高一英语Book2 Unit1 Cultural relics

Unit 1 Cultural relics 语言点串讲

考点探究互动探究·能力备考

Ⅰ.词汇短语过关

1〃survive vt. 在……之后仍然生存；逃生；比……活得长

vi. 活下来；幸存survival n. 存活，幸存；survivor n. 幸存者survive sb. (by) 比某人活得长(几年) survive sth. 幸免于某事

survive on sth. 靠……存活下来survive from sth. 从……存活下来；流传下来

(1)It was lucky that the boy ____________ ______.很幸运，这个男孩得以从大火中逃生。

(2)She ____________ her husband by ten years.她比她丈夫多活了十年。

(3)Many strange customs have ________________ earlier times.有许多古怪的习俗源远流长。2．design n．设计；图案；构思vt. 设计；计划；构思

by design＝on purpose 有意，故意by chance = by accident 不经意，偶然地

have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 图谋(钱、生命等)

be designed for sb./sth.为某人而设计be designed to do sth. 被设计用来做某事

(1)They have ___________ a lot of advanced electric equipments.他们已设计了许多先进的电子设备。

(2)The experiment ________________________ the new drug.实验的目的是试验新药。

(3)These books are primarily ____________ the use of beginners.这些书主要是供初学的人使用的。3．fancy adj. 奇怪的；异样的；vt. 想象；设想；爱好；n．想象力；幻想；爱好

fancy＋n.＋to be/as＋n. 认为……是……fancy (one's) doing 想象(某人)做某事

have a fancy for 爱好Just fancy! 想想看！奇怪！

Fancy (that)! 真想不到！真奇怪！fancy dress/clothes 奇装异服

Fancy Nancy did not fancy doing fancy work. But fancy Nancy's fancy auntie did fancy Nancy doing fancy work. 可爱的南希没有想象到能做出出色的工作，而可爱的南希的漂亮的姑姑的确想象到南希做出了出色的工作。

(1)Do you __________________this evening？今晚你想不想出去？

(2)She _________________________ a famous actress.她自以为是个有名的演员。

(3)She ________________ she was being followed.她觉得好像自己被跟踪了。

提示：fancy用做动词，有时用于祈使句，表示惊奇，不相信，震惊等，后加名词、代词、动名词等做宾语，如Fancy meeting you here！想不到在这儿遇见你！

4．doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑；vt. 怀疑；不信；doubtful adj. 怀疑的

without doubt 无疑地；确实地I don't doubt that...我确信……

I doubt whether (if)．..我怀疑是否……There is no doubt +that+从句毫无疑问……注意：doubt 在肯定句中用whether或if引导从句，但在疑问句和否定句中用that引导从句。

(1)____________ they will agree with you on this matter.毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。

(2)___________ their football team will win the match.他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。

(3)I don't doubt______ he can finish the task on time.我相信他能按时完成任务。

(4)I doubt___________ they can swim across the river.我怀疑他们能否游过河去。

(5)This meeting has been, ________, one of the most useful we have had so far.这无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。

5．worth prep.介词，值得的；相当于……的价值

n．价值；作用adj. 值钱的

be worth＋n.“值……”(仅限于少数表示钱数或某种代价的比喻性名词)

)

It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. 做某事是值得的

另外：worthy 可用做前置定语，表示“有价值的；可敬的”，而worth不能做前置定语。

如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的绅士。

(1)The trip was expensive but it _________________.这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。

(2)The book is ______ worth _____________.这本书很值得一读。

(3)用三种方法翻译句子：这篇文章值得仔细研究。

The article is worthy __________________ .

____________________________________.

6．in search of＝in one's search for 寻找；搜寻

search...for...在……里面/身上搜寻search for＝look for＝hunt for 寻找

search out 找出某人或某物search through 把……仔细搜寻一遍

make a search for...搜查，搜寻

(1)They started off at once __________________ the missing girl.他们立即出发，寻找失踪的女孩。

(2)The police _____________ her ______ drugs.警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。

(3)We have been ____________ the lost boy all over.我们一直在到处找那失踪的男孩。

(4)He __________________ the book and gave it to me.他找出那本书给了我。

(5)He __________ (through) his pockets ______ a cigarette.他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香烟。拓展：

in honor of 为了纪念；为向……表示敬意in praise of 歌颂……；表扬……

in memory of 为纪念……in favor of 赞同，支持

in place of 代替（take the place of）in charge of 负责

in possession of 拥有in control of 控制

in face of 面对……in need/want of 需要

7．belong to 属于；为……的一员

(1)That dictionary ____________ the library.那本词典是图书馆的。

(2)Do you ____________ the trade union？你是工会会员吗？

(3)Where do these plates _______？这些盘子该放在哪？

提示：(1)belong to不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。(2)belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物8．in return 作为回报；作为交换

in return for为……作为……的回报without return 无赚头；无利润

return sb. sth. (＝return sth. to sb.) 将某物归还某人return to some place/life 回到某地/复活

(1)He gave her some roses _____________ her kindness.他送给她一些玫瑰答谢她的好意。

(2)They let us use their computers, and ____________ we give them the results of our research.他们让我们使用他们的电脑，作为交换，我们给他们提供我们的研究成果。

