2013职称英语综合类新增文章
阅读理解第五篇：The Travels of lbn Battuta
"I left Tangier, my birthplace, the l3th of June l325 with the intention of making the pilgrimage. [to Mecca]…to leave all my friends both female and male, to abandon my home as birds abandon their nests." So begins an old manuscript in a library in Paris—the travel journal of Ibn Battuta.
Almost two centuries before Columbus, this young Moroccan set off for Mecca, returning home three decades later as one of history's great travelers. Driven by curiosity, he journeyed to remote corners of the Islamic world, traveling through 44 modern countries,three times as far as Marco Polo. Little celebrated in the West2,his name is well known among Arabs.In his hometown of Tangier, a square, a hotel, a cafe, a ferry boat,and even a hamburger are named after him.
Ibn Battuta stayed in Mecca as a student for several years, but the urge to travel soon took over.In one adventure, he traveled to India seeking profitable employment with the Sultan of Delhi.3On the way, he described his group being attacked in the open country by 80 men on foot, and two horsemen: "we fought…killing one of their horsemen and about twelve of the foot soldiers…l was hit by an arrow and my horse by another, but God in his grace preserved me.... We carried the h eads of the slain to the castle of Abu Bak'har…and suspended them from the wall." In Delhi, the sultan gave him the position of judge, based on his prior study at Mecca. But the sultan had an unpredictable character, and Ibn Battuta looked for an opportunity to leave. When the sultan offered to finance a trip to China, he agreed. Ibn Battuta set off in three ships, but misfortune struck while he was still on the shore.A sudden storm grounded and broke up two ships, scattering treasure and drowning many people and horses. As he watched, the third ship, with all his belongings and slaves--one carrying his child--was carried out to sea and never heard from again.
After a lifetime of incredible adventures,Ibn Battuta was finally ordered by the Sultan of Morocco to return home to share his wisdom with the world. Fortunately, he consented and wrote a book that has been translated into numerous languages, allowing people everywhere to read about his unparalleled journeys.
词汇：
pilgrimage n. 朝圣，远游
ferry n. 渡船
slain slay的过去分词
slay v. 杀死，杀戮
sultan n. 苏丹(伊斯兰教国王，某些伊斯兰国家统治者的称号)
suspend vt. 吊，挂；暂停
finance v. 给……提供资金
scatter Vt. 撒播，驱散；vi.消散
consent vt. 同意，赞成
unparalleled adj. 无比的，空前的，绝无仅有的
the open country 野外
foot soldier 步兵
注释：
1. …with the intention of making the pilgrimage…打算去朝圣……
2. Little celebrated in the West...虽然在西方社会不怎么知名……
3. ...seeking profitable employment with the Sultan of Deuli...在德里的苏丹王那里谋到了一份收入颇丰的工作。
练习：
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A) Visitors to Mecca. B) The adventures of Ibn Battuta.
C) lbn Battuta’s character D)Asian countries of the l4th century
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to set off for in line?
A) left to go to. B) discussed.C) arrived at. D) decided upon.
3. The Sultan of Delhi gave Ibn Battuta a position of judge because .
A) the sultan needed a translator. B) Ibn Battuta had been a judge before.
C) Ibn Battuta had studied in Mecca. D) Ibn Battuta had traveled to many countries.
4.Which of the following would the writer of this passage most likely agree with?
A) Ibn Battuta’s journeys were very common for people of that time.
B) Ibn Battuta’s stories are probably not true.
C) Ibn Battuta’s journey was less important than Marco Polo’s.
D) Ibn Battuta should be better known in the West today.
5. Why did Ibn Battuta finally return to his home?
A) He was tired of traveling. B) He didn’t have any more money.
C) He feared the Sultan of Delhi. D) The Sultan of Morocco asked him to return.
