被动语态的相关知识

关于被动语态的相关知识（初二期末复习）

一：基本结构be （体现时态）+ done（体现意义）

1：一般现在时态；am/is/are

2：一般过去时态was/were

3：一般将来时态will be

4：过去将来时态would be

5：现在完成时态have/has been + done

6：过去完成时态had been

7：现在进行时态am/is/are being

8；过去进行时态was/were being

9：现在完成进行时态have/has been being

10；过去完成进行时态had been being

二：例句；

1；This kind of TV set is made in Guangzhou。

2：The thief was arrested yesterday；

3：The man was being asked by the police。

4：Your wallet has been found。

5：My sister would be taken care of by grandma。

三；解题思路：

The police was asking the thief。

ask（先找出动词原形）

be asked （写出这个单词被动语态的基本结构）

was being asked （写出Be的对应时态，一定和主语一直）The thief was being asked by the police。（这个句子的被动语态就呈现出来了）

四；需要注意的几个问题：

1：以下动词都没有被动语态：happen，arrive，die，come，go，take place，belong to。2：主动句的宾语是each other 或反身代词时，不能用被动语态，

3：被动语态表示以主语为承受者的动作，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。两者形式相同，意义却不一样。而且系表结构中的过去分词常有固定的介词搭配，也可以被形容词修饰。

Miss Wang is satisfied with us （系表结构）

She is so worried about her exams。（系表结构）

The land is covered by the snow。（被动语态）

The land is covered with the snow。（系表结构）

4：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不能丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。

5：当宾补为do时，变为被动语态，要加上to，变为to do 。

The film made me cry。

I was made to cry by the film。

6：want，need，require，allow等动词表示需要时，常跟doing形式，相当于to be done My bike needs repairing=My bike needs to be repaired。

Your hair wants cutting。

7：open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，wash，cut，burn，drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动含义。This kind of shirts sells well。这种衬衫卖得很好！

翻译的基本技巧被动语态的翻译

翻译的基本技巧——语态转换译法语态转换译法 1 顺译法顺译成被动句顺译成主动句 2 倒译法把by后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语倒译成汉语的无主句 3 分译法一、顺译法既保留原文的主语，又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法。 1 顺译法 (Translation in Original Order) 1. 1 顺译成被动句 A.译成“被”字所谓“被”字句，就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被”字来表示被动的句子。主要表示这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊，或者出乎意料。加上“被”字以引起读者的注意并表示“被”这一动作动作接受者（受事者）是不乐意或不情愿接受的。例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated. 【译文】维生素C受热过度就会被破坏。例2：Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate. 【译文】花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。例3：She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner! (Charlotte Bront?: Jane Eyre) 【译文】她以为一切都是公正合法的，做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套，跟一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘。 B. 译成“挨”字句 “挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者（受事者）不利或不好的句子。例1：The boy was criticized yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。例2：I was caught in the downpour. 【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。 C. 译成“给”字句

最全初中英语语法之被动语态

初中英语被动语态复习一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如： He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明： 2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）三、主动语态变为被动语态转换图示： 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四．被动语态的基本用法 1.需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away. 阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。 2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，应使用被动语态。 He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War. 他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。 The problem has to be dealt with right now. 这个问题必须马上处理。 3.当说话人需要强调客观时，用被动语态。 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃. 据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。 It is hoped that they will be successful.

被动语态注意事项

被动语态被动语态注意事项一、主动形式表示被动意义 1.系动词的主动表被动 Smell,taste,fell,sound,prove等表示感官意义的和表示结果的连系动词。 The mixture tastes terrible. She proves very patient and warm-hearted. 2.有些不及物动词可用主动形式表示被动意义表示主语的特征状态的动词，如 lock,shut,open,move,read,write,sell,wash,clean,draw,cut 等。特别是后加副词well, easily等修饰时，常用主动表示被动

