建筑工程英语英汉对照工程词汇

英汉对照

工程常用词汇

AN USUAL ENGLISH-CHINESE VOCABULLARY IN ENGINEERING DESIGN

（全册）

目录

1.图面常用词汇 3

2.土建部份21

3.给排水部份61

4.气动部份86

5.电气部份96

6.暖通部份126

1. 工程设计图面常用词汇

CONCLISE ENGLISH OF DRAWING PACKAGE

总论GENERAL

图纸目录Drawing list

标准图目录Standard drawing list

典型图目录Typical drawing list

标准、规范目录Standard and regulation list

统一详图目录Uniform detail list

标准图集Standard drawing collection

设备清单Equipment list

材料表Material list

建筑物、构筑物一览表List of buildings and structures 施工进度表Schedule of construction

建筑构件表List of architectural members

管道及管件汇总表Summary of pipes and pipe

fittings

楼面、屋面构造表Construction chart of floor and

roof

各种管道数量表Bill of piping quantity

预埋件明细表Schedule of embedded elements

比例Scale

无比例、不按比例Not to scale

项目名称Project, item

标题栏Caption of drawing, drawing

heading

图号Drawing no.(DWG NO.)

张号Page

序号No.

编号Code

型号Type

规格Specification

单位Unit

图例Legend

说明Notes

备注Remarks

由…设计Designed by…

由…校对Checked by…

由…审核Approved by…

由…发行Issued by…

专业Specialty

总图Site plan

土建Civil

建筑Architecture

结构Structure

机械Mechanical

给水排水Water supply and drainage

暖通Heating, ventilation and air

conditioning (HV AC)

电气Electrical

供电Power supply

电照Lighting

自控Automatic control

通信Communication

物理概念Physical concept

长度Length

宽度Width

高度Height

净高Clear height

深度Depth

面积Area

体积V olume

时间Time

速度Speed, velocity

温度Temperature

湿度Humidity

功率Power

压力Pressure

力Force

公斤Kilogram( Kg)

克Gram (g)

吨Ton (t)

米Meter (m)

厘米Centimeter (cm)

毫米Millimeter (mm)

平方米Square meter (㎡)

立方米Cubic meter (m3)

秒Second (s)

分Minute (m)

时Hour (h)

厚度Thickness

直径Diameter

半径Radius

弯曲半径Curve radius

内径Inside diameter

外径Outside diameter

圆形Circle, round

方形Square

矩形Rectangle

矩形的Rectangular

立方体Cube

椭圆Ellipse

重量Weight

毛重Gross weight

净重Net weight

质量Quality

数量Quantity

自然条件Natural conditions

气象Meteorology

气象资料Meteorological data

日照Sun shine

年平均日照时数Yearly mean sun shine hours

风级Wind class

风向Wind direction

风力Wind force

风向标Weather cock

逐月风向频率Monthly wind direction and

frequency

最大（平均）风速Maximum (mean) wind velocity 主导风向Prevailing wind direction

最大风速Maximum wind velocity

台风Typhoon

季节风Monsoon

降雨资料Rainfall data

降雨频率Rainfall frequency

降雨强度Rainfall intensity

降雨日数Number of rainy days

最大（平均）降雨量Maximum (mean) rainfall

年降雨量Annual rainfall

极限降水量Maximum possible precipitation

雨量Rain precipitation

降雨面积Rain precipitation

暴雨Rain area

持续时间Rain storm

降雨历时Duration

暴雨历时Duration of rainfall

年平均雷暴时数Duration of rain storm

溢流周期Yearly mean lightning and

thunder days

年平均气温Overflow period

年绝对最低气温Yearly absolute temperature, l

owest

年绝对最高气温Yearly absolute temperature,

highest

最冷月或最热月平均温度Mean temperature, coldest month or hottest month

年、月、平均温度，最高、最低Temperature, yearly, monthly, mean, highest, lowest

最高或最低绝对温度Absolute temperature, highest or

lowest

湿球温度Wet bulb thermometer

湿球温度计Wet bulb thermometer

干球温度Dry bulb temperature

干球温度计Dry bulb thermometer

干湿温差Psychometric chart

冰冻期Frost period

冰冻深度Frost penetration

最大积雪深度Maximum snow penetration

采暖地区Region with heating provision

不采暖地区Region without heating

provision

采暖室外计算温度Calculating outdoor temperature

for heating

通风（冬季）室外计算温度Calculating outdoor temperature for ventilation (winter)

