纪或更早以前的苏格兰,苏格兰地区山多,气候湿润,多雾,非常适合牧草生长,这里的工业文明以前是连绵不断的牧场。相传当时牧羊人放牧闲暇时,用木板玩游戏,将石子击入兔子窝或洞中。久而久之形成了使用不同的球杆并按一定的规则击球。

2.D Gaelic苏格兰盖尔语是高地苏格兰人的传统语言;更多人使用的语言是英语。一直到15世纪末,盎格鲁人仍然以他们的语言称苏格兰盖尔语为「苏格兰语」(盎格鲁语:Scottish)。

3.A Margaret Thatcher 在1979年成为英国首相,为英国史上第一个女首相。

4.D 具体的说,英国的议会是有元首,上议院和下议院组成。其中,元首没有实权,上议员由大法官(Lord Chancellor)掌权,是由神职议员(the Lord Spiritual)和世俗议员(the Lord Temporal),下议院的成员是通过选举产生的651名议员,以首相为首。

5.D 伦敦塔名为“塔”,实际上是公元11世纪处于罗马统治时期的一座城堡式建筑。

6.A英国有两大国教:在英格兰是英格兰教(Church of England)或者英国圣公会,在苏格莎白的头衔全称为“托上帝宏恩,大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合国和她的其他领土和领地的女王、英联邦元首、

基督教的保护者伊丽莎白二世”。可见,英/女王是基督教的保护者。

7.C Oliver Cromwell的儿子在父亲过世后继承王权,但是不久后掌控的政体瓦解。1660年,议会扶植流浪法国的前国王儿子Charle二世当国王。

8.A 在英国,21岁生日是个大生日,因为他们认为21岁是大人开始的年龄。

9.C 路透社是世界四大通讯社之一,也是英国创办最早的通讯社。1850年由保罗·朱利叶斯·路透(paul julius reuter)在德国亚琛创办,1851年迁址到伦敦。创办人路透原为德国人,后加入英国籍。1865年,路透把他的私人通讯社扩展成为一家大公司。

10.D “山姆大叔”(Uncle Sam),“乔纳森大哥”和“扬基老”都是美国和美国人的绰号。

美国概况

1. In area, the United States is the ____ largest country in the world.

A 2nd

B 3rd

C 4th

D 5th

2.The 50th state in America is ____

A Alaska

B Texas

C Hawaii

D Rhode Island

3. Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano, is located in ____

A Hawaii

B Alaska

C Texas

D Perth

4. Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 because of ____.

A the Great Depression

B the Black Power Movement

C the Watergate Scandal

D the Isolation policy

5.All the following universities are located in New England EXCEPT____

A Yale

B Harvard

C MIT

D Berkeley

6.The United States has less than 6% of the world’s population; yet it produces about ____ of the total world output.

A 20%

B 25%

C 30%

D 35%

7.What forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States?

A The Rio Grande River

B The southern Rocky Mountains

C The Colorado River

D The Gulf of California

8. The US formally entered the Second World War in ____

A 1937

B 1939 C1941 D 1943

9. The Presidents during the American Civil War was .

A Andrew Jackson

B Abraham Lincoln

C Thomas Jefferson

D George Washington

10 The emblem of the Democratic Party is ____.

A elephant

B d onkey

C bear

D bull

答案及解析:

1.C 按领土面积计算:美国是继俄罗斯,加拿大,中国之后的第四名。

2.C 1959年,Alasica和Hawaii分别为第四十九个和第五十个加入美国的州。

3.A Mauna Loa(摩纳罗亚山)是世界上最大的活火山。位于美国Hawaii(夏威夷)。

4.C 尼克松总统辞职是由于轰动一时的丑闻“水门事件”。水门事件指美国共和党政府在1972年总统竞选运动中的非法活动暴露后的政治丑闻。

5.D Berkeley(伯克利),是加利福尼亚大学分院,位于美国加利福尼亚西部。而新英格兰地区包括美国的六个州,由北至南分别为:缅因州、新罕布夏州、佛蒙特州、麻萨诸塞州、罗德岛、康乃狄克州。