意义。 This table cleanse very easily. His book does not sell well. The book won’t shut. 3.某些表示发生（happen, take place, occur）、爆发（break out, burst out）或者“传播（spread）”的不及物动词。 The news that a famous singer would give a show spread quickly. 4.在表示需要的词need,want,require等词的后面，v-ing形式用主动表示被动意义 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. My clothes want washing/to be washed. 5.Worth 后面v-ing用主动表示被动 The picture-book is well worth reading. Such a man as Mr. smith is not worth helping. 二、不带to的不定式做宾语，变为被动要加上To(let除外) We saw a stranger enter the hall. A stranger was seen to enter the hall. 三、有些不及物动词如give,send,take,bring,get等，变被动时加to They gave the visitors a warm welcome. A warm welcome was given to the visitors by them. 四、有些不及物动词如buy、make、find、get等，变成被动语态

英语语法大攻克--主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项

主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如： They set up this hospital in 1975. →This hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。 Only he can finish the job. →只有他能完成这项工作。 The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。（2）含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack.有两个宾语的句子的被动语态： A. 可有两种被动语态的常用动词有：buy，give，leave，lend，offer，pay，teach，tell，show，等。 1. He gave me the book just now. The book was given to me( by him) just now. = I was given the book (by him) just now. 2. They show the guard their passports at the entrance to the building. The passports were shown to the guard by them at the entrance to the building. = The guard was shown the passports by them at the entrance to the building. B. 通常用直接宾语作被动语态主语的一些动词有: bring，do，make，pass，sell，send，sing，write，等。 1. He wrote her a letter. A letter was written to her. My mother made me a skirt. A skirt was made (for me) by my mother. 五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look, feel, smell等。下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，take，have An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday.（） The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。 This book sells well.这本书畅销。

被动语态的结构及用法

教学过程被动语态的结构及用法 Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs 1、规则动词过去分词的构成： (1)一般情况+ed 如worked；以不发音的e结尾，直接+d 如liked (2)以“辅音字母+y”，y →i+ed 如study →studied (3)以重读闭音节结尾，词尾仅一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母+ed 如stopped，planned 2、特殊变化：课本附录 Step 2 Presentation:呈现一、语态概述：略讲 1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 2、主动语态，即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom. 3、被动语态，即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us. 二、被动语态的构成：略被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。 1、现在：（1）一般现在时am/is/are + done （2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done （3）现在完成时have/has + been done 2、过去：（1）一般过去时was/were + done （2）过去进行时was/were + being done 3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done 三、被动语态句式：略（1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them. （2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them. （3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them? （4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by) 四、被动语态的用法： 1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen. 2、淡化动作的执行者（没有说明、没必要指出、不知道） Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight. Step 3 Consolidation:巩固五、主动与被动的转换：时态不变 A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语 B.谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语（介词by之后），主格→宾格 Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him. 1、S+V+O

英语被动语态的用法及注意事项

3-18岁纯英式素质教育领航者：纯英式资深外教，纯英式国际领先教材，纯英式学习环境！优尼全能英语：英语被动语态的用法及注意事项一、注意被动语态的不同时态被动语态由“be+过去分词”，其中的助动词be 根据情况可使用各种不同时态。如：She is respected by everyone. 她受到大家的尊重。(一般现在时)The book will be reprinted soon. 这本书很快会重印。(一般将来时)The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。(现在进行时)They have been given a warning. 他们受到警告。(现在完成时) 二、注意带情态动词的被动语态该结构的基本形式为“情态动词+be(或be的适当形式)+过去分词”。这类结构非常有可能作为语境题出现在考卷中。如：The rules must be obeyed. 这些规章制度必须遵守。They shouldn’t have been told about it. 这事是不应当告诉他们的。三、注意非谓语动词的被动语态1. 不定式一般式的被动语态。由“to be+过去分词”构成。如：构成。如：She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求给她一些工作做。He was the last person to be asked to speak. 他是最后被邀请发言的人。2. 不定式完成式的被动语态。由“to have been+过去分词”构成。如：I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想让人把结果早点告诉我的。3. 现在分词一般式的被动语态。由“being+过去分词”构成。如：I saw him being taken away. 我看见有人把他带走了。Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有墙作保护，他感到很安全。4. 现在分词完成式的被动语态。由“having been+过去分词”构成。如：Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。The subject having been opened，he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。5. 动名词一般式的被动语态。由“being+过去分词”构成。如：She likes being looked at. 她喜欢被人瞧。He hates being made a fool of. 他讨厌被别人愚弄。This question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没解决。6. 动名词完成式的被动语态。由“having been+过去分词”构成。如：Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始信心十足了。注：过去分词没有被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动意义。如：The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。四、注意“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态英语被动语态通常由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，有时也可用“get+过去分词”过去分词构成。如：James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。How did that window get opened? 那个窗户是如何打开的？但总的说来，用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见，尤其是在含有施动者的by短语时，用get构成被动语态更是少见。不过有时用be+过去分词构成被动语态构成误解时，