绝对大气压Absolute atmospheric pressure 蒸发量Vaporization volume

相对湿度Relative humidity

建筑材料Building material

水泥Cement

水泥标号Cement grade

硅酸盐水泥Portland cement

矿渣硅酸盐水泥Portland slag cement

灌浆水泥Grout cement

快凝水泥Rapid setting cement

防潮水泥Waterproof cement

高强度水泥High-strength cement

高标号水泥High-strength cement

水泥沙浆强度Cement mortar strength

水泥沙浆需水量Water demand of cement mortar

砖Brick

普通粘土砖Common clay brick

实心砖Solid brick

异形砖Special brick

角砖Angle brick

拱顶砖Key brick

面砖Face brick

勒脚砖Springer

带槽砖Brick with groove

空心砖Hollow brick

承重空心砖Load-bearing hollow brick

通风空心砖Ventilating brick

耐火砖Fire brick

高耐火砖High duty fire clay brick

特级粘土耐火粘土砖Super-duty fire clay brick

轻质耐火粘土砖Light weight fire clay brick

工字钢底砖Clip tile (brick)

矿渣砖Slag brick

多孔砖Porous brick

瓦Tile

屋面瓦Roof tile

石板瓦Slate

陶土瓦Vitrified tile

粘土瓦Clay shingle

脊瓦Ridge tile

斜沟瓦Vallay tile

槽形瓦Grooved tile

石棉瓦Asbestos tile

方块毛石Square rubble

条石、块石Block stone

花岗石Granite

花岗石饰面板Granite finishing plank

大理石Marble

大理石板Marble slab

人造大理石Artificial marble

预制水磨石Precast terrazzo

砌块Block

混凝土砌块Concrete block

加气混凝土砌块Aerated concrete block

实心砌块Solid block

空心砌块Hollow block

耐火砌块Refractory block

衬里砌块Bushing block

玻璃Glass

光学玻璃Optical glass

防眩光玻璃Anti-dazzle glass

耐热玻璃Heat resisting glass

隔声玻璃Sound proof glass

平板玻璃Plate glass

标准玻璃Standard glass

抛光平板玻璃Polished plate glass

中空玻璃Double glazing glass

双层中空玻璃Glazing glass, insulating glass 浮法玻璃Float glass

新釉面玻璃Neo-ceramic glass

有机玻璃Organic glass

钢化玻璃Armourplate glass

强化玻璃Strengthened glass

磨光玻璃Abrades glass, polished glass 毛玻璃Obscured glass, frosted glass 夹丝安全玻璃Wired glass

