英美文学名词解释

1 Blank verse

Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. It is used in some of the greatest English poetry, including that of Shakespeare and Milton.

2. Epic

A long narrative poem, typically a recounting of history or legend or of

the deeds of a national hero and of reflecting the values of the society

from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition

and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written

down. In British literary history, the national epic is Beowulf.

3. Metaphysical Poetry

The poetry of John Donne and other seventeenth-century poets who

wrote in a similar style. Metaphysical poetry is characterized by verbal

wit and excess, ingenious structure, irregular meter, colloquial language, elaborate imagery, and a drawing together of dissimilar ideas.

4. Alliteration

The repetition of the beginning accented syllables near to each other with

the same consonantal sound, as in many idiomatic phrases: “safe and sound”; “thick and thin”; “right as rain”. Alliterati on is thus the opposite

of rhyme, by which the similar sounds occur at the ends of the syllables.

5. Realism

A term used in literature and art to present life as it really is without sentimentalizing or idealizing it. Realistic writing often depicts the

everyday life and speech of ordinary people. This has led, sometimes to an emphasis on sordid details.

6. Sentimentalism

Sentimentalism originated in the 18th century, and was a direct reaction against the cold, hard commercialism and rationalism that h ad dominated people?s life since the last decades of the 17th century. Besides, it seemed to have appeared hand in hand with the rise of realistic English novel.

7. Humanism

Humanism refers to the main literary trend and is the keynote of English Renaissance. Humanists took interest in human life and human activities

and gave expression to the new feeling of admiration for human beauty,

human achievement.

8. Allegory

A story suggests another story. The first part of this word comes from the Greek allos, "other." An allegory is present in literature whenever it is clear that the author is saying, "By this I also mean that." In practice, allegory appears when a progression of events or images suggests a translation of them into conceptual language. Allegory is thus a technique of aligning imaginative constructs, mythological or poetic, with conceptual or moral models. During the Romantic era a distinction arose between allegory and symbol. With Coleridge, symbol took precedence: "an allegory is but a translation of abstract notions into

picture-language," but "a symbol always partakes of the reality which it makes intelligible."

9. Ballad

A narrative poem in short stanzas, with or without music. The term derives by way of French ballade from Latin ballare, "to dance," and once meant a simple song of any kind, lyric or narrative, especially one to accompany a dance. As ballads evolved, most lost their association with dance, although they kept their strong rhythms. Modern usage distinguishes three major kinds: the anonymous traditional ballad (popular ballad or folk ballad), transmitted orally; the broadside ballad, printed and sold on single sheets; and the literary ballad (or art ballad), a sophisticated imitation of the traditional ballad.

10. Characterization

The personality a character displays; also, the means by which a writer reveals that personality. Generally, a writer develops a character in one or more of the following ways: (1) through the character?s actions; (2) through the character?s thoughts and speeches; (3) through a physical description of the character; (4) through the opinions others have about the character; (5) through a direct statement about the character telling what the writer thinks of him or her.

11. Comedy

One of the typical literary structures originates as a form of drama and later extends into prose fiction and other genres as well. Comedy sorts pleasures in life. It pleases our egos and endows our dreams, stirring at once two opposing impulses, our vindictive lust for superiority and our wishful drive for success and happiness ever after.

12. Conceit

Any fanciful, ingenious expression or idea, especially one in the form of an extended metaphor.

13. Couplet

A pair of rhymed metrical lines, usually in iambic tetrameter or pentameter. Sometimes the two lines are of different length.

14. Elegy

Greek for "lament": a poem on death or on a serious loss; characteristically a sustained meditation expressing sorrow and, frequently, an explicit or implied consolation

15. Epigram: A short, witty, pointed statement often in the form of a poem.

16. Essay

A literary composition on a single subject; usually short, in prose, and non-exhaustive. The word derives from French essai "an attempt," first used in the modern sense by Michel de Montaigne, whose Essais (1580-1588) are classics of the genre. Francis Bacon's Essays (1597) brought the term and form to English.