答案与题解：
1. B 根据本文的内容以及标题(The Travels of Ibn Battuta)，我们可以很快排除选项A、C和D。所以答案为B(The adventures of Ibn Battuta).
2. A 从第一行我们知道伊本白图泰的家乡是丹吉尔，所以第五行中set off词组后提到的麦加必然是伊本白图泰要去的城市，想必他是离开家乡前往麦加。因此，对比四个选项之后，我们不难发现正确答案为A(1eft to go to)。
3. C 在第三段第七行中，我们可以发现本题的答案：因为有在麦加的学习经历，德里的苏丹王给伊本白图泰安排了法官的工作。因此，对比四个选项之后，我们不难发现正确答案为C(Ibn Battuta had studied in Mecca)。
4. D 选项A的意思是：在他那个时代的人看来，伊本白图泰的经历很普通。结合本文内容我们知道该选项必然是错误的，故排除A。选项B的意思是：伊本白图泰的游历故事可能是虚构的。根据本文的内容我们可以知道伊本白图泰在历史上确有其人，他的游历经历也是真实的，甚至他的游历故事还被写成了书流传后世，所以该选项不对，故排除B。选项C的意思是：伊本白图泰的游历没有马可波罗的游历重要。根据本文，我们知道伊本白图泰的经历虽然在西方社会不如马可波罗那么有名，但他的故事在阿拉伯世界是家喻户晓。文中并没有出现对比他们俩的信息，所以我们不能武断地说谁的游历就一定比另一位的重要，故排除选项C。因此，本题正确答案为D(在现今的西方世界，伊本白图泰应该会比以前更有名)。
5. D 在第四段前两行中，我们会发现：最后摩洛哥的苏丹王要求游历一生的伊本白图泰回家和世人分享他的智慧。定位这条信息之后，我们再来对比四个选项就不难发现本题的正确答案为D(摩洛哥的苏丹王要求他回家)。
阅读理解第三篇：Shark Attack!
Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, scanning the distance for his next wave,when his board suddenly stopped moving.He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. "I could have touched its eye with my elbow." says Craig. The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn’t heard a thing.
In his horror and confusion, he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark's teeth. He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water. Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers, the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below.
Although sharks are often categorized as killers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate.Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightning or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. Only 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the Iast century. But great white sharks Can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more. With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth arranged in several rows. They could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great whites? Shark researchers are trying to comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten.
The most common explanation is that great whites don't see well.It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals or sea lions which make up a large part of their diet.There is reason to doubt this, however.Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals. Great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard.They soon discover that humans are not a high—fat meal. "They spit us out because we’re too bony." says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center for Shark Research.
Shark researchers like Martin hypothesize that great whites are actually curious animals that like to investigate things. It’s possible that they use the ir bite not only to kill and eat, but also to gather information.Although such an experience is unlucky for people like Craig Rogers, when sharks bite surfboards or other objects or people, they are likely just trying to learn what they are.
词汇：
scam. vt. 审视，细看，浏览
seal n. 海豹
elbow n. 肘，肘部
reef n. 礁，暗礁
surface n. 表面，外表；vi.浮出水面，浮现
quest n. 搜索，寻求，追求
drown vi. 淹死，溺死
mistake for 错认为，误认为
注释：
1. …cut two of his fingers on the shark’s teeth…被鲨鱼咬掉了两个手指。
2. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightning or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. 比起被鲨鱼杀死，人类更有可能被闪电击中或是淹死在浴缸中。
练习：
1. After Craig Rogers fell into the water,the shark .
A) bit his surfboard B) bit his fingers C) swam away D) attacked him
2. It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites .
A) often let humans escape B) kill humans
C) have so many teeth D) grow to six meters or more
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 0f paragraph 4?
A) create. B) are. C) increase. D) depend upon.
4. The word their in line 2 0f paragraph 4 means .
A) people’s B) great whites’ C) sea lions’ D) seals’
5. What is the main idea of the forth paragraph?
A) Great whites eat low—fat,bony meals more slowly.
B) Great whites see well enough to include seals,sea lions,and humans in their diet.
C) We now know great whites don’t mistake humans for other animals.
D) There is reason to doubt that great whites see well enough to attack humans.
答案与题解：
1. C选项A(鲨鱼咬冲浪板)和B(鲨鱼咬他的手指)两个选项发生在Craig落水之前，故排除这两项。从第二段第三行可以得到如下信息：当Craig落入水中，手指上的鲜血在水中散开之时。这条五米长的鲨鱼却自己游走了。此信息排除了选项D(鲨鱼攻击他)，因此答案为C (鲨鱼自己游走了)。
2. A从第二段第一行我们可以看出：鲨鱼被人类视为杀手，这是一条常识，很容易理解，因此选项B(杀人)被排除。而选项C(有很多牙)和D(长到六米长或是更长)只是对鲨鱼的简单描述，也属于常识；而且文中并未出现对它们的质疑，说明作者也默认了这两条常识。因此选项C和D也被排除。所以答案是A(常常让人类逃脱)，这在文中第三段得到了验证，
第三段整段就是在说虽然鲨鱼可以轻松杀死人类，但是它们却很少杀人。第三段最后两行甚至提到就连鲨鱼研究者们都在尽力寻找人类屡屡能鲨口逃生的原因，这就更能证明选项A
是正确答案。
3. B本题要求读者根据上下文的语境