无色玻璃White glass

不透明玻璃Opaque glass

漫射玻璃Diffusing glass

波形玻璃Corrugated glass

槽形玻璃Channel glass

淬火玻璃Heat treated glass

薄膜玻璃Film glass

兰色玻璃Blue glass

琥珀色玻璃Amber glass

中性灰色滤光玻璃Neutral-tinted glass

乳色玻璃Opalescent glass

乳白玻璃Opal glass

压花玻璃Patterned glass

酸蚀刻玻璃Acid-etched glass

大理石玻璃Marbled glass

磨沙玻璃Ground glass

雪花玻璃Alabaster glass

玻璃纤维板Glass fiber board

钢Steel

碳素钢Carbon steel

低（中、高）碳钢Low (medium, high) carbon steel 结构钢Structural steel

高强度结构钢High-strength structural steel

普通碳素结构钢Ordinary carbon structural steel 铸钢Cast steel

耐酸钢Acid-resisting steel

型钢Shaped steel

圆钢Round steel bar

热轧圆钢Hot rolled round steel

扁钢Flat steel bar

角钢Angle steel

方钢Square steel

槽钢Channel steel

冷轧碳素钢板Cold rolled carbon steel plate

波纹钢板Corrugated steel

花纹钢板Reliefed steel plate

不锈钢管Stainless steel pipe

焊接钢管Welded steel pipe

无缝钢管Seamless steel pipe

镀锌钢管Galvanized steel pipe

高强度钢丝High strength steel wire

绑扎用钢丝Binding wire

冷拨低碳钢丝Cold drawn mild steel wire

钢筋Steel bar, steel reinforcement

铸件管Cast iron pipe

铸铁给水管Cast iron water pipe

铸铁污水管Cast iron soil pipe

铜Copper

黄铜Brass

铝Aluminum

铅Lead

锡Bin

镍Nickel

锌Zinc

螺栓Bolt

螺孔直径Diameter of bolt hole

垫板Packing

垫片Spacer

锚固螺栓Anchor bolt

现场安装螺栓Field bolt safety nut

安全螺帽Safety nut

地脚螺栓Holding-down bolt, ground bolt 调整螺栓Adjusting nut

平头螺栓Cheese head bolt

源头螺栓Botton head bolt

夹紧螺栓Clinch bolt

埋头螺栓Countersunk bolt

防松螺帽Self-locking nut

带销螺栓头Bolt head with feather

柳钉Rivet

螺丝Screw

垫圈Washer

平垫圈Flat washer

弹簧垫圈Spring washer

防松垫圈Lock washer

胶合板Plywood

纤维板Fiber board

聚合物Polymer

高分子化合物High-molecular compound

树脂Resin

环氧树脂Epoxy resin

聚乙烯Polyethylene (PE)

聚录乙烯Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

聚苯乙烯Polystyrene

聚脂树脂Polyester resin

聚丙烯Polyropylene

发泡聚案脂Foamed polyurethane

建筑及结构设计规范Code for architectural and

structural design

施工及验收规范Code for construction and

acceptance

建筑抗震设计规范Building seismic design code

建筑材料标准Standard for building materials 地基及基础规范Code for soil and foundation

防火规范Fire-protection code

卫生标准Sanitary standard

电气设计及装置规范Code for electrical design and

installation

给排水规范Code for water supply and

drainage

供暖及通风设计及装置Code for heating and ventilating

规范design and installation

工艺Technology

工艺流程图Process flow chart

运输流程图Transport flow chart

加工图Process technology drawing

工艺设备平面布置图Process equipment layout

装配图Assembly drawing

人流Person flow

物流Goods flow

产品大纲Product program

生产线Production line

生产能力Production capacity

年生产量Annual yield, annual output

工作制度Work system

组织机构表Organization chart

工艺对建筑的要求Process requirements on

buildings

设计Design

设计单位Designer

用户Client

大学University

工厂Factory

公司Company

有限公司Company limited (Ltd)

集团公司、总公司Corporation

研究所Research institute

设计文件Design document

设计资料Design data

设计任务书Design prospectus

设计说明书Design instruction

设计范围Design scope

设计周期Design period

设计程序Design procedure

方案投标Scheme tender

方案比较Scheme comparison

审批Approval

设计阶段Design stage

可行性研究（报告）Feasibility study

方案设计Initial design

初步设计Preliminary design

施工图设计Final design

设计修改Design modification

设计联络Design liaison

合同Contract

签定合同Sign contract

协议、协定Agreement

会议纪要Minutes of meeting

施工单位Constructor

承包单位Contractor

供货单位Supplier

施工监理Construction supervisor

工地经理Site manager

职务名称Title

董事长﹑院长President

总经理General manager

总工程师General engineer

主任、处长Department manager

总设计师Chief designer

项目经理Project manager

主任工程师Chief engineer

工程师Engineer

图纸Drawing

总平面图General plan

布置图Layout

工艺专业有关词汇Words concerning technology

工艺Technology

工艺过程Process

工艺过程设计Process design

设备平面布置Plant design

工艺要求Technological level

电子产品Electronic product

半导体Semiconductor

电子管Electron tube

二级管Diode

三级管Triode

晶体管Transistor

集成电路Integrated circuit (IC)

