航运有关术语

《Shipping-related Terms 航运有关术语》

A. 承运人

Shipping Lines 航运公司

Common carriers 公共承运人

OCC Ocean Common Carrier 远洋公共承运人

VOCC Vessel-Operating Common Carrier 船舶承运人

Vessel Sharing Carriers 共用舱位承运人

NVOCC 无船承运人

Master NVOCC 主装无船承运人

Tendering NVOCC 交运货物的无船承运人

Contract NVOCC 签约无船承运人

MTO Multi-modal Transport Operator 多式联运经营人

An MTO deals with all matters in relation to the conveyance of cargo entrusted to him from the point of shipment to the place of delivery, documentation and arrangements with sub-contractors at various breaking points to facilitate expeditious movement of cargo. In most cases it is necessary for him to appoint agents or correspondents at various points or even maintain subsidiary concerns at important transshipping points to attend to all the work necessary in connection with the movement of cargo. He assumes responsibility for the performance of the contract.

MTO Marine Terminal Operator 海运码头经营者

Vessel Operation MTO 经营多式联运的船舶承运人

NVO-MTO may be a road operator/rail operator/

airline operator/freight forwarder 不营运船舶的多式联运经营人Controlled Carrier 受控承运人

Rates must be “just and reasonable” – compensatory.

运价必须是”公正的和合理的“－具有补偿性的

30 days notice required to increase or reduce tariff rates.

运价的上涨和下调登记30天后生效

Conference Carrier 公会承运人

Independent carriers 独立承运人

9th largest carrier serving the US 美线第9大承运人

Consortium ( Group of carriers pooling resources in a trade lane

to maximize their resources effectively ) 联盟

Alliance 联盟

Ｂ. 竞争

Competitors 竞争对手

Player 竞争参与者（对手）

Foreclose from 。。排斥在外

To preserve legitimate competition among all common carriers

保持公共承运人之间的合法竞争

C. 运输模式、网络

Transportation Network 运输网络

Pendulum Service 钟摆式服务模式

Loop Service 环扣式服务模式

Trunk Service / Line 干线

Feeder Service vessel employed in normally short sea routes to fetch or carry

goods/containers to and from ocean-going vessels 支线

Common Feeder 公共支线

Coastal Transport 沿海运输

Barge / Lighter 驳船

D. 船

Self-owned Vessels 自有船

Time-chartered Vessels 期租船

Inbound Vessel / Homebound 进口（回程）船

Outgoing / Outbound Vessel 出口船

Liner Vessel plying a regular trade against a published sailing schedule 班轮

Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a container 箱位

E. 航班/ 次

A weekly sailing 周班

A fixed day sailing 定日航班

A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班

A fortnight sailing 双周班

A bi-weekly sailing 周双班

A monthly sailing 每月班

On-schedule arrival / departure 准班抵离

Sailing frequency 航次密度

ETA Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 预计到达时间

ETB Estimated（Expected）Time of Berthing 预计靠泊时间

ETCD Estimated Time of Commencing Discharge 预计开卸时间

ETCL Estimated Time of Commencing Loading 预计开装时间

ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 预计离泊时间

The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to change without prior notice。船期/船舶如有变更将不作事先通知

Closing Date Last day on which export cargo can be accepted 截止申报时间

for a nominated sailing.

Cut-off time Latest possible time the cargo may be delivered to 截关日

the vessel or designated point。

F. 港

Base Port 基本港

POD Port of Discharge （DPORT）/ port of delivery 卸港

POD place of delivery 卸货地

Port of Arrival / Departure 抵达/ 驶离港

POL Port of Loading （LPORT）装港

Port of Call 挂港

2nd Leg 第二挂港

FND Final Destination 交货目的地

end of carrier liability where carrier delivers the cargo to consignee

Skip Over 跳（甩）港

Change of port of call 改港

Optional Port 选择港

COD Change of Destination 更改目的地（改港）

Deviate 弯（绕）港

Diversions the route of a shipment changed in transit from that shown on B/L 弯港

Port congestion 压港（港口拥挤）

Lay Time in Port 在港装卸时间

G．码头

Intercoastal water service between points on the Atlantic and

the Pacific Coasts 美国东西岸水路运输

Intermodal movement of cargo or container between motor，rail or water carriers 多式联运

