词汇结构题

词汇结构题
词汇结构题

对于15选10的题型,解题步骤有四步:

第一步:通读全文,特别是每个段落的首末句,迅速抓住文章的主题和中心。

第二步:对所给出的备选单词进行词性分类

第三步:根据上下文意思进行填空(结合样题详细讲解)

第四步:检查核对。

解决15选10题型的五大绝招:

1) 词性判断

2) 常用搭配

3) 内在逻辑

4) 感情色彩

5) 语法常识

下面,我就针对样题,并结合解题方法,命题特点进行全面剖析:

When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English. Edu cation soon became a __47__ "I couldn't u nderstand anything," he said. He__48__ from his teachers, came home in te ars, and thought abou t dropping out.

Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his__49 __ Spanish. "She helped me stay smart while teaching me English," he said. Given the chance to demonstrate his abil ity, he__50__ confidence and began to succeed in school.

Today, he is a__51__ d octor, runs his own clinic, and works with several hospitals. Every day, he uses the langu age and academic skills he__52__ through bilingual education to treat his patients.

Roberto's story is just one of__53__ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most__54 __ way both to teach children Englishand ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual stud ents__55__ou tperform their peers in monolingual programs. C alexico, Calif., implemented bilingual education, and now has d ropout rates that are less than half the state averageand college__56__rates of more than 90%. In El Paso, biling ual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the hig hest in the nation.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答:

A) wonder I) hid

B) acquired J) prominent

C) consistently K) decent

D) regained L) countless

E) nightmare M) recalled

F) native N) breakthrough

G) acceptance O) automatically

H) effective

解题思路与命题点剖析:

当考生通读完文章后,接着要对所给备选词汇进行词性分类:

名词:E) nightmare G) acceptance N) breakthrough A) wonder

形容词:J) prominent F) native L) countless K) decent H) effective

副词:C) consistently O) au tomatically

动词:B) acquired I) hid D) regained M) recalled

然后根据上下文的衔接,基本语法知识,固定搭配,词义感情色彩进行答题。

47) 根据基本语法常识判断,在该空前有一个冠词“ a” ,说明该空应该填一个名词,而且进一步推断,一定为可数名词并且是单数名词,然后我们就从刚才词性归类后的名词中进行寻找答案。由此可以进一步缩小范围,由15选1变成了4选1。我们根据上下文还可以看到,上一句提到Roberto Feliz只知道一些英语单词,而该空后面一句的意思是他说我不理解任何事情,由此可以判断出47空的名词感情色彩应该为负面或者说为贬义,由此缩小了包围圈,在这4个名词中,有贬义含义的只有E) nightmare,因此我们迅速锁定答案。

总结:该题目的考查重点为词性分类以及对上下文感情色彩的判断。

48) 首先根据语法常识判断,该空所填词的词性应该为动词,而细心的同学很快可以发现,在这个空后出现了an d这个词,表明这是一个平行结构,这个发现对于解这个题目非常重要,根据and前后的动词判断,此处也应该填动词的过去时,我们再进一步判断,该空后面句子的意思为“他回到家后就哭,而且想着辍学”,由此我们判断这个地方所填的动词的感情色彩也应该为贬义的,与该句后面并列结构的感情色彩应该一直,我们不难判断该空应该填I) hid。

总结:该题目的考查重点为平行结构以及句子所表达的感情色彩。

49) 首先根据基本语法常识来判断,该空所填的词应该是来修饰Spanish,所以我们判断该空应该填一个形容词。首先我们从词性这个角度缩小了范围,迈出了成功解题的第一步。接着,我们来看一下上下文的含义。上文提到Mrs。Malave是一位双语教师(a bilingual educator),当教他数学和科学的时候用…。。从这里我们可以看出,在49空前有

个in这个词,这是一个信号词:表示当这位双语老师在教数学和科学的时候用某种语言。再根据句意判断,我们不难得出答案,应该填F) native

总结:该题重点考查上下文的理解以及词性判断。

50。首先根据语法常识判断,该空应该填一个动词,与confidence构成动宾搭配。本题除了判断词性外,还有三个地方的提示给解题提供了信号,对解题至关重要。首先是given的理解,Given放句首,后跟名词或从句,然后再跟主句是固定句型,given充当介词使用,表示假设、假定、已知等意思。该句的意思为“假定给他一个展示他能力的机会的话” ; 其次是对于“and”的准确理解,and表示一个并列平行结构,后半句的意思是“在学校开始取得成功” 通过这句可以表明前半句的感情色彩也应该是褒义的; 最后,就是根据上下文意思的衔接来判断,文章第一段说到对于英语他几乎不懂,在学校躲着老师,在家就经常哭泣,总想着辍学,而语言对于他来说是一场nightmare(噩梦),由此可以判断他对学习英语失去了信心,而本句的后半句说他开始在学校取得成功,很明显这是重拾信心的表现。。综上,我们不难得出该空的答案为D) regained

总结:该题考查的重点为词性判断,上下文的理解,以及固定搭配(regain the confidence )。

51。根据语法判断,我们很容易断定这个空应该填一个形容词来修饰doctor这个名词。除此之外,解本题的关键还有一个小词,就是today这个词,这个词出现就说明文中隐含着时间对比的考点,对解题有间接的指导和提示作用,对于这种小词的准确含义的理解,考生绝对不能忽视。除了这个解线索之外,在这个空的后面句子的意思为“他开了自己的诊所,而且在许多家医院工作” 这足以说明他在事业上的成功。感情色彩为褒义色彩。再根据与doctor搭配的原则,很快就能在几个形容词中锁定答案为J) prominent。

总结:该题的考查重点为词性判断,上下文衔接以及句子感情色彩的判断。

52。这个题目的难度应该说比较小。根据语法知识判断,该空所填的应该是一个动词。除此之外,只要考生迅速发现所填的动词是与academic skills构成动宾搭配的话,这个空就迎刃而解了,很明显,根据句意:他用通过双语教学所学到的语言和获得的技能来治疗他的病人。很快判断出该空应该填B) acquired 。这个空的核心考点就是对固定搭配的掌握程度。

总结:本题所考查的重点是词性判断,特别是考生对固定搭配的掌握

53。这个题目的难度也不是很大。根据判断,该空所填的应该是一个形容词来修饰stories,而又根据one of

的意思来判断,R oberto's story只不过是众多成功故事中的一个,所以我们很快就能锁定答案L) countless 总结:本题重点考查词性判断,特别是上下文意思的理解。

54。本题的解题关键有两个。首先是根据语法常识来判断词性,该空应该填形容词来修饰way。其次根据整句话的意思来判断:本句的意思为“研究表明双语教学对于教孩子英语以及保证他们在学术上取得成功是一种( )的方法”。本段开头正好讲了R oberto's story成功的离子,双语教学给R oberto带来了成功。因此我们可以判断这个地方所填的形容词应该是褒义的,所以不难得出结论,应该填H) effective。

总结:本题除了继续考查词性判断外,更重要的是考查对上下文感情色彩的整体把握。

55。本题的难度比较小。根据语法常识判断,此处该填一个副词来修饰动词outperform,又根据句子的意思,很容易判断出应该填C) consistently(持续地,一直地)。

总结:本题考查的重点是词性判断以及句意理解。难度较小。

56。根据语法常识可以判断,本空应该填一个名词来与rates来搭配,构成词组。细心的同学又可以发现上文中出现了dropou t rates(辍学率),而本句又使用了比较级的手法,由此可见肯定为比较考点。通过常识判断,这里肯定填G) acceptance,与rates构成词组acceptance rate 表示入学率,与前面所提到的dropou t rates (辍学率)构成对比。这个题目的命制,再一次提醒考生上下文的衔接是相当重要,任何题目都不是孤立的,都是与上下文有联系的,

都可以在上下文中寻找到解题的线索。

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