大规模集成电路Large scale integration (of

circuits) (LSI)

超大规模集成电路Very large scale integration (of

circuits) (VLSI)

计算机Computer

微型计算机Microcomputer

微处理机Microprocessor

个人计算机Personal computer

计算机终端Terminal

电子打字机Electronic type writer

计算机打印机Computer printer

机器人Robot

电子游戏机Electronic gamer

电视机Television

彩色电视机Color TV

黑白电视机Black and white TV

显象管Kinescope

彩色显象管Color kinescope; chromoscope 黑白显象管Monochrome picture tuve

录机Radio cassette

电子琴Electronic piano

微波炉Microwave oven

录象机Video recorder

电传机Teleprinter

传真机Facsimile printer

电话单机Telephone

电话交换机Telephone exchange

光导纤维Optical fiber

雷达Radar

激光（器）Laser

发射机Transmitter

天线Antenna

声纳（定位器）Sound radar

剖面图放大图Section

大样图、详图Enlarged detail

安装图Installation drawing

标准图（定型）Standard drawing

示意图Schematic diagram

流程图Flow diagram

系统图System diagram

原理图Principle diagram

综合管道平面图General layout of piping system 屋面平面图Roof plan

立面图、正视图Elevation

侧、横、背、正面图Side, back, front elevation

横、纵、局部剖面图Cross, longitudinal, part section 装配图Assembly drawing

鸟澉图Bird’s eye view

底图Transparent drawing

草图Sketch

表格和说明Table and instruction

图纸目录List of drawings

材料表List of material

重复使用图纸目录List of repeat drawing

说明Instruction

建筑物构筑物明细表List of buildings and structures 建筑一览表Schedule of buildings

建设单位Client

子项工程名称Sub-project

日期Date

处室Department

专业Specialty

比例Scale

图纸名称Name of drawing

图号Drawing No.

张数Page quantity

张号Page No.

编号Code

序号Serial No.

代号Mark

名称Name

型号规格Type and specification

数量Quantity

单位Unit

备注Remark

设计阶段Stage (of design)

物理概念Physical concept

长度Length

宽度Width

高度Height; altitude

深度Depth

面积Area

时间Time

速度Speed

温度Temperature

湿度Humidity

功率Power

压力Pressure

力Force

公斤Kilogram (Kg)

克Gram (g)

吨Ton (t)

米Meter (m)

厘米Centimeter (cm)

毫米Millimeter (mm)

平方米Square meter

立方米Cubic meter

秒Second

分Minute

时Hour

厚度Thickness

直径Diameter

半径Radius

外径Outside diameter

内径Inside diameter

圆形Circle

方形Square

立方体Cube

椭圆Ellipse

重量Weight

毛重Gross weight

净重Net weight

质量Quality

规范Regulation; handbook

手册handbook

设计规范，手册Regulation, handbook for design 施工安装规范，手册Regulation, handbook for

construction and installation

验收规范Regulation for acceptance

消防规范Regulation for fire fighting

环境保护Environment protection

设备手册Handbook of equipment

材料手册Handbook of material

设计基础资料Basic data of design

自然条件Natural condition

气象Meteorology

气候Climate

风向Wind direction

主导风Prevailing wind

水位Water level

地下水位Underground water level

最大风速Maximum wind speed

最高水位Highest water level

最低水位Lowest water level

冰冻日数Frost duration

冰冻深度Frost penetration

海拔Above sea level

海拔高度Altitude

标高Elevation level

原地面标高Natural ground elevation

设计地面标高Designed ground elevation

地坪Ground level

室外地坪标高Outdoor ground elevation

室内地坪标高Indoor ground elevation

室内外高差Difference of elevation between

indoor and outdoor

中心标高Center elevation

雷暴日数Number of lightening days

地形Topography

经度Longitude

纬度Latitude

土壤Soil

回填土Back filled earth

相对湿度Relative humidity

选厂基础资料Basic data for site selection

选厂报告Report of site selection

厂址调查Site investigation

生产条件Condition of production

生产流程Production process

生产能力Production capacity

班制Shift per day

日班Day shift

夜班Nightshift

工作日Working day

假日Vacation

我院专业设置Specialist set up in EDRI

工艺Technology

无线电技术Radio technique

机械Mechanical

电化学Electro-chemistry

元器件Electronic component

电真空器件Electric vacuum component

总图General plan

土建Civil

建筑Architecture

结构Structure

机械Mechanical

暖通Heating, ventilation and

air-conditioning (HV AC)

