英语基数词和序数词专题

英语基数词和序数词专题
英语基数词和序数词专题

数词

一、基数词和序数词(cardinal and ordinal numbers): 基数词表示数目,序数词表示顺序。

1. 基数词

(1)1-12 特殊记; 13-19 要加-teen;几十-ty做结尾;几十几更易记。(2)注意13 thirteen, 15 fifteen, 18 eighteen, 20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty的书写。

(3)hundred 百, thousand 千,million 百万, billion十亿的用法相似e.g.

Hundred: one/ two/several hundred;hundreds of …成百上千…

2. 序数词:

(1)基数词变序数词的口诀:基变序,有规律,结尾加上-th;一、二、三特数记;八去t,九去e;-ve要用-f替;单词-ty做结尾,变-y 为i,再加-eth.

(2)注意1 first, 2second , 3third, 5 fifth, 8 eighth, 9 ninth的拼写。

二、分数、小数、百分数(fracctions、Decimals、Percentage)

1.分数:

分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,中间的连字号可用不可用。当分子大于1时,作分母的序数词用复数形式。e.g.

二分之一a/one-half 三分之一a/one third

四分之一a/one-fourth 二又五分之一two and one-fifth

2.小数:

读法:在小数点后,我们单独读出每个数字。小数点读作point。

小数点中的零读作zero, nought或o/ / e.g.

.3 point three 7.145 seven point one four five

36.36 thirty-six point three six

3. 百分数

百分数用基数词或小数与百分号两部分构成。e.g.

20% twenty percent 47% forty-seven percent

30.45% thirty point four five percent

三、日期和年份的表示(date and year)

on May 27 读作:On May (the) twenty-seventh

on 27th May 读作:On the twenty-seventh of May

in 1993 读作:in nineteen thirty-three

in 20ll 读作:in two thousand and eleven

四、时间和钟点表示:

7:15 读作seven fifteen / a quarter past seven

5:30 读作five thirty/half past five

6:55 读作six fifty-five /five(minutes) to seven

9:10 读作nine ten a.m.

at 8:00 读作at eight 或at eight o’clock

五、年龄表示:

1. 基数词+表示年龄单位的词+old, 口语中常可省略years old. e.g.

The girl is only three (years old.)

2. age(名词或动词) She was then forty years of age. /she was then

aged forty(years).

“at the age of +基数词”表示“在…岁时”,通常作状语。e.g. Julie can swim at the age of eight.

3.“基数词-year-old”的复合形容词,意为“…岁的”,一般作定语修饰名词。e.g.

Sandy is a six-year-old child.

4. in one’s +整十基数词的复数形式:这一结构表示“在某人几十多岁时“。e.g.

My grandfathr died in his nineties.

teens 表示“十多岁”(13-19岁)。e.g.

The boy was in his teens. 这男孩只有十多岁。

He is not yet out of his teens. 他还不满20岁。

六、数学运算表达(Arithmetic Expressuib )

Add 3 and 9. 3 plus 9 equals/is 13

Subtract 3 from 9. 9 minus 3 equals/is 6.

Multiply 3 by 9. 3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 9

Divide 9 by 3 9 divided by 3 equals/is 3.

+plus(介词)/-minus (介词) / ×multiplied(形容词性质的过去分词) /÷ divided (形容词性质的过去分词)

+add(动词)/-subtract(动词) / ×multiply(动词) /÷ divide(动词) 【易错点提示】

1. 分数和百分数做主语时,谓语的单复数取决其后面of结构中的名

词。注意区别下面两句话:

Two thirds of the apple has gone bad.

Two thirds of the apples have gone bad.

2. 基数词可以用在有连字符的合成形容词中,注意其中的名词前无冠词。e.g.

a two-day holiday=two days’ holiday

a ten-minute walk=ten minutes’ walk

有连词符的复合形容词在剧中只能充当定语,不能作表语。

3. 在20世纪30年代:in the 1930s

在30年代:in the 30s

在某人30几岁时:in one’s thirties

4. 注意下面的不同表达方式:

Lesson Twelve = the Twelfth Lesson

Gate Five= The Fifth Gate

Class one/Grade(Two)two=the ninth grade/ page nine/ Room 401/Channel Eight

5. 序数词在表示地名时的用法:Fifth Avenue (序数词前无冠词)

6. 序数词用在奖项前面的用法:win first prize (序数词前无冠词)

7. 序数词表示在原来数字的基础上的“再、又”的用法:

I have had two cakes. I want to have a third one.

8. 一次:once 两次:twice 三次: three times

9. 倍数的表达:

(1)“倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than”表示“比……大几倍”e.g. This rope is three times longer than that one.

(2)“倍数+as+形容词/副词+as”表示“…是…的几倍”e.g.

It is five times as big as Europe.

The poison of the killer bee is twice as dangerous as the poison of other bees.

(3)“倍数+表度量的名词(size,length,width)+of…”表示“…是…的几倍”。e.g.

The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.

【真题典藏】

1. Linton is interested in Chinese history and this is his _____ visit to Beijing. (four) (2008年中考第61题)

2. Eric, the _______ son of the family, has a special interest in physics.(three) (2009年中考题59题)

3.Alex is ______ years old and is taken good care of in the kindergarten. (fourth)(2010年中考题58题)

【实战演练】

1.The TV news reported the celebration of the old man’s _______birthday. (hundred )

2. Could you tell me if you live on the ______floor of that highrise? (twelve)

3. Please open your book at page________. Let’s read the text. (fifth)

4. Her beautiful roses have won prizes ______at the flower shows since last year. (two)

5. ( ) It is reported that about _______ of the tourists went to Hainan in winter holiday.

A. two-threes

B. two-thirds

C. second-three

D. two-third

6. ( ) The artist became well-known _________.

A. in his thirties

B. of thirty

C. about thirty

D. the thirtieth

7. ( ) It’s customary(习俗)for Chinese to celebrate their _____ their birthday with relatives and friends.

A. sixty

B. sixty-year-old

C. sixtieth

D.sixties

8. ( ) Tomorrow we will start for the campsite at ______. Please be on time.

A. clock eight

B. the eight clock

C. eight o’ clock

D. eight clock

9. ( ) The newly built dormitory building is about _______.

A. 30 meters high

B. 30-metre-high

C.30-metres-high

D.30-metre-high

10. ( ) Listen, everyboday! Pansy’s _____ girl is singing a pop song now.

A.eight year old

B. eight-year-old

C. eight-years-old

D. eight years old

11. ____ the new books were sold yesterday morning.

A.Hundred of

B. A hundred

C. Two hundreds of

D.Two hundred of

12. ____ People got eye or breathing probems during the fire in Australia this year.

A.Thousand

B. Thousands

C. Thousands of

D. Ten thousands

参考文献

[1] 梁亚丽.红宝书天天翻[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2011.

[2] 王璟.中考英语高分对策[M].上海:希望出版社,2010.

[3] ***.牛津英语8A[M].

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mi l l i o n,第三个“,”前为b i l l i o n(美式)或t h o u s a n d,mi l l i o n (英式),然后一节一节地表示。 1,001→o n e t h o u s a n d a n d o n e 9,785→n i n e t h o u s a n d,s e v e n h u n d r e d a n d e i g h t y-f i v e 18,423→e i g h t e e n t h o u s a n d,f o u r h u n d r e d a n d t w e n t y-t h r e e 6,260,309→s i xm i l l i o nt w oh u n d r e da n ds i x t yt h o u s a n d t h r e e h u n d r e d a n d n i n e 750,000,000,000→s e v e n h u n d r e d a n d f i f t y,b i l l i o n(美式)s e v e n h u n d r e d a n d f i f t y t h o u s a n d mi l l i o n(英式) 2.基数词的用法 (1)作主语 e g.F o u r O f t h e m c o m e f r o m P a r i s. (2)作宾语

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1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 24 twenty-four 25 twenty-five 26 twenty-six 27 twenty-seven 28 twenty-eight 29 twenty-nine 30 thirty 31 thirty-one 32 thirty-two 33 thirty-three 34 thirty-four 35 thirty-five 36 thirty-six 37 thirty-seven 38 thirty-eight 39 thirty-nine 40 forty 41 forty-one 42 forty-two 43 forty-three 44 forty-four 45 forty-five 46 forty-six 47 forty-seven 48 forty-eight 49 forty-nine 50 fifty 51 fifty-one 52 fifty-two 53 fifty-three 54 fifty-four 55 fifty-five 56 fifty-six 57 fifty-seven 58 fifty-eight 59 fifty-nine 60 sixty 61 sixty-one 62 sixty-two 63 sixty-three 64 sixty-four 65 sixty-five 66 sixty-six 67 sixty-seven 68 sixty-eight 69 sixty-nine 70 seventy 71 seventy-one 72 seventy-two 73 seventy-three 74 seventy-four 75 seventy-five 76 seventy-six 77 seventy-seven 78 seventy-eight 79 seventy-nine 80 eighty 81 eighty-one 82 eighty-two 83 eighty-three 84 eighty-four 85 eighty-five 86 eighty-six 87 eighty-seven 88 eighty-eight 89 eighty-nine 90 ninety 91 ninety-one 92 ninety-two 93 ninety-three 94 ninety-four 95 ninety-five 96 ninety-six 97 ninety-seven 98 ninety-eight 99 ninety-nine 100 one/a hundred 第1 first 第2 second 第3 third 第4 fourth 第5 fifth 第6 sixth 第7 seventh 第8 eighth 第9 ninth 第10 tenth 第11 eleventh 第12 twelfth 第13 thirteenth 第14 fourteenth 第15 fifteenth 第16 sixteenth 第17 seventeenth 第18 eighteenth 第19 nineteenth 第20 twentieth 第21 twenty-first 第22 twenty-second 第23 twenty-third 第24 twenty-fourth 第25 twenty-fifth 第26 twenty-sixth 第27

英语的序数词和基数词

词: 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two twenty-three 24 twenty-four 25 twenty-five 26 twenty-six 27 twenty-seven 28 twenty-eight 29 twenty-nine 30 thirty 31 thirty-one 32 thirty-two 33 thirty-three 34 thirty-four 35 thirty-five 36 thirty-six 37 thirty-seven38thirty-eight 39 thirty-nine 40forty 41 forty-one 42 forty-two 43 forty-three44 forty-four45 forty-five 46forty-six 47 forty-seven 48 forty-eight 49forty-nine 50 fifty 51 fifty-one 52 fifty-two 53 fifty-three 54 fifty-four 55 fifty-five 56 fifty-six 57 fifty-seven 58 fifty-eight 59 fifty-nine 60 sixty 61 sixty-one 62 sixty-two 63 sixty-three 64 sixty-four 65 sixty-five 66 sixty-six 67 sixty-seven 68 sixty-eight 69 sixty-nine 70 seventy 71 seventy-one 72 seventy-two 73 seventy-three 74 seventy-four 75 seventy-five 76 seventy-six 77 seventy-seven 78 seventy-eight 79 seventy-nine 80 eighty 81 eighty-one 82 eighty-two 83 eighty-three 84 eighty-four 85 eighty-five 86 eighty-six 87 eighty-seven 88 eighty-eight 89 eighty-nine 90 ninety 91 ninety-one ninety-two 93 ninety-three 94 ninety-four 95 ninety-five 96 ninety-six 97 ninety-seven 98 ninety-eight 99 ninety-nine 100 one hundred

英语基数词与序数词对比表

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1到100的序数词和基数词

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