9．at war处于交战状态

at work在上班at play 在玩at peace 处于和平中at school 在上学

at breakfast 在吃早饭at table 在吃饭at desk 在学习 at rest 静止

(1)The two countries have been __________ for years.这两国已经打了好几年仗了。

(2) The insect ___________ looks like a dead leaf.这种昆虫不动时看上去像一片枯叶。

(3)The countries have been ___________ for more than a century.这些国家和平共处已有一个多世纪了。提示：(1)on也可以表示“在……中”，常见搭配有：on duty/sale/fire/strike/business/show等。

(2)under表示“在……中”，常见搭配有：under way/control/repair/construction等。

10．take(sth) apart 拆开，拆散

(1)The Germans ____________ the Amber Room and moved it away.德国人把琥珀屋拆开移走了。

(2)John enjoys ________________ to see how they work.约翰喜欢拆卸东西，以研究它们的工作原理。拓展：apart 是副词，“相距，相隔；分开，分离；在一边”。还可以构成如下短语：

apart from 除……以外know/tell... apart 辨认，区别

stand apart 分开站live apart 分开住

be wide/far apart 相距很远put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.)使某人/某物显得优越或独特

注意：①这些短语中，若代词做宾语，要放在动词与apart 之间。

②apart from有besides 和except 的双重含义。

11．think highly of 看重；器重

think well/much of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价高

think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价低(印象不好)

think nothing/poorly of 不放在眼里；轻视

speak highly of 高度赞扬speak well/ill of 说……好/坏

think of 想起，记得；考虑think of...as...把……当做……

(1)I don't __________________ these so－called improvements to the town center.我对这些所谓的改善市中心的措施评价不高。

(2)We all __________________ her.我们都很看重她。

提示：当think highly/well/much...of用于被动结构时，修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of。

Ⅱ.重点句型详解

1〃Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世永远想象不到他赠给俄罗斯人民的最厚重的礼物会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。

本句中could never have imagined为情态动词表推测的用法，can和could可以用在否定句和疑问句中，后接现在完成式，表示对已发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接进行时，表示对正发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接原形，表示对现在或一般情况的否定推测。

①Could/Can he have been told the news?他被告知这个消息了吗？

②He knew little about Japanese, so he couldn't have learned it. 他对日语一无所知，因此他不可能学过。

③The light is out. They can't be at home.灯灭着，他们现在不可能在家。

拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否定推测；must 表推测只用于肯定句；mustn't表示“禁止；不允许”。情态动词can和must表推测时，其反意疑问句的动词形式要依据主句中有无具体时间状语而定。

(2)could have done用于肯定句，则表示“本来能够做到却没有做到”，此时could不能换成can。

①It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news.看起来他不高兴，他一定已被告知这个坏消息了。②He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the way.他本能够赶上那辆早班车，但是他的自行车在路上坏了。

(1)I ______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.

A．shouldn…t B．couldn't C．mustn't D．needn't

(2)He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.

A．could B．would C．must D．need

2．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的最终所归便成了一个谜。remain a mystery为系表结构，在该结构中，remain为系动词，意为“(继续)保持，仍然处于(某种状态)”，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等做表语。

①Where he has gone remains a mystery.他去哪里了仍然是个谜。

②Shops remain open till late in the evening.商店营业到晚上很晚。

③Much work remains undone. 还有大量的工作未做。

拓展：(1)remain还可用做不及物动词，意为“剩下，还有；(继续)待在某处，继续存在，留下”。

Little of the original architecture remains.原来的建筑现在留存的已经很少了。

(2)辨析remain/stay/keep

①remain继续保持或处于原来的状态。②stay继续保持或处于原来的状态，与remain同义，但后面不接to do或to be done，多接形容词等构成系表结构。③keep需要设法才能保持或处于某种状态。(2008·辽宁)Please remain ______；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

A．seating B．seated C．to seat D．to be seated

易错点拨自我完善·误区备考

1. elect/choose/select/pick

(1)elect“选举；选择”，指在一定的范围内或有限的数量中，遵照一定的规章或法制，用投票或举手等表决方式，以多数为标准，选举出代表或负责人；也含有为完成某任务而选择适用的人员的意思。

(2)choose“挑选；选择”，指从若干人或事物中找出符合要求、满足需要的人或事物。这种选择取决于个人主观意志，带有最终选定的含义。

(3)select“精选”，语气比choose重，而且更正式，强调客观性，挑选对象是同类的。

(4)pick常与out连用，有“挑选，选择”之意，指仔细地、精心地选择，带有挑剔意味，有时可与select 互换，作“拣出，认出”解。

(1)It took her an hour to ___________ a dress that suited her.

(2)Chu has been ___________ to attend the National Young Leaders’Conference.

(3)We have __________ him chairman.(4)You should ____________ friends with care.

2. jewel/jewellery

(1)jewel“宝石，珠宝”，可数名词。如：valuable jewels“值钱的珠宝”。也可引申为“被珍视的东西或人”。

(2)jewellery也可写做jewelry，为不可数名词，是“珠宝”的总称。

(1)He bought a piece of _________ for his wife.(2)His wife is a ___________ to him.

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