2015年职称英语考试真题及答案word版下载(综合类B级)
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. A larg crowd assembled outside the American embassy.
A. watched
B. shouted
C. gathered
D. walked
2. Most baby can take in a wide range of food easily.
A. bring
B. digest
C. keep
D. serve
3. What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.
A. shocks
B. influences
C. confuses
D. concerns
4. I think $7 a drink is a bit steep, don’t you?
A. tight
B. low
C. cheap
D. high
5. Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded.
A. offer
B. provide
C. modernize
D. fund
6. The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.
A. fresh
B. hot
C. heavy
D. windy
7. The walls are made of hollow concret blocks.
A. big
B. empty
C. long
D. new
8. Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted”Joe,Joe,Joe”
A. repeated
B. jumped
C. maintained
D. approached
9. All the walls in the building had the same layout.
A. size
B. function
C. color
D. arrangment
10. Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.
A. slightly
B. partly
C. faintly
D. completely
11. The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.
A. need
B. hate
C. love
D. pity
12. Do we have to wear these name tags?
A. lists
B. forms
C. lables
D. codes
13. He inspired many young people to take up sports.
A. encouraged
B. allowed
C. called
D. advised
14. The city center was wiped out by the bomb.
A. covered
B. reduced
C. destroyed
D. moved
15. The storm caused severe damage.
A. physical
B. accidental
C. serious
D. enviromental$pager$
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题l分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Brotherly Love
Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century．
Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes，World Cup—winning football heroes，Muhammad Ali，hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world．But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach，Germany．
Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker．They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in．Rudolph always said，“You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you'd walk around town with．”So they started making their own．In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(钉)，produced on the Dasslers’kitchen table．
On lst July 1924 they formed a shoe company，Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years．The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany’s athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games．
But in 1948 the brothers argued．No one knows exactly what happened，but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women．The result was that Adolph left the company．His nickname was Adi，and using this and the first three letters of the family name，Dassler，he founded Adidas．Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too．At first he wanted to call it Ruda，but eventually he cailed it Puma，after the wild cat．The famous Puma logo of the Jumping cat has hardly changed since．After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies havc now been in competition for over sixty years．Both companies were for many years the market leaders．though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma．A hip hop group，Run DMC，has even writtcn a song catied“My Adidas”and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok，another big sports shoe company．
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten，but ever since it happened，over sixty years ago,the town has been split into two．Even now，some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talk to each other．
16．Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
17．The brothers’father was a ball maker．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
18．The brothers make shoes at home．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
19．The brothers argued about the shoes．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
20．The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
21．Nike makes more shoes than Adidas．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
22．People in town have forgotten their argument．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned$pager$
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
How Technology Pushes Down Price
1 Prices have fallen in the food business heeause of advances in food production and distribution technology.Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances．People who predicted that the wold would run out of food were wron9．We are producing more and more food with less and less capital.Food is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been．Spending on food compared with other goods has fallen for many years，and continues to drop．
2 Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale．Like any big business’they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient．And their size allows them to buv in bulk．As supermarkets get bigger，the prices get lower．
3 Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins．As a result，some producers have had to make cuts．In recent years.
Unilever has cut its workforce by 33，000 to 245，000 and dropped lots of its minor brands as Dart of its“path to growth”strategy．Cadbury has shut nearly 20 percent of its 133 factories and cut 10 Dercent of its 55，000 global workforce．These cuts help keep costs down，and the price of food stays low．
4 Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encotlrage people to eat more．Good companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more．Giving people bigger portmns IS an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal．That is why Dortions have got larger and larger．In America，soft drinks came in 80z(225g)cans in the past，then
120z(350g)，and now come in 200z(550g)calls．If a company can sell you an 80z portion for$7，they can sell you a 120z portion for$8．The only extra cost to the company is the food，which Drobably costs 25 cents．
5 Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money．But it is hard to change the trend．
23．Paragraph 1__________
24．Paragraph 2__________
25．Paragraph 3__________
26．Paragraph 4__________
27．Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy
in__________.
