On+the+Art+of+Questioning+Students+in+English+Class

No.11一12

堕堡塾壹

聊E

EDU咖ON

NoⅣember-December

OntheArtOfQuestioningStudentsinEngIishCIaSs

柴海英

AbstraCt:Thispaperpoints

outthataskingquesdonsinclassisanartandsumsupthepositivemeaningsofquesdoningstudents

in

Enghsh

class.Inaddition,thepaperdiscussesthetwoaspectsofteachers’quesdoningstudentsinEnghshclassinanefrectiveway.Keywords:Questioningstudentsinclass;En娅shteaclling:Posi石vemeallin茚;E雎ctivewavs

中图分类号:G642.421文献标识码:C

文章编号:1672—8181(2009)11—12—0125—02

Introduction

Asking

questions

in

En出ish

classis

an

importantpart

of

teaching,whichisalso

main

fo瑚ofteachers’impartingknowledge

to

studentsandthe

linkwiththesensibilities’intercoursebetween

teachers

and

students.

Specific

goals

are

characte打stic

of

good

questjonsthatnot

onlyhelpimproveteachingefkctsanditsqualjty

butalso

helpstudentsunderstandwhat

havebeentaughtthoroughly.

AdVantageousaspectsof

asking

well—designed

questions

such

as

{bsteringstudents’interestinEnglish,enlighteningtheirthinkingin

En出ishandimpmvingtheirabilityofusing

languagepoints

can’tbe

nedected.Thereforeasking

eff'ectivequestionsis

scienceandalso

an甜requiring

lotofskiIls.

P0sitiVeMeaningsofQuestioningStudentsEffectiVely

‘rheI℃is

an

oldsaying,

“LearIlingbegins

with

thinking

and£hinkingbeginswithquestionjng.”Askingquesti彻sinEn斟ish

class

isthemostdirectwayoftwo—waycommunicationfor

teachersand

students,an

imponantwayof1ettingstudentspanicipateinpracticeand

impmve

theirabilityofthinking.EH'ectivequestionscanwiden

theVisionofthe

students,helpstudentsgraspthestressesandbreak

throughthedimcultpoints,developteachers’leadingroleand

students’dominatingrole.1.1IncreasingandHoldingstudents’Interestin

Le锄ingEndish

Questions

can

letstudentssunbatheinthe

active,wam

and

competi矗ve

atmosphere()fleaming,whichdoesgoodtokeeping

students’interestinEnglish.Especiallyifteachers’questionsareconcernedwithwhatstudentshaveleamedortheirrealsociallif毫

experienceand

teaching

contentshavesomethingtodowithstudents

acquiring

knowledge,languagepoints

to

beleamedandthosetohavebeen

leamedwillinteractwitheachother.0uestionssuchas

“Howisvourf抽ilv?orWhatdovouoftendoontheIntemet?etc.”makestudents

interestedinⅡuestions

themselvesandtllenhave

desires

to

answer

them.Theirinterest

will

make

themtllink

in

EnglishnaturallyandthenuseEndish.Fllrthe硼ore,theirinteI℃stin

En甜ishwillbeincreasedsubconsciouslythmughanswering

questlons.1.2

Inspidngstudents’Thinkingin

Endish.

Questions

can

fbcusstudents’listening

on

teachers,forwhich

thought

can

beputinto

an

active

position.Questions

can

helpthem

thinkandEndish

questions0fcourse

are

favombleforstudents’

thinkinginEndish.For

ex锄ple,teachers’questions

studentswhile

explaining

newcontents,whichcanstimulatestudents’tllought.The

stimulationisfhrbeyondtheordinaryexplanation.Anyhow,questions

can

inspirestudents’thoughtandthought

staItswith

surpriseand

questlons.1.3

HelpingStudentsFind

ouf

Their

Le舢ing

Drawbacks

Questions

can

helpstudents

to

find

out

whattheyhaven’t

stiU

understood.

Forexample。thefbUowingsentencesarewrittendownonthe

blackboardwhentheuses()fthecomparativeofadiectivesandadverb8

are

explained:1)The

photo目raphsofMarstakenbysateUite

aIe

clearerthantaken

f南mtheEarth.21Theactivitiesoftheintemationalmarketingresearcharefkquentlvmuchbmaderthan山edomesticmarket.3)ShanghajisfarbiggerthananycityinJapan.4)ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.

Somesnldents

can’t

identifythemistakesjnthefour

sentences

mentionedabove.Infact,thefirst

twosentencesare

wronginthatthe

comparing

objects——“the

photographs”and“takenf'romthe

Earth”

are

notinthesame

type,nor

are“theactivities”and“thedomestic

market”.which

can’t

becomparedwitheach

other.No.3andNo.4

sentences

are

t111ebecauset}ledif南renceisthat

ShaIl小ai

isinChina

and

Jap朋itself叔cludesShaJlghaj..Ikough

questions,students

will

understaIldtlloIuughlvtheconceptsofthecomparative.1.4HelpingTeachersChecktheWayofStudents’UnderstandingandAnalyzingPmblems

Bv

checkingstudents’answeI_s

to

questions,teachers

cantsee

whetherstudentsunderstand

the

basic

concepts

ofthe

P阳mmars

correctIv

or

not.For

ex砌plethe“tenses”ofnon—predicate

verbs盯e

quitediff色rent

f而mones

ofpredicateverbs.Butstudentsconfhse

themeasily.Thewayoftheirunderstandingandanalyzingpmblems

is

co幽ned

tochinese

thinking.Tbrough

questions,teachers

caJl

find

students’problemsandhelpthemovercomethedifhculties.

1.5

InspiringStudents’ConsciousnessofPanicipatingin7Ikaching

Actjvities

Whentheclassisalwavs

teache卜centered.studentsmaveasilv

distracttlleirattention.Ifteachersput{brw盯dquestionstimelywhile矛vinglectures,thesequestionsthemselveswillprovidethechanceofstudents’takingpartinteachingactivities.Throughgive—and—take

activity,students

le锄Endish

f而mpassivelytoactively.Questionsincreasestudents’panicipationinteachingactivity,whichvice

versa

pmmotesstudents’learning.

Inconclusion,questions

can

inspireandkeep

theinterest0f

students’

1e枷ing

English,helpstudents{bcustheirattention

on

Endish,and

cultivatestudents’

habitofthinkinginEndish.For

teachersthey

can

checkthedegreeofstudents’understandingthe

new

contents,

encoura#re

andleadstudentstodeeplythinkofquestionsand

to

reviewandcons01idate

whatthevhaveleaHled.

The

EffectiVe

Way

Of

Teachers’PuttIng

FOrwardQuestions

It’sclearthatthe

way

ofteacheI_s’putting

fbnrardquesdons

directlyinnuencethe

teachingefkcts.Thekeyisthatteachersshould

askstudentsquestions

in柚effective

way.

2.1

Des培ni。培Questions

CarefullybeforeClass

Teachers

should

pay

attention

to

the

following

things

while

designingquestions.2.1.1

Questionsshouldbebased

on

teachingoudine.

Questions

shouldbewell

designedaccordingtotheteachingouⅡine,whichcaJl

embody

the

di伍cultandimportantlanguagepointsofteachingcontents.Questionsfarawayfromtheteachingplanareof

no

value.Teachels

shouldbeclever

at

puttingfbrwardquestions,especjallypaying

more

attentionto

tlle

key

points肋d

1eading

studems

to

thinkfbr

finding

80lutions.Look

at

Unit4…

CommunicationsintheFuture

f如mPracticalEndish.Theimportant

languagepointsinthispassageaI℃thepresentpeIfectandpI℃sentped’ectpmgressive.Teachersshouldrequirestudentstogmspthe

uses

of

thepresent

perfbct

tense.

After

explaining

the

passage,

teachers

can

givethefollowingquestions:1)Havecommunications

thmughouttheworldbeenimpmvedgreatlyinthelastfiftyyears?2)Hastheuse“satellitesincreasedthesDeedofcommunications?3)

What

havescientistsbeen

developing

Iecently?Thesekinds

of

questjons

can

helpstudentsgra:中t11enucleargrammar,

万方数据

NO.11—12

堕堡垄堕!

TIMEEDUCATIONNovember-December

2.1.2Ouestionsshouldbeleveledandvariable.

0nlyafteraskingstudentslow—levelquestionscanteachersmovetohigh—levelones.Ifteacherswantstudentstobeactiveinclass,questionsshouldbepresentedindifkrentways,whichareas

follows:

Q)individualanswerTeachel_sasksome

specificstudentto

aIISWeI.

②gmupdiscussion——Thewholegroupdiscussthequestionstogether,andfinallyoneofthemwillstandfbrthegrouptoanswerafldtheothersofthegroupwillsupplement.

⑧C1assdiscussion——Thewholeclassdiscussthes枷etopic,expresstheirownideasandfinally删veatthecorrectallswer.

Forexample,UnitlinBook0nef而mExperiencingEndish…一WishfortheFreshmanYearisanessaywrittenbya

seniorstudentwhowillsoonP口duate,tellinghowtheauthor{Ieelsabouthiscollegelife.Questionscanbelikethis:1)Howdoyoufeelaboutcollegelifeasafbshman?

@)Do

you

thinktheauthorhascon6denceinthecominggraduation?Why?3)What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

No.1questioniscoI_relatedtothestudents’reallifeandeverystudentcanexpresstheirideasindividuallv.No.2questionisconcemedwiththemostpartofthepassage,whichisfort}legIDupstodiscuss.No.3questionI℃quiresstudentstohaveanunderstandingofthewholelessonandthenreachtheanswer.whichneedsthewholeclass’e妊.ort.Indetails,questions。whichareeitheroralorwrinen。canbe

f而mconcretetoabstract,f而mlow—leveltohigh—leveLf南mtmeorfalsetowhat—questionandt11enwhv—question.0ntheotherhand,questionsvaryindifl宅rentstagesofteachingbecauseofdifE宅rentteachingpurposes.

2.1.3Ouestionsshouldbeclearandconcrete.

Vagueorbigquestionswillincreasethedimcultyofstudents’understandingthem,suchas“whataboutvourideaoneducation?”.Questionsgiveninlongsentenceswillincreasetheburdenofstudents’memonrandthedimcultvofunderstandingthem.Studentscan’tg阻spthemainpointsofthequestionseasiIy.Sometimestheyevenmisunderstandthequestionssothatquestionsaremeanin对essalldteacherscan’treachtheteachingpurposeofquestioningstudents.ClearquestionscanmakestudentsgraspthemainpointsquicklyandstudentscaJlgivetheanticipatedanswers.InthiswaycanteachingactiVitygosmoothJy.

Forinstance,inUnit3—-JamesCleveland0wens—the1astpalagraphsays:“…hisgoldmedalschangedhislife.‘Theyhavekeptmealiveoverthevears.’heoncesaid,‘TimehasstoodstiUforme.Thatgoldenmomentdieshard’.”Thequestioncanbe1ikethis:0wenseamedhislivingbyselIinghisgoIdmedals,didn’the?ThisquestionisveryconcreteanditcanmakestudentsthinkofthewordsgivenbyOwensvervcarefullv.

2.1.4Questionsshouldn’tbet00dimcultortooeasv.

Questionsshouldbeappropriateforstudents’Endishlevel.Teachersshoulddesignquestions,yetnottoodi{bcultnortooeasy.IfdesiP:Iledquestionsarecomplicated。studemswillhavenocon6denceandtheI℃fblerefhsetoanswerthem.】Ⅵavbesomeofthemtrybutthevcan’tgivecorTectanswersandthoughtswillalsobepI℃vented.IfdesignedquestionsareveIysimple,whichstudentsevenlookdownupon

thesimplequestionsandtheywiUbeI℃luctanttoanswerthem.

Evenifstudentsarewillingto,thevwon’thavethe

senseofachievement.Bothkinds(汀ouestionswillmakestudents10seinterestinquestionsthemselvesandareunfavorablefbrdevelopingstudents’thinkingabilitv.

2.2Teachers’ContmllingtheCadenceofAskingQuestions

2.2.1Givingstudentsenoughtimetoprepareforquestions.Thetimeislimitedin6—8seeonds.atmost20seconds.Teachersshouldn’tasksomestudenttoanswerquestionsshortlvafterquestioningbecauseofindividuals’differentspeedofactionsonquestions.Aftergivingquestions,teachersshouldletstudentsthinkforaminuteandorganizetheanswers。andthenasksome0fthemt0answer.Ifappointedstudentcan’tgiveanswers,teachersdon’tneedtowaitandmovetoanotherstudentandletthe

fb瑚erstudentlistencarefullv.Teacherscan’tputfblwardanewquestiontointeIferewithstudents’thinkingbefhrethefbmlerquestionissolved.Ifitisashonperiodbetweenquestions,studentswillhavenotimetothinkandthevcaJl’tgiveidealanswersandtherefbrethevcan’thavethesense()fachievement.Thiskindofsituationisunfavorableforinspiringstudents’leamingEnglishontheirowninitiative.Ifthelimitedtimeisbetween6to8seconds。theparticipa【ioninteachingactivitywillbeincI_easedtoahigherdeP卵eandthecon£denceinEn甜ishle砌ingwillalsobeincreased.

2.2.2TheImportanceofTeachers’feedbacksonstudents’answeI_sincontmllingthecadenceofaskingquestions.

Teachersshouldlavstressonf音edbacksonstudents’answers.Appropriatepmisecanbringstudent8pleasure,stren殍henstudents’confidenceofleamingEnglishandmakestudentstakemoreactiveinEn出ishask—and—ahsweractivity.Teachingcangoinanorderlyway.Factsshowthatstudentswhoareoftencriticizedbvteachersarealwavs甜hidofmakingmistakes.TheirsenseofachievementismuchlowerthaIlthatofDraisedstudents.ThesilentattitudeofteninteI幢I琶swithn咖Ialteachingandlengthensthepmcessofaskingquestions,PraisingtheirpIDgressnotcriticizingtheirmistakescanmakestudentstrvtheirbesttoworkhard.0ncethevestablishthedesiretostudy,whichequalstofinishinghalfofteachingtask.AlthoughpraiseisnecessaryandcIiticismmustbeavoidedasmuchaspossible,teachersshouldattachimDortancetothestudentwhoseanswerisabigchallengetostandardanswer.CriticizingthestudentdiIectlyormakingnoresponseisnotgood{brprovokingstudents’thinkinganddevelopingstudents’innovativespirit.Therightwayisthatteacherscancamroutthediscussionanda110wstudentstohavedifI’erentopinionsanddon’tdrawaconclusionhastilv.Evenifthetimeisn’tenough{brstudentstofhrtherdiscuss,teachersshouldgivestudentsasatisfacto珂answerafterclass.Teachers’appropriatefeedbackcanholdstudents’enthusiasminleamingEndish.

Conclllsion

Tosumup,askingquestionsinEnglishclassisanef陷ctiveandmainmeansofoIganizingteaching.Studentsfinishrequiredtaskduringtllepmcessof6ndingsolutions,whichaccordswithteachinglaw.Viceversa,studentscanpmmoteteachers’thinking,that’s,questionscanbene6tteachersas

weIIasstudents.Inotherwords,askingquestionsinEndishclassisanartofteaching.7IkachersshouldinsistonstudyingtextbooksandstudentsandimpmvingtheirEndish1evelandteachingquality,grasptheskillsandst“ltegiesofquestioningstudents,buildrelaxed,happyandcooperativeclassatmosphere,letstudentsIovequestionsandmakemoststudentsparticipateinteachingactivitiestogreatextreme.0nlyinthiswaycanteachersreachplannedteachinggoals

andthenimpmvetheirteachingquality.

References:

【1】wallgDuqin.strate百esofEn曲shTeaching[M】,ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2002.

[2】MaJunming,YiErshan.TheArtofEn西ishTeachers【M].BeijingNorIllalUniversity,1981.

[3]LiPing.ArtofQuestioninginEn西ishclass【M】.LeamingEndishInc.2003

【4】FangPei传ng..Questioningstmte百esinEndishclass【M】.LeamingEn西ishInc,2004.

【5】夏耘.大学体验英语综合教程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2007.[6]雷水蓉.关于课堂提问中“度”的把握Ⅱ】..申小学英语教学与研究,2001,(4).

作者简介:柴海英(1971一),女,湖北浠水人,四川机电职业技术学院讲师,双学位,主要研究方向:高职英语教育、英语语言学,四川攀枝花617000

万方数据

On the Art of Questioning Students in English Class

作者:柴海英, Chai Haiying

作者单位:四川机电职业技术学院,四川攀枝花,617000

刊名:

时代教育(教育教学版)

英文刊名:TIME EDUCATION

年,卷(期):2009,""(11)

被引用次数:0次

参考文献(6条)

1.Wang Duqin Strategies of English Teaching 2002

2.Ma Junming.Yi Ershan The Art of English Teachers 1981

3.Li Ping Art of Questioning in English Class 2003

4.Fang Peifeng Questioning Strategies in English Class 2004

5.夏耘大学体验英语综合教程 2007

6.雷水蓉关于课堂提问中"度"的把握 2001(04)

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授权使用:武汉大学(whdx),授权号:b244fa5d-0c25-45c5-ac32-9e490154797e

下载时间:2010年12月11日

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