常见英文修辞手法【总结定义+例子】Figures of speech
Figures of speech
1.Alliteration
The repetition of an initial consonant sound.
e.g.: Sara’s seven sisters sleep soundly in the sand.
2. Antithesis
The using of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases.
e.g.: One small step for a man, one giant leap for all mankind
3. Euphuism
The substitution of an inoffensive term for an offensive one.
e.g.: You are well fed. (You are fat)
We have to let you go (You are fired.)
4. Hyperbole
The use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect.
e.g.: Your dog is so ugly, we have to pay the fleas to live on it.
5. Irony
The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning.
e.g.: Having a fight with your best friend before your birthday and saying: “Great, that’s just what I need.”
6. Metaphor
An implied comparison between two unlike things that actually have sth important in common.
e.g.: The sofa is a fertile soil for couch potato.
7. Simile
A stated comparison (usually formed with “like” or “as”) between two fundamentally dissimilar things that have qualities in common.
e.g.: She looks like a flower but stings like a bee.
8. metonymy
A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely related. (describing sth indirectly by referring to things around it)
e.g.: He writes a fine hand. (he has good hand writing.)
9. Synecdoche
A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole (as hand for sailor), the whole for a part (as the law for police officer), the specific for the general (as cutthroat for assassin), the general for the specific (as thief for pickpocket), or the material for the thing from which it is made (as steel for sword ).
e.g.: ABCs (alphabet)
e.g.: England won the World Cup in 1966.
(Football team of England)
10. Onomatopoeia
The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions
they refer to.
e.g.: The clatter of utensils (器皿).
11. Personification
A figure of speech in which an inanimate object is endowed with human qualities or abilities.
e.g.: The carved pumpkin smiled at me.
12. Pun
The play on words, sometimes on different sense of the same word, and sometimes on the similar sense or sound of different words.
e.g.: Why did the bee go to doctors?
Because he had hives. (hive)
Why are males good at math?
Because they like figures.
13. Syllepsis 一笔双叙
The figure of speech refers to the use of only one word to describe two actions or events.
e.g.: She opened the door and her heart to the orphan.
He took his hat and his leave
He took my advice and my wallet.
13. Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法
A figure of speech that contains words with opposite meanings.
e.g.:a bitter sweet experience
(完整版)英语中19种修辞手法和例句
1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 例如: 1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily－like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花）鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音. 2>.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）品尝Mozart的音乐. 6.Personification 拟人 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物. 例如: 1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化） 2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化） 7.Hyperbole 夸张 夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果.. 例如: 1>.I beg a thousand pardons. 2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars. 3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 8.Parallelism 排比, 平行 这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体. 例如: 1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one
高级英语课文修辞总结
高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课） 第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a
英文修辞手法及例句
英语修辞手法 12级商务英语1班高腾学号201222410201 1)Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 1.In his dream he saw the tiny figure fall as a fly 在他的梦中他看见那小小的人影像苍蝇一般地落了下来。————《英语文摘》2015-2比喻形象生动，把人影比作苍蝇突出其渺小。 2.The old man’s hair is as white as snow.老人的头发雪白。———The Washington Post 2)Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage. 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 1.Life is an isthmus between two eternities. 生活是永恒的生死两端之间的峡道 ——《21 century》2014-3 2.I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. ————《英语文摘》2015-2这里用肌肉代指力气，肌肉的功能也就是出力气，直接用肌肉来代表则用了暗喻手法，加强表达效果。 3）Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions . For example, the wind whistled through the trees. 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.
