华中科技大学2005年考博英语试题

I.Cloze(1x10=10%)

Directions:In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage.Write your answers on the answer sheet.

Some kids have a hard time1to the new freedom that they acquire when they leave high school and come to college.Here you are able to choose 2or not you want to go to class.However,this responsibility comes with a great price.If you do not go to class,you may miss an important lecture and these are very critical when it comes time for the test that is fifty percent of your grade.With this responsibility I have learned how to manage my time more3.4 hating every minute of school,I value it5a time for me to prepare for the big test.This new schedule has also changed me in that now I6school is worth my time.I do not dread going to class.Yes,it is boring some of the time but since I only have two to four classes a day for only four days out of the week,it is not as7__as high school.Also many of my courses require more in depth thinking. As an alternative to doing worksheets and8simple questions,college courses call9_analysis and thought.Almost all of my homework now is writing papers and reading books.These to this routine,I have been able to investigate and recognize meaning more10and it has helped me in my thought process.

1.A)content B)to adopt C)finding D) adjusting

2.A)where B)when C)whether D)if

3.A)effective B)efficiently C)effort D) affect

4.A)Instead of B)Rather than C)Instead D)Other than

5.A)for B)upon C)as D)with

6.A)should like B)feel like C)look like D)would like

7.A)unpleasant B)pleasant C)enjoyable D)misfortune

8.A)answered B)answer C)answering D)to answer

9.A)in B)for C)up D)about

10.A)likely B)prepared C)ready D)readily

II.Reading comprehension(20x2=40%)

Directions:There are four passages in this part.After each passage,there are five questions.You are to choose the best answer for each question.Write your answers on the answer sheet.

Passage1

Extremely refined behaviour,cultivated as an art of gracious living,has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure,which admitted women as the social equals of men.After the fall of Rome,the first European society to regulate behaviour in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence,in France.

Provence had become wealthy.The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades,and there the ideals of chivalry grew up,which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration,and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds,though he would never come physically close to her.This

was the introduction of the concept of romantic love,which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on an a inferior form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.

In Renaissance Italy too,in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries,a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners,but the rules of behaviour of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes.Indeed many of the rules,such as how to enter a banquet room,or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes,were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man,who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief,certainly not a sword,to his name.

Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary.Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest.You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.

11．Etiquette cultivated as an art of gracious living______.

A.has been typical of rich and leisured societies

B.advocates that women are the same as men

C.began in nineteenth-century Provence

D.looks down on extremely refined behaviour

12．The ideals of chivalry demanded that______.

A.a knight should never have physical relationships with women

B.a knight should inspire his lady to valiant deeds

C.a knight should dedicate his valiant deeds to a woman

D.romantic people should influence literature

13．The rules of etiquette in Renaissance Italy______.

A.were chiefly concerned with the correct use of one’s sword or handkerchief

B.were practiced by the majority of society

C.did not apply to a large section of society

D.were fairly simple to follow

14．The average working man in fifteenth-century Italy______.

A.spent all his life outdoors

B.spent all his life in his own poor hut

C.had better social manners than workers today

D.was unlikely to have possessed a sword

15．Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of giving unnecessary offence to others are______.

A.the essential basis of all systems of good manners

B.not a universal feature of etiquette

C.taught to the lower classes by the upper classes

D.often neglected by polite society

Passage2

One day Mr Kerry was walking along the Strand in London,killing time,when his eye was caught by an enormous picture displayed upon the wall of a house.It represented a human figure covered with long,dark hair,with huge nails upon his hands and a most fearful expression.On coming nearer,he heard a man call out

"Walk in,ladies and gentlemen,the most wonderful curiosity ever exhibited ——only five pence the wild man from Africa——he eats raw food,and many other pleasing and surprising performances."Mr kerry paid his money and was admitted. At first the crowd prevented his seeing anything,for the place was full to suffocation (窒息),and the noise awful.At last,Mr Kerry obtained,by means of squeezing and pushing,a place in the front,when to his horror,he saw a figure that was far worse than the portrait outside.

It was a man,nearly naked,covered with long,shaggy hair,that grew even over his nose and cheekbones.He sprang about,sometimes on his feet,sometimes on all-fours,but always uttering the most fearful yells,and glaring upon the crowd in a manner that was really dangerous.Mr Kerry did not feel exactly happy at the whole proceeding,and began heartily to wish himself outside.Suddenly,the savage gave a more frightening scream than before and seized a piece of raw beef which a keeper extended to him on a long fork.This he tore to pieces eagerly,and ate in the most voracious(贪婪的)manner,among great clapping of hands and other evidence of satisfaction from the audience."I'll go now,"thought Mr Kerry,"for who knows whether,in his hungry moods,he might not fancy finishing his dinner with me."Just at this instant,some sounds struck his ear that surprised him.He listened more attentively and,to his amazement,found that among the most fearful cries and wild yells,the savage was talking Irish.Now,Mr Kerry had never heard of an African Irishman so he listened very closely,and by degrees,not only the words were known to him,but the very voice was familiar,so turning to the savage,he addressed him in Irish,at the same time fixing him with a severe look.