17. Iambic Pentameter

A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, which each foot an iamb__ that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one. Iambic pentameter is the most common verse line in English poetry.

18. Ode

A long, stately lyric poem in stanzas of varied metrical pattern, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honor a person or a season or commemorate an event. Two famous odes are Percy Bysshe Shelley?s “ Ode to the West wind” and John Keats?s Ode on a Grecian Urn.”

19. Point of view

The vantage point from which a narrative is told. There are two basic points of view: first-person and third-person. In the first-person point of view, the story is told by one of the characters in his/her own words. The first-person point of view is limited, since the reader is told only what this character knows and observes.

In the third-person point of view, the narrator is not a character in the story. The narrator may be an omniscient, or “all-knowing,” observer who can describe and comment on all the characters and actions in the story. T

On the other hand, the third-person narrator might tell a story from the point of view of only one character in the story.

20. Romance

Any imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles between good characters and villains or monsters. Originally, the term referred to a medieval tale dealing with the loves and adventures of kings, queens, knights, and ladies, and including unlikely or supernatural happenings. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the best of the medieval romances.

21. Romanticism

A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. A Romantic work has one or more of the following characteristics: an emphasis on feeling and imagination; a love of nature; a belief in individual and common man; and interest in the past, the unusual, the unfamiliar, the bizarre or picturesque, a revolt against authority or tradition. It expresses the ideology and sentiment of the classes and strata that were dissatisfied with the development of capitalism. Some ideas of English Romanticism were expressed by the poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and some were showed by Shelley, Byron and Keats.

22. Satire

A kind of writing holds up to ridicule or contempt the weaknesses and wrongdoings of individuals, groups, institutions, or humanity in general. The aim of satirists is to set a moral standard for society, and they attempt to persuade the reader to see their point of view through the force of laughter.

23. Sonnet

A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter.

A sonnet generally expressed a scheme, but are generally of two types: the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet and the Elizabethan or Shakespearian or English sonnet. The Italian sonnet is a form that originated in Italy in the thirteenth century. The Italian sonnet has two parts, an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines). Its rhyme scheme is usually abbaabba, cde cde. The Italian sonnet is often called the Petrarchan sonnet.

The Shakespearian sonnet consists of three quatrains and a concluding couplet, with the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg.

A less important sonnet form is Spenserian sonnet. Its rhyme scheme is ababbcbccdcdee.

24. Spenserian stanza

A nine-line stanza with the following rhyme scheme: ababbcbcc. The first eight lines are written in iambic pentameter. The ninth line is written in

iambic hexameter. The Spenserian was invented by Edmund Spenser for

his epic poem the Faerie Queene.

25. Renaissance

It is a cultural movement of the rising bourgeoisie. The key word for it is humanism, which emphasizes the belief in human beings, his environment

and doings and his brave fight for the emancipation of man from the tyranny of the church and religious dogmas. It originally indicates a revival of classical arts and learning after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism. Its aim is to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval

time and introduce new ideas that express the interests of the rising bourgeoisie. Shakespeare, Spenser, and Marlowe are all famous literary figures in this period.

26. Enlightenment

Enlightenment is a progressive intellectual movement, which swept over England and other lands in Western Europe in the 18th century. It is the expression of struggle of the then progressive bourgeoisie against feudalism. The Enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudice and other survivals of feudalism. They welcome religious intolerance, fiercely attack the church power, called on the development of science and technology and freedom of politics and academic thinking, having the greatest esteem for reason which they believed, should be the only basis of one?s thinking and actio n.

27. Fable

(1) A short, allegorical story in verse or prose, frequently of animals,

told to illustrate a moral. (2) The story line or plot of a narrative or drama. (3) Loosely, any legendary or fabulous account.

28. Foot

The metrical unit; in English, an accented syllable with accompanying

light syllable or syllables.