英语修辞学课程教学大纲
《英语修辞学》课程教学大纲 一、教师或教学团队信息 教师姓名职称办公室电话电子信箱徐桦副教授 本教师教授过的本科课程有：综合英语、英语泛读、英语视听说、英语写作、商务英语写作、英语语言风格、英语修辞学、英语词汇学等。所教授的英语写作获得2014年度学院“精彩课堂”奖；所教授的英语写作、英语词汇学、英语修辞学等课程获得学生评教高分。 本教师主要研究方向为英语课程论和英语写作教学。参加编写过多种英语词典、英语专业课本、和英语教辅书籍，其中参与编写的《英语语言学与教学丛书·写作教程系列》获2008年度上海师范大学教学成果三等奖。撰写和发表重要专业论文十余篇。担任2006-2008年度上海师范大学精品课程建设项目“中级英语写作”项目以及2009-2011年度上海市教委重点课程“英语写作基础”系列课程项目负责人。 二、课程基本信息 课程名称（中文）：英语修辞学 课程名称（英文）：English Rhetoric 课程类别：□通识必修课□通识选修课□专业必修课专业方向课 □专业拓展课□实践性环节 课程性质*：学术知识性方法技能性□研究探索性□实践体验性 课程代码： 周学时：2总学时：32 *2 学分: 4 先修课程：英语写作，英语语法 授课对象：英语（师范）专业本科三年级（5+6学期） 三、课程简介 本课程作为一门选修课程，向具备英语写作基础的学生介绍现代英语修辞学的研究内容、方法和主要修辞手段的运用；教学内容涉及词法、句法和段篇的修
辞特色、组织安排及表达手段。教学目的是让学生了解英语语言较深层次的表达特点和规律，辨别英汉修辞技巧的异同，能够利用修辞知识分析英语读物，提高欣赏水平和语言修养，并恰当地使用修辞手段，提高语言交际效果。 本课程对于高年级的英语语言文学专业的学生是不可或缺的学习领域及环节，它集理论性和实践性为一身，具备较高的实用价值，对于提升学生的专业水平具有重要帮助。 四、课程目标 英语修辞学的教学内容涉及词法、句法和段篇的修辞特色、组织安排及表达手段；通过修辞中的美学和非美学两套标准，系统传授英语修辞学的相关理论及实践技巧。教学目的是让学生了解英语语言较深层次的表达特点和规律，辨别英汉文化及修辞技巧的异同，能够利用修辞知识分析英语读物，提高欣赏水平和语言修养，并恰当地使用修辞手段，提高笔头及口头的语言表达效果。总之，本课程旨在培养学生针对不同目的、场景、对象，使用相应风格的英语交际能力，以及一定的研究英语语言有效表达的学术素养。 五、教学内容与进度安排*（满足对应课程标准的第2条） 本课程内容分三个大方面，第一方面为现代修辞学的研究对象、内容和方法，英语修辞活动的层次；第二方面为不同句法的修辞特色，短篇组织安排，文章写作和修改；第三方面为一些专题研究内容以及常用修辞格。
英语修辞手法讲解
英语19种修辞手法解读 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。 例如： 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。 2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。 3.Metonymy 借喻，转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。 I。以容器代替内容，例如： 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了。 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。 II。以资料。工具代替事物的名称，例如： Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。 III。以作者代替作品，例如： a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI。以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如： I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。 例如： 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory。(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人。 2>.He is the Newton of this century。(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿。 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap。(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。 5.Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉 这种修辞法是以视。听.触。嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物。通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“微风过处送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 例如： 1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
英语修辞例子
1.1 Alliteration safe and sound 1.2 Consonance rou gh and tou gh 1.3Assonance f ai r and sq ua re 1.4 Rhyme fit or fat 1.5 Onomatopoeia The stream is murmuring through the woods. 2.1 Simile The gossip is like a net that strangled her. The news is like a dagger to his heart. He has no more idea of money than a cow. His voice sounded like a thunder in the hall. The machine-gun was shooting down the enemy like a mower cutting down grass. Habit is likened to a cable; Every day we weave a thread, and soon we cannot break it. 2.2 Metaphor The night was pitch-black. At last he felt a ray of hope. The hallway was zebra-striped with darkness and moonlight. Not all slim girls are paper tigers. He was a walking encyclopedia. Applications for jobs flooded the Employment Agency. 2.3 Metonymy
英语修辞手法及例句
英语修辞手法及例句 一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though 等，例如： 1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 1、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 is a pig.他简直是头猪。（比喻：他是一个像猪一般的人，指肮脏，贪吃的人。） is a woman with a stony heart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。（比喻：这个女人冷酷无情。） Twain is a mirror of America.马克?吐温是美国的一面镜子。（用镜子比喻美国的现实，很贴切。） 三、提喻（synecdoche） 提喻是不直接说某一事物的名称，而是借事物的本身所呈现的各种对应的现象来表现该事物的这样一种修辞手段。 换喻主要借助于密切的关系与联想，而提喻则是借助于部分相似。 提喻大致归纳为四种情况： a.部分和全体互代； b.以材料代替事物； c.抽象和具体互代； d.以个体代替整个类。 例如： ,(there is) a sea of faces.外面街上，是人的海洋。（以人体的局部代全体，即以faces 表示people） 2. Have you any coppers? 你有钱吗？（以材料代事物，即以copper铜喻指coin money铜币）
英语修辞学-亚里士多德的三种说服方式知识讲解
英语修辞学-亚里士多德的三种说服方式
亚里士多德的三种说服方式 亚里士多德认为修辞演讲就是对听众的一种说服，让听众形成某种判断，认同、赞成并采纳自己所持的观点或采取某种行动，因而修辞学的目标就是研究如何能够达到最大的劝说效果。亚里士多德在《修辞学》第一卷第2章和第二卷18至26章中就如何取得说服的成功作了较为全面系统的阐述。他认为演说取得成功有两种手段，一类是不属于技术范围的或“非人工的”手段(inarti ficial proofs) ，如证据、证人、法律条文等这些已经存在无须演说者提供只需要恰当地加以利用即可的条件，另一类是属于技术范围的或“人工的”手段( artificial proofs) ，即需要演讲者凭借修辞方法达成的说服论证。亚里士 多德提出了属于技术范围的三种基本说服方式——人品诉求（et hos）、情感诉求(pathos)和理性诉求(logos)。 人品诉求是指修辞者的道德品质、人格威信，亚里士多德称人品诉求是“最有效的说服手段”，所以演讲者必须具备聪慧、美德、善意等能够使听众觉得可信的品质，因为“人格对于说服几乎可以说是起支配作用的因素”(Kenn edy 1991: 38) 。“当演说者的话令人相信的时候，他是凭他的性格来说服人，因为我们在任何事情上一般都更相信好人”（亚里士多德 1991：29）。一位成功的演说家在演讲中“除了设法使受众成员进入最有利于说服工作获得成功的感情状态以及向他们‘摆事实，讲道理’之外，还必须展示出一种能赢得他们尊重和信赖，对他们具有感召力的人格，并利用这一人格所具有的威信来影响他们的决定”(刘亚猛 2004：165) 。人品诉求不仅仅是演讲者与听众建立可信性的桥梁，同时也是对雅典人所认为的可信人群品质的研究。 情感诉求是指通过对听众心理的了解来诉诸他们的感情，用言辞去打动听众，即我们通常所说的“动之以情”。它是通过调动听众情感以产生说服的效力，或者说是一种“情绪论证”(pathetic proofs) ，主要依靠使听众处于某种心情而产生。演讲者通过带有倾向性或暗示性的语句向听众施加某种信仰和情感来激起感情并最终促使他们产生行动，可以说，“对情感诉求的研究是一
高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)
英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的 自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力 气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；
英语修辞整理及例子
1.Alliteration 头韵heart,home 2.Assonance 元韵late,make 3.Consonance 辅韵sing,rang 4.Onomatopoeia 拟声The stream murmurs through the woods. Aposiopesis 跳脱“You’d better do this or else…” Apostrophe 呼语Captain!my captain!rise up and hear the bells: Pun 双关ball:(1)any round or spherical object (2)a formal social dance Repetition 重复The rain pours and pours. Anaphora 首语重复法Light come,light go. Epiphora 句末重复法Waste not,want not. Simploce首结语重复法This is the world’s fight,This is civilization’s fight. anadiplosis 顶针With Bewick on my knee,I was then happy:happy at least in my way. Parallelism 平行结构The young actor was tall,dark,and handsome. Antithesis 对偶Marriage is easy,housekeepin g is hard. Climax 层进法We want peace,we want freedom,we want a better life. Anticlimax 突降法Where shall I find hope,happiness,friends,cigarettes Syllepsis 一语双叙He lost his coat and his temper. Zeugma 轭式修辞法We ate a bun and a glass of milk. Chiasmus 回文One should eat to live,not live to eat. Asyndeton 连词省略法Nothing is insider them,they were sealed up before the creation of pestilence. Polysyndeton 连词叠用法I am a a body, a mind. Rhetorical question 反问Isn’t it the best choice Simile 明喻Time flies like an arrow. Metaphor 暗喻You are my sunshine. Metonymy 借喻He has a good ear for music. Synecdoche 提喻He paid the workers $5 per head. Antonomasia 换称Hitler---a tyrant Personification 拟人The bird is singing joyfully. Parody 仿拟I had no outlook,but an uplook rather. Synesthesia 通感The music breathing from her face. Transferred epithet 移情a sleepless bed
英语中19种修辞手法和例句
明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）
英文修辞手法总结
1.Simile明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）
英语写作指导：常见的英语修辞
修辞手法(figure of speech)修辞手法是通过修饰、调整语句，运用特定的表达形式以提高语言表达作用的方式和方法。修辞不仅仅在中文里很常见，在英文里也是多种多样。这篇文章里，我们就来谈一谈英文中常见的修辞手法。 1.simile1明喻 A simile is a figure of speech in which two fundamentally unlike things are explicitly3 compared, usually in a phrase introduced by like or as. 明喻是常用as或like等词将两种不同事物通过比较而连接起来的一种修辞手法。 让我们看几个例子： Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong. 好的咖啡如同友谊，丰厚，温暖，热烈。 Life is rather like opening a tin of sardines4. We're all of us looking for the key. 人生就像一罐沙丁鱼，我们大家都在找开启的起子。 He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen from him to crow. 他这人就像一只骄傲的公鸡，以为太阳升起是为了它的啼叫。 2.metaphor5暗喻 A metaphor is a trope or figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common. 暗喻是将两种有共同点的不同事物进行隐晦比较的修辞手法。 明喻与暗喻的不同点就在于是否有出现like或者as(像)这一类比喻词，下面这几个句子都是暗喻： Humor is the shock absorber of life; it helps us take action. 幽默是生活的减震器,它可以鼓舞人们付诸于行动。 Time, you thief. 时间，你这个小偷。 But my heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill. 可是我的心是孤独的猎手，在孤独的小山上狩猎。 3.personification拟人 Personifiation is a figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities. 拟人是一种为无生命或抽象物体赋予人类特质与能力的修辞手法。 Oreo: Milk’s fav orite cookie. 奥利奥：牛奶最喜爱的曲奇。 The wind stood up and gave a shout. 大风凛冽,发出怒吼。 The only monster here is the gambling6 monster that has enslaved your mother! I call him Gamblor, and it's time to snatch your mother from his neon claws! 这里唯一的怪物就是赌博怪物，它将你母亲沦为奴隶!我叫它赌棍，该把你母亲从他的霓虹灯魔爪下救出来的时候了! 4.euphemism7委婉语 Euphemism is the substitution of an inoffensive expression for one considered offensively explicit2 委婉语是使用较委婉含蓄的语言替换强烈冒犯的话语。
英语修辞手法及例句
英语修辞手法及例句 Prepared on 22 November 2020
英语修辞手法及例句 一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如： 1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 1、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 is a pig.他简直是头猪。（比喻：他是一个像猪一般的人，指肮脏，贪吃的人。） is a woman with a stony heart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。（比喻：这个女人冷酷无情。） Twain is a mirror of America.马克吐温是美国的一面镜子。（用镜子比喻美国的现实，很贴切。） 三、提喻（synecdoche）
高级英语修辞手法总结归纳
英语修辞手法 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.
III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力 气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
英语修辞学
《英语修辞学》教学大纲 修订单位: 韩山师范学院外语系 执笔人: 张若兰 一. 课程基本信息 1. 课程中文名称：英语修辞学 2. 课程英文名称：English Rhetoric 3. 课程类别：任选 4. 适应专业：英语（师范类）本科 5. 总学时：36 6. 总学分：2 二．本课程在教学计划中的地位、作用和任务 《英语修辞学》是为英语专业高年级学生开设的一门专业任意选修课。该课程通过系统的讲授，使学生掌握英语修辞的基本原理及其应用，从而达到写作时语言更加贴切，意义更加清晰，表达更加生动；阅读时更加准确地理解作者的写作意图、文体风格和写作技巧，从本质上了解英语，掌握英语，提高阅读能力、写作能力和文学欣赏水平和语言修养。 三．教学内容与教学基本要求 教学内容: Chapter One：Syntactic Devices (句法辞格) (6课时) 本章内容包括： 1．长句和短句(Long and short sentences)； 2．简单句(The simple sentence)； 3．复合句(The compound sentence)； 4．分枝句(Branching sentences)； 5．主动和被动句(The active and the passive voiced sentences)； 6．平衡句(Syntactic schemes of balance)----排比句(parallelism)；对偶句(antithesis)；逆转反复句(chiasmus)； 7．倒装句(Syntactic scheme of inversion)----省略句(ellipsis)；局部省略句(fragmentary elliptical sentence)；连词省略/散珠(asyndeton)；跳脱(aposiopesis)； 8．添加句（Syntactic scheme of addition or insertion）----连词叠用(polysyndeton)；修正法/换语(epanorthosis)；注释法(exegesis)；扩充法(exergasia) ；并列法(apposition) ；插入法(parenthesis)； 9．反复句(Syntactic scheme of repetition)---二项式(binomials)；三项式(trinomials)；多项式(catalogues)；首语重复(syntactic anaphora)；尾语重复(syntactic epiphorea)；首尾语重复(syntactic framing)； 10．层进与突降(Syntactic scheme of climax and anticlimax)----(climax)；(anticlimax or bathos) 11．修辞问句(Rhetoric question)； 12．顿呼(Apostrophe)。 重点：掌握各种句法辞格的概念和应用。 难点：平衡句、倒装句、添加句三类句子的理解。 Chapter Two：Lexical Devices (词法辞格)（8课时） 本章包括两部分：词汇选择和词的反复。 1．词汇选择(Lexical options)：长词或短词(short words or long words)；普通词或学究词(common words or learned words)；正规、非正规或口语词(formal, informal or colloquial