28．Some food producers have reduced__________．
29．Besides cutting its cost，Unilever also abandoned its__________．
30．Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got__________．
$pager$
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇Oseola McCarty
Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999，Oseola McCarty，an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life．It mav seem like an ordinary end to a humble life，but there was something quite exceptional about this woman．
In the summer of 1995，McCarty gave$1 50，000，most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown．The money was to help other African Americans through university．She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would
return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save．
She led a simple，frugal existence，never spending on anything but her most basic needs．Her bank also advised her on investing her hard—earned savings．When she retired，she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university．She had wanted to become a nurse，but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work．When asked why she had given her life savings away，she replied，“I’m giving it away so that children won’t h ave to work so hard，like I did．”After news of her donation hit the media，over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund．One was given by media executive，Ted Turner，who reputedly gave a billion dollars．She didn’t want any fuss made over her gift，but the news got out and she was invited all over the United States to talk to people．Wherever she went，people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her．She met the ordinary and the famous，President Clinton included．In the last few years of her life，before she died of cancer，McCarty was given over 300 awards：she was honoured by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizen’s Medal．Despite having no real education，she found herself with two honorary doctorates：one from the University of Southern Mississippi and the
other from Harvard University．Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that true selflessness does exist．
31．This woman shocked and inspired the world because__________．
A．she had managed to save so much money
B．she gave her money to African Americans
C．she gave her life savings to help others through university
D．she only spent money on cheap things
32．She managed to save so much money because__________．
A．she had ironed and washed clothes all her life
B．she had worked hard，saved hard and invested carefully
C．she had opened a good bank account
D．she knew how to make money
33．She gave her money away because__________．
A．she wanted to help the university
B．she wanted others to have the chance to become nurses
C．she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life
D．she want to be remembered after her death
34．When her generosity was made__________．
A．people donated billions
B．hundreds of students got scholarships
C．hundreds of people put money into the fund
D．she was sent to university
35．Marcarty’s generosity indicates clearly that__________．
A．scholarship funds are popular in US
B．kind-hearted people deserves doctorates
C．selflessness exists in human society
D．poor people can donate as much as rich people
D．poor people can donate as much as rich people
第二篇From Ponzi to Madoff
The year was 1920．The country was the United States of America．The man’s name was Charles Ponzi．Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account．Instead，they should give it to him to save for them．Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank．For example，a savings account might pay you$5 a year for every$1 00 you deposit．Ponzi，however，would pay you $40 a year for every $1 00 you gave him to hold．Many people thought this was a good plan．They began to give their money to Ponzi．
How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him：He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money．However，he also kept a lot of the money for himself．Soon he had $250 million．This was a kind of theft，and it was against the law．The people who gave him their money didn’t think anything was wrong．Ponzi paid them every month，just like a bank．Ponzi continued this way of working for two years．Then one day，
he didn’t have enough money to pay all the people．They discovered his crime，and he went to prison for froud．
Ninety years later，people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Mad off．People said he gave good advice about money．They said when they gave him their money，he paid them a lot more than the bank．Mad off helped hospitals，schools，and individuals earn money．Over a period of 40 years，people gave him$1 70 billion．However，no one investigated what he did with the money．The people who gave Mad off their money also didn’t think anything was wrong because he paid them every month．
One day，Mad off didn’t have enough money to pay all the people he neede d to pay．That’s when people discovered how Madoff worked：He was taking money from some people to pay other people，just the way Charles Ponzi did．However，this time，instead of losing millions of dollars，people lost billions．
Madoff was accused of fraud，and United States government officials arrested him．He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty．In 2009，a judge sentenced him to 150 years in prison．Bernard Madoff’s crime was even bigger than Ponzi’s．It was the biggest fraud in history．The lesson of this story is clear：When something seems too good to be true，it probably is !
36．For every$100 Ponzi promises to pay people__________．
A．$5 a year
B．$40 a year
C．$20 a year
D．$100 a year
37．What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?
A．He spent it all on things for himself．
B．He used some of it to pay other people．
C．He deposited it all in a bank．
D．He kept it all to save for a good plan．
38．What was Ponzi’s crime?
A．He kept a lot of other peoples’money for himself__________．
B．He robbed the banks of millions of dollars．
C．He gave people more than bank allowed．
D．He didn’t pay people the interests．
39．How long did Mad off’s trick lasts?
A．Four years．
B．Forty years．
C．Nine years．
D．Ninety years．
40．Why didn’t Mad off have to go on trial?
A．He admitted he was guilty．
B．The officials couldn’t find any evidence against him．
C．He had friends in government who helped him．
D．He returned all illegal money．
第三篇Gross National Happiness
In the last century，new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries．However，one country resisted these changes．High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia，the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate．Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years．Bhutan，however，was a poor country．People died at a young age．Most of its people could not read，and they did not know much about the outside world．Then，in 1972，a Dew ruier named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas．He saw that most countries measured tnmrprogress by their Gross National
Product(GNP)．The GNP measures products and money．When the number of Droducts sold increases people say the country is making progress．King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan．He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness．If the people’s happiness increased，the king could say that Bhutan was making progress．To decide if people were happier，he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GN H)．
GN H is based on certain principles that create happiness．People are happier if they have health care．education，and jobs．They are happier when they live in a healthy，protected environment．They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs．Finally，people are happier when they have a good，stable government．
Now this is some evidence of increased GN H in Bhutan．People are healthier and are living longer．
More people are educated and employed．Twenty—five percent of the land has become national parks，and the country has almost no pollution．The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs．Bhutan has also become a democracy．In 2008，King Wang chuck gave his power to his son．Although the country still had a king，it held its first democratic elections
that year．Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time．Finally，Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet．
Bhutan is a symbol for social progress．Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH．
These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness．They want to create new policies that take care of their people，cultures，and land．Brazil nlay be the next country to use the principles of GNH．Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration．Brazil is a large country with a diverse population．If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil，perhaps the rest of the world will follow．
4 1．Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?
A．A Dresident．
B．A Buddhist priest．
C．A general．
D．A king．
42．Apart from modernizing Bhutan，what else did Wang chuck want to do for Bhutan?
A．To make its population grow．
B．To keep it separate from the world．
C．To encourage its people to get rich．
D．To keep its tradition and customs．
43．A country shows its progress with GNP by__________．
A．selling more products
B．spending more money
C．spending less money
D．providing more jobs
44．According to GNH，people are happier if they __________．
A．have new technology
B．can change their religion
C．have a good，stable government
D．have more money
45．Today，many countries are y__________．
A．using the principles of GN H to measure their progress
B．working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH
C．taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress
D．trying to find their own ways to measure happiness$pager$
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Voice Your Opinion：Change is Needed in Youth Sports
Everywhere you look，you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet(网球拍)．And these kids are getting younger and younger．In some countries，children can compete on basket__________ball，baseball，and volleyball teams starting at age nine．__________ (46)And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four，to prepare children for competition．It’s true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams．
__________
(47)This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects．
Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport．
Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it．__________ (48)But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport for fun．Another problem is the pressure imposed by over—competitive parents and coaches．Children are not naturally competitive．In fact，a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don’t even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old．__________(49)The third，and biggest，problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework，have fun，be with friends—in short，time to be kids．When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice，they often start to hate their chosen sport．
A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the age of twelve quit before they turn eighteen．__________(50)Excessive competitiveness took away all the enjoyment．
Need to remember the purpose of you th sports’-to give kids a chance to have developing strong，healthy bodies．
A．Survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children to concentrate on one sports．
B．The young soccer organization has teams for children as young as five．
C．Many of them completely lose interest in sports．
D．Sports for children have two important purposes．
E．But what about the others，the average kids?
F．Very young kids don’t know why their parents are pushing them so hard．$pager$
第6部分：完形填空(第52～65题，每题1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Do you ever wish you were more optimistic，someone who always(51)
