英语句子成分分析相关练习
英语句子成分分析相关练习
分析下列句子的句子结构
1. we are working.。
2. I can swim very well.
3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.
4. Why does the wind blow?
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.
6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.
8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.
9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.
10. He gave his son some advice on reading.
11. Read me the first paragraph.
12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.
13. He began leaning English ten years ago.
14. My being late worried my teacher.
15. The president himself would visit our school.
16. April fool’ Day is the special day of the year
17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.
18. I got it back at once.
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.
20. The telephone rang.
21. We study hard.
22. His father might have died.
23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed
24. Can you make the dog stand still?
25. The landlord had them working day and night.
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.
27. We all breathe, eat, and drink.
28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning.
29. The book weighs five kilos.
30. They will be flying to London.
1. We are working.主系表
2. I can swim very well.主谓
3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.主谓双宾/主谓宾状
4. Why does the wind blow?
风为什么会吹？主谓
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.
雨已经下了一整天了。主谓
6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.主谓宾
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.主谓宾补
8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.主谓宾补
9. I have a lot of clothes to wash. 主谓宾，to wash做clothes的定语
10. He gave his son some advice on reading.主谓双宾
11. Read me the first paragraph.主谓双宾
12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.主谓双宾/主谓宾状
13. He began leaning English ten years ago.主谓宾
14. My being late worried my teacher.
我的迟到让我的老师很担心。主谓宾，动名词短语My being late做主语15. The president himself would visit our school.
总统将亲自参观我们的学校。主谓宾
16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year
愚人节是一年中很特别的一天。主系表
17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.
他通常在午饭之后要小睡一会儿。主谓宾
18. I got it back at once.主谓宾
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.
他吃完午饭后去了花园。主+并列谓语
20. The telephone rang.主谓
21. We study hard.主谓
22. His father might have died.
他的父亲可能已经去世了。主谓
23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed?
你要把门开着？主谓宾补
24. Can you make the dog stand still?
你能让那只狗站着不动吗？主谓宾补
25. The landlord had them working day and night.
地主让他们整天工作，主谓宾补
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.
扎实的语法知识对于写作是重要的。主系表
27. We all breathe, eat， and drink.
我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。主谓
28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning。
我在早上6点钟起床。主谓
29. The book weighs five kilos.
那本书重达10斤。主谓，five kilos做状语
30. They will be flying to London.
他们将飞往伦敦。主谓宾
综合练习二
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.
32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.
33. Please pass a newly- published to me.
34. He lived in Guang Zhou.
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.
36. His uncle left him some money.
37. She has taught us English for 3 years.
38. I like popular music.
39. She knows what to do next.
40. I hate arriving late.
41. The meeting starts at three.
42. My heart is beating loudly.
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.
44. He told me the news by telephone.
45. There are many people in the room.
46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.
47. I have a new sweater.
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.
49. Trees turn green in spring.
50. He wants to be a doctor.
51. He refused to help me.
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.
综合练习二答案
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me. 那个店员为我找到一些材料。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.
他许诺说要给我一本新英汉字典。主谓双宾
33. Please pass a newly- published to me.
请递给我一本新出版的。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
34. He lived in Guang Zhou.
他住在广州。主谓宾
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.
那位父亲正在给那个男孩演示怎么种树。主谓双宾36. His uncle left him some money.
他的叔叔留给了他一些钱。主谓双宾
37. She has taught us English for 3 years.
她已经教我们英语三年了。主谓双宾
38. I like popular music.
我喜欢流行音乐。主谓宾
39. She knows what to do next.
她知道下一步怎么做。主谓双宾
40. I hate arriving late.
我讨厌来晚。主谓双宾
41. The meeting starts at three.
会议在三点开始。主谓
42. My heart is beating loudly.
我的心跳的很厉害。主谓
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.
汤姆的生日是在两星期之后。主系表
44. He told me the news by telephone.
他是通过电话告诉我那个消息的。主谓双宾
45. There are many people in the room.
房间里有很多人。There be句型
46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.
他和他的哥哥不一样高。主系表
47. I have a new sweater.
我有一件新运动衣。主谓宾
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.
现在去学一们外语是非常重要的。主系表
49. Trees turn green in spring.
树木在春天变成绿色。主系表
50. He wants to be a doctor.
他要成为一个医生。主谓宾
51. He refused to help me.
他拒绝帮助我。主谓宾
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.
我的老师建议我每天读英语。主谓宾补
综合练习三
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
61.The girl is about ten years old．
62 .was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening．
63.My mother told me an interesting story．
64.The summer holidays will begin next week．
65.There was a strong wind．
66.One of the windows is broken．
67.I heard him singing in the room．
68. The students got on the school bus.
69. He handed me the newspaper.
70. I shall answer your question after class.
71. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
72. They went hunting together early in the morning.
73. His job is to train swimmers.
74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
75. There is going to be an American film tonight.
76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
77. His wish is to become a scientist.
78. He managed to finish the work in time.
79. Tom came to ask me for advice.
80. He found it important to master English.
81. Do you have anything else to say?
82. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.
83. Would you please tell me your address?
84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
86. He noticed a man enter the room.
87. The apples tasted sweet.
88. The sun was shining.
89. The moon rose.
90. The universe remains
综合练习三答案
61.The girl is about ten years old．
那个女孩大约十岁了。主系表
62. I was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening．昨天晚上9点钟我正在做我的家庭作业。主谓宾
63.My mother told me an interesting story．
我妈妈给我讲了一个有趣的故事。主谓双宾
64.The summer holidays will begin next week．
暑假将会在下周开始。主谓
65.There was a strong wind．
风真大呀！There be句型
66.One of the windows is broken．
有一扇窗户打破了。主谓
67.I heard him singing in the room．
我听到他在房间正在唱歌。主谓宾补
68. The students got on the school bus.
学生们登上校车。主谓宾
69. He handed me the newspaper.
他递给我那张报纸。主谓双宾
70. I shall answer your question after class.
下课后我将回答你的问题。主谓宾
71. He asked me to come back soon.
他要我早点回来。主谓宾补
72. They went hunting together early in the morning.
早上很早他们就一起去打猎。主谓
73. His job is to train swimmers.
他的工作是训练游泳者。主系表
74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
他们在北京拍了许多宫殿的照片。主谓宾
75. There is going to be an American film tonight.
今天晚上将有一场美国电影。There be句型
76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
他明天要去上海。主系表
77. His wish is to become a scientist.
他的愿望是成为一名科学家。主系表
78. He managed to finish the work in time.
他下定决心要及时完成那项工作。主谓宾
79. Tom came to ask me for advice.
汤姆来找我寻求建议。主谓，to ask me for advice做目的状语80. He found it important to master English.
他发现掌握英语非常重要。主谓宾补
81. Do you have anything else to say?
你还有别的要说的吗？主谓宾，to say做anything else定语82. To be honest， your pronunciation is not so good.
老实说，你的发音不太好。主系表
83. Would you please tell me your address?
你能告诉我你的地址吗？主谓双宾
84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
他坐在那儿读着报纸。主谓，reading a newspaper
做伴随状语，there做地点状语
85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
保持我们教室的干净和整洁是我们的职责。主系表
86. He noticed a man enter the room.
他注意到一个人进了房间。主谓宾补
87. The apples tasted sweet.
那些苹果尝起来很甜。主系表
88. The sun was shining.
太阳在照耀着。主谓
89. The moon rose.
月亮升起了。主谓
90. The universe remains.
宇宙长存。主谓
综合练习四
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.
92. The dinner smells good.
93. He fell in love.
94. Who knows the answer?
95. She smiled her thanks.
96. He has refused to help them.
97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.
