高中英语选修8unit5 vocabulary and expressions 学案导学.doc
选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
（原创）山东宁阳二中张清勇
Period I vocabulary and expressions学案导学
Learning aims:1. Master the new words and expressions.
2. Understand and use important language points freely
Learning important and difficult points:
alternative accuracy interrupt assume regardless sharpen ample primitive
preserve
botanical analysis specific specifically category significance somehow
systematic
yogurtradioactive radioactivity applaud accelerate arrest relief division
patient skilful
punctuation regardless of cut up look ahead
Learning methods: 1.Teacher acts as a director,while students are the master of class.
2.Students work alone,together to make a thorough enquiry with
oneself,each other and teacher.(三探一练-四步教学法)
Learning procedure:
STEP I. Preparing for the lesson before class by oneself.
1.可能的选择______
2.试探性的，不确定的_________
3.精确;准确_______
4.打断；打岔_________
5.假定;设想_______
6.不管；不顾_________
7.厘米_______ 8.锋利；尖锐_________
9.充足的______ 10.原始的_________
11.保存________ 12.植物学_________
13.分析_______ 14.确切的；特定的_________
15.种类；类别______ 16.意义；重要性_________
17.有系统的_______ 18.鼓掌欢迎_________
19.加速;促进_______ 20.逮捕；拘留_________
21.晕眩的______ 22.减轻；解除_________
23.分配;划分_______ 24.喜爱_________
25.耐心的,忍耐的_______ 26.有技巧的_________
27.标点符号_______
STEP 2. Pronunciation correcting
Read after the teacher or the tape twice. Then the teacher asks the students to read
words by themselves.
STEP3. Skills in memorizing the new words and make a thorough enquiry (students work
together.)
(1).Listening to the teacher analyses the structure and usage of the new words
briefly.(Students and teacher work together to make a thorough enquiry.)
(2).Make a thorough enquiry to important and difficult points with the teacher.
1. Can you think of alternatives we would use today?
你能想出我们今天会用到哪一种吗？
【例证分析】
alternative n.选择对象
have no alternative but to do sth.:只能做某事
We have no alternative but to go on.
除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。
There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.
除了战斗直到胜利,别无选择。
【合作探究】
我没有钱，所以，我没有选择，只好呆在家里。
I had no money, so I ___________________________.
这条路被堵塞了，我们不得不走另一条路。
The way was blocked, so we had to go by ____________________.
【思维拓展】
alternative n.[C]可能的选择，可能性之一。近义词，choice。
adj. 选择性的, 二中择一的
另一种方式：alternative means; 另择群体:the alternative society
这条路被堵塞了，我们不得不走另一条路。
The way was blocked, so we had to go by ____________________.
alternative v.交替；轮流alternatively adv.交替地，作为另一种选择的
【实战演练】
In this school, the students have three______courses,and seven______ courses.
A. required; alternative
B. Requiring; alternative
C. required; alternate
D. Requiring; alternate
2. Try a tentative guess about what Peking Man might have done and used thousands of years ago.暂且猜猜几千年前“北京人”可能做的事情和用的东西。
【例证分析】
tentative adj. 试验性的, 试探的, 尝试的, 暂定的，在句中作前置定语和表语。
a tentative schedule. 是个试验性的计划
【合作探究】
We have ___________________________to meet next month. 我们暂约定下月见。
我只能给出一个不确切的意见。
_______________________________________________
我的看法仅作尝试。
________________________________________________
[思维拓展]
作尝试性的出价、建议：make a tentative offer ;
获得暂时的结论：come to a tentative conclusion
3. I am sorry to interrupt you but how could he live here?
对不起，打断一下，但是，他们是如何生活在一起的呢？
【例证分析】interrupt v中断，打扰，打断，插嘴
Rain interrupted our baseball game.下雨中断了我们的捧球比赛。
The baby interrupted me while I was on the phone.
我在打电话时，婴儿干扰了我。
Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
It is rude to interrupt.打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。
“Don't interrupt,”he said.他说：“别插嘴”。
【合作探究】
他中断大学学业到军队去服役。
__________________________________________________
我忙的时候，请不要来打扰我。
__________________________________________________
在别人讲话的时候插嘴是不礼貌的。
______________________________________________________
你继续讲下去，我不想打断你说话。
_______________________________________________________
【思维拓展】
interrupt sb/sth with sth. 用…打扰/打断
interrupter n.造成中断或中止的人或事物
interruption n.[U]中断、中止[C]阻碍物，障碍物
4. So it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
因此，我们假想他们不顾寒冷而住在这些山洞里是合情合理的。
【例证分析】
assume v.假定，以为；装作，担任，承担。后多跟宾语；宾语+to be +n./adj或that 从句。
I assume you always get up at the same time.
我想你总是在同一个时间起床。
【合作探究】
我假定那是错误的。
_________________________________________
我来承担责任。
_________________________________________
他装出国外腔调，但我们仍听出来了。
_________________________________________
我想是这样的。
__________________________________________
【思维拓展】
suppose 近似于think,但含有不确切之意，比think 缺少根据
guess 凭想象加以猜测
imagine 想象
fancy 凭空想象
【例证分析】regardless adj.（与of连用）不管…的；不顾…的
He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。
regardless of 不注意、不顾、不管
【合作探究】
他不注意自己的外表。
_______________________________________
他不顾危险地去了。
_______________________________________
【思维拓展】
近义词/短语：disregarding /in spite of 三者意义和用法相同，区别不大。
regardless adv.无论如何；不管；不顾
I must make the decision regardless.不管怎样我得做决定。
regardlessness n. 不注意。
【实战演练】
I assumed him to be able to read. Which of the following words can replace the word “assume”?
A. considered
B. found
C. proved
D. promised
5. It seems that they might have used sharpened stone tools to cut up the animals and remove their skin. 看起来他们可能是用尖锐的石器切开动物，把他们的皮剥下来。
【例证分析】
sharpen v.使变得锋利；变得清晰;变得尖锐，变得刺耳。
【合作探究】
他正在削铅笔。________________________________
随着天色转亮，树的轮廓也变得清晰了。
______________________________________________
他在变得不耐烦时，说话的声音也变尖了。
_______________________________________________
[思维拓展]sharp adj.1)锐利的，锋利的，尖的
a sharp knife锋利的小刀
a needle with a sharp point针头尖利的针
2)思维敏捷的；目光敏锐的；听觉灵敏的
sharp eyes灵敏的眼睛
The famous writer is still sharp in thought though he has attained the age of ninety-two.
这位著名作家虽已九十二岁高龄,但仍然思维敏捷。
sharp adv.1)准时地；整
at seven o'clock sharp七点整
2)突然地，急剧地
turn sharp to the left猛然向左转
【合作探究】
cut up 切碎；使伤心，严厉批评
彼得，为何不把蔬菜切碎呢？
_________________________________________-
爱丽丝丢了钱，她伤心极了。
__________________________________________
红军很快摧毁了敌军。
【思维拓展】
由cut 组成的常用词组：
cut off 切断；剪掉
cut down vt.砍伐;削减
cut in 打断Don't cut in while I'm talking. 我说话时别插嘴。
6.-Did early people really care about their appearance like we do?
-Yes and so well preserved.
早期人类也象我们一样讲究外表吗？
是的，还保存得很好呢。
【例证分析】
preserve v.保护、维持、保存
You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。
It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.
警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。
【合作探究】
警察维持着街道的秩序。
________________________________________
盐腌制着食物以免变质。
_________________________________________
这个花瓶保存得完好无损。
__________________________________________
[思维拓展]
preservable adj.可保存的preservation n.保存preserver n.保护者，保存者
辨析：
preserve v.保护、维持、保存
conserve v.保存、保护（强调珍惜）
reserve v.指意见、看法的保留；或座位的预定
【实战演练】
In spite of failing to save every endangered species, we may preserve the majority_____ extinction.
A. against
B. with
C. beyond
D. from
7. As his university was aware of the significance of his work…
他在大学时代就意识到工作的重要性。
【合作探究】
significance n.意义，重要性。
无关紧要的事情_______________________
重大的演讲__________________________-
含义深刻的一瞥______________________
这是具有重要意义的一件事情。
________________________________________________
【思维拓展】
significant adj.有特殊意义的，重大的
a significant speech 意味深长的讲话
significantly adv.有意义地，重要地
辨析：importance ,consequence and significance
importance: 一般用语，着重指本身具有重大价值、意义、影响等。例如：news of great importance
consequence 侧重指具有或可能有重要或深远的后果。例如：You must be ready to take the consequence.你必须准备自食其果。
significance 指马上显示其特殊重要意义。例如：an event of significance 重要新闻
an abstract idea 抽象概念
8. Somehow, he cycled thirty miles…他设法骑车30英里。。。
【合作探究】
somehow adv. 以某种方式，以某种方法；莫明其妙地；不知怎么地
他不知道怎么竟迷了路。
____________________________________
不知怎么地，我不喜欢这种方式。
______________________________________
我们必须设法在10点以前赶到哪里。
______________________________________
【习惯用语】somehow or other 不知是什么原因，由于某种原因，以某种方式
Somewhat adv.有几分，略，稍
I was somewhat surprised. 我有点惊讶。
9. She had felt so proud as the group shouted loudly to applaud his choice.
当部落成员为他的选择大声喝彩时，他感到很自豪。
【合作探究】
applaud v.&n. 拍手喝彩，称赞，赞同
演出结束时，大家都热烈地鼓掌。
______________________________________
我赞成你的决定。
______________________________________-
我们称赞他的勇敢。
_______________________________________
【思维拓展】
applaud sb/sth.为某人/某事鼓掌
applaud one’s decision 赞成决定
applause n.鼓掌欢迎，热情称赞
【同义辨析】applaud和cheer
共有的中心意思是“以听得见的方式，尤指以鼓掌来表示赞许或鼓励”：
We applauded at the end of the concert.
我们在音乐会结束时喝彩。
The fans cheered when the home team scored;
球迷当主队得分时欢呼。
10. Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild animals lying in wait for her.
拉拉加快了去往山洞的步伐，担心会有野兽躺在路边等着她。
【合作探究】
accelerate v.加速，促进
加速________________
他决定增加广告的数量。
___________________________________________
这是一种用以加大火势的物质。
____________________________________________
11. She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。
【合作探究】
destination n.目的地
到达目的地
________________________
东京是我们最终的目的地。
____________________________________________
我们花了一整天，才到达目的地。
____________________________________________
arrest v. 吸引注意力，阻止，妨碍
The criminal was arrested yesterday. 罪犯昨天被捕了。
止血_________________
惹人注目________________
警察逮捕了小偷。
_____________________________________________
花的艳丽色彩引起了苏珊的主意。
______________________________________________
【实战演练】
The agent was_____for carrying a false passport.
A. arrested
B. accused
C. charged
D. suspected
12. Lala smiled with relief.
拉拉轻松地笑了。
【合作探究】
relief n.减轻，解除
I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.
听说我已经通过了考试，感到轻松多了。
这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。
______________________________________________
我最庆幸的是没有迟到。
______________________________________________
见到你在这儿，也就放心了。
_________________________________________________
【思维拓展】
bring /seek/find/give/feel relief 带来/寻求/得到/予以/感到解脱
relief road 备用车道
relief map 地形图
relieve v. relieve one’s feelings 发泄感情
【实战演练】
Hearing the news that her son was found, she breathed a sigh of_____.
A. excitement
B. joy
C. relief
D. belief
STEP 4. Consolidation of the words and expressions to do the synchronous exercises. STEP 5. Homework
1. Learn all the words and expressions by heart.
2. Preview the text and finish discovering useful words and expressions.
参考答案;
1. had no alternative but to stay at home
alternative road A
2. made a tentative arrangement
I can only give a tentative opinion。
My opinion is only tentative.
3. He interrupted college to serve in the army.
Don’t interrupt me when I am busy.
It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.
Go on, I don’t want to interrupt.
4. I assume it to be wrong.
I assumed the responsibility.
She assumed a foreign accent, but I still recognized her.
I assume that it is so.
He is regardless of his appearance.
He went regardless of the risk. A
5. She is sharpening a pencil.
The outline of the trees sharpened as it grew lighter.
His voice sharpened as he became impatient.
Peter, why not cut up vegetables?
Alice was badly cut up by losing the money.
The Red Army soon cut up the enemy’s forces.
6. Policemen preserve order in the streets.
Salt preserves food from decay.
The vase has been preserved intact. D
7. a matter of little significance
a speech of great significance
a look of deep significance
It is a matter of great significance.
8. He somehow got lost.
Somehow I don’t like this way.
We must get there before ten somehow.
9. Everyone applauded when the play ended.
I applaud your decision.
We applauded him for his bravery.
10. accelerate the speed
He decided to accelerate his advertising.
It is a kind of substance used to accelerate a fire.
11. arrive at/reach one’s destination
Tokyo is our final destination.
It took us a whole day to arrive at the destination.
arrest the bleeding of the blood
arrest sb’s eyes
The policeman arrested the thief.
The bright colors arrested Susan’s attention. A 12. The drug gives some relief from pain.
To my great relief, I wasn’t late.
It’s a great relief to find you here. C
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8. hut[h?t]n.小屋；棚屋 9. stove[st?uv]n.炉子 10. unbearable[,?n'bε?r?bl]n.无法忍受的；承受不住的 11. cosy['k?uzi]adj.舒适的；安逸的 12. block out[bl?k aut]封闭 13. breathless['breθlis]adj.喘不过气来的 14. rotten['r?tn]adj.腐烂的；变质的 15. blacken['bl?k?n]vt.使变黑 16. circumstance['s?:k?mst?ns]n.环境；详情；境况
17. blast[bl?st]n.一阵（风）；一股（气流） 18. hoarse[h?:s]adj.嘶哑的 19. bless[bles]vt.祝福；保佑 20. selfish['selfi?]adj.自私的 21. hook[h?k]n.钩；吊钩vt.钩住；入迷 22. aboard[??b?:d]adv.＆perp.在船（飞机） 23. seasickness['si:siknis]n. 晕船 24. anyhow['enihau]adv.无论如何 25. steward[stju?d]n.（轮船、飞机等）乘务员；膳
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人教版高中英语选修十参考答案及解析9.docx
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高中英语必修一课文及翻译(自己总结)打印版
第一课 Anne’s best friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feeling and thoughts? Or are you afraid of your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going throught.Anne Frank want the first kind. She made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ .Her family wad Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by German Nazis. They hid away for twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friends was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts as most people do. But I want this diary itself to be my best friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？ 安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太
英语选修课教案
英语选修课 王芳
Film review process： 1.Background information 2.Character analysis 3.Plot analysis 4.Theme discussion 5.Learn new words and phrases
"Crazy animal city" by Disney pictures produced the 3D animation, the film tells the story of a peaceful coexistence in all animal animal City, Judi rabbit through their efforts to complete their childhood dreams, become the animal police story. A modern city animal, every animal has their own homes here, there is the Sahara desert climate, perennial cold glaciers in the town square and so on, it is like a big pot, animal here Peaceful Coexistence -- whether it is an elephant or a little mouse, as long as you work hard, can make a go. Judi had a dream to become a rabbit animal city police, although all around like rabbit impossible when the police, but she was through their own efforts, to all among the big animal city police station, became the first rabbit officer. In order to prove himself, she
人教版高中英语必修10课文逐句翻译(高二)
人教版选修10课文译文 一次成功的失败经历 如果起初不成功，就要一次又一次地尝试。——W·C·菲尔兹 1914 年 8 月，珀斯·布莱克鲍罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“持久号”轮船南极探险。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最负盛名的探险家，加入他的探险活动被认为是一种巨大的荣耀。现在请看读帕斯所讲故事的第一部分。 1916 年 8 月 29 日慢慢地，我把头探出睡袋，向四周看了看。一切都是灰色的：小屋里面看上去是灰色的，晨曦看上去是灰色的，燃油炉上噗噗作响的罐子也是灰色的。同往常一样，气味中混合着汗液、海豹油脂和脏内衣的味道，几乎让人难以忍受。我尝试着想一些快乐的事情：温暖和干爽的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光灿烂的日子、妈妈的脸庞，以及返家后得到的庆贺，因为我是试图横穿南极大陆的一次失败探险活动的成员之一，这种事以前还没有人做过。正想到这儿，一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住，几乎把美好时光的记忆封闭住了。 一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。我们的境况让人绝望，谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。也许好些年后，我们的尸体会被其他探险队所辨认并搜集起来。 正当我快要变得自我怜惜起来时，我们营棚的门开了，一股冷空气穿过营棚。“把门关上!”我用一种自己都快辨认不出来的沙哑的嗓音嚷嚷道。“坚持下去，珀斯。不要变成另一个汤姆。”一个声音在应答。“我们又逮住了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了!”保佑弗兰克一吓尔德，他可是我们的头儿欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最好的人啦。我怎么能像汤姆·奥德·利兹那样自私自利和脾气暴躁呢!我挣扎着下床，新的一天开始了。 当初宣布探险活动时，我才 20 岁，老梦想着要去冒险。所以在 1914 年 7 月的一个早晨，我是怀着无比激动的心情读以下这则广告的： 为危险之旅招募人手：工资低廉、寒冷无比、数月不见天日、无法确保安全返回。如果成功，荣耀和报酬将会接踵而至。欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士。 同伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士去南极探险——我被深深地迷住了!我是探险的门外汉，但我年轻，身体健康而且精力充沛。我偷偷地上了“持久号”轮船，藏在一个小橱里。直到轮船已开始航行了，我才被人发现，而且晕船晕得很厉害。不管怎么说，沙克尔顿似乎对我傻乎乎的行为感兴趣，并且接受了这种局面。他让我当一名伙计，协助做 28 个人一天三顿的饭菜。 1915 年 1 月 18 日，正当我们接近南极时，“持久号”被海上的浮冰(有的坚固无比，有的破裂成若干巨大的冰块浮在水上)卡住了。周围的冰都冻结了，我们千真万确地被困住了!轮船在我们的眼前慢慢地被挤坏。我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，只抢出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、卧具和衣服。为了显示自己的决心，沙克尔顿把一些金币和他的金表扔到冰上。然而，让我感到惊讶的是，他竟鼓励赫西带上班卓琴。他把班卓琴描述成让我们保持精神振奋的关键。 他的顽强精神赢得了我们对他的完全信赖。他对我们也总是坦诚相待(就像广告中那样)，他从不灰心丧气，从不放弃，甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。1916 年 4 月 9 日，我们搬到了大象岛上现在的宿营地。不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩：取消级别和社会地位上的差异，每个人都得忙起来；公平分配食物和卧具；关心每一个人。这种团队精神鼓舞了船员们的士气，并挽救了我们的生命。 我们在大象岛上一安顿好，沙克尔顿就马上向大家解释了他的营救计划：22 人留在这里，他挑选其他五个人去南乔治亚求援。由于谁也不知道我们身处何地，所以不能指望任何外部救援。我永远也不会忘记眼看着小船从哗哗作响的波浪中消失在波涛汹涌的大洋里的情景。留在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做：在他返回来救我们之前要保持乐观、恢复健康。
外研版高中英语必修一课文
Module 1 My First Day at Senior High My name is Li live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.It is the capital city of Hebei Province.Today is my first day at Senior High school and I’m writing down my thoughts about it. My new school is very good and I can see why. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing.Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. The teachers write on the computer, and their words appear on the screen behind them. The screens also show photographs, text and information from websites.They’re brilliant! The English class is really interesting. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like the teachers at my Junior High school. She thinks that reading comprehension is important, but we speak a lot in class, too. And we have fun.I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class! Today we introduced ourselves to each other.We did this in groups.Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. Ms Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves.Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting. We do this in a fun way, with spelling games and
英语演讲选修课教案14 Persuasive 2
山东理工大学教案
Lesson 12 Persuasive speeches II Sample Speech with Commentary The following persuasive speech was presented in a public speaking class at the university of Wisconsin. It deals with a question of policy and is a good example of how students can utilize the methods of persuasion discussed in this chapter. Self-Defense on Campus Rebecca Hanson You’re tired; you’re hungry. You’re just spent a long day at College Library and you can’t wait to gel back to your room. Glancing outside, you remember how quickly it becomes dark. You don’t think much of it, though, as you bundle up and head out into the gusty wind. Not until you spy the shadows on the sidewalk or hear the leaves rustling beside you do you wish you weren’t alone. You walk quickly, trying to stop your imagination from thinking of murderers and rapists. Only when you are safely inside your room do you relax and try to stop your heart from pounding out of your chest. The speaker begins with an extended hypothetical example. Vivid and richly textured, it gains attention and relates the topic directly to the audience .It also contains a strong element of emotional appeal—especially for female students who have experienced the feelings described by the speaker. Can you remember a time when you felt this way? I would be surprised if you never have. The FBI reported last year that there were three murders, approximately 430 aggravated assaults, 1,400 burglaries, and 80rapes here in Madison alone. And while these statistics are quite alarming, they don’t even compare to the numbers of larger metropolitan areas. When you begin a speech with a hypothetical example, it’s a good idea to follow up with statistics showing that the example is not farfetched. The statistics in this paragraph are especially effective because they come from the city in which the speech was given.