__________to be successful?
Having someone around who always(52) __________the worst isn’t really a lot of(53) __________．We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says，“It looks(54)rain．”
But if you catch yourself thinking such things，it’s important to do something(5 5) __________it．
You can change your view of life，(56) __________to psychologists．It only takes a little effort，and you’ll find life more rewarding as a(57)
__________．Optimism，they say，is partly about self—respected confidence but it’s also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to(58) __________．Optimists are more(59) __________to start new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks．
Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your(60) __________to the world．Some people are brought up to(61) __________too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything(62) __________wrong．Most optimists，on the(63) __________hand，have been brought up not to(64)
__________failure as the end of the world-they just(65) __________with their lives．51．
A．counted
B．expected
C．felt
D．waited
52．
A．worries
B．cares
C．fears
D．doubts
53．
A．amusement
B．play
C．enjoyment
D．fun
54．
A．so
B．to
C．for
D．like
55．
A．with B．against C．about D．over
56．A．judging B．according C．concerning D．following 57．A．result B．reason C．purpose D．product 58．A．supply B．suggest C．offer D．propose 59．A．possible B．1ikely C．hopeful D．welcome 60．A．opinion B．attitude C．view D．position 61．
A．trust B．believe C．depend D．hope
62．
A．goes
B．falls
C．comes
D．turns
63．
A．opposite
B．next
C．other
D．far
64．
A．regard
B．respect
C．suppose
D．think
65．
A．get up
B．get on
C．get out
D．get over$pager$
第1部分：词汇选项
1．B【解析】题意：美国使馆前面聚集了一大群人。
句子中assembled的意思是集合。
A中watched的意思是注视，看守，监视，警戒；例句：The would-be murderer was kept under close watch.那个意欲行凶的人被置于严密监视下。
B中gathered的意思是(使)聚集，集合；例句：Gather some leaves which have an interesting texture and shape.采集一些带有有趣的纹理和形状的叶子。
C中shouted的意思是呼，喊，叫；例句：He is rather far away, but if you shout, he may hear you.他在相当远的地方，但是如果你大声喊的话，他可能听得见。
D中walked的意思是走，步行，散步；例句：You walk on ahead. I shall soon catch you up.你在前面先走，我很快就会赶上你。故选B。
2．C【解析】题意：大多数婴儿能消化的食物很广泛。
句子中take in的意思是吸收，消化。
A中bring的意思是带来，引来；例句：The success brought him great satisfaction.
成功给他带来极大的快慰。
B中keep的意思是保持，遵守；例句：That's something we have always to keep in mind.那是我们应该经常记在心里的。
C中digest的意思是消化，整理，吸收；例句：The baby is too small to digest meat.
婴儿太小，吃肉不消化。
D中serve的意思是服务，提供；例句：Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.必须教育孩子长大后为国家服务。故选C。
3．A【解析】题意：使我疑惑的是，为什么他的书如此受欢迎。句子中puzzles 的意思是使人迷惑。A中confuses的意思是使困惑；例句：They confused me by their conflicting advice.他们的建议相互矛盾，把我弄糊涂了。
B中shocks的意思是使人震惊；例句：We were shocked by the news of his death.
他去世的消息令我们震惊。
C中influences的意思是影响；例句：It is not his parents that influence him so much as his teachers,他的父母并不像他的老师对他那样有影响。
D中concerns的意思是关系到；关心；例句：The letter is chiefly concerned with export commodities.这封信主要是关于出口商品的。故选A。
4．B【解析】题意：我认为七块钱买一杯喝的太贵了，你觉得呢?句子中steep 的意思是过分的，夸张的，极高的。
A中tight的意思是紧的，牢固的；例句：The shoes are too tight for me．我觉得鞋子太紧了。