6.B 美国人口低于世界人口总值的6%,但是美国经济生产总值占世界25%,是高度工业化国家。

7.A The Rio Grand River(格兰德河)形成了美国与墨西哥的自然分界线。

8.C 1941年的珍珠港事件把美国带入了第二次世界战争,与苏联,英国共同对战法西斯。

9.B Abraham Lincoln是美国第十六届总统,带领美国人走过美国内战,解放奴隶,但是在战争结束不到一周被暗杀。

10.B 19世纪70年代,在美国的《哈泼斯周刊》上,曾先后出现了政治漫画家托马斯·纳斯特的两幅画,分别以长耳朵的驴和长鼻子的象比拟美国民主党和共和党。后来,纳斯特又在一幅画中同时画进了象和驴,比喻当时的两党竞选。自那以后,驴和象就逐渐成为美国两大党的象征,两党也分别以驴、象作为党徽的标记。

美国文学

1.The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ____

A Jack London

B Charles Dickens

C Samuel Coleridge

D Ernest Hemingway

2.In which novel can "Yahoo" be found?

A John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress

B Edmund Spencer's The Faerie Queen

C Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

D Henry Fielding's Tom Jones

3.The Catcher in the Rye is written by ____

A J.D. Salinger

B Jack London

C Flannery O'Connor

D Saul Bellow

4.The image of the famous "henpecked husband" is created by____

A Washington Irving

B Fennimore Cooper

C Edith Wharton

D William Dean Howells

5.The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be ____

A O'Neil

B Pound

C Robert Frost DScott Fitzgerald

6.____ is the most important person of the transcendental club.

A Hawthorn

B Whitman

C Emerson

D Hemingway

7. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following except____

A fridendship

B love and marriage

C life and death

D war and peace

8.Robert Frost is a famous ____

A novelist

B playwright

C poet

D literary critic

9.Dover Beach is written by ____

A Robert Browning

B Alfred Tennyson

C Mathew Arnold

D Dylan Thomas

10.The period from 1865-1914 has been referred to as the ____ in the literary history of the United States.

A Age of Realism

B Age of Clasicalism

C Age of Romanticism

D Age of Renaissance

答案及解析:

1.D 《老人与海》是海明威的作品。

2.C Jonathan Swift的Gulliver's Travels(《格列弗游记》)中yahoo暗指人类,集人类丑陋面于一身,服务于动物的一类生物。

3.A The Catcher in the Rye(《麦田里的守望者》)是J.D. Salinger(J.D. 赛琳格)的名著。

4.A henpecked husband 是指“怕老婆的男人”,改典型形象出自Washington Irving 的Rip Van Winkle。

5.D 二十世纪出现Jazz Age,这一代的年轻人物欲膨胀,沉迷酒色。Scott Fitzgerald的Great Gatsby 《了不起的盖茨比》根据时代特征,对深深讽刺了所谓的美国梦。

6.C Emerson是超验主义的重要代表,所著Nature《论自然》代表了他的哲学观。

7.D Emily Dickinson(1709-1784),美国女诗人,终生未嫁。主要诗歌包括:I Could Not Sto for Death 还有,I'm Nobody. Who Are You?

诗歌主题为:爱情,自然,友谊,死亡与不朽。

8.C Robert Frost是十九世纪的美国诗人,后因父亲过世已经英国,在新英格兰享有很高名望。主要作品有:The Road Not Taken,Mending Wall。

9.C Dover Beach(《多弗的海滩》)是Mathew Arnold 的作品。

10.A 1865-1914,也就是美国内战结束之后,第一次世界大战爆发之前。这个时候涌现的作家,比如Mark Twain刻画出美国经济政治发展引发的社会现实问题,包括“Gold Rush”。

历年专八作文真题及范文

2011年 Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons? Nowadays,with the rapid development of tourism industry, it has become popular for quite some people to travel at vacation after a long period of heavy load of working. They come to some historical sites to relax themselves. At the same time, holiday is the busiest travel times of the year. Generally speaking, the famous Chinese sites of historical interest will charge higher fees during the time. Recently, a controversial viewpoint towards historic sites' higher charge that whether such action will hurt citizen's sentiment. My opinion is that it's worth charging higher fees. First of all, I firmly believe that it is necessary to charge higher fees. People could understand the meaning of life and the permanent value from these measures, then they will change their thinking style of study and work. Historical sites let people realize death is not far away and we should not waste our life. Moreover, when parents take their children to the historic interest, the children can learn knowledge of history rather than just playing there. At the same time they receive education. In fact,I think it is meaningful to go to Chinese sites of historical interest than to the playground. Last but not least, historical sites' complete preservation needs a large amount of money. In order to make our historical sites exist forever, we

(完整)高考英语听力高频词汇(已整理)

