辽师英语专业基础英语05 06年考研题翻译答案

用拆字先生的办法，望文生义，家最初显然和猪圈有关，而家的发展，当然是让它越来越不像猪圈。不过，我并不喜欢那些一尘不染的家庭。清洁过了头，家反而不像家。家是给人住的，因此，我想一切都应该以让人不感到别扭为度。过分用心了，人便成了家的奴隶，整天替家当保姆，不值得。一个让人羡慕的家庭布置，都应该是以能促进家庭成员彼此之间的健康和谐为基本前提。一个好的家居，要充满人情味，太干净，太讲究，人情味必打折扣。有的人的家庭，喜欢收拾得仅供外宾参观似的，结果，作为家庭的主人，自己也成了无所适从的客人。

If we ana lyze the word and take it literally,” home” originally, has something to do with the pigsty apparently. Certainly, with its development, a home becomes more and more unlike a pigsty. However, I do not like those spotless houses, for Excessive cleanliness spoils a home. Home is where people live, so everything inside it should make people feel comfortable. If they pay much attention to the cleanliness of house, they will be a slaver of home. And it’s not worth being total housemaid. An admirable domestic setting should at the premise of strengthening the healthy and harmonious relationship among family members. A favorable home should be human friendly and too much detail-picking will lessen its

glamour. Some people like to keep their house tidy as if only for foreign visitors. Ironically, as a result, the home owners also become uneasy guests.

杨柳青青江水平，

Between the willows green the river flows along,

闻郎江上唱歌声。

My beloved in a boat is heard singing a song.

东边日出西边雨，

The west is veiled in rain, the east basks in sunshine,

道是无晴还有晴。

My beloved is as deep in love as the day is fine.

The most intensive(强烈的) study I ever made of tourists was at Torcello,where it is impossible to avoid them.T orcello is a minute island in the Venetian lagoon（泻湖）;here among vineyards and wild flowers,some thirty cottages surround a great cathedral（大教堂）which was being built when William the Conqueror came to England.

我所做过的关于游客的最透彻的研究是在Torcello完成的，在那里你根本没法避开他们。Torcello是威尼斯泻湖上一个很小的岛屿：这里的葡萄园和野花间散布了大概三十间村舍，环绕着建立于征服者威廉到达英国时期的一座大教堂。

A canal and a path lead from the lagoon to the village;the vineyards are intersected （分隔的）by canals ;red and yellow sails （帆船）glide slowly through the vines.Bells from the campanile （钟塔）ring out reproaches three time a day ("cloches,cloches,divins reproches")joined by a chorus from the surrouonding

islands.

一座运河和一条小道将泻湖和村庄连结起来；运河蜿蜒而过将葡萄园隔开；红色和黄色的船帆缓慢地穿梭于葡萄藤之间。钟楼每天三次鸣响谴责曲，届时周围岛屿的钟声也会响起，组成一曲大合唱。

There is an inn(hotle ) where I lived one summer,writing my book and observing the tourists .T orcello which used to be lonely as a cloud has recently become an outing from Venice.Many more visitors than it can comfortably hold pour into it,off the regular steamers,off chartered motor-boats,and off yachts,all day they amble up the towpath,looking for what?

我曾花费一年夏天的时间住在一间小旅馆写作，同时观察形形色色的游客。曾经孤独如一片浮云的Torcello最近成为从威尼斯出发的短途旅游热点。游客之多远远超出了Torcello的

正常接待能力：他们跳下定期汽轮、跳下租借的摩托艇、跳下豪华游艇，蜂拥而至；他们整天都在运河边的小路上漫步，到底在寻找什么？

The cathedral is decorated(装饰) with early mosaics-scences from hell,much restored,and a great sad ，austere（严峻的）Madonna;Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it.

大教堂由早期的马赛克装饰，很好的重现了地狱般风格，其间还有一尊巨大的神情悲伤而严峻的圣母像；拜占庭艺术品味需要后天培养，而真正能够欣赏的游客可能还不到十分之一。

They wander into the church and look round aimlessly.They come out on to the village green and photograph each other in a stone armchair said to be the throne (王座)of Attila.They relentlessly tear at the wild roses which one has seen in bud and longed to see in bloom and which ,for a day have scented the whole island.

他们步入教堂，漫无目的地四处张望。他们走进村庄的绿地中，坐在据说是匈奴王阿提拉坐过的一张石椅上互相拍照。他们无情地将野玫瑰摘走，很多人曾经见过这些玫瑰含苞时的样

子，并且渴望着看到它们盛开时的景象，而且它们曾经在一天内就让整个小岛遍布花香。

As soon as they are picked the roses fade and are thrown into the canal .The Americans visit the inn to eat or drink something.The English declare that they can't afford to do this .They take food which they have brought with them into the vineyard and I am sorry to say leave the devil of a mess behind them.

一经摘取，这些玫瑰很快凋零，随后就被丢弃至运河内。美国人到餐馆里吃喝。英国人声称他们负担不起这样的花费，他们将自带的食物拿到葡萄园里，我很遗憾地说他们留下一片狼藉。

Every Thursday Germans come up the towpath,marching as to war,with a

Leader .There is a standing order for fifty luncheons at the inn;while they eat the Leader lectures them through a megaphone .

每周四德国人沿运河边的小路上来，跟着导游，就像奔赴战场一样。在餐馆里他们总会要50桌正餐；在他们吃饭时，他们的导游通过扩音器向他们演讲。

After luncheon they march into the cathedral and undergo another lecture.They ,at least,know what they are seeing .Then they march back to their boat.They are tidy;they leave no litter.

午餐后他们长驱直入到教堂内，再听取导游的另一次讲座。至少他们知道他们在看什么。随后他们整齐划一地退回到他们的船上。他们很整洁；不留任何垃圾。

More interesting,however,than the behaviour of the tourists is that of the islanders.As they are obliged,whether they like it or not,to live in public during the whole summer,they very naturally try to extract some financial benefit from this state of affairs.

然而岛上居民的行为比游客更有趣。由于他们被迫整个夏天都生活在公众视野之下，无论他们喜爱与否，他们很自然的想从这样的状况中极力获取一些经济利益.

The Italian is a born actor;between the first boat from Venice ,at 11a.m. and the last on which the ordinary tourist leaves at 6p.m.,the island is turned into a stage with all the natives playing a part.

意大利人是天生的演员；上午11点从威尼斯开来第一班船，下午6点普通的游客会乘最后一班船离开，在此期间，整个小岛变成一个所有本地人都参与进来的一个大舞台。

Young men from Burano,the next island,dress up as gondoliers and ferry tourists from the steamer to the village in sandolos.One of them brings a dreadful little brother called Erin who pesters everybody to buy the dead bodies of

sea-horses,painted gold.

隔壁的布拉诺岛年轻人装扮成刚朵拉船（Gondola）的船夫，用桑德拉船（Sandolo）将游

客从汽轮摆渡到岛上的村子来。其中一人带着他名叫艾瑞克的令很多人很讨厌的弟弟，他纠缠所有人让他们买漆成金黄色的海马的死尸。

"Buona fortuna",he chants.I got very fond of Eric.Sweet-faced old women sit at the cottage doors selling postcards and trinkets and apparently making point de Venise lace.

他嘴里不断重复着意大利语的“祝您好运”。我很喜欢艾瑞克。面色和蔼的上了年纪的女人们坐在村舍的门口卖明信片和小装饰品，而且很显然她们也在做针绣缎带。

They have really got it ,on sale or return,from relations in Burano ,where it is made by young girls.Old women ,with toil-worn hands,cannot do such fine work.

而实际上，她们是通过关系从布拉诺岛批发或回收过来的，那里的年轻姑娘们制作了这些缎带。上了年纪的女人是无法用她们饱经风霜的手做出如此精细的活计的。

It is supposed that the tourists are more likely to buy if they think they see the lace being made,but hardly any of them seem to appreciate its marvellous

quality.Babies toddle about offering four-leafed clovers and hoping for a tip.

一般认为游客看到这些缎带是现做的话会更愿意购买，但实际上似乎很少有人欣赏缎带的不同凡响的质地。极小的小孩子们步伐蹒跚的四处走动，将有四片叶子的三叶草递到人们面前，希望能够得到一些小费。

More cries of "Buona fortuna ".The priest organizes holy processions to coincide with the arrival of the steamer.And so the play goes on.

这时会有更多的意大利语的“祝您好运”四下响起。在汽轮到来的同时，神父开始组织神圣的宗教游行。这出戏就这样继续下来。

The tourists are almost incredibly mean,they hardly leave anything on the island except empty cigarette boxes and flapping Daily Mails .The lace is expensive,but they might buy a few postcards or shell necklaces and give the children some pennies;they seem to have hearts of stone.

游客们几乎都吝啬的让人难以置信，除了空的烟盒和窸窣作响的《每日邮报》，他们几乎什么都不留下。缎带很昂贵，但是他们也许会买一些明信片或贝壳项链，给小孩子几分钱；他们的心似乎是石头做的。

As soon as the last boat has gone,down comes the curtain .The "gondoliers" shed their white linen jackets and silly straw hats and go back to Burano,taking Eric highly dissatisfied with his earnings and saying if this goes on he will die of hunger.

这出戏的大幕随着最后一班船的离去降了下来。那些“刚朵拉船夫”脱下他们的白色亚麻外套和傻气的草帽回到布拉诺去了，他们带着艾瑞克一起，艾瑞克对他的收入极为不满，他说如

果继续这样的话他将会饿死。

The sweet old women let the smiles fade from their faces,put away their

lace-making pillows, and turn to ordinary activities of village life such as drowning kittens.

那些面色和蔼的老太太们收起她们的笑容，把她们假装用来绣东西的枕头放到一旁，回复到诸如淹死小猫之类的正常的乡村生活。

The father of the clover babies creeps about on his knees finding four-leafed clovers for the next day.The evening reproaches ring out ,the moon comes up ,the flapping Daily Mails blow into the lagoon.Torcello is itself again.

那些三叶草小孩们的父亲跪在地上到处搜寻有四片叶子的三叶草，以备第二天使用。晚钟鸣响，月影乍现，飞舞的《每日邮报》落入湖面。Torcello又回复了本来面目。

Loneliness... An American Malady

孤独——一种美国症

Carson McCullers

卡森.麦克卡勒

1 This city, New York -- consider the people in it, the eight million of us. An English friend of mine, when asked why he lived in New York City, said that he liked it here because he could be so alone. While it was my friend‘s desire to be alone, the aloneness of many Americans who live in cities is an involuntary and fearful thing. It has been said that loneliness is the great American malady.

What is the nature of this loneliness? [开始定义] It would seem essentially to be a quest for identity.

译文

想想看，我们这个城市、纽约，有八百万人。人家问我们的一个朋友，为什么住在纽约。他说，他喜欢住在这，是因为能够与世隔绝，不受干扰。他喜欢一个人住。可是许多美国城里人，却不愿意孤独，他们怕孤独。人家说，孤独是一种不得了的美国症。孤独的本质是什么？它看来主要就是要寻

求‘我是谁’的答案。