“Who are you?”said Mr Kerry.

“Billy McCabe,sir.”

“And what do you mean by playing your tricks here,instead of earning your living like an honest man?"

“Well,”said Billy,"I'm earning the rent to pay you.One must do many strange things to pay the kind of rent you charge."

16．Mr Kerry was walking along the Strand because______.

A.he had nothing else to do

B.he was late for an appointment

C.he was looking for something to do

D.he was reluctant to go home

17．Inside the house,at first,Mr Kerry______.

A.was nearly suffocated

B.could see nothing

C.was pushed about

D.couldn’t hear anything

18．The wild man gave the impression of being dangerous by______.

A.the way he moved

B.the way he dressed

C.the looks he gave

D.the cries he made

19．Mr Kerry decided to leave the house because______.

A.he flt extremely frightened

B.he was worried what might happen

C.he didn’t wish to eat with the savage

D.he feared he might have a heart attack

20．The wild man surprised Mr Kerry by speaking Irish since______.

A.he was on show in London

B.he was a primitive savage

C.he previously spoke gibberish

D.he was thought to be African

Passage3

Having reached the highest point of our route according to plan,we discovered something the map had not told us.It was impossible to climb down into the Kingo valley.The river lay deep between mountain sides that were almost vertical.We couldn’t find any animal tracks,which usually show the best way across country,and the slopes were covered so thickly with bushes that we could not see the nature of the ground.We had somehow to break through to the river which would give us our direction out of the mountains into the inhabited lowlands.

Our guide cut a narrow path through the bushes with his long knife and we followed in single file.Progress was slow.Then,when we thought we had really reached the river,we found ourselves instead on the edge of a cliff with a straight drop of1000feet to the water below.We climbed back up the slope and began to look for another way down.We climbed,slipped,sweated and scratched our hands to pieces and finally arrived at the river.Happily we strode downhill along its bank without having to cut our way.However,after a few miles the river entered a steep-sided gap between rocks and suddenly dropped thirty-five feet over a waterfall.There was no path alongside it and no way round it.

Then one of the guides saw a way of overcoming the difficulty.There was a fallen tree lying upside down over the waterfall with its leafy top resting on the opposite bank below the falls.Without hesitation he climbed down the slippery trunk to show us how easy it was.Having got to the fork of the tree,he moved hand over hand along a branch for four or five feet with his legs hanging in space,then he dropped onto the flat bank on the other side,throwing his arms in the air like a footballer who has scored a goal,and cheerfully waving us on.

21．Having reached the highest point on their route,the travelers expected to be able to______.

A.track animals to the river

B.put away the maps they had

been using

C.approach the river from different direction

D.get down to the river

without much difficulty

22．The travelers wanted to get to the river because______.

A.it would lead them to the waterfall

B.it would show them which

way to go

C.it was the only possible route out of the mountains

D.it was a quicker

route than going over the mountains

23.One reason why the travelers took so long to get to the river was that

______.

A.it was too hot to move quickly

B.there was no proper path

C.they all tried to go in different ways

D.they could not follow the

animal tracks

24.The travelers were happy when they reached the river because______.

A.they had a sense of achievement

B.the going was much easier

then

C.they were eager to see the waterfall

D.they knew they were near

their destination

25.To get past the waterfall the guide had to______.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8315745031.html,e a fallen tree as a kind of bridge

B.cross the river above the

waterfall

C.slide down a steep river bank

D.swing across the river from a

high branch

Passage4

Will you be watching‘Horizon’on Monday evening,or is that when you’re down at the local?HILARY MACASKILL suggests here that tuning in may be advisable.

This week’s Horizon:How Much Can You Drink?Addresses itself to the practical issue of the dividing line between harmless normal drinking and the“serious drinking problem”that troubles an estimated700000people in this country.Too much drinking can have terrible effects on health:in the next12months10000people may die prematurely from the effects of drink.Advertisements can no longer characterize alcohol as beneficial.Guinness is not now projected as“good for you”. Nevertheless,social drinkers cling hopefully to that scrap of half-remembered research that suggests that a little drink is good for you.