一般将来时被动语态教案

一般将来时的被动语态教案一、教学目标知识目标：让学生在初中被动语态学习的基础上认识学习一般将来时被动语态的结构和用法。能力目标：通过演绎归纳法让学生能够结合真实语境正确应用一般将来时被动语态。情感目标: 在学习过程中，让学生学会探究合作，小组讨论等，以培养学生的集体合作精神；并且能够产生对于英语语法的兴趣。二、重点难点如何让学生更好的掌握一般将来时被动语态的结构和用法以及如何培养学生自主学习和提高学生对于语法学习的兴趣。三、学情分析学生在初中阶段已经学习了被动语态，但是并没有将将来时被动语态单独提出来讲解，所以可能会有所混淆。更有甚者，可能有些学生将被动和主动都没有分清楚。四、教学方法演绎归纳教学和任务型教学五、教学过程 Step1 Grammar revision Ask students what the form of the passive voice is and show them on the blackboard. 基本结构：be + p.p. 一般现在时被动语态：am/is /are + p.p. 现在进行时被动语态：am/is/are + being + p.p. Then ask students to fill in the following blank with correct passive voice. 1.Their house _________(paint) and they have to live in their parents home. 2.Visitors _________ (request) not to take photos here. 3.In some parts of the world, tea _______(serve) with milk and sugar. 4. A new railway ________(build) at present. Step2 Grammar learning 1.Show some sentences which use the future passive voice and ask students to observe the underlined parts. 1)The 31th Olympic Games will be held in Rio de Janeiro in 2016. 2)Many athletes are going to be sent to there to compete for medals. 3)These desks and chairs are to be repaired tomorrow. 2.Ask the students what tense is used in these sentences. And then tell them they use the future passive voice. Show the form of the future passive voice on the blackboard. 将来时被动语态：shall/will + be + p.p.或者am/is/are + be to + p.p. 或者am/is/are + going to be + p.p. 3.Ask students to turn back to page9-10, and try to find the sentences which use the future passive voice from pre-reading and reading. If necessary, they can translate the sentences into Chinese. 4.Finish Exercise2 on page 13 and learn about the rule for the Olympic Games. Step3 Practice 1. I promise that this matter _____ next week. A. will be taken care B. will take care of

被动语态公开课-(经典之作)

讲义编号掌握八种基本时态的被动语态的构成及其基本用法。教学目标掌握带有情态动词的句子的被动语态。 1、英语中各种时态的被动语态形式重点、难点 2、主动形式表示被动意义的用法考点及考试要求主动形式表示被动意义的用法教学内容一、导入被动语态 (Passive Voice)与英语中的动词的时(Tense）、体 (Aspect）、态 (Voice)、式 ( Mood). 1、被动语态的概念及用法（1）概念：语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的承受者（受动者）或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的。例如： They plant flowers in the garden. （主动语态）主语谓语宾语状语 Flowers are planted by them in the garden. (被动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语状语（ 2）用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者( 即不知道谁做 ) 时用被动语态, 省略 by 短语。 ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时, 用被动语态 , 省略 by 短语。 ③强调动作的承受者, 句尾加 by 短语。（口诀：谁做动作不知道，说出谁做没必要，动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。） 2、被动语态的构成：“助动词 be+动词的过去分词”。助动词 be 随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式如下：主动被动一般过去时一般现在时一般将来时一般过去将来