Port / Port 9 港口/码头（上港九区）

Dock 码头

Quay 码头

Terminal 班轮靠泊码头

Container Terminal also referred to as a Container Yard (CY), A facility that

receives full export containers from one shipper to loading

the vessel and delivers full import containers to the consignee

after; it is the same location where ocean vessels are loaded

& unloaded. 集装箱码头

Wharf 靠泊码头

Jetty 突堤码头

STEVES Stevedores 码头工人

Docker 码头工人

Berth 泊位

Loading Berth 装箱泊位

Quayside / Apron 码头前沿

Depot container freight station or a designated area where empty

containers can be picked up or dropped off 集装箱堆场/储运站

Container Loading List 集装箱装船报

Bay plan 预配图/ 集装箱船积载图（表）

Slot No。舱位（号码）

Pallet A platform with/without sides，on which packages

may be loaded to facilitate handling 托盘

Stacking Yard 集装箱堆场

Bay number 排数

Row number 列数

Tier number 层高数

L/W/H Length/Width/Height 长/宽/高

On Deck containers 甲板以上装箱

Under Deck containers ( below ship containers) 甲板以下装箱

The ratio of under deck and on deck containers

being 3 : 1 甲板上与舱内箱位数量比3：1

Deck storage, normally treated as being stowed under deck,

is definitely prone to accidents. 虽风险较大甲板装箱仍应视同舱内装箱

The capacity utility rate 箱位利用率

Load Factor percentage of loaded containers against total capacity

of vessel or allocation 装船率（所装箱量占全船箱位或口岸配额之比例）

TDR Terminal Departure Report 离码头报告

H．装、拆箱

Pack/Stuff/Van （-ing）stowing cargo in a container 装箱

Devanning the removal of cargo from a container。

Also known as unstuffing，unpacking，unloading or stripping 拆箱

Consolidation ( the combination of many small shipments into one container ) 拼装

CLP Container Load Plan A document prepared to show all details of cargo

loaded in a container e.g. weight ( individual and total), measurement,

markings, shippers, consignees, the origin & destination of goods

and location of cargo within the container 集装箱配载图

Container Number the unique identification of a container 箱号

Seal 集装箱箱封

Container Seal Number the number of high security seals provided by the carrier 箱封号Locked and Sealed 集装箱已锁妥、封好

Partial Shipment 分批装运

I．吊

Shore Crane / Gantry Crane 岸吊

Portainer集装箱岸吊

Mobile Crane 汽车吊

Fork Lift 叉车

Loading Platform 装卸平台

J．保税

Bonded Area 保税区

Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保税货物

Bonded Warehouse 保税库

Caged stored at bonded warehouse 进入海关监管

K．集卡

Road Transportation 公路运输

Lorry with IC Card 有白卡的集卡

Chassis a wheeled flat bed or a trailer to accommodate

containers moving over the road 集卡

Tractor 牵引车/拖头

Low-bed 低平板车

Trailer 拖车

Transporter 拖车

DST Double Stack Train，capable of carrying 2 x 40’可装2个高（双层）的火车

Trucking Company 车队（汽车运输公司）

Haulage / Drayage 驳运/汽车陆运

Truck Transfer 汽车驳运

Axle load 轴负荷

Tire-load 轮胎负荷

Toll Gate 收费口

L．船代

Shipping agent 船舶代理

Local shipping agent 当地船代

Handling Agent 操作代理

Booking Agent the party who secures FOB cargo 订舱代理

Shipping Agency network 代理网络

Boarding Agent / Clerk 代理外勤（登轮）

Cargo Canvassing 揽货

FFF Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金

Brokerage / Commission 佣金

M．供应

Procurement 采购

Ship-chandler 船舶供应商

Bunker Supplier 船舶燃料供应公司

Seamen’s Club 海员俱乐部

Travel Agency 旅行社

Couriers UPS/TNT/HDS/EMS 快递

N．订舱

Booking 订舱

Booking Note 订舱单

Booking Number 订舱号

Dock Receipt a form used to acknowledge receipt of cargo at a pier 场站收据

M/F (Manifest ) a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单Cable/Telex Release 电放

A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书

PIC Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员

The said party 所涉及的一方

On Board B/L A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have been placed on board a certain vessel。Used to satisfy the requirements of a L/C On Board提单Shut-Out containers/goods not carried on intended vessel 漏装箱

Missed Voyage Container 漏装箱

Cancellation 退关箱

O．中转

In bound vessel or cargo going to port of discharge or final destination 进口

In transit 中转

Transportation hub 中转港

Strategically located hubs 地处战略要地的中转港

T/S Transshipping / Transshipment 转运/转口

MLB Mini-Land Bridge / Mini-Bridge

cargo moving from/to an inland destination on one B/L from/to a foreign port through 2 US ports 小陆桥Mislaid in transit 中转途中错卸

BP Base Port 基本港

Prompt release 即时放行

Permit for its unloading 允许卸船

PTT Permit to Transfer 中转货出港放行证

Transit time 航程时间/ 中转时间

Cargo availability at destination in。。货物运抵目的地Second Carrier （第）二程船

On carriage / second carriage 二程运输