Well,perhaps it is.Darts(a game)players can draw comfort from the evidence in the programme that hand shaking lessens after a few drinks.Though it must be added that next day’s hand shaking was greater than normal.Moderate drinking, because of the effect of alcohol on the blood,may give some protection against heart disease.

But people’s bodies vary hugely in their reactions to alcohol.The less fortunate drinkers may get cirrhosis(a kind of disease)of the liver after a far smaller alcohol amount than another drinker.

So how much can you drink?The answer,if you are a woman,is less that a man. The reason is not another example of rough discrimination but that women,unfair though it may be,are more at risk from alcohol.Doctors recommend a daily limit of six units for a man,four units for a woman.

That limit is the aim of those who attend Drink Watchers,formed18months ago,which works on similar lines to Weight Watchers.After an initial screening to ensure that they aren’t physically damaged by alcohol,Drink Watchers meet weekly to analyze ant discuss the daily records they keep of their drinks.“The aim is to provide a social base as much as anything,”says National co-ordinator Geraldine Wilson.“We replace the pub life with a different social life.”

Enjoying sensible drinking is the goal of Drink Watchers and Geraldine has some useful tips to help people stick to the limit:“Make the first drink a soft one to quench the thirst.Alternate alcohol with mineral water.Put the glass on the table between sips.Distance the glass so you have to make a conscious effort to reach it. Make one drink last40minutes.Most important,plan how much to drink in an evening,count the drinks and then stop.”

26.Based on what do you think this article is written?

A.A magazine

B.A newspaper

C.A medical journal.

D.A TV program.

27.Can alcohol ever be good for you?

A.Yes,in moderate amount.

B.No,even in moderate amount.

C.Maybe,in moderate amount.

D.Never,even in moderate amount.

28.How can Drink Watchers help you?

A.By checking your health.

B.By providing social base.

C.By helping you cut down on your drinking.

D.All the above.

29.What do you think the word“soft”in the third line of paragraph7means?

A.gentle

B.non-alcoholic

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8315745031.html,d

D.calm

30.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

A.700000people in Britain are seriously affected by alcohol.

B.10000people are likely to die in the next year because of alcohol.

C.Six units of beer for men and4units for women everyday is‘safe’.

D.Different people react almost the same to alcohol.

III.Translation

Section A From English into Chinese(15%)

Directions:Translate the following three underlined parts from English into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet.

People could land on Mars in the next20to30years provided scientists can find water on the red planet,the head of NASA's(美国国家宇航局)surface exploration mission said on September16.

Two partially solar-powered"robot geologists"--Mars Exploration Rovers,or MERs –(机器人地质学者——火星探测漫游者)have been trundling across3miles of the planet and into craters since January,beaming back data about the makeup of what scientists believe is Earth's sister planet.

1.Asked how long it could be before astronauts land on Mars,Arthur Thompson, mission manager for MER surface operations said,"My best guess is20to30 years,if that becomes our primary priority."

The two MER robots,dubbed Spirit and Opportunity,have found ancient evidence that water was once plentiful--important for scientists hoping to know if there was once--or could still be--life on Mars.

Without water,the dream of sending astronauts to the often dusty planet,which has rust-colored rocks and where the sky is red and sunsets are blue,couldn't unravel.

"If we cannot find water，it really makes it difficult to send humans.Water is the key," said Thompson,who was attending a mining engineers'conference.

2.Such a mission would take11to12months to get to Mars and it would be impossible to carry enough water for the astronauts,plus the water needed to make rocket fuel for the return journey,to cool the spacecraft and to generate energy.

Thompson said scientists had found a canyon on Mars"that makes the Grand Canyon look like a small canyon,"where water could still be present.

"There are indications that there is actually water that seeps out the side of the canyon, and going down the side it evaporates.We believe it's an ongoing process,"he said. 3.Three satellites now orbiting Mars are constantly gathering information,and Thompson said,"If there is water,we believe the chances of finding life are greatly increased."

into English(15%)

Directions:Translate the following three underlined parts from Chinese into English and write your translation on the answer sheet.