现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时（口诀：被动语态 be 字变，过去分词跟后面。） 3. 主动语态和被动语态的转换：（ 1）主动语态变被动语态（一般情况）：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾格变成主格。谓语动词变为被动结构（ be+过去分词）。主动语态中的主语放在介词 b y 后做宾语，主格变为宾格。（口诀 : 宾变主，主变宾， by 短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动， be 后“过分”来使用）。例如： He mended the bike yesterday. （主动语态）主语谓语宾语 The bike was mended by him yesterday. （被动语态）主语谓语宾语（ 2）情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句，由“情态动词 +be+过去分词”构成。（注意：原来带 to 的情态动词变被动语态后，仍然保留。）例如： We have to look after the dog . (主动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语 The dog has to be looked after by us. (被动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语 (3) 含有宾语补足语的被动语态：含有宾语补足语的句子，宾语变成主语后，宾语补足语改为主语补足语。例如： We keep food cold in the fridge. 主语谓语宾语宾补 The food is kept cold in the fridge by us. 主语谓语主补宾语（注意：有些动词或动词词组在主动语态中用不带 to 的不定式作补足语，但在被动语态中要加上 , 这些动词 to 是“ 5 看 3 使 2 听 1 感觉”：） look at, see, watch, notice, observe; make, let, have; listen to, hear; feel 例如： .( 主动 ) I heard someone come up the stairs . （被动） Someone was heard to come up the stairs （ 4）带双宾语的动词，如 give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, sell, buy, ask, pay, borrow, lend, hand, offer, provide, past, get, promise 等，变成被动语态时有两种方法：例如： I have given him the book.

【英语】被动语态详解+例句(1)

【英语】被动语态详解+例句(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________. A．to be visited B．being visited C．visiting D．to visit 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C项。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。答案：A 3．—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. — Oh，my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A．was expected B．will expect C．expected D．will be expected 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：——经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。——哦，天哪，我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境，是过去预料他明天会回来，而且经理是被预计，故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意，这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间，要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。考点：考查时态和语态 4．Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present. A．were exhibited B．were being exhibited C．are being exhibited D．are exhibited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根

强烈推荐,有经典例句的被动语态的用法

一、被动语态的用法： 1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。 2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。 The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。 The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。 3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如： The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。 The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。 It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。 It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有 It is reported that…据报道 It is said that…据说 It is believed that…大家相信 It is suggested that…有人建议二、主动语态变为被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. → A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：

九年级英语上被动语态复习附答案

九年级英语上被动语态复习一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如： He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：

2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时） Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）三、被动语态的用法： 1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。 2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词

被动语态的用法与注意事项

被动语态的用法与注意事项一.何时使用被动语态英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:。 1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者时使用被动语态例句 How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音? Scientists say that work is done whenever a force moves. 科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。 After war,everything had been destroyed. 战争结束后，一切都被毁坏了。 A greater number of magic English books will be published next year. 明年将有更多的魔法英语书出版。 2.强调动作的承受者时使用被动语态例句 If you break the school rules，you will be punished. 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。 A new Hope School will be opened in our village. 我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。 She is liked by everybody. 大家都喜欢她。 Xiao Li was elected monitor of the class. 小李被选为班长。 3.当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时使用被动语态

The bridge was washed away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走了。 We were shocked by the news of his death. 我们听到他的死讯极为震惊。 Many accidents were caused by careless driving. 许多事故都是开车不小心造成的。 4.修辞的需要，使用被动语态可以使句子更加简练、匀称例句 He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 他出现在舞台上，受到了观众的热烈鼓掌。 The old professor gave a lecture on American history and was well received. 这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。 I was shown round the school campus by Sean，who had entered the school just a year before. 肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。 5.为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己时使用被动语态例句 You’ve been told many times not to make the same mistake.你已被多次告知不要犯同样的错误。 Everybody is expected to obey the following rules. 希望大家遵守以下规定。 The control room may not be entered without permission. 非经许可，勿人控制室。 6.科技文献中为了客观地描述事情及其过程时应使用被动语态例句 The film is coated with light-sensitive chemicals, which are changed by the different shades and colours of light. 胶卷上涂了一层感光的化学物质，这些物质因光的不同色度与颜色而改变。 7.在新闻报道中使用被动语态可以体现新闻的客观性

被动语态Passivevoice讲解

被动语态（Passive voice）讲解 By Rebecca 一、被动语态的基本时态变化 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here． 4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 二、被动语态的特殊结构形式---主动表被动 1. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例Your reason sounds reasonable. 2. 在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. 3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。) 试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。) 4．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）5．在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。 6.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病） The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因三、语态转换时所注意的问题 1.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 注意：①一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 The book was showed to the class. ②一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 A new skirt was made for me. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about. 及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。