98. He brought you a dictionary.
99. They appointed him manager.
100. They painted the door green.
101. This set them thinking.
102. We all breathe, eat, and drink.
103. Who cares?
104. What he said does not matter.
105. Everything looks different.
106. He is growing tall and strong.
107. They are short of money.
108. He enjoys reading.
109. He said "Good morning."
110. I showed him my pictures.
111. I gave my car a wash.
112. They found the house deserted.
113. What makes him think so?
114. We saw him out.
115. They talked for half an hour.
116. The pen writes smoothly
117. Our well has gone dry.
118. His face turned │red.
119. I want to have a cup of tea.
120. He was mistaken.
121. He showed me how to run the machine.
122. He asked me to come back soon.
123. I saw them getting on the bus.
综合练习四答案
分析下列句子的句子结构
91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.
这是本英汉辞典。主系表
92. The dinner smells good.
午餐的气味很好。主系表
93. He fell in love.
他堕入了情网。主系表
94. Who knows the answer?
谁知道答案？主谓宾
95. She smiled her thanks.
她微笑表示感谢。主谓宾。Smile在这里做及物动词，表示：以微笑表示……
96. He has refused to help them.
他拒绝帮他们的忙。主谓宾
97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。主谓双宾
98. He brought you a dictionary.
他给你带来了一本字典。主谓双宾
99. They appointed him manager.
他们任命他当经理。主谓宾补
100. They painted the door green.
他们把门漆成绿色。主谓宾补
101. This set them thinking.
这使得他们要细想一想。主谓宾补
102. I saw them getting on the bus.
我看到他们登上汽车。主谓宾补
103. Who cares?
管它呢？主谓
104. It doesn’t matter.
没关系。主谓
105. Everything looks different.
一切看来都不同了。主系表
106. He grows tall and strong.
他长得又高又壮。主系表。
107. They are short of money.
他们缺少钱。主谓宾，be short of做谓语108. He enjoys reading.
他喜欢看书。主谓宾
109. He said "Good morning."
他说：“早上好！”主谓宾
110. I showed him my pictures.
我给他看我的照片。主谓双宾
111. I gave my car a wash.
我洗了我的汽车。主谓双宾
112. They found the house deserted.
他们发现那房子无人居住。主谓宾补113. What makes him think so?
他怎么会这样想？主谓宾补
114. We saw him out.
我们送他出去。主谓宾补
115. They talked for half an hour.
他们谈了半个小时。主谓
116. The pen writes smoothly
这支笔书写流利。主谓
117. Our well has gone dry.
我们的井干枯了。主系表
118. His face turned red.
他的脸红了。主系表
119. I want to have a cup of tea.
我想喝杯茶。主谓宾
120. He was mistaken.
他犯了错误。主系表
121. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。主谓双宾
划分句子成分划分英语句子成分经典练习
划分句子成分练习 练习1.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。 1）Tree s turns green when spring comes. 2）The old man was feeling very tired. 3）His job is to train swimmers. 4）Where he was buried remained unknown. 5）What he said proved true. 6）We must keep quiet. 7）The shop stayed open until eleven. 8）She appeared younger than she really was. 9）His face went red. 10）He fell ill last week. 11）The cake I ate yesterday taste delicious. 从上面我们可以看出，常见的系动词有，_____、_____、______、______、______、_____、_______、________等，它们下面一般跟________词作表语。 练习 2.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。口译，体会it的替代性用法。 1）It is very plain to me that he is round and tall like a tree. 2）It is a fact that English is being accepted as an
international language. 3）It worried her a bit than her hair was turning grey. 4）The chairman thought it necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. 5）She made it her duty to look after all the other people’s affaires in that town. 6）I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. 7）He made it known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics. 8）I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it. 从上面我们可以看出，作形式主语和宾语一般用代词______,真正的主语或宾语通常是________或__________，放在下面。 练习 3. 分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。口译，留意定语是什么词性或结构充当，并留意定语的位置。 1）Comrades in her group often help her with grammar. 2）The women on the left are making shirts for the neighbors. 3）The letter on the desk is for Mr. Wu.