给排水Water supply and drain

气体动力Gas utility

环境保护Environment protection

非标准设计Design of non-standard product 电气Electrical

供电Power supply

电照Power distribution and lighting 自动控制Automatic control

通信Communication

一层First floor

二层Second floor

三层Third floor

夹层Mezzanine

技术夹层Technical floor

走廊Corridor

外廊Open corridor

门廊Porch

门厅Entrance hall

前厅Lobby

出口Exit

入口Entrance

楼梯间Staircase

竖井Shaft

电梯间Lift shaft

电梯Lift; elevator

自动扶梯Escalator

办公室Office

会议室Meeting room

会客室，接待室Reception room

展览室Display room

休息室Lobby

阅览室Reading room

资料室Reference room

实验室Laboratory

医务室Clinic

衣帽间Cloak room

更衣室Locker room

厂长室Director’s room

经理室Manager’s room

秘书室Secretary’s room

会计室Counter’s room

值班室Duty room

助理室Assistant’s room

总务室General affairs office

小食堂Lunch room

食堂Canteen

厨房Kitchen

餐厅Dining hall

备餐间Food preparation room

茶室Tea room

咖啡室Coffee room

酒吧Bar

卧室Bed room

起居室Living room

客厅Parlor

书房Study

浴室Bathroom

厕所Toilet

男厕Men’s

女厕Women’s

工艺设备Production equipment

车床Lathe

磨床Grinder

转床Driller

冲床Puncher

电锯Electric saw

电梯Elevator

电炉Electric furnace

电弧炉Arc furnace

电阻炉Electronic furnace of resistance

type

烘箱，干燥机Drier

起重机Crab

吊车Crane

电焊机Shot welder

送风机Air-supply fan

鼓风机Blast fan

排风机Exhaust fan

泵Pump

扩散泵Diffusion pump

装配线Assembly line

生产线Production line

生产车间Workshops

车间Workshop

辅助车间Auxiliary shop

机械加工车间Machine shop

锻工车间Blacksmith shop

冲压车间Press shop

焊接车间Welding shop

电镀车间Electroplating shop

钳工车间Fitter shop

机修车间Machine repairing shop

金工车间Smith shop

装配车间Assembly shop;

包装车间Packing shop

工具间Packing shop

维修间Tool room

洁净室Maintenance room

净化厂房Purification factory

微波暗室Anechoic chamber

磁屏暗室Magnetic shielding chamber 设计室Design room

房间名称Room names

底层Ground floor

一层First floor

公用建筑Public buildings

俱乐部Club

电影院Cinema

礼堂Assembly hall

火车站Railway station

飞机场Airport

汽车站Bus station

游泳池Swimming pool

运动场Sports ground

体育馆Stadium

图书馆Library

招待所Hostel

医院Hospital

公寓Apartment

宿舍Dormitory

宿舍区Living quarters

平房Single-story building

公用设施Public utilities facilities

电话站Exchange station

计算机房Computer room

空调机房Air conditioning room

新风机室Fresh air room

水泵房Water pump house

压缩机房Compressor room

控制室Control room

工作平台Working platform

空压站Air compressor station

变电站Transformer station

冷却塔Cooling tower

洗涤塔Scrubber

热交换站Heat exchanger station

污水处理站Sewage treatment station

氢氧（发生）站Hydrogen and oxygen

(generation) station

油库Fuel storage

微波站Microwave station

锅炉房Boiler house

冷冻站Chiller station

2. 土建部分