高考英语听力必备场景词汇精选 1、天气 fine 晴朗的,sunny/bright/clear 阳光充足的,cloudy多云的,rainy有雨的,wet 潮湿的,humid湿润的,freezing-cold冰冷的,cool凉爽的,mild温和的,warm暖和的,hot炎热的,windy有风的,calm无风的,breeze微风,light/strong winds 微风/大风,moderate风力不大 fog雾,snow雪,drizzle毛毛雨,light rain小雨,shower 阵雨,storm暴风雨,downpour倾盆大雨,blizzard大风雪,snowstorm暴风雪,thunder打雷,typhoon 台风,tornado龙卷风 It rains cats and dogs. 下着倾盆大雨。 2、购物 Store 商店,9rocery食品杂货店,department store百货商店,shopping center购物中心,mall商场 shop assistant 店员,counter柜台,receipt 收据,,catalog产品目录,deliver 送货,refund退熬撫bargain便宜货,second-hand二手的,poplar/fashionable 流行的,expensive昂贵的,cheap便宜的,size尺寸大小,color颜色,style式样,brand 品牌 pay by installment分期付款,pay In cash用现金支付,pay jn check用支票支付,credit card信用卡,selling season销售旺季,on sale廉价出售,50% off 打五折,a 30% discount 打七折 3、餐馆 restaurant餐馆,coffee shop/café咖啡屋,buffet自助餐,cafeteria自助餐厅,snack bar小吃郝、大排档,dining hall餐厅 waiter/waitress 男/女侍者,treat请客,menu菜单,order点菜,serve上菜,tip 小费,change零钱,knife小刀,fork叉子,chopsticks, 筷子,spoon勺子,plate 碟子,tray 托盘 appetizer开胃:菜,steak牛排,cheese 奶酪,sandwich三明治,hamburger 汉堡包, French fries炸薯条,pizza比萨饼,soup 汤,dessert(饭后)甜点,dressing

专八历年翻译答案

专八翻译 第一部分汉译英 1.2000年试题 中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比,它先天有些不足,后天也常缺乏营养,但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。 世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用,但是,它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察。这样,他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术,去探索科学技术的奥妙。 中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆。它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处,设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品,展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。 The first generation museums of sciences are those devoted to natural history, which show through fossils and specimens the evolutionary changes of the earth and organisms. Those of the second generation are museums of industrial technology exhibiting achievements made in various periods of the industrial age. These two types of museums, while functioning as disseminators of scientific knowledge, treat their visitors as mere viewers. Science museums of the third generation are entirely different from their predecessors. They stress visitor participation, encouraging those interested to make detailed study of the exhibits on their own by trying their hands on them. The experience so gained will enable them to understand advanced technologies better and help them in their quest for what is still unknown in science (陶文好李孚声,《2000年英语专业八级汉译英词汇误译心理认知分析》,《上海科技翻译》,2001年第1期第36-41页) 2.2001年试题 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知,那就是钓鱼和喝酒。 晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓,他说:“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园,而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。乔羽说:“钓鱼可分三个阶段:第一阶段是吃鱼;第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之;第三阶段主要是钓趣,面对一池碧水,将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边,使自己的身心得到充分休息。” 译文 1 In his later years (Late in his life), Qiao Yu has become enamored of fishing (developed a penchant / special fondness for fishing). He asserts: “Mostly speaking, a place with water and fish must necessarily be blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood. I believe that the optimum fishing places are not those commercial fishing centers which provide the fishermen with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but those naturally-formed places in the wilderness w hich exert a special appeal.” According to him, fishing can constitute an activity conducive to the cultivation of one’s

2019年英语专业八级考试作文范文:Migrant Workers

2019年英语专业八级考试作文范文:Migrant Workers The Role of Migrant Workers Migrant workers have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities. They leave their home-land for better chances. Some want to change their destiny, some want to make a fortune. Whatever the purposes they cherished when millions of them streamed into big cities, they have promoted the development of cities. Most of the migrant workers are hard working and unafraid of hardships. They take up the dirtiest, the most strenuous or dangerous jobs which city laborers are unwilling to do. With lots of building they have set up and streets they have kept clean, they have helped modernize and beautify cities. Not only have they become the main work force in the construction sector, they also have helped liberate city women from heavy housework chores by taking care of the babies, cleaning houses or providing any other services citizens need. Although some of the citizens complain about the increasing number of the problems such as theft, robbery a few of migrant workers have committed, most of the citizens agree that their contribution is obvious, and with better management, their role in the construction of cities will definitely be greater.