B中high的意思是高的；例句：He is covetous of her high salary．他垂涎她的高薪。
C中10W的意思是低的，矮小的；例句：The office is in a low building．办公室设在一幢低矮的房子里。
D中cheap的意思是便宜的，廉价的；例句：The coat may be expensive but looks cheap．那件大衣也许很贵，但是看起来很便宜。故选B。
5．D【解析】题意：我们的目标是更新健康服务，我们做到了。
句子中update的意思是更新。
A中offer的意思是提供，给予；例句：He offered me a glass of wine．他端给我一杯酒。
B中provide的意思是提供，供给；例句：Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing．她总算设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。
C中fund的意思是提供资金；例句：They are raising funds for a new laboratory．他们在募款建一个新的实验室。
D中modernize的意思是使现代化；例句：First of all，if we want to stay competitive，we need to modernize our factory．首先我们如果要保持竞争力的话，就需要使我们的工厂现代化。故选D。
6．C【解析】题意：空气清新，50里以外的山峦都能看到。
句子中crisp的意思是新鲜的。
A中hot的意思是热的；例句：He bustled her out of the hot house．他催促她快走出那间闷热的房子。
B中heavy的意思是重的；例句：The heavy bag weighted the pupil tO one side．沉重的书包压得那个小学生歪向一边。
C中fresh的意思是新鲜的，新的；例句：we had to do without fresh fruit and vegetable．没有新鲜水果和蔬菜，我们不得不将就一下。
D中windy的意思是有风的；例句：I t’S a lovely，windy day．Help me to peg out the washing．
天气真好，又有风，请把我洗好的衣服晾出去。故选C。
7．D【解析】题意：这面墙是空心砖搭建的。
句子中hollow的意思是空的，空洞的。
A中big的意思是大的；例句：We now have a big house of which we could not have dreamed years ago．我们现有的一座大房子是我们多年前没能想像得到的。
B中long的意思是长的；例句：Their clothes were all bunched up after being in suitcases for so long．他们的衣服在衣箱里放得时间这么长，以至都打褶了。
C中new的意思是新的；例句：I redirected his letters to his new house．我把他的信件改寄到他的新住所。
D中empty的意思是空的；例句：tte hurtled his empty gun at my face．他把空枪猛地朝我的脸上投来。故选D。
8．C【解析】题意：乔伊走到窗边听到人群中重复喊着：“乔伊!乔伊!乔伊!”
句子中chanted的意思是反复有节奏地喊叫(或唱等)。
A中jumped的意思是跳；例句：A horse must be carefully mouthed before he is taught to jump．教马跳跃之前必须小心使它习惯于马嚼子。
B中maintained的意思是保持，保养，坚持；例句：Even if we cannot agree，we should maintain our contact．即使我们不能取得一致，我们也要保持联系。
C中repeated的意思是重复；例句：She repeated what she had said．她重复了自己说过的话。
D中approached的意思是接近，走近。例句：He cautiously approached the house．他小心地走近那所房子。故选C。
9．A【解析】题意：这个建筑物的套间布局都完全相同。
句子中1ayout的意思是布局，布置。
A中arrangement的意思是安排，布局；例句：The arrangement of the furniture formed a pleasing ensemble．这些家具摆放得悦目而和谐。
B中color的意思是颜色，色彩；例句：How do you like it in this color?你觉得它的颜色怎么样?
C中size的意思是大小，尺寸；例句：I take size nine shoes．我穿九号的鞋。
D中function的意思是功能，职务，职责；例句：What is his function on the committee?他在委员会里担任什么职务?故选A。
10．D【解析】题意：她关于男人的评论真是一派胡言。
句子中utterly的意思是完全地，彻底地。
A中slightly的意思是轻微地；例句：We had to slightly modify the original design．我们不得不对原来的设计稍加修改。
B中partly的意思是部分地，不完全地；例句：The reason why one is fat is partly caused by overeating．造成肥胖的部分原因是饮食过量。
C中faintly的意思是微弱地，隐约地；例句：Daisy rose，smiling faintly，and went to the table．黛西站了起来，微微一笑．走到桌子前面。
D 中completely的意思是完整地，彻底地；例句：He was completely smeared by his match．他被他的对手彻底打败了。故选C。
11．B【解析】题意：他对学生的蔑视是显而易见的。
句子中contempt的意思是轻视，轻蔑。
A中need的意思是需要；例句：There’S no need for you to start yet．你现在还不必动身。
B中hate的意思是仇十艮，厌恶；例句：Love and hate are two extremes of feelings．爱与恨．是感情的两个极端。
C中love的意思是爱．喜欢；例句：We should parent children with both love and discipline．我们应该用爱和管教来当好孩子的父母。
D中pity的意思是怜悯，同情，憾事；例句：Pity welled up in her heart as she watched the disabled child．当她看到那个残疾孩子的时候，怜悯之情涌上心头。故选B。
12．C【解析】题意：我们需要戴着胸卡吗?
