主谓一致的三个原则

主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致的三个原则

主谓一致的三个原则

1. 语法一致原则

Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。

The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。

Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。

The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。

2. 意义一致原则

This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。

Paris is among the largest cities in the world. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。

The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。

Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。

意义一致的三个典型用法

1. 形式上虽为单数,但意义为复数名词,如the police, people, cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Cattle eat grass. 牛吃草。The police were called in. 警察被召来了。

注:people 作“民族”解时,其单数形式为people,复数形式为peoples,作主语时,应用语法一致原则。如:The Chinese people is a great people. 中华民族是一个伟大的民族。

56 peoples make up the big family of China. 56个民族构成中国这个大家庭。

2. 主语是指一类人的“the+形容词(或过去分词)”时,谓语动词通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed等。另外,像the Chinese, the British, the Irish等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称,作主语时,谓语动词也用复数。如:

The injured were taken to hospital. 受伤的人都送进了医院。

The English do not drink much wine. 英国人不喝很多酒。

A.The + 形容词指人做主语时,谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式。如:

(1) The poor were usually looked down upon by the rich. 过去,穷人常被富人瞧不起。

(2) The wounded have been taken good care of in the hospital. 伤员在医院受到了很好的照护。B.The + 形容词指抽象概念做主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:

The decayed has been thrown away. 腐烂的东西已经被扔掉了。

3. 形式上为复数,而意义上却是单数的名词,如news, mathematics, physics,politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、国名等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:

Mathematics is the language of science. 数学是科学语言。

His “Selected Poems”was first published in 1965. 他的诗歌选集最早是1965年出版的。3. 就近原则

Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。

Neither the students nor the teacher is interested in it. 老师和学生对此都不感兴趣。

即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

1. 连词or, not…but…, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…等连接的并列主语,谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。如:

Not his parents but he doesn’t want to go. 是他的父母亲不想去而不是他不想去。

Neither you nor I am a stranger here. 你和我都不是刚来这里。

Does neither he nor his classmates know the secret? 他和他的同学都不知道这个密秘?

2. 当there be后有两个或几个并列的主语时,be的数由与其靠得最近的那个主语一致。如:There is an apple, two pears and some oranges on the plate. 盘子里有一个苹果,两个梨子和一些桔子。

There are two pears, some oranges and an apple on the plate. 盘子里有两个梨子,一些桔子和一个苹果。

英语主谓一致详解

1. 代词做主语

C.主语是:who, what, which, all, more, most, some, any, none, the rest, the remainder时,谓语动词的形式须依具体情况而定。如:

(1) Who’s the girl over there? 那边的那个女孩是谁?

(2) Who are the boys playing games there? 在那里做游戏的男孩子是哪些人?

(3) What’s this? 这是什么?(4) What are those? 哪些是什么?

(5) Which is yours? 哪一个是你的?(6) Which are children’s? 哪一些是孩子们的?

不定代词作主语的主语一致归纳

1. 单数型:someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, nothing等复合不定代词作主语,谓语用单数;either, neither, each, little, much 等不定代词作主语时,谓语也用单数。如:Nothing is yet certain. 一切都还没有肯定。

Neither was satisfactory. 两者都不使人满意。

No one goes to the school during the vacation. 假期时没人到学校去。

2. both, few, several, many作主语:此时谓语要用复数。如:

Few of them are any good. 它们没有几个有用。

Many have given their lives in the cause of truth. 为了真理许多人献出了生命。

3. all 作主语:若指人,谓语用复数;若指事物或现象,谓语通常用单数。如:

All are equal before the law. 法律面前,人人平等。

All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。

注:若all 后修饰有其他名词或接有“of+名词”,则其谓语与其中名词的数保持一致。

All (of) the money is mine. 所有这些钱都是我的。

All (of) his friends are poor. 他所有的朋友都很穷。

4. none (of) 作主语:若指不可数名词,谓语用单数;若指复数可数名词,谓语可用单数(较正式)或复数(非正式)。如:

None of the rooms are ready. 房间一个也没准备好。

None of this milk can be used. 这牛奶一点都不能用了。

None of the telephones is [are] working. 没有一部电话中是好的。

注:neither, none做主语时,口语中或非正式文字中,谓语动词通常用复数,正式的书面语中用单数。如:

Are/Is neither of the teams playing this week? 这个星期两个队中有哪一个队要进行比赛?None of them has/have been to the Great Wall. 他们中没有一个人去过长城。

不过,none作主语,其表语是单数,谓语用单数;表语是复数,谓语则用复数。

5. the rest 作主语:指不可数名词时谓语用单数,指可数名词时谓语用复数。如:

The rest of the money is yours. 剩余的钱归你。

The rest are arriving later. 其他人稍候就到。

2. 名词做主语

A. 一般说来,不可数名词及可数名词的单数做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Water is necessary for living things. 水对于生物来说是必须的。

(2) The desk over there is Li Lei’s. 那边的那张课桌是李蕾的。

(3) The dog is a useful animal. 狗是一种有用的动物。

B. 表示总称意义的名词people (人们,人民), cattle, police,youth做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。如:

(1) English people are fond of talking about weather. 英国人喜欢谈论天气。

(2) Cattle are farmers’friends. 牛是农民的朋友。

C. 主语是:public, board, family, class, team, group, crowd, audience, company, crew, committee, enemy, government, herd, jury, party等名词时,如果是作为整体的,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;如果作为其中一个个的成员,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。如:如:

(1) Our class is made up of fifty students. 我们班有五十个学生组成。

(2) Our class are working very hard. 我们班学习都很努力。

(3) His team is very strong. 他们队很强大。

(4) His team are talking with the coach. 他们队在跟教练谈话。

D. 主语是:时间、距离、价格、度量衡单位等名词或短语,即使是复数,谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Three years passes quickly. 三年很快过去了。

(2) Two meters is not long enough. 两米不够长。

E. 主语是:news, politics, physics, plastics, mathematics等名词虽然以—s结尾,但谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。如:(1) Physics is very interesting and useful. 物理既很有趣也很有用。(2) Plastics is widely used in our daily life. 塑料在日常生活中被广泛地应用。clothes, compasses, goods, glasses, trousers, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等名时,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。如:

(1) The trousers are not expensive. 这条裤子不贵。

(2) Your socks are over there. 你的袜子在那边。

F. 主语若是书名,剧名、报刊、杂志名称或国家、单位名称时,即使名词是复数形式,谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) The Arabian Nights is very interesting. 《一千零一夜》很有趣。

(2) The New York Times is popular in America. 《纽约时报》在美国很受欢迎。

G. 在算式里,主语是数词时,谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Three and five is eight. 三加五等于八。

(2) Twelve divided by six is two. 十二除以六等于二。

H. 主语是:a lot of, lots of, plenty,百分比of +名词时,谓语动词的形式须依照名词的数而确定。如:(1) A lot of people have taken part in the activity. 很多人参加了这次活动。

(2) Lots of water is lost. 大量的水被流失了。

I. 主语是:kind of, type of, pair of, amount of, quantity of + 名词时,谓语动词的形式须依照kind, type, amount, pair, quantity的数而确定。如:

(1) This pair of trousers was made by Master Li. 这条裤子是李师傅做的。

(2) A large quantity of water in the sea has been polluted. 这个海里大量的水被污染了。

(3) Large quantities of rice have been destroyed in the flood. 大量的庄稼在洪水中被毁坏了。J. 主语是:the number of + 名词的复数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:

The number of students in our class is seventy-eight. 我们班的学生数是七十八。

主语是:a number of + 名词复数时,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。如:

A number of students of our school come from the countryside. 我们学校很多学生来自农村。注意类似结构:

The variety of goods in this shop is rich. 这家商店的品种丰富。

A variety of books have been published. 已出版了各种各样的书。

K. 主语是:the population时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) What is the population of your town? 你们镇的人口多少?

(2) The population of America is a little over two hundred million. 美国人口数大约是两亿多一点。主语是:分数+ population时,谓语动词常用第三人称复数形式。如:

About eighty percent of the population in our country are farmers. 我们国家大约有百分之八十的人口是农民。

一、总的原则

1.表示意义较抽象的“人口”时,表单数意义;表示某地区的全体居民时,为集合名词,既可表示单数意义(视为整体)也可表示复数意义(考虑其个体)。如:

China’s population is by far the largest of any country. 中国是全世界人口最多的国家。

Most of the population has [have] fled. 大部分居民都逃走了。

Half the world’s population doesn’t [don’t] get enough to eat. 世界有一半人口没有足够的食物吃。What percent of the population read [reads] books? 识字的人占人口总数的百分之几? 注:有的人认为,当population作主语时谓语动词一般用单数,但若前面有分数或百分数修饰时,谓语动词用复数——这是不准确的说法,以上例句均引自权威词典,完全可以说明这一问题!

二、注意之处

若其后跟的是系表结构,且表语为复数,谓语动词要用复数。如:

One third of the population here are farmers. 这里三分之一的人口是工人。

3. 两个或两个以上的名词连在一起做主语

(一) and, both...and 连接名词或代词做主语

A.谓语一般用复数形式。如:

(1) Li Lei and Liu Mei are both interested in English. 李蕾和魏方都对英语感兴趣。

(2) He and she are good friends. 他跟她是好朋友。

B.and 连接的两个成对的名词,如fork and knife, bread and butter;soda and water;coffee and water;aim and end;salt and water等,虽有and 连接,但仍表示单一的概念,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Where is your fork and knife? 你的刀叉在哪儿?

(2) Is the bread and butter enough for you two? 你们两人吃这一点面包和黄油够了吗?C.and 连接的两个名词若是指同一个人, 即:and前的名词前有冠词,而and后面的名词前没有冠词。谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。如:

I’m told that the monitor and League secretary is ill today. 我听说班长兼团支书今天病了。D.and所连接的连个名词前分别有: every, each, no, many a等修饰时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Every boy and every girl enjoys themselves in the school. 在学校,每一个男孩和女孩都玩得挺开心。

(2) Many a teacher and many a student has spoken at the meeting. 在会上,很多老师和学生发了言。

(二) 主语是:连接词or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or…, not…but…, not only…but also…等连接的名词或代词时,谓语动词的形式须跟与之最接近的名词或代词决定。如:

(1) Neither he nor you are to blame. 他和你都不应该受责备。

(2) Is neither he nor you to blame? 他和你都不应该受责备吗?

(三) 主语是:介词in, out of, with, except, besides, without, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, but, along with, together with, like, including, in addition to等所连接的两个名词时,谓语动词的形式应与这些词前面的名词的数保持一致。如:

(1) At the meeting, one in four is against the decision. 会上由四分之一的人反对这一决议。

(2) The teacher with his students is discussing a question. 老师和学生们在讨论问题。

(四) one and a half + 名词复数做主语,即名词超过一,但不满二时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:One and a half oranges is enough for the baby. 这个孩子有一个半桔子就够了。(五) many a + 名词单数;more than one + 名词单数;a + 名词单数+ or two等做句子的主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Many a student is interested in English grammar. 很多学生对英语语法感兴趣。

(2) A worker or two is going to be sent to work abroad. 一两个工人将被派往国外去工作。

(六) one or two +名词复数做句子的主语时,谓语动词第三人称复数形式。如:

One or two spelling mistakes have been found in your composition. 在你的作文中发现了一两个拼写错误

One or two days are enough for them.

=A day or two is enough for them. 给他们一两天时间足够了。

5. 主语是句子、短语

A.主语是非谓语动词短语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:

(1) Reading is of much help for learning a language. 阅读对学语言很有帮助。

(2) To keep on doing morning exercises is good. (= It is good to keep on doing morning exercises. ) 坚持做早操很有好处。

B.主语是从句时,谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式,如:

Why he was absent yesterday is being questioned. 他昨天为什么没来正在询问之中。

Where we can get so much money is still a problem. 我们到哪里去弄这么多钱还是个问题。Whoever told you that was lying. 不管这话是谁对你说的,都是撒谎。

Whether he has signed the contract or not doesn’t matter. 他是否在合同上签了字,是无关紧要的。What he chiefly wished for was a chance to explain. 他主要希望能有一个解释的机会。

但what,who引导的从句做主语时,当指具体的东西或人时,谓语动词的形式必须根据具体的意思而定。如:What I want are these things. What she needs is (are) friends.

在定语从句中,当关系代词who, which或that做主语时,从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。如:

The teacher who teaches us English is from England. 教我们英语的教师是英国人。

Are these the books that were bought yesterday? 这些就是昨天买的书吗?

I, who am a new teacher, will teach you English. 我,一个新教师,将教你们英语。

C.在强调句型“It + be + 被强调的部分+ that / who …”中,be总是用单数形式;that / who 后的谓语动词的形式必须跟被强调的主语保持一致。如:

(1) It was Lin Tao who called you just now. 刚才给你打电话的就是林涛。

(2) It is you that are going to be invited to the party. 只有你将被邀请去参加聚会。

D.定语从句中谓语动词的形式必须跟先行词的单、复数形式保持一致。如:

(1) The girl who is speaking on the stage is Zhang Li’s sister. 在台上讲话的那个女孩是张力的姐姐。

(2) The children that are playing games over there are from Hunan. 在那边做游戏的孩子们是湖南人。

注意:在“one of + 名词复数+ 定语从句”结构中,定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式,但当one前面有the, the very, the less, the only或形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式,如:

(1) Li Lei is one of the students who are good at English. 李蕾是英语学得好的学生之一。

(2) Alice is the only one of the girls that is from America. 艾利斯是唯一的一个来美国的女孩。

连词or与主谓一致

注意在疑问句中则通常与第一个主语(即临近的一个主语)保持一致:

a. You or he is to blame. 你或他有一人要受责备。

b. Are you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他?

顺便说一句,在现代英语中用neither...nor,either...or等连接主语时也可一律用复数(但考生在应试时应避免)。

注:在现代英语中,有时即使以上结构中的名词为复数, 其谓语也可用单数(即将其视为整体),如:

Over sixty per cent of families own [owns] a television. 百分之六十以上的家庭已拥有电视机。注:若其中的名词为表示可数意义的集合名词,则其谓语根据情况可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体),如:

What percentage of the population read(s) books? 识字的人占人口的百分之几?

时间、距离、金额作主语时的主谓一致

表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语,被看作整体时,谓语动词用单数;若强调个体也可以复数。如:

Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是很长时间。

Two kilometers is a long way to go on foot. 步行两千米是一段很长的路程。

Six months have passed, and we still have no news of them. 六个月过去了,我们依然没有他们的消息。

比较:Ten dollars is too much for this old coin. 这个古币没有10块钱这么高的价格。

Three dollars were paid for the old coin. 那个古钱花了3块钱。

Twenty years is a long time. 20年是一段很长的时间。

Twenty years have passed since they got married. 他们结婚已有20年了。

4. means作主语

名词means(方法)单数与复数同形,用作主语时,其谓语的单复数要视具体含义而定(尤其注意其前的修饰语):

These means are very good. 这些方法很好。

Such a means is really unpleasant. 这样的方法确实是令人不愉快。

若没有特定的修饰语或语境,则用单数或复数谓语均可:

There is [are] no good means. 没有好的方法。

Are [Is] there any other means of doing it? 做这事还有其他的什么办法吗?

5.“one and a half+复数名词”与“a+单数名词+and a half”作主语

此时国内不少书认为,这两个结构作主语,谓语均用单数。如:

One and a half months has passed. / A month and a half has passed. 已经过去了一个半月。

但是,国外一些词书则认为,谓语动词的数取决于这两个结构中名词的数:

One and a half months have passed. / A month and a half has passed. 已经过去了一个半月。

■“one of+名词复数”后面的定语从句,谓语动词应该用复数;而“the (only) one of + 名词复数”后面的定语从句的谓语应该用单数形式。如:

He is one of the students that have passed the exam 他是通过了考试的学生之一。

He is the (only) one of the students that has passed the exam. 他就是通过考试的那个学生。

■“a (the, this, that) kind /sort / type of + 名词”做主语,谓语用单数形式;但“these (those, all, many, some) kinds of + 名词”做主语,谓语则用复数形式。如:

This kind of book is useful for us. 这种书对我们很用。

Many kinds of shoes are on sale in that shop. 那个店里有许多种鞋出售。

注:“名词+ of a (the, this, that, these, those, all, some, many等) + kind(s) ”做主语,谓语动词的数与前面名词的数一致。如:

Book of this kind is useful for us. 这种书对我们有用。

Apples of these kinds are sour. 这种苹果是酸的。

这几道题的谓语用单数还是用复数

请看下面这一道题:

题一:The boys and the girls each _________ to do something different, which _________the teacher uneasy. A. want, make B. wants, makes C. want, makes D. wants, make

许多同学认为,each 表示“每个”,表单数意义,所以第一空填wants,第二空前的which 指前句所说的情况,表单数意义,所以第二空填makes,从而确定答案为B。该分析只对了一半,即第二空填makes 的分析是对的,而第一空填wants 的分析则不对。其实,此题的最佳答案为C,即第一空应填复数动词want,因为此句的主语the boys and the girls,而each 只是主语的同位语,按照英语语法,谓语应与其相应的主语保持一致(即所谓的主谓一致),而不是与主语的同位语保持一致。

题二:He speaks French _________ German, but his mother _________ is English.

A. as well as, language

B. as well as, tongue

C. so well as, language

D. so well as, tongue

答案选B,第一空应填as well as,表示“而且,还,和”,第二空格应填tongue,mother tongue 意为“母语”。许多同学想当然地认为“母语”是mother language,其实错了。英语中表示“母语”有三种常用的方法:native language,native tongue,mother tongue,但是习惯上却不说mother language。

题三:More than one student _________ read the novels, which _________ written by David. A. has, was B. have, were C. has, were D. have, was

【分析】此题容易误选B,其实最佳答案为C。more than one student (不止一个学生) 从形式上看是单数,但从意义上却是复数,它用作主语时,英语习惯上让其谓语与该主语的形式(而不是意义)保持一致,即用单数谓语。至于第二空要用复数,因为which 指的是novels,故谓语用were。

主谓一致和就近就远原则

创作编号: GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者:凤呜大王* 主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”,即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中: 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语:“there be+句型;or either...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;not only...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你,而是你的父亲该受责备。

(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了,他也错了。 2.在倒装句中,谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在远处,能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 非正式文体中: 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则;但语法上,“no one”才是主语,谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。总结:英语就近原则短语 1.There be句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. =Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. =Not only Ann’s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.

主谓一致和就近就远原则

主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”,即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中: 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语:“therebe+句型; oreither...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;notonly...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你,而是你的父亲该受责备。 (4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了,他也错了。 2.在倒装句中,谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and theshouts of the people. 在远处,能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。非正式文体中: 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则;但语法上,“noone”才是主语,谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。

总结:英语就近原则短语 1.Therebe句型 Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Notonly Ann’s parentsbut alsoshestays athome everySunday. 就远原则 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇:as well as;(together/along)with;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from例子:He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致 一、当主语后面与with,aswellas,but,except,like,ratherthan,no less than,besides,including等+名词或代词连用时,谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitinga museum when the earthquake struck. A.was B.were C.had been D.would be

(完整word版)主谓一致三个原则

Agreement between subject and verb 主谓一致主要有以下三个原则: 1、语法一致原则(5种情况) 2、意义一致原则(10种情况) 3、就近原则 语法一致原则 1.and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork ____on the table. 2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时,要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. I, who am a teacher, lack humor. 4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如:The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework. 意义一致原则 1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten. All of the apple ____rotten. 2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分数、百分比在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。 Half of the students _____finished their composition. Half of the water ____(pollute). 3. 集合名词作主语,强调整体谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, audience, team, government, group。 His family ____already________(move)to France. His family ____all music lovers. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 people指“民族”时是例外。 The police__________ searching for a thief. The cattle____________eating grass on the hill. 5. 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数,如someone ,somebody, something, anybody…等Someone is asking for you. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. 7.某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等,谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 8. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50. 9. 单复数同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful.。Not all means are useful. 10. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 就近原则 either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 应该注意的几个问题: 1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Between the two windows ________(hang)a picture. 2.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。 A large quantity of people __________needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Quantities of food (nuts)___________ on the table. 3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:One and a half bananas is left on the table.

主谓一致原则

一、主谓一致原则 语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 2. 由连接词and或both ... and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。 注意:(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:The writer and artist has come. (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an) 修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。 4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。 注意:(1)在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. (2)若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 5. 在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 注意:a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“……的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。

主谓一致(就近原则练习)01

笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)01 学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________ 一、单选题 1.There _______ a teacher and some students in the park. A.am B.is C.are D.be 2.Because of too much homework, neither you nor James _______ to the cinema to enjoy the fantastic movie named Ready Player One. A.goes B.doesn’t go C.don’t go D.go 3.There some soup and some hamburgers for you on the table. A.have B.has C.are D.is 4.Not only Ciqikou but Hongyadong ________ well-known to people around China now. A.is B.are C.was D.were 5.Here _______ some delicious apples. A.have B.has C.are D.is 6.There _____ some water in the bottle. A.are B.is C.isn’t D.aren’t 7.Not only his parents but also he ______ crazy about the foreign films. A.am B.is C.are D.be 8.There _____ a number of workers in this factory, and the number of them _____ increasing. A.is, is B.are, is C.is, are 9.---What's in your bag?---There ______a wallet, some books and a pen. A.is B.are C.has D.have 10.---______there______ orange in the fridge, Mum?---No. Only apple juice. A.Is;any B.Are;any C.Are;some D.Is;some 11.Not only his friends but also he _______ happy when they heard of the exciting news. A.is B.are C.was 12.Not only children but also my husband _____crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》 A.is B.are C.am D.be 13.Not only my friends but also I interested in playing basketball in our free time.

主谓一致知识点总结(word)

主谓一致知识点总结(word) 一、主谓一致 1.—Mum,____ofthe apples____gone bad. —We'd better eat up the rest as soon as possible. A.one third; have B.one thirds; have C.one third; has D.first three; has 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:-妈妈,三分之一的苹果已经坏了。-我们最好尽快吃了。在英语中的分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母要用复数形式。所以选A。 考点:考查分数及主谓一致。 2.Not only his friends but also he ________ always interested in science fiction. A.show B.shows C.are D.is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意:不仅他的朋友,而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。考查主谓一致。not only…but also连接两个主语的时候,谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定,即就近原则,所以此处要根据he来确定谓语动词的形式;因为后面是interested in,所以用be interested in“对…感兴趣”,所以谓语动词用is;故答案选D。 3. students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week. A.Two fifths; is B.Second fifths; are C.Second fifths; is D.Two fifths; are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意:我们班五分之二的学生打算下周去北京参加夏令营。 表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,因此五分之二的表达应该是two fifths,排除B,C;分数后面的名词为复数名词students,根据主谓一致的原则,只能用are,故答案选D。 【点睛】

主谓一致的几个原则

主谓一致的几个原则 Company number:【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】

英语语法:主谓一致的几个原则主谓一致有许多原则,概括起来不外乎三种一致原则,即语法形式一致,概念一致(语言内容 上一致),毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。 1. 语法形式一致 (1)单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。复数 主语,用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则 用复数形式。例如: 1) The performance was very funny. 2) Serving the people is my great happiness. 3) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce. 5) Both you and I are students. 6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 注1:在what 引导的主语从句中,如果主语补语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion. 注2:修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如: The performance of the first three clowns was very funny. (2)由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在 主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓 语动词仍然用单数形式。例如: 1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students. 注:有时在with结构里,加上both之后,with就具有and含义。例如: Grandpa Wang with his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park. (3)有些代词只能指单数可数名词,当它们在句子中作主语时,尽管在意义上是多数,谓语动词 仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如: 1) Neither likes the friends of the other. (两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。) 2) Everything around us is matter. (我们周围的所有东西都是物质。) (4)在neither of与either of的结构里,一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复 数形式,但在美国的TOEFL考试内要求用单数形式。例如:

主谓一致的三大原则

主谓一致的三大原则 一、语法一致原则 该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式,动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,动词用复数形式: Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。 The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。 Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。 The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。 A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。 二、意义一致原则 有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念,而不是其语法形式: This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。 Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。 The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。 Watch out! The police are coming. 当心,警察来了。 Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。 三、就近原则 有时,谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语: Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。

主谓一致的基本原则

. ... . . 主谓一致的基本原则主谓一致有以下三条原则:原则,即在语法形式上取得一致。例如,1)语法一致主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。This picture The students are very young.例如:looks beautiful.例如,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。意义一致原则,2)主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,数形式;谓语动词也采取单数形式。1.The people in that country are fighting for .independence 2.The crowd deeply respect their leader. .a long time3.Three years in a strange land seems ,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最3)就近原则靠近它的词语。例如:Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy.

Either ..or … 2.主谓一致的用法 根据以上三条原则,主谓一致有如下用法: .z . . . ... . . 1)下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语,谓语a.动词通常用单数形式。例如:.1.Two hundred miles is a long distance .2.Ten dollars is a high price for that book,,nothing,anythinganybody,no oneb.由anyone,,someone,everybody,everything,everyone等不定代词作主,neither,each,eithersomebody 语,谓语动词使用单数形式。例如:.1.Someone is knocking at the door2.Anything is better than going to the movie tonight.a portion of +,.c由“a series of,a kind of 名词”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。例如:A series of debates is scheduled to be

主谓一致的基本原则

主谓一致的基本原则 主谓一致有以下三条原则: 1)语法一致原则,即在语法形式上取得一致。例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。 例如:The students are very young.This picture looks beautiful. 2)意义一致原则,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式;而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,谓语动词也采取单数形式。 1.The people in that country are fighting for independence. 2.The crowd deeply respect their leader. 3.Three years in a strange land seems a long time.3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。例如: Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy. Either ..or … 2.主谓一致的用法 根据以上三条原则,主谓一致有如下用法:

1)下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式 a.表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如: 1.Two hundred miles is a long distance. 2.Ten dollars is a high price for that book.b.由anyone,anything,anybody,no one,nothing,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,each,either,neither等不定代词作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式。例如: 1.Someone is knocking at the door. 2.Anything is better than going to the movie tonight. c.由“a series of,a kind of,a portion of +名词”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。例如: A series of debates is scheduled to be held next week. d.由“many a,more than one +单数名词”作主语,尽管意义上表示复数,但谓语动词仍采用单数形式。例如: Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break. There is more than one answer to your question.

主谓一致三原则

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英语语法:主谓一致的几个原则 主谓一致有许多原则,概括起来不外乎三种一致原则,即语法形式一致,概念一致(语言内容上一致),毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。 1. 语法形式一致 (1) 单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形 式。复数主语,用and或both ??- and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。例如: 1) The performance was very funny. 2) Serving the people is my great happiness. 3) Whether we ' ll go depends on the weather. 4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce. 5) Both you and I are students. 6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 注1:在what引导的主语从句中,如果主语补语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion. 注2:修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如: The performance of the first three clowns was very funny. (2) 由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等弓I 起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响, 主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如: 1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students. 注:有时在with结构里,加上both之后,with就具有and含义。例如: Grandpa Wang with his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park. (3) 有些代词只能指单数可数名词,当它们在句子中作主语时,尽管在意义上是多数, 谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等。例如: 1) Neither likes the friends of the other.( 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。) 2) Everything around us is matter.( 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。)

18种名词做主语时的主谓一致原则

一、如果主语是不可数名词, 动名词, 不定式或从句的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Smoking is not a good habit. To live happily needs a lot of things. What I said is true. 二、如果由and 连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候, 用单数动词. The singer and songwriter is dead. The science and technology plays an important part in China. Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients. “War and Peace ” is the best book I have ever read. 如果由and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, manya /an, no 的时候用单数名词. Every boy and girl in the class works very hard. Each minute and second is valuable to us.

三、主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Jack with his family wants to go to China. He, as well as you, is very honest. No one but I is a student. Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident. The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible. 四、由some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词(sb,sth---) 和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing 做主语的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Each of you is cleverer than me. Neither student has passed the exam. Is anybody here 五、b oth, few, a few, several, many 的以及others 做主语

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