2018高考英语广东高考一轮复习(中学阶段完形填空复习2)

高三广东高考一轮复习

完形填空专题复习（二）

一. 教学内容：

完形填空专题复习（二）

【具体过程】

一、完形填空考查综合运用语言的能力：

1）词语辨析能力

2）语法结构分析能力

3）语篇理解能力

4）逻辑推理能力

5）文化背景透析能力

6）作者意图剖析能力

7）生活常识综合运用能力

二、历年考点分析:

1. 根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项。近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。

例如: But Ella Fant, who was filed with 1 , shouted at the top of her voice, “Look at 2 ﹗They’re all out of 3 except my John﹗Isn’t he the best﹗”

（1）A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret

（2）A. them B. those C. that D. him

（3）A. sight B. order C. mind D. step

分析：考虑上下文的语境，第一个空的后边既然是“声嘶力竭的喊叫”就不能是A、D 项，特别是通过最后一句Isn’t he the best﹗推知母亲此时的感觉是“幸福”的。所以1题的答案选B。2题的答案选A. them是因为其后用了they’re。3题通过全篇语境知道此时描述的游行队伍里一个人的步伐与其他人的不同，答案应与“步伐”有关，所以答案选D. step。

2. 根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理。NMET完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查考生灵活运

用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历，还要能够驾驭全文，不仅理解文章的表层意义，而且要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。

例如：（NMET1998）Every morning she would give him breakfast 1 bed and bring him the papers to 2 .

1. A. to B. at C. in D. by

2. A. check B. read C. keep D. sign

分析：1题的答案是C，bed的前面应当用介词in。至于2题，就要用到相应的文化背景知识：外国人有早上读报的习惯，句中papers即报纸（newspapers）。这是理解文章细节的关键。有了这些文化背景知识，便可迅速推断出最佳选项B. read。因为生活中过分溺爱孩子的母亲，让儿子“在床上”吃早饭，“读”早报是很自然的事情，这也正与文章的主旨相吻合。

3. 根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的，多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。解

决这类题目要求考生多读、多记，对所学习语或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能灵活运用。

例如: The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost ev eryone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.

1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had

2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed

3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now

分析：解题1选C，是因为它这里是表伴随。解题2选B是因为struck的意思有“使……想到”,其它几个意思不符，搭配也不合理。解题3选C，it wasn’t long before是一个固定搭配的句型。

4. 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义从而确定答案。完形填空题的考查虽然越来越淡化语法，但对语言点的考查依然存在，不过主要体现在词汇搭配和语义辨析两个方面。要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。

例如：Dad taught me a lot about life, especially its hard times.

I remembered one of his 1 , one night when I was ready to quit (退出) a political campaign（运动）I was losing, and wrote about it in my diary.

Tired, feeling the months of 2 , I went up to my study to make some notes.

1. A. classes B. advice C. lessons D. talks

2. A. struggle B. working C. battle D. defence

分析：class（课，班级，阶级）advice（忠告，建议，不可数名词）lesson（课程，教训）talk（谈话，讲演），根据短文中提供的信息，应该是作者准备退出一场失败了的政治活动时，父亲“教训”了他一顿，所以1题的答案是C. lessons。2题的选项B. working（工作，劳动）, D. defence（防卫，辩护）明显不合乎逻辑，A. struggle意为“斗争，战争”，C. battle是指大型战役中的小规模“战斗”。作者在这次政治活动中经历了数月的艰辛，为争取某种权利而进行了艰苦的“斗争”，根据文章的情节线索我们可以确定最佳选项是A。这两个题的解决都借助了词义的辨析，同时也离不开对短文情节发展的把握。

三、考点剖析与解题策略

（一）语法

This autumn was the wettest since records began in the U.K. Floods _______ large parts of the country.

A. covered

B. covered by

C. covered with

D. rushed away

（二）语法+ 常识

More and more factories pump CO2 into the air , and atmosphere across the world _______.

A. burns

B. hot

C. warm

D. heats up

（三）四个答案对比

In Australia folds have covered an area the _______ of the whole of the Britain .

A. width

B. large

C. length

D. size

（四）翻译:

◆The village of Yaluma __1__ in the mountains of Chipas , a province of Southern Mexico, __2__ people are many Indians.

1. A. lies B. place C. lays D. soon

2. A. Their B. It’s C. Its D. Its’

★Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music ____1____ about billion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to ____2___ rock stars in person (亲自).

1. A. take B. cost C. waste D. spend

2. A. meet B. interview C. call D. see

（五）连接词

★They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. ____ now they have an extra source of income (收入).

A. But

B. And

C. However

D. Therefore

★Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music spend about billion dollars a year for records. MR. In 1956, Mclean , ___1___ wrote and sang “American Pie” , ___2___ he earns an additional two cents on every single ___3___ of the song.

1. A. who B, he C. that D. as

2. A. and B. but C. so D. yet

3. A. copy B. record C. singing D. performance

★Many rock stars __1__ like Grace slick and Jefferson. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bells, and buy new toys. __2__ when they need money again , they do another tour. They save __3__ money and live from hand to mouth.

1. A. play B. live C. perform D. behave

2. A. But B. Then C. And D. So

3. A. no B. much C. some D. plenty

★English people seem very quiet ______ reserved (缄默的), usually.

A. though

B. and

C. even

D. but

★It was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _____ I was going along cheerfully.

A. But

B. And

C. Otherwise

D. Yet

One evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a ___1____ he heard footsteps behind him and he thought ___2____ was coming near. He began to walk ____3___. The footsteps became faster, too. He slowed down. The footsteps also ____4____ down.

1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way

2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone

3. A. slowly B. more slowly C. fast D. faster

4. A. put B. slowed C. became D. turned

（六）词组与翻译

★In 1990 , leader of all big nations met in Japan and agreed to reduce ___1____ CD2 they put into the atmosphere. Ten years ____2____, in Nov. 2000, they met again in Holland to assess ( 评估) the situation and decided what to do next.

1. A. many B. a number of C. the amount of D. a good many

2. A. after B. late C. later D. soon

★……. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about the dinner I would eat when I _____ to Salisbury.

A. reached

B. arrived

C. got

D. led

（七）比较四个答案,翻译文章