高中英语句子成分分析_直接打印版
句子成分及基本句型(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻 Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│Ｐ 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。 There be 结构：There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。 此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’ 试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。
高中英语句子成分分析讲义+练习-3.11
句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻
英语句子成分分析复习课程
英语句子成分分析
句子成分（Sentence Members） 句子成分和结构是英语的基础，是理解和表达英语的关键。英语中许多词类都对句子成分和结构有影响。英语中的句子是由词或短语组成的，这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用，叫做句子成分。英语的篇章是由句子构成的，不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型。学习英语句法的基础是了解句子成分、句子的基本结构和句子种类。在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。 （一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：（1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语） （2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语） （3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语） （4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语） （5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语） 练一练：指出下例句中主语的中心词。 1).The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. 2).There is an old man coming here. 3).The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. 4).To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. （二）谓语 说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样” 。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。 如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语） We study hard. （行为动词作谓语） We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语） He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语） 练一练：选出句中谓语的中心词。 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
高考英语句子成分分析报告
Part1英语句子成分 一、词类 英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二、句子成分 1.主语：是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。如：
The car is running fast. / The girl can sing many English songs.(名词) We are students. / This is my pen . Yours is on the desk.(代词) One of my classmates is from Shanghai. / Two and three is five.(数词) The blind need more help.(名词化的形容词) It's bad manners to spit in public. (不定式) Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。 练一练：指出下例句中主语的中心词。 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 2.谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。如： 由单一动词作谓语：We are Chinese. / He has an English- Chinese dictionary. 情态动词加主要动词：We can play the piano. / You must see the doctor. 助动词加主要动词构成谓语：She is talking with her sister. / I have seen this man before.
英语句子成分及结构
英语句子成分及结构 （一）句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 （二）主语： 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语： 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词VL之后。系动词大致可分为三类：1.be动词类 2.感官类feel / taste / smell / sound/seem / look /appear… 3.变化类become /get / grow / turn/come/go… 4．状态保持类stay/ remain(保持，仍然是)/ keep /prove etc. 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） （五）宾语 宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）
英语语法句子成分分析和练习题
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. （时光飞逝。）这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。 主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语 That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble. 他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。（从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs.（他喜欢唱歌。） 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing 动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固
第1讲句子成分 英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补） 除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划句子成分的符号 主语在下面划一直线 谓语在下面划曲线 宾语在下面划双横线 定语在下面划虚线（一行点使我们想到一 排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语” 的“定”） 状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短 木桩，木桩撞（状）钟） 补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是 为了弥补上面短横间的空隙） 同位语上下双曲线，（虽都有曲折，上下位置 基本相同 考点2.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构： 1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.名词化的形容词（如the rich） 5.不定式 6.动名词 7.主语从句等表示。 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线，并说出由什么充当 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 9.That he isn’t at home is not true 练习2.改正下列句中的错误，并说明原因 1.He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out. 2.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. 3.Beyond the mountains lie a small village. 4.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot. 5.Play basketball is my favorite sport. 6.Give up English is not an option. 考点3.谓语 谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. He reads newspapers every day. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caugh t a bad cold. My sister is crying over there. I have been waiting for you all the time. I would stay at home all day. （2）由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语。如： We are students. Your idea sounds great. 考点4.表语 表语多是形容词，用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 练习3.划出下列句中的表语，并说明有什么充当。 1.Our teacher of English is an American. 2.Is it yours? 3.The weather has turned cold.