句子中name tags的意思带有名字的标签，tag是标签的意思。
A中lists的意思是名单；例句：His name was dropped from the list．他的名字被从名单上除去了。
B中forms的意思是表格；例句：To apply for a job，you must fill out a form．申请工作要填表。
C 中labels的意思是标签。例句：All the sale items had special labels．所有减价品都有特殊标签。
D中codes意思是编码，代号；例句：He sent a message in code．他用密码发送了一份讯息。故选C。
13．D【解析】题意：他鼓励很多年轻人运动起来。
句子中inspired的意思是鼓舞，激励。
A中allowed的意思是允许；例句：He doesn’t allow cats in the room．他不允许猫进入房内。
B中called的意思是叫，通电话；例句：He called the waitress over．他将服务员小姐叫了过去。
C中advised的意思是建议。例句：We advised her that she(should)wait．我们劝她等。
D中cncouraged的意思是鼓励，支持；例句：She encouraged him to talk to her．她鼓励他与她交谈。故选D。
14．A【解析】题意：城市中心被炸弹攻陷。
句子中wiped out的意思是歼灭，攻陷。
A中destroyed的意思是破坏，摧毁，消灭，歼灭；例句：What he said destroyed our last hope．他说的话摧毁了我们最后的希望。
B中covered的意思是覆盖，掩护；例句：The highway was covered with snow．公路被雪覆盖着。
C中reduced的意思是减少，降低；例句：He is trying to reduce expenses．他正试图减少开支。
D中moved的意思是移动，搬动；例句：That chair is in the way，move it please．那把椅子挡着路，请把它移开。故选A。
15．D【解析】题意：风暴造成了严重的损失。
句子中severe的意思是剧烈的，严重的。
A中physical的意思是自然(界)的，物质的；例句：There may be a physical explanation for these strange happenings．这些奇怪现象也许有符合自然法则的解释。
B中accidental的意思是意外的，偶然(发生)的；例句：Breaking the vase was purely accidental；she did not mean to do it．打碎花瓶纯粹是偶然失手；她无意弄坏它。
C中environmental的意思是(个人)环境的，周围的；例句：This is an extreme example，but in evcry case，the environmental factors affect delivery schedule and budget．这是一个极端的例子，但在每种情况下，环境因素都会影响交付计划和预算。
D中serious的意思是严肃的，严重的；例句：He fell off the tree but nothing serious happened．他从树上摔下来，但没有出什么事。故选D。$pager$ 第2部分：阅读判断
16．B【解析】题意：阿迪达斯和彪马自19世纪末开始做鞋。
文章第二段Since l928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes，World Cup-winning football heroes表明，从l928年开始两个公司就开始为奥林匹克运动员等提供鞋了，所以本题的说法是错误的。故选B。
17．B【解析】题意：这两兄弟的父亲是做球的。
文中第三段第一句Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker 说明两兄弟是一个鞋匠的儿子。所以选B。
18．A【解析】题意：这两兄弟在家里做鞋。
文中第三段最后一句In l920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes，produced on the D asslers’kitchen table说明他们的第一双鞋是在家里的餐桌上做出来的。本题的说法是正确的，故选A。
19．B【解析】题意：两兄弟因为鞋争吵。
文中第五段对于争吵有描写No one knows exactly what happened，but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women虽然没人知道到底发生了什么，但是家庭成员觉得两人是为了金钱和女人起了争执。所以题干说法错误，故选B。
20．A【解析】题意：争吵之后兄弟俩决定建立各自的公司。
第五、六两段分别写了两人争吵之后建立公司的细节。所以题干说法是正确的。故选A。
21．C【解析】题意：耐克做的鞋比阿迪达斯多。
文章只写了阿迪达斯和彪马两个公司的事，没有提及耐克。所以本题选C。
22．B【解析】题意：镇子里的人忘记了他们的争吵。
从最后一段我们可以看出，不但两兄弟吵架了，两兄弟各自公司的员工也互不理睬。第一句The terrible family argument should really be forgotten说明争吵应该被遗忘，但是接着以but来转折，可见题干说法是错误的。故选B。$pager$
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23．C【解析】文章第一段第一句Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distribution technology点明本段主旨为食品生