29. Free Verse: Poetry free of traditional metrical and stanzaic pattern

30. Novel

The extended prose fiction that arose in the 18th century to become a major literary expression of the modern world. The term comes from the Italian novella, the short "new" tale of intrigue and moral comeuppance

most eminently disseminated by Boccaccio's Decameron (1348-1353). The terms novel and romance, from the French roman, competed interchangeably for most of the 18th century.

31. Rhyme

(sometimes Rime, an older spelling) The effect created by matching sounds at the ends of words. The functions of rhyme are essentially four: pleasurable, mnemonic, structural, and rhetorical. Like meter and figurative language, rhyme provides a pleasure derived from fulfillment

of a basic human desire to see similarity in dissimilarity, likeness with a difference.

32. Tragedy

Fundamentally, a serious fiction involves the downfall of a hero or heroine. It is a literary form, a basic mode of drama. Tragedy often involves the theme of isolation, in which a hero, a character of greater

than ordinary human importance, becomes isolated from the community.

Then there is the theme of the violation and reestablishment of order, in which the neutralizing of the violent act may take the form of revenge. Finally, a character may embody a passion too great for the cosmic order

to tolerate.

33. Neo-classicism

It was a reaction against the intricacy and occasional obscurity, boldness and the extravagance of European literature of the late Renaissance, as seen for instance, in the works of the metaphysical, in favor of simplicity, clarity and good sense.

In England, neo-classicism was initiated by Dryden, culminated in Pope and continued by Johnson.

Those writers were considered neoclassic because they modeled themselves on classical Greek and Latin authors in order to achieve perfect form in literature. The general tendency of neoclassical literature was to look at social and political life critically, to emphasize intellect rather than imagination, the form rather than the content of a sentence.

Choose one or more than one suitable answers to each statement.

1. _____ was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.

a. Thomas Wyatt

b. William Shakespeare

c. Phillip Sidney

d. Thomas Campion

2. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English

Drama. It was _______ who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.

a. Christopher Marlowe

b. Thomas Loge

c. Edmund Spenser

d. Thomas More

3. Great popularity was won by John Lyly?s prose romance_______ which

gave rise to the term “euphuism”, designa ting an effected style of court speech.

a. Arcadia

b. Venus and Adonis.

c. Eupheus

d. Lucrece

4. At the beginning the 16th century the outstanding humanist_____ wrote

his Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people?s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.

a. Christopher Marlowe

b. Thomas More

c. Phillip Sidney

d. Edmund Spencer

5. English absolute monarchy was once again adopted in the reign of ________after the Queen Elizabeth.

a. Edward VI

b. James I

c. Charles I

d. Queen Ann

6. Renaissance Period was an age of ____ .

a. prose and novel

b. poetry and drama

c. essays and journals

d. ballads and songs

7. Choose the “University Wits” from the following writers.

a. John Lyly

b. Robert Greene

c. Christopher Marlowe

d. Shakespeare

8. “Shall I compare thee to a summer?s day?” This li ne is taken from one of Shakespeare?s____________.

a. Sonnet 18

b. the tragedy King Lear

c. a long poem Venus and Adonis

d. the comedy As You Like It

9. Sidney is well known as a poet and a critic of poetry. He is known mainly for his three principal works. They are _______.

a. Arcadia

b. Apology for Poetry

c. Of Truth

d. Astrophel and Stella

10. From the following choose the one______ that is not by Francis Bacon.

a. The Advancement of Learning

b. The New Instrument

c. Of Studies

d. The rape of the Lock

11. Elizabethan poetry is remarkable. England then became “a nest of singing

birds”. The famous poet of that period was_______.