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型 一、英语句子成分 根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下： 1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。如： It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。 Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。 The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。 2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。如： Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。 We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。 3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。如： Be careful! 小心! All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。 He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。 4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。如： He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。 She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。 5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。如： He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。 I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。 I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很难拒绝他。 6. 定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当，位置可在所修饰的词之前，也可在所修饰的词之后。如： It's an interesting story. 那是一个有趣的故事。 Do you have time to help us? 你有时间帮助我们吗? Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁? 7. 状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。如： We like English very much. 我们非常喜欢英语。 Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。 She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看书。 United we stand, divided we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。 8. 同位语：若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物，并且后者对前者起解释说明的作用，句法功能也一样，那么，后一项称为前一项的同位语。如：This is my friend Harry. 这是我的朋友哈利。 We students should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。 Ms Wang, our English teacher, is our good friend. 王女士，即我们的英语老师，是我们的好朋友。 9. 独立成分：与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系，如插入语、感叹语、呼语等，一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如： He's a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一个好人。 Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 说也奇怪，考试他竟然通过了。 二、英语简单句五种基本句式 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五种基本句式。这五种基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： S十V 主谓结构 S十V十P 主系表结构 S十V十O 主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明：S=主语; V=谓语; P=表语; O=宾语; O1=间接宾语; O2=直接宾语; C=宾语补足语 五个基本句式详解如下： 1.S十V 句式 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi.)。例如： He runs quickly. 他跑得快。 They listened carefully. 他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger. 他挨冻受饿。 My ink has run out. 我的钢笔水用完了。2.S十V十P 句式 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v.)，常见的系动词除了be之外， 还有感官类:look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell； 变化类：become，go，get，grow，turn，fall ill/asleep； 状态类：keep，stay，remain，stand/sit still等。例如： He is older than he looks. 他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book. 他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting. 这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard. 书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice. 饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice. 花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before. 你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill. 他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still. 他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up. 他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country. 他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如： He reached his hand to feel the elephant. 他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish. 他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town. 他们在家乡种水稻。 He's got a chair to sit on. 他有椅子坐。 Please turn the sentence into English. 请把这个句于翻译成英语。 3.S十V十O 句式 在此句式中，V是及物动词(vt.)，因此有宾语。例如： I saw a film yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 Have you read the story? 你读过这个故事吗? They found their home easily. 他们很容易找到他们的家。 They built a house last year. 他们去年建了一所房子。 They've put up a factory in the village. 他们在村里建了一座工厂。 They have taken good care of the children. 这些孩子他们照看得很好。You should look after your children well. 你应该好好照看你的孩子。 4.S十V十O1十O2 句式 在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get，而且双宾语还可以借助介词来易位，如：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb；He gave me a book / a book to me. 他给我一本书。 He brought me a pen / a pen to me. 他带给我一枝钢笔。[来源:学&科&网] He offered me his seat / his seat to me. 他把座位让给我。 注意下列动词后双宾语易位后介词的变化： Mother bought me a book / a book for me. 妈妈给我买了一本书。 He got me a chair / a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。 Please do me a favor / a favor for me. 请帮我一下。 He asked me a question / a question of me. 他问了我个问题。 注意：英语中还有一部分动词不能直接加双宾语，必须用介词of 引起另一个宾语，如：rob，cure，rid，warn，remind等。 They robbed the old man of his money. 他们抢了老人的钱。 He's warned me of the danger. 他警告我注意危险。 The doctor has cured him of his disease. 医生治好了他的病。 We must rid the house of the rats. 我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。 This film reminds me of my childhood. 这部电影使我想起了童年。 5.S十V十O十C 句式 在此句式中，V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常作宾语补足语的词有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。 常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多，哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补，须根据动词的惯用法而定，不能统而概论。请看下面的例子： You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。They made the girl angry. 他们使这个女孩生气了。 We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。(名词) His father told him not to play in the street.他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。(不定式) My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball. (现在分词) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans. (过去分词) 常接to do作宾补的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。 注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，必须省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。如：The boss made him do the work all day. 老板让他整天做那项工作。 He was made to do the work all day. I heard her sing in the next room last night. 昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱歌了. She was heard to sing in the next room last night.
【经典高考】高考英语 专题练习——英语句子成分的划分及练习
【经典高考】 句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻 Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│Ｐ 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。 There be 结构：There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。 此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’ 试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）/前一个there无