自从1843年第一张圣诞贺卡在伦敦印刷、销售以来，公务贺卡已经成为政治家们节日活动中不可缺少的一部分。

1.德高望众的亚伯拉罕·林肯(Abraham Lincoln)是第一位发现圣诞贺卡中蕴藏着政治效力的美国总统，在此过程中，圣诞老人的形象永远留在了人们心中。美国内战期间，奴隶们控制的南方政权与北方的联邦政府相抗衡，当时林肯总统要求政治漫画家托马斯·纳斯特在圣诞老人的画像上配上联邦军队，旨在鼓舞士兵的士气。

托马斯·纳斯特是第一个让胖胖的圣诞老人穿上现在看来传统的红色外套和宽大皮带的人。

2.据说看到这个活泼可爱的家伙站在北方联邦军队一边，南方军队的士气大大的受挫。没过多久，他们就战败了。

二战期间，同盟国政府同样用圣诞祝词来鼓舞占领区的战士们，幽默的贺卡给战士们带来了充满希望的援助。

3.事实上，正是从这个阶段开始，圣诞节寄贺卡的传统在美国总统中流传起来——至今他们都是世界上最认真的寄卡人之一。

IV.Writing(20%)

Directions:You are going to write about200words on the following topic “Learning is a life-long profession”.You are required to write in three paragraphs. Write your essay on the answer sheet.

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全国医学考博英语试题.doc

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华东师范大学2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

华东师范大学2006年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语 Paper One 注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效 Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center. 1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded or lights A. came out B. came on C. came to D. came down 2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed for police cars in his mirror from time to time to make sure he was safe. A. pulling out B. running through C. going ahead D. watching out 3. Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friends who were becoming increasingly of her success. A. delightful B. graceful C. resentful D. respectful 4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being by the market. A. replaced B. overlooked C. saturated D. penalized 5. Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her away from the grim realities of daily life and her to fairyland of her own once she started to play. A. transforming B. transporting C. transplanting D. transcending 6. It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to what is likely to happen and act accordingly. A. look out B. figure out C. turn out D. point out 7. At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches where they were forced to worship in sections. A. segregated B. sustained C. connected D. engaged 8. San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides views of the wide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge. A. flashy B. transient C. breathtaking D. ambiguous 9. Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the of the American Negroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively. A. conspiracy B. pledge C. plight D. compulsion 10. Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be , the tobacco company still insists that its products are harmless. A. soluble B. deficient C. addictive D. skeptical 11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realize that he came A. too much B. so much C. much too D. much so 12. I wanted to be sure a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice. A. on account of B. in case of C. at the risk of D. in spite of 13. in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa. A. Originally cultivated B. Having originally cultivated C. Originally being cultivated D.Although it originally cultivated 14. It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciated time to relax. A. to have B. having C. to have had D. of having 15. We’ve just installed central heating, should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter. A. what B. that C. it D. which 16. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A.has light traveled B.light travels C.does light travel D.travels light 17. she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.

全国医学博士英语统考真题及答案下载版

2016年全国医学博士英语统考答案 Listening Comprehension (30%) Section A 1. B. At three next Wednesday. 2. B. A piercing pain. 3. A. He is going to get married. 4. D. She couldn't agree with the man more. 5. A. Jack's girlfriend is mad at him. 6. B. It's wise to be prepared. 7. B. He is a trouble-maker. 8. D. $30 9. C. Work out in the gym. 10. B. 232 11. A. Mary isn't his type. 12. A. Play tennis. 13. C. In the hospital. 14. A. She is seriously ill. 15. B. She makes a living now as a landlady. Section B Dialogue 16. A. A duodenal ulcer. 17. B. Try medical means. 18. A. Overweight. 19. C. He is a heavy smoker. 20. D. Make an appointment with Dr. Oaks. Passage One 21. D. He is the creator of a website on longevity. 22. C. Women develop cardiovascular disease much later than men. 23. B. In their 60s and 70s. 24. D. Iron. 25. C. Another possibility for women's longevity. Passage Two 26. C. He struggled under the strain of poverty. 27. B. He is an investment advisor. 28. D. Fear. 29. B. He began reading investment books and then began practicing.

2006年博英语试题

考博英语试题 02年部分II. Reading Comprehension (25 points) Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 1 There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job; and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job. “Contact us before writing application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae, or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is , of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also, an indication of growing importance of the curriculum vitae.(or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right. There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained. Everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest. Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach.” your search is over. I am the person you are looking for,” was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature special feature specially designed for the job in view. There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae. 16. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns . A. informs job hunters of the opportunities available B. promises useful advice to those looking for employment C. divides available jobs into various types D. informs employers that people are available for work. 17. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because . A. there is lack of jobs available for artistic people B. there are so many top-level jobs available C. there are so many people out of work D. the job history is considered to be a work of art . 18. In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would . A. write an initial letter giving their life history B. pass some exams before applying for a job C. have no qualifications other than being able to read and write D. keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview 19. Later, as one went on to apply more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter . A.something that would attract attention to one?s application B. a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to join C.something that would offered that person reading it D. a lie that one could easily get with telling 20. The job history has become such an important document because . A. there has been a decrease in the number of jobs advertised B. there has been an increase in the number of “qualified” job hunters C. jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays D. the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated