COSMOSFloWorks教程中文英文双解版

Goals of This Lesson

这课的目标

Upon successful completion of this lesson, you will be able to understand the basic functionality of COSMOSFloWorks and perform hydraulic analysis to the following part.

在成功的学完这课后，你将能够理解COSMOSFloWorks的基本的功能并且能够对下面的零件进行液压分析

Use COSMOSFloWorks to perform fluid internal analysis on the Valve.SLDPRT part shown to the right.

使用COSMOSFloWorks，在如右边显示的“阀门.SLDPRT”零件上进行流体的内部分析。

The step-by-step instructions are given below.

下面逐步给出操作方法。

Opening the Valve.SLDPRT Document

打开“阀门.SLDPRT”文件

1 Download the file from the course website.

这个文件可以从下载互联网上下载得到。

2 Click File, Open. In the Open dialog box, browse to the

Valve.SLDPRT part locatedin your home folder and click Open(or

double-click the part).

单击“文件，打开”。在“打开”对话窗中，查找浏览阀门所在文件夹找到文件单击“打

开”(或者双击阀门.SLDPRT文件)。

Checking the COSMOSFloWorks Menu

检查COSMOSFloWorks菜单

If COSMOSFloWorks is properly installed, the FloWorks menu appears

on the SolidW orks’ menu ba r. If not:

如果COSMOSFloWorks已经完全安装，那么FloWorks菜单就会出现在SolidWorks的菜单

栏上。如果没有:

1 Click Tools, Add-Ins.The Add-Ins dialog box appears.

单击“工具，插件"。"插件”对话窗弹出。

2 Check COSMOSFloWorks. If COSMOSFloWorks is not in the list,

you need to installCOSMOSFloWorks.

选择COSMOSFloWorks。如果COSMOSFloWorks不是在列表中，你需要重新安装

lCOSMOSFloWorks软件。

3 Click OK. The FloWorks menu appears on the SolidW orks’ menu

bar.

单击“OK”。FloWorks菜单就会出现在SolidWorks的菜单栏上。

Model Description

模型描述

This is a ball valve. Turning the handle closes or opens the valve.

The local hydraulic loss (or resistance) produced by a ball valve installed in a piping system depends on the valve design dimensions and on the handle turning angle. The ball-to-pipe diameter ratio governs the handle turning angle at which the valve becomes closed.

这是一个球阀门。手柄关闭或打开阀门。安装于一个管道系统中的一个球阀门生产的液

压的损失(或者主力)取决于阀门设计尺度和手柄的旋转角度。圆管子直径比率控制阀门

关闭的旋转角度。

The standard engineering definition of a hydraulic resistance of an obstacle in a pipe is the difference between the total pressures (i.e. where a stream is not disturbed by the obstacle) upstream and downstream of the obstacle (the valve in our case) divided by the incoming dynamic head, from which the hydraulic resistance due to the friction over the pipe section is subtracted.

管子中的障碍的液压阻力的标准的工程定义是整个的压力(即之间的差异一条流线在

什么地方被阻碍) 逆流地和顺流地被引入的动态的头划分的障碍(在我们的情况)中的

阀门，其中因为已经减去了有关管子段的摩擦液压阻力。

In this example we will obtain the local hydraulic resistance of the ball valve whose handle is turned by an angle of 40o. The Valve analysis represents a typical COSMOSFloWorks internal analysis.

在这个例子中我们将求解当手柄旋转40°角度时，球阀门的液压阻力。这个阀门分析

例子代表典型的COSMOSFloWorks的内部的分析。

with lids, which are needed to specify inlet and outlet flow boundary conditions on them. In any case, the internal model space filled with a fluid must be fully closed. You simply create lids as additional extrusions covering the openings.

执行内部的流体分析过程，模型开口必须用盖子封闭起来，这就需要在模型上规定入口和出口的流动边界条件。在任何情况下，模型的内部空间充满一种流体模型必须充分封闭。用简单的“拉伸”命令可以为模型开口创造盖子。

Creating Lids

创造盖子

Creating Inlet Lid

创造入口盖子

1 Select the face show in the picture.

选择需要画图的面。

2 Click Sketch on the Sketch toolbar.

在草图工具栏上单击“画图”。

3 Select the tube’s edge.

选择管子的边界。

4 Click Convert Entities on the Sketch tools toolbar

在工具栏上单击“改变实体”

5 Complete the sketch by clicking OK button in the confirmation

corner of the graphics area.

通过在制图区域的确认角中单击“OK”按钮完成草图。

6 Click Extrude Boss/Base on the Features toolbar.

在特性toolbar上单击“拉伸”。

7 In the Extrude Feature Property Manager change the settings

as shown.

? End Condition = Mid Plane

? Depth = 0.005

在“拉伸特性”管理器中改变设置。

结束条件=中间的平面

深度= 0.005

8 Click OK to create the inlet lid.Next, in the same manner we will create the outlet lid.

单击“OK”创造入口盖子。下面，我们将按相同的方式创造出口盖子。

Creating Outlet Lid

创造出口盖子

9 Select the face shown in the picture.

选择需要画图的面。

10 Click Sketch on the Sketch toolbar.

在草图工具栏上单击“画图”。

11 Select the tube’s edge.

选择管子的边界。

12 Repeat the steps 3 to 8 to create the lid at outlet.

重复步骤3到8创造出口盖子

13 Rename the new extrusions Extrude1 and Extrude2 to Inlet Lid and Outlet Lid correspondingly.

给新的拉伸改名“入口盖子”和“出口盖子”符合拉伸1和拉伸2。

Not sure you have created the lids properly? COSMOSFloWorks can easily check your model for possible geometry problems.

是否你已经正确的创造了盖子？COSMOSFloWorks能很容易地检查出你的模型可能出

现的几何学问题。

Checking the Geometry

检查几何学

1 To ensure the model is fully closed, click FloWorks, Tools, Check Geometry.

为了保证模型充分被封闭，单击“FloWorks，工具，检查几何学”。

2 Click Check to calculate the fluid volume of the model. If the fluid volume is equal to zero, the model is not closed.

单击“检查”计算模型的流动的量。如果流动的量等于零，模型就不是被封闭的。

The first step in performing flow analysis is to create a

COSMOSFloWorks project.

在执行流动分析中的第一个步骤是创造一个COSMOSFloWorks项目。

Creating a Project

创造一个项目

1 Click FloWorks, Project, Wizard. The project wizard guides you

through the definition of a new COSMOSFloWorks project.

单击“FloWorks，项目，向导”。项目向导通过一个新的COSMOSFloWorks项目定义来

引导你。

2 In the Project Name dialog box, click Use current(40 degrees).

Each COSMOSFloWorks project is associated with a SolidWorks

configuration. You can attach the project either to the current

SolidWorks configuration or create a new SolidWorks configuration

based on the current one. Click Next.

在“项目名字”对话窗中，单击“使用水流”( 40度)。每一COSMOSFloWorks项目与

一种SolidWorks配置有关。你能的把项目附加到当前的SolidWorks配置或者创造基于当

前的一种新的SolidWorks配置。单击“下一步”。

3 In the Units dialog box you can select the desired system of

units for both input and output (results).

在“单位”对话窗中你能给输入和输出(结果)选择合适的单位。

For this project use the International System SI by default. Click Next.

对于这个缺省的项目使用国际系统“SI”。单击“下一步”。

4 In the Fluid Type and Physical Features dialog box you can select the fluid type.

在“流动的类型和物理的特性”对话窗中你能选择流体的类型。

The selected fluid type is assigned for all fluids in the analysis. This dialog also allows you to specify advanced physical features you want to take into account: heat transfer in solids, high Mach number gas flow, gravitational effects, time settings, laminar only flow, surface-to-surface radiation.

选择的流动的类型对所有分析中的流体是指定的。这个对话也允许你规定你想要考虑的其他先进的物理的特性: 在固体中的热转移，高马赫数字气体流动，重力l产生，时间设置，表面对表面的辐射等。

Specify Liquid and do not use any of the above-mentioned features. Click Next.

规定“液体”并且不使用任何上述的特性。单击“下一步”。

5 In the Analysis Type dialog box you can select either Internal or External type of the flow analysis.Specify Internal type and accept the other default settings.Click Next.

在“分析类型”对话窗中你能选择流动分析的“内部”或者外部类型。指定“内部”类型并且接受其它缺省设置。单击“下一步”。

6 In the Roughness dialog box you can specify the wall roughness value applied by default to all model walls. To specify the roughness value for a specific wall you must create a Real Wall boundary condition. In this project we will not concern rough walls. Click Next.

在“粗糙度”对话窗中你能指定运用于所有模型墙壁被缺省的墙壁粗糙度值。为了你能

给墙壁规定详细的粗糙度值，你必须创造一个“真实的墙壁”边界条件。在这个项目中

我们将不涉及起伏不平的墙壁。单击“下一步”。

7 In the Selecting Fluid Substances dialog box you can select the fluid substances whose flow is analyzed in the COSMOSFloWorks project. Since we use water in this project, double- click the Water SP item in the Database of fluids list taken from COSMOSFloW orks’ Engineering Database.Click Next.

在“选择流动的物质”对话窗中你能选择那种流动的物质在COSMOSFloWorks项目中被

分析。我们在这个项目中使用水，在“流体的数据库”列表中的双击“水SP”物质加

入COSMOSFloWorks的“工程数据库"中. 单击"下一步”。

8 Since we do not intend to calculate heat transfer in solids, the Default Wall Conditions dialog box appears, where you must specify the thermal wall boundary conditions applied by default to all the model walls contacting with the fluid.

因为我们不打算在固体中计算热传导，在“缺省墙壁条件”对话窗弹出时候，在其中你必须选择运用于所有与流体联系的模型墙壁被缺省的热的墙壁边界条件。

For this project accept the default Adiabatic wall feature denoting that all the model walls are heat-insulated. Click Next.

因为这个项目接受缺省“绝热的墙壁"特性指明所有模型墙壁是热绝缘。单击“下一步”。

9 In the Initial and Ambient Conditions dialog box specify initial values of the flow parameters. For steady internal problems these values specified closer to the expected flow field will reduce the analysis time. For this project use the default values. Click Next.

在“初始和环境的条件中"对话窗规定流动参数的初始的值。对于稳定的内部问题指定接近预期流动领域的值将减少分析时间。对于这个项目使用缺省值。单击“下一步”。

10 In the Result Resolution and Geometry Resolution dialog box you can control the analysis accuracy as well as the mesh settings and, through them, the required computer resources (CPU time and memory).For this project accept the default result resolution level 3.

在“结果决定和几何学决定”对话窗中你能控制分析准确性还有格网设置；同时，通过他们，需要的计算机资源(中央控制器时间和记忆)。因为这个项目接受第3缺省结果

决定级别。

Result Resolution governs the solution accuracy that can be interpreted as resolution of calculation results. You specify result resolution in accordance with the desired solution accuracy, available CPU time and computer memory. Because this setting has an influence on the number of generated mesh cells, a more accurate solution requires longer CPU time and more computer

memory.Geometry Resolution(specified through the minimum gap size and the minimum wall thickness) governs proper resolution of geometrical model features by the computational mesh. Naturally, finer Geometry Resolution requires more computer resources.

"结果决定”控制能作为计算结果的解释的准确性。你依据期望的解决准确性，可供使

用的中央控制器时间和计算机记忆规定结果决定。因为这设置有对产生的格网小块的数

量的影响，一种更多准确的解决要求较长的中央控制器时间和更多计算机记忆。几何学

决定(通过最小的间距大小和最小的墙壁厚度)指定通过计算的格网控制几何学的模型

特性的适当的决定。自然地，较好的几何学决定要求更多计算机资源。

Select the Manual specification of the minimum gap size check box and enter 0.04m for the minimum flow passage.

选择“最小的间距大小的手工的说明”复选框并且赋值0.04 m给出最小的流动通道。

Click Next.

单击“下一步”。

11 The Summary dialog box presents you brief general information

about the project specified in the Wizard. Click Finish.

“总结”对话窗把关于项目的你指定的简要信息在“向导”中显示出来。单击“结束"

COSMOSFloWorks Design Tree

COSMOSFloWorks设计树

After the basic part of the project has been created, a new

COSMOSFloWorks design tree tab appears on the right side of

the Configuration Manager tab.

在项目的基本一部分信息创造之后，一个新的COSMOSFloWorks设计树标签出现在配置

管理器标签的左侧

At the same time, in the SolidWorks graphics area a computational domain wireframe box appears. The flow and heat transfer

calculations are performed inside the computational domain. The computational domain is a rectangular prism for both the 3D

analysis and 2D analysis. The Computational Domain boundaries are parallel to the Global Coordinate System planes.

同时，在SolidWorks制图区域会出现一种计算领域线条框。流动和热传导计算在计算的

领域内部被执行。计算的领域是3D分析和2D分析的一个长方形的棱柱。计算的领域边

界是与系统平面平行的。

Now let us specify the other parts of the project.

The next step is specifying Boundary Conditions. Boundary

Conditions are used to specify fluid characteristics at the model inlets and outlets in an internal flow analysis or on model surfaces in an external flow analysis.

现在让我们规定项目的其他部分

下一步规定边界条件。边界条件在内部的流动分析和外部流动分析模型表面上用来指

定模型入口和出口流动的特点。

Specifying Boundary Conditions

规定边界条件

1 Click FloWorks, Insert, Boundary Condition.

单击“FloWorks，插入，边界条件”。

2 Select the Inlet Lid inner face (in contact with the fluid).

To access the inner face, right-click the lid’s outer face and choose Select Other. Right-click the mouse to cycle through the

faces under the cursor until the inner face is highlighted, then click the left mouse button.

选择“入口盖子”内部的面(与流体)接触。访问内部的面，右键单击盖子外部的面并且

选择“选择其它”。通过光标下面的面多次单击鼠标右键直到所有内部的面被显亮，然

后，单击鼠标左边按钮。

The selected face appears in the Faces to apply boundary condition

list.

被选择的面在“面临运用边界条件”列表中出现。

3 In the Type of boundary condition list,select the Inlet Velocity item, and then click the Settings tab.

在“边界条件的类型”列表中，选择“入口速度”项目，并且然后，单击“设置”标签.

4 Double-click the Value cell of the Velocity normal to face item and set it equal to 1(type the value, the units appears automatically).

并且“正常面临的速度”项目的双击“值”部分，设置它等于1 (打出值，单位会自动出现)。

Accept all the other parameters and click OK.

接受所有其它参数和单击“OK”。

By specifying this condition we defined at the ball valve pipe inlet the water enters the valve with the velocity of 1.0 m/s.

通过这个条件我们定义了水以1.0的速度进入球阀门管子入口。

5 Select the Outlet Lid inner face.

选择“出口盖子”内部的面。

In the graphics area, right-click outside the model and select Insert Boundary Condition. The Boundary Condition dialog box appears with the selected face in the Faces to apply boundary condition list.

在制图区域中，在外面模型的右键单击和选择“插入边界条件”。“边界条件”对话窗弹出，上面有被选择者面“面临运用边界”条件列表。

Let us specify pressure on this boundary, otherwise the problem specification is deficient. Before the calculation starts, COSMOSFloWorks checks the specified boundary conditions for mass flow rate balance. The specification of boundary conditions is incorrect if the total mass flow rate on the inlets is not equal to the total mass flow rate on the outlets. In such case the calculation will not start. Also, note that the mass flow rate value is recalculated from the velocity or volume flow rate value specified on an opening. Specifying at least one Pressure opening condition allow us to avoid problems with mass flow rate balance, since the mass flow rate on a Pressure opening is not specified but calculated during solving the problem.

我们指定这条边界规定压力，否则问题说明是不完善的。在计算开始之前，COSMOSFloWorks为大规模流量平衡检查指定的边界条件。如果不等于在出口上的整个的大规模的流量，边界条件的说明入口上的整个的大规模的流量是不正确的。在这样情况下计算将无法进行。同时，注意到率值从在一开放上指定的速度或者量流量值被重新计算的大规模的流动。规定至少一种压力开放条件允许我们避免率平衡不是指定的的大规模流动的问题，自从一种压力开放的大规模的流量以来而是在解决问题期间计算。

6 Click Pressure openings and in the Type of boundary condition list, select the Static Pressure item. Click the Settings tab. 单击“压力开放”和在“边界条件的类型”列表中，选择“静态的压力”项目。单击“设置”标签.

7 Accept the default values for static pressure (101325 Pa), temperature (293.2 K) and all the other parameters.

接受静态的压力( 101325 Pa )，温度( 293.2 K )和所有其它参数缺省值。

8 Click OK .

单击 “OK ”。

By specifying this condition we defined at the ball valve pipe exit that the water has a static pressure of 1 atm.

通过规定这个条件我们在球阀门管子出口定义水有1 atm 的静态的压力。

The model ’s hydraulic losses ξ is calculated as the difference between the model ’s inlet total pressure and the outlet total pressure, △P, divided by the dynamic pressure (dynamic head) determined at the model inlet:

模型的液压的损失ξ作为模型的入口整个的压力和出口整个的压力之间的差异被计算，△P ，被动态的压力(动态的头)划分在模型入口确定:

ξ=(dp)/22

P = (dp)/P dym

where ρ is water density, and V is inlet water velocity, P dyn is the dynamic pressure at nlet. Since we already know (specify) the water velocity and the water density (998.1934 for the specified

temperature of 293.2), then our goal is to determine the total

pressure value at the valve’s inlet and outlet.

ρ是在哪里水密度，并且V是入口水速度，Pdyn是nlet的动态的压力。自从我们已经知

道(规定)水速度和水密度(对于293.2的指定的温度的998.1934 )，然后我们的目标在阀

门的入口和出口是确定整个的压力值。

The easiest and fastest way to find the interested parameter is to specify the corresponding engineering goal.

找到感兴趣的参数的最容易和最快速的方式是规定相应的工程目标。

Engineering goals are the parameters in which the user is

interested. Setting goals is in essence a way of conveying to

COSMOSFloWorks what you are trying to get out of the analysis, as well as a means of reducing the time COSMOSFloWorks takes to reach

a solution. By only selecting the variable which the user desires

accurate values for, COSMOSFloWorks knows which variables are

important to converge upon (the variables selected as goals) and which can be less accurate (the variables not selected as goals) in the interest of time. Goals can be set throughout the entire domain (Global Goals), in a selected area (Surface Goal) or within

a selected volume (V olume Goal). Furthermore, COSMOSFloWorks can

consider the average value, the minimum value or the maximum value for goal settings. You can also define an Equation Goal that is

a goal defined by an equation (basic mathematical functions) with

the existing goals as variables. The equation goal allows you to calculate the parameter of interest (i.e., pressure drop) and keeps this information in the project for later reference.

工程目标是用户是感兴趣的的参数。确定目标传达你试图从分析中出来到

COSMOSFloWorks的一种方式在本质中，还有减少时间COSMOSFloWorks的一种意味着

什么拿达成一种解决。通过仅仅选择用户期望准确值的变量为了，COSMOSFloWorks

知道变量重要向前(变量作为目标选择)哪一个能使为了时间的利益不准确(变量作为目

标不选择)汇聚。目标能在整个整个的领域(全球目标)中被设置，在一个选择的区域(表

面目标)中或者在一选择的量(量目标)之内。进而，COSMOSFloWorks能考虑目标设置

的平均的值，最小的值或者最大限度值。你也能定义被一个方程(基本数学的功能)以现

有的目标作为变量定义的一个目标的一个方程目标。方程目标允许你计算兴趣(即的参

数,压力下跌)并且为了较稍后的参考保持这个信息在项目中。

Specifying Surface Goals

规定表面目标

1 In the COSMOSFloWorks design tree, right-click the Goals icon

and select Insert Surface Goal.

在COSMOSFloWorks设计树中，右键单击“目标”图标和选择“插入表面目标”。

2 Select the inner face of the Inlet Lid.

选择“入口盖子”的内部的面。

To easily select a face, simply click the Inlet Velocity1item in the COSMOSFloWorks design tree. The face belonging to the specified boundary condition is automatically selected and appears in the Faces to apply the surface goal list.

容易地选择一个面，在COSMOSFloWorks设计树中简单地单击“入口速度1”项目。属于指定的边界条件的面在“面临运用表面目标”列表中自动地被选择并且出现。

3 In the Goal type list, select Total Pressure.

在“目标类型”列表中，选择“整个的压力”。

4 Accept the Average Value and agree to Use the goal for convergence control.

接受“平均值”并且同意“为了目标集中控制使用”。

5 Click OK.

单击“OK”。

6 In the COSMOSFloWorks design tree click-pause- click the new SG Average Total Pressure1item and rename it to SG Average Total Pressure Inlet.

在COSMOSFloWorks设计树单击暂停单击新的“SG平均的整个的压力1”项目中并且给它改名到SG平均的整个的压力入口。

7 Right-click the Goals icon again and select Insert Surface Goal.

右键单击“目标”图标再一次选择“插入表面目标”。

8 Click the Static Pressure1item to select the inner face of the Outlet Lid.

单击“静态的压力1”项目选择”出口盖子”的内部的面。

9 In the Goal type list, select Total Pressure.

在“目标类型”列表中，选择“整个的压力”。

10 Accept the Average Value and click OK.

接受“平均值”和单击“OK”。

11 Click-pause-click the new SG Average Total Pressure1item and

rename it to SG Average Total Pressure Outlet.

单击暂停单击新的“SG平均的整个的压力1”项目并且给它改名到SG平均的整个的压力出口。

12 Right-click the Goals icon again and select Insert Surface Goal. 右键单击“目标”图标再一次和选择“插入表面目标”。

13 Click the Inlet Velocity1item to select the inner face of the Inlet Lid.

单击“入口速度1”项目选择“入口盖子”的内部的面。

14 In the Goal type list, select Dynamic Pressure.

在“目标类型”列表中，选择“动态的压力”。

15 Accept the Average Value and click OK.

接受“平均值”和单击“OK”。