a. Edmund Spenser

b. Thomas Kyd

c. Earl of Surry

d. Thomas More

12. Which play is not a comedy?

a. The Jew of Malta

b. Every One in His Humor

c. A Midsummer Night’s Dream

d. Much Ado about Nothing

13. The Tragic History of D octor Faustus is one of ______ …s best plays.

a. Shakespeare

b. Thomas Kyd

c. Ben Jonson

d. Christopher Marlowe

14. The name “the father of English poetry” was given to the greatest poet

born in London about 1340 and the one who did much in making the dialect of London (Midland dialect the language of the court, the learned and the well-to do) the foundation for modern English language.

a. Shakespeare

b. Spenser

c. Philip Sidney

d. Chaucer

15. The basic note of Chaucer?s style is_______.

a. the fusion of humor and genial satire

b. the fusion of irony with

sarcasm

c. the fusion of humor with epigrams

d. the fusion of humor with

irony

16. _____was the first buried i n the Poet?s Corner of Westminster Abby.

a. Southy

b. Francis Bacon

c. Shakespeare

d. Chaucer

17. The second period of Chaucer?s literary career includes mainly the three

longer poems written prior to The Canterbury Tales. Choose the one from the following.

a. The legend of Good women

b. The Book of the Duches

c. The Rape of Lucrece

d. The Romaunt of the Rose

18. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the _______.

a. plays

b. romance

c. essays

d. masques

19．Piers the Plowman written by William Langland is in the form of ______

a. allegory and medieval dream vision

b. drama

c. satirical novel

d. sentimental novel

20．The Vicar of Wakefield is a ______.

a. literary biography

b. an essay

c. realistic novel

d. sentimental novel

21．Songs of Innocence is a_______.

a. sequence of lyrics

b. epic

c. set of allegories

d. set of ballads

22. Macbeth by Shakespeare is a ______.

a. tragedy

b. comedy

c. tragicomedy

d. historical play

23. Robinson Crusoe is a _________.

a. Historical novel

b. satirical novel

c. realistic novel

d. allegorical novel

24. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a _____.

a. travel book

b. romance in verse

c. romance in prose

d. narrative poem

25. Beowulf is the most important and the first epic in the Old English ever

written. It was written in _______.

a. sonnets

b. ballads

c. alliteration

d. heroic couplet

26. Paradise Lost is a (n)________.

a. lyrical poem

b. hymn

c. epic

d. narrative poem

27. Pamela is a___________.

a. historical novel

b. romance

b. novel of naturalism d. novel of epistles and psychology

28. Gulliver’s Travels is a ________.

a. sentimental novel

b. novel of satire and allegory

c. Gothic novel

d. novel of stream of consciousness

29. I Wandered lonely as a Cloud is a ________.

a. lyrical poem

b. lyrical prose

c. romance in prose

d. sonnet

30. The School of Scandal is a ______.

a. tragedy

b. comedy of manners

c. novel

d. romance

31. The Merry Wives of Windsor is a ______.

a. comedy

b. tragedy

c. historical play

d. morality play

32. A Red, Red Rose is a______.

a. lyric

b. satirical poem

c. epic d ode

34．The title of “Poet?s poet” is given to the writer of the following work _______.

a. Death Be Not Proud

b. Venus and Adonis

c. Romeo and Juliet

d. The Faerie Queen

35. The Merchant of Venice belongs to Shakespearian plays of_______.

a. comedy

b. sequence of sonnets

c. tragedy

d. historical play

36. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to write in______ after

the Norman conquest.

a. French

b. Latin

c. English

d. Celt

37. “He was not of an age, but for all the time”. “He” here re fers to _____.

a. Shakespeare

b. Chaucer

c. John Milton

d. Ben Jonson

38. The father of the school of Metaphysical poets is _______.

a. Thomas More

b. Spenser

c. John Donne

d. Wyatt

39. The most important prose writer of Elizabethan Age was _______, who was

also the founder of the English materialistic philosophy.

a. Thomas More

b. Spenser

c. John Donne

d. Francis Bacon

40. The culmination of all Renaissance translation is ________.

a. King James Bible

b. New Instrument

c. Of Study

d. The Reason of Church Government

41. Donne?s poetry is full of metaphors, original images, wit and______, except

ingenuity, dexterous use of colloquial speech, considerable flexibility of rhythm and meter, complex themes and caustic humor.

a. conceits

b. Petrarchen images

c. rhetorics

d. brevity

42. The Cavaliers mostly dealt in short songs on the flitting joys of the day, but

underneath their light-heartedness lies some foreboding of _____ to enjoy the present day. This is typical of pessimism and cynicism.

a. philosophical thought

b. impending doom

c. intellectual idea

d. expecting happiness.

43. Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes were the poems written by

_______.

a. Milton

b. William Shakespeare

c. Ben Jonson

d. Marlowe

44. In Paradise Lost the author eulogizes the spirit of ______ that is though lost,

but the ______cannot be conquered, and the pursuit of revenge, immortal hate towards god will never be overcome.

a. pessimism, knowledge

b. optimism, ideal

c. rebellion, will

d. cynicism, concept

45. Blank verse was first used by ______ as the principle instrument of English

drama.

a. the Earl of Surry

b. Christopher Marlowe

c. Samuel Johnson

d. Shakespeare

46. The Medieval Drama includes all the following except _________.

a. miracle plays

b. morality plays

c. tragedies

d. interludes

47. The theme of the sonnet Death Be Not Proud is that ________.

a. death is predestined

b. death is the most dreadful thing

c. death you are nothing to be feared

d. death is gentle towards me

48. Sir Gawain and the Green Night is usually considered the summit

in__________ in romance.

a. Matters of Britain

b. Matters of France

c. Matters of Italy

d. Matters of Greece

49. “To be, or not to be: that is the question:

Whether …tis nobler in the mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune

Or to take arms against a sea of trouble,

And by opposing end t hem...” are the famous lines in Hamlet which expresses the Hamlet?s--------- character.

a.. resolute

b. resolute and hesitant

c. stubborn

d. indecisive and hesitant

50. In the 17th century, especially during the period of military dictatorship there

appeared some changes in literature. Some new genres replaced the old ones.

Among the old ones, _______ was (were) the most prominent one.

a. essays

b. sonnets

c. novels

d. drama

51. In the poem, “Beowulf” “repairs in haste” means _______.

a. escape

b. come

c. go

d. stay

52. Protestants refers to all the religious sects except ________.

a. Church of England

b. Puritanism

c. Calvinism

d. Catholicism

53. Though Beowulf was introduced by Angles, the events and _____ are Scandinavian.

a. belief

b. characters

c. idea

d. God

54. In 1066, ___ led the Norman army to invade and defeat England.

a. William the conqueror

b. Julius Caesar

c. Alfred the Great

d. Claudius

55. In the 14th century, the most important writer is ______.

a. Langland

b.Wyclif

c. Gower

d. Chaucer

56. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the ______.

a. epic

b. mystery play

c. romance

d. sonnet

57. The story of “_______” is written in the culmination of the Arthurian romances.

a. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

b. Beowulf

c. Piers the Plowman

d. The Canterbury Tales

58.William Langland’s “________” is written in the form of a dream vision.

a. Kubla Khan

b. Piers the Plowman

c. The Dream of John Bull

d. Morte d’ Arthur

59. In 1649, ______ was beheaded. English became a commonwealth.

a. James I

b. James II

c. Charles I

d. Charles II

60. The Revolution of 1688 meant three of the following things:_______,_______,________.

a. the supremacy of Parliament

b. the beginning of modern England

c. the triumph of the principle of political liberty

d. the Restoration of monarchy

61. Who of the following were the important metaphysical poets?

a. John Donne

b. George Herbert

c. John Milton

d. Richard Lovelace

62. Milton wrote a number of pamphlets defending the English People. Choose them from the following.

a. Defense of the English People

b. Second Defense of the English People

c. L? Allegro

d. II Penseroso

63. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 marked the beginning of a (n)_________.