产和营销技术的不断进步，使得食品价格降低。故C项“科技助力食品降价”正确，故本题选C。
24．F【解析】文章第二段围绕Supermarkets have helped push down prices这一主旨展开论述，所以F项“大超市的价格更低”作为本段标题合适，故本题选F。
25．A【解析】文章第三段开头第一句Huge retail companies such as Wal—Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins就表明各大零售商为了提供低价商品，通过向生产商加压而降低成本，所以A项“大零售商促使生产商减低成本”正确。故本题选A。
26．D【解析】文章第四段主要讲消费者觉得大包装的食品更便宜，而销售商也通过售卖大包装的食品赚到了更多的钱，所以D项“大包装的食品更便宜”正确。故本题选D。
27．C【解析】题意：大超市供应的食品价格较低，因为它们可以……买。
根据文章第二段倒数第二句And their size allows them to buy in bulk可知，大型超市可大批量进货，这使得零售价降低，in bulk与in large quantities为同义转换，故本题选C。
28．A【解析】题意：有些食品生产商减少了……。
根据文章第三段第三句…In recent years，Unilever has cut its workforce by 33，000 to 245，000…可得知联合利华为了降低成本进行了裁员。故本题选A。
29．F【解析】题意：除了降低成本，联合利华也放弃了……。
根据文章第三段第三句后半句…dropped lots of its minor brands as part of
its“path to growth” strategy可知，联合利华为了实现增长战略放弃了其旗下的一些小品牌。故本题选F。
30．E【解析】题意：顾客喜欢大份额的食物因为他们认为他们……。
根据文章第四段第四句Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal可知顾客认为大份额的食物包装更划算，a good bargain与a better deal为同义转换，故本题选E。$pager$
第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇
31．C【解析】句意：这位震惊并激励了世界上的人是因为……
根据文章第一段最后一句there was something quite exceptional about this woman可得知这位妇人有着非同寻常之处，由第二段第一、二句In the summer of l995，McCarty gave$150，000，most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown．The money was to help other African Americans through university可知，这位妇人竞积攒了如此一大笔钱并将其捐献。所以B项“她把钱给非裔美国人”是错误的。A项“她积攒了那么多钱”，这并不是她使人震惊和受到激励的原因，而是她将毕生积蓄捐出这一行为令人佩服，所以C项“她将其毕生积蓄捐给学校来帮助别人”正确。D项“她只买便宜东西”，文中未提及。故选C。
32．B【解析】句意：她能攒下这么大笔钱是因为……。
根据文章第二段最后一句和第三段She had started her savings habit as a young child…She led a simple，frugal existence，never spending on anything but her most basic needs．Her bohk aIso advjsed her on investing her hardearned savings可知，她努力工作，努力存钱并谨慎投资。故B项正确。而第二段最后一句提及的是她小时候放学后做清洁和熨衣服赚钱，并没有提到她一生都在做这种工作，所以A项错误。C项、D项说法都比较模糊不全面。故选B。
33．C【解析】句意：她把钱财都捐了是因为……。
根据文章第四段第一、二句…the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university．She had wanted to become a nurse，but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work和第三句l’m giving it away so that children won’t have to work so hard，like I did可知，她希望别人有机会上大学而不必再像她那样毕生操劳。所以C项正确。她捐出积蓄是为帮助非裔美国人，而不是帮助大学，故A项错误，B项说法文中未提及。由第五段第一句She didn’t want any fuss made over her gift可知，她并不想为自己的捐献而大惊小怪，博人眼球，所以D项错误。故选C。
34．C【解析】句意：她的慷慨使人们……
根据文章第四段倒数第二句After news of her donation hit the media，over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund可知，受她事迹的感染，超过600人也慷慨解囊捐款，故C项正确。A项、B项和D项文中未提及。因此本题选C。
35．C【解析】句意：Marcarty的慷慨说明……。
文章最后一句Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and prOof tbat true selflessness does exist明确点出她的慷慨表明真正的无私是存在的，故可判断C项正确。因此本题选C。
第二篇
36．B【解析】题意：庞齐承诺每100美元一年给人们多少收益?