历年专业八级考试真题:翻译

历年专业八级考试真题:翻译 历年专业八级考试真题:翻译 Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province(范围)of the rich unless we abdicate(退位、放弃)society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible(易接近的,可达到的)to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives(必要的)of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse(冲动)towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation(表述、陈述)is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment(完成、成就)in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones (标准、试金石)for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire(立志、追求目标、渴望); they carry the most profound (深厚的、深刻的)messages that can be sent from one human to another. 参考译文: 欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈:你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。然而,享用昂贵的东西并不完全是富人的特权,除非我们放弃社会选择的权利。我们有权利使歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式面向大众,面向那些个人没有支

英语听力46级考试常用地点单词和高频词组

英语听力4/6级考试常用地点单词和高频词组 场景单词 hospital : inject prescription ward nurse doctor surgery surgeon physician(physicist) dentist clinic(picnic) vet (veterinarian) vomit cancer high blood pressure heart attack heart failure heart disease chest pain back ache headache stomachache toothache injure my ankle (wrist ) flu cold fever sore throat treatment operation medicine pills tablets bank: interest rate account open a savings/cash/ check / fixed/current account change A TM( automated teller machine) teller library: keep return borrow librarian director magazine novel periodical daily fine due overdue airport: luggage check in/ out flight ticket flight have a good flight visa passport fasten your safe belt take off land departure (time) post office: post mail parcel overweight postage envelope stamp ( five 20 cents stamps please?) hotel: check in/out luggage room service reception/front desk bath room twins /single /double /bed room taxi book a room restaurant: waiter waitress customer menu reservation book bill soft drink cola juice coffee whiskey brandy vodka white/red wine beer alcohol spirit (白酒) sprite ( 雪碧) fried chicken roasted chicken French bread French fries (炸薯条) beef mutton hotpot pork sandwich sausage pizza school: credit points (学分) score/ point / mark ( 考试分数) test card (成绩报告单) grade book (计分册) supervisor/instructor/tutor (导师) thesis /paper (论文) semester/term seminar(研讨会) school open /graduation ceremony (开学/毕业典礼) doctor master bachelor graduate undergraduate college student fresh man sophomore junior senior professor associate professor (副教授) teaching assistant (T.A) lecturer (讲师) pupil course subject physics chemistry biology philosophy economics psychology politics geography fellowship scholarship student union (学生会) student body ( 学生总称) monitor class officer (班委) a teacher in charge of a class( 班主任) scholar (学者) street: park speed speeding car accident traffic signal traffic jam /rush hour / traffic light / much traffic 交通高峰期或交通堵塞fine driving license 驾照 store : can I help you? I will take it. How much? What can I do for you? Wide selection a variety of 各式各样的

专八历年翻译

英语专业八级考试翻译历年真题汇总 1998年E-C: I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent — e. g. in painting and music —they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an “English tradition” after all. To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert(断言、声称)that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step(同步). At any given moment(在任何时候) the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification(限制、限定、资格) to precede(领先、超前) the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree(唯一只是在程度上), sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence(分歧、差异) is a subtle (微妙的)affair, liable(有可能的) to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses (重要的感觉)grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own — and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship(亲缘关系) yields to a sudden alienation(疏远关系), as when we hail(打招呼) a person across the street, only to discover from his blank(没有表情的) response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend. 参考译文(翻译第二段): 因此,我们在说“美国”文学,并不表明我们认为美国文学与欧洲文学截然不同。一般来说,美国和欧洲一直在同步发展。无论何时,旅游者在两地都能看到同一式的建筑,见到

历年专八作文范文

2011 400 情景提纲式Should Famous Chinese Sites of Historical Interest Charge Higher Fees During Peak Travel Seasons? 2010 400 情景提纲式Innovative Design or Reflecting Regional Characteristics? 2009 400 情景提纲式Are Dialects Just as Acceptable in Public Places? 2008 400 情景提纲式What I Have Learned from My Years at University 2007 400 情景提纲式The Impact of Financial Disparity on Friendship 2006 400 情景提纲式Ambition 2005 400 情景提纲式Interview Is a...Way to Select Employees 2011年 Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons? Nowadays,with the rapid development of tourism industry, it has become popular for quite some people to travel at vacation after a long period of heavy load of working. They come to some historical sites to relax themselves. At the same time, holiday is the busiest travel times of the year. Generally speaking, the famous Chinese sites of historical interest will charge higher fees during the time. Recently, a c ontroversial viewpoint towards historic sites' higher charge that whether such action will hurt citizen's sentiment. My opinion is that it's worth charging higher fees. First of all, I firmly believe that it is necessary to charge higher fees. People could understand the meaning of life and the permanent value from these measures, then they will change their thinking style of study and work. Historical sites let people realize death is not far away and we should not waste

高考听力常见及高频单词(最完整)

高考听力高频单词 听力的短对话和长对话部分,其话题范围是以校园生活(campus life)为主题,主要是学习打工,衣食住行,英语是模式化的语言,固定场景只会用固定词汇,分场景总结记忆,听力场景词汇,归纳总结是十分必要的。 1.学习选课场景 Day course 白天的课,Evening course 晚上的课 科目或专业:mathematic 数学,history 历史,chemistry 化学,Literature 文学,Physics 物理, Chemistry 化学, Biology生物, Politics政治, History历史, Geography地理Math 数学Final exam 期终考试,middle exam 期中考试,test测验,quiz 小测验,oral test 口试drawing near考试临近, delay / be off / hold up / postpone / put off考试延期或取消public school 公立学校,private school 私立学校, 学校中的人:president 校长,dean 院长,headmaster 中小学校长,professor 教授,lecturer 讲师doctor 博士,master 硕士,bachelor 学士,freshman 大一新生,middle school student 中学生,primary school student小学生 have a lecture 上课,cut a class/play truant 逃课,miss a class 错过了课,scholarship 荣誉奖学金,homework, exam, test, mid-term/ final examination, marks, text book, playground, department, Bachelor’s degree, Master’s degree, Doctor’s degree, Campus, lecture, dormitory, term, dining-hall, swimming-pool, courses, foreign language, gym, 2. 图书馆场景 lend / borrow借书reference book参考书,renew续借,overdue过期,return还书,fine 罚金,librarian图书管理员, subject主题,author作者,library图书馆, reading-room阅览室, book-shelf书架, novel小说, story-book故事书, picture-book图画书,science fiction科幻小说newspaper报纸, magazine杂志, periodical期刊library card借书证 3.交通运输场景 fare 车票,license 驾照,rush hours 高峰时间,traffic jam 交通堵塞one way street 单行道,over speed 超速ticket 罚单express way 高速公路traffic police交警, 交通工具(出现频率从高到低)plane / train / bus / bike / walk / taxi tunnel / channel 隧道, ring road 环线, subway(美)/ underground (英)地铁Used car 旧车,afford买的起,Give sb a ride搭车Taxi/cab出租车,break down抛锚,flat tire爆胎rush hour 高峰期,traffic jam堵车,car accident事故fix/repair修理,garage 修车场,damage损害dead 报废,survive 活下来,minor injury 轻伤subway(underground), boat, ship, transportation, timetable, journey, speed, 4.电话场景 mobile phone 手机,pay phone 公用电话,telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页,extension 分机,dial/ press(拨/按电话号码),put through 接通,wrong number记错号码,hold on 不要挂断,take / leave a message 留言,hang up ,挂断answering machine 自动答录机,long-distance call 长途电话,overseas call 越洋电话,mobile / cell phone 手机give sb a call / ring 给某人打电话the line is busy 占线operator 接线员The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line.电话占线 5.机场场景 flight航班Welcome on board 欢迎登机plane 飞机,book 订票,timetable 时间表,destination 目的地safe landing 安全着陆,board 登机,take off 起飞,departure 离港safety / sect belt 安全带,land 着陆,arrival 进港,pick up 接机security check 安检,see off 送

历年专八翻译真题

历年专八英译汉翻译真题 1995 I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self? I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.” Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us. 对我的几个儿子来说,乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜,垂钓来的鱼,邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居,作为回报,我儿媳也帮着照看其孩子。乡邻之间互相交换技能和劳动。但比之更重要的是,你如何来衡量那静谧与安详?如何来衡量自我价值呢? 我无意将小地方的生活理想化。因为有时外面的世界会无情地侵入:比如汽油价格上涨,开发商把眼睛盯住尚未开发的农田;那里充斥着凶残和偏狭,大城市的种种卑劣行径,小地方也一应俱全。不仅如此,当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或将它们解释为异乡人的为所欲为,而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时,就更难以忽视它们。 1996 It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeed more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government. 这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将,他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源,是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利,也很多好消息可供炒作。例如,美国上下一片和平,美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外,这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助,因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是,他们的候选人是罗纳德·里根,他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来,里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统:一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。

相关文档
最新文档