a. absolute monarchy b, constitutional monarchy

c. military dictatorship

d. democratic system

64.Paradise Lost is ________.

a. Marvells masterpiece

b. a great epic in 12 books

c. written in blank verse

d. about Satan?s revolt against God?s

authority

65. Milton is __________.

a. a great revolutionary poet of the 17th century

b. an outstanding political pamphleteer

c. a great stylist

d. a great master of blank verse

66. Of many contemporaries and successors of Shakespeare, the most

important and well known was ______who became the Poet Laureate in 1616.

a. John Dryden

b. Samuel Johnson

c. Ben Jonson

d. Robert Southy

67. John Milton was_______.

a. blind in his later life

b. a Cavalier poet

c. the author of Samson Agoniestes

d. a metaphysical poet

68. Which were not written by John Milton ?

a. Song to Celia

b. II Penseroso

c. Lycidas

d. As You Like it

69. In his blindness, Milton wrote his most important poetic works , such as ______.

a. Paradise Lost

b. Samson Agonistes

c. The L?Allegro

d. Song to Celia

70. The main literary form of seventeenth century was poetry. Among the

poets, _______was the greatest.

a. Milton

b. Bunyan

c. the Metaphysical poets

d. the Cavalier poets

71. Choose the poets who belong to the Cavalier group.

a. Sir John Suckling

b. Richard Lovelace

c. Thomas Carew

d. George Herbert

72. ________ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout western

Europe in the 18th century.

a. The Renaissance

b. The Enlightenment

c. The Religious Reformation

d. The Chartist Movement

73. Most of the English writers in the 18th century were Enlighteners. They

fell into two groups, one is_______, and the other is_________.

b. a. the moderate group, the radical group

c. b. the lake poets, the younger generation

d. c. the Metaphysical poets, the cavalier poets

74. The 18th century was an age of prose. A group of excellent prose writers,

such as ____, were produced.

a. Addison

b. Steele

c. Smallet

d. Fielding

75. In the 18th century, satire was much used in writing, and English literature

of this age produced some excellent satirists, such as ______.

a. Pope

b. Swift

c. Defoe

d. Blake

76. The main literary stream of the 18th century was ______.

a. naturalism

b. romanticism

c. neo-classicism

d. sentimentalism

78. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of pre-romanticism were________.

a. Alexander Pope

b. William Blake

c. Robert Burns

d. Jonathan Swift

79. In the 18th century English literature, the representative writers of realism were _______.

a. Richardson

b. Fielding

c. Smollett

d. Goldsmith

80. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political

parties, ________, which were satirized by Swift in his Gulliver’s Travels.

a. the Wigs and the Tories

b. the Senate and the House of Representatives

c. the Upper House and Lower House

d. the House of Lords and the House of Commons

81. _______found its representative writers in the field of poetry, such as

Young and Gray, but it manifested itself in the novels of Sterne and Goldsmith.

a. Pre-romanticism

b. Romanticism

82. During the reign of reason the Enlightenment meant education of people to

free them from all the unreasonable fetters, which include_______.

a. theology

b. theocracy

c. conventional ideology

d. all of the above

83. In the early 18th century English writers of the neo-classic school were_______.

a. Pope

b. Addition

c. Steele

d. Goldsmith

84. “___________”, written in heroic couplet by Pope, was a manifesto of

English neo-classicism as Pope put forward his aesthetic theories in it.

a. An Essay of Dramatic Poesy

b. An Essay on Criticism

c. The Advance of Learning

d. An Essay on Criticism

85. Which are Pope?s works?

a. An Essay on Criticism

b. An Essay on Man

c. The Rape of the Lock

d. The Rape of Lucrece

86. _______was Pope?s poem which satirized the idle an d artificial life of the

aristocracy.

a. The Rape of the Lock

b. The Rape of Lucrece

c. The School for Scandal

d. Every Man in His Humor

87. In the middle decades of the 18th century, _____ became the leader of the neo-classic school in English poetry and prose.

a. Pope

b. Samuel Johnson

c. Robert Burns

d. William Blake

88. Which two periodicals were Steele and Addison?s chief contribution to English literature.

a. “The Tatler” and “The Spectator”

b. “The Rambler” and “The

Spectator”

c. “The Tatler” and “The Review”

d. “The Spectator” and “The

Review”

89. _______compiled “The Dictionary of the English language” which

became the foundation of all the subsequent English Dictionaries.

a. Ben Jonson

b. Samuel Johnson

c. Alexander Pope

d. John Dryden

90. Choose Samuel Johnson?s works from the following.

a. Lives of the Poets

b. The Dictionary of the English

Language

c. Every Man in His Humor

d. An Essay on Criticism

91. Choose the representative poets of pre-romanticism in the 18th century and the forerunners of romanticism.

a. Thomas Gray

b. Edward Young

c. William Blake

d. Robert Burns

92. Sentimentalism in the 18th century English literature found its fine

expression in poetry and novels. Which poems or novels belong to sentimentalism?

a. Night Thoughts

b. Elegy Written in a Country

Churchyard

c. A sentimental Journey

d. A Tale of Tub

93. In the last twenty years of the 18th century, England produced two great romantic poets. They are _____.

a. Johnson and Blake

b. Gray and Young

c. Pope and Goldsmith

d. Blake and Burns

94. The two great realistic novelists of the 18th century are ______.

a. Defoe

b. Swift

c. Fielding

d. Smollett

95. Henry Fielding was a versatile man. He was_______.

a. a novelist

b. a dramatist

c. an essayist

d. a political pamphleteer

96. Choose the long novels written by Henry fielding.

a.J oseph Andrews

b.The Life of Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great

c.The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling

d.Pamela

97. ________ is a satirical novel, in which the author Fielding exposes the

English aristocratic society and mocks at its political system.

a. A Modest Proposal

b. Gulliver’s Travels

c. V olpone

d. Jonathan Wild the Great

98. Three of the following novels are Smollett?s picaresque novels. Choose them out .

a. The Adventure of Roderick Random

b. The Adventure of Peregrine

Pickle

c. The Expedition of Humphery Clinker D. Gulliver’s Travels

99. In the field of prose fiction of the 18th century, sentimentalism had its fine

expression. Choose sentimental novelists from the following.

a. Jonathan Swift

b. Daniel Defoe

c. Samuel Richardson

d. Oliver Goldsmith

102. Oliver Goldsmith was a versatile writer. Today he is chiefly remembered for his four main works. Which are they?

a. The Vicar of Wakefield

b. The Deserted Village

c. She Stoops to Conquer

d. The Citizen Of The World

e. Clarissa

103. Among the following which are Sheridan?s comedies?

a. The Rivals

b. The School of Scandal

c. She Stoops to Conquer

d. V olpone

104. Who was the greatest dramatist in the 18th century?

a. Goldsmith

b. Sheridan

c. Sterne

d. Fielding

105. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?

a. She Stoops to Conquer

b. The Rivals

c. The School for Scandal

d. The Conscious Lovers 106. Chaucer was the first important poet of royal court to write in ______ after the Norman Conquest.

a. French

b. Latin

c. English

d. Greek

107. Shylock is a character in the play _______.

a. Tamburlain written by Marlowe

b. Othello written by Shakespeare

c. The Jew of Malta written by Marlowe

d. The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare

108. “To err, is human, to forgive, divine” and “A little learning

is a dangerous thing.” are taken from the poems written by ______.

a. John Milton

b. Francis Bacon

c. William Shakespeare

d. Alexander Pope

109. John Dryden was an English _______.

a. poet and dramatist

b. novelist and poet

c. dramatist and essayist

d. pamphleteer and poet

110. The Deserted Village is a ___________.

a. sentimental poem

b. romantic poem

c. neo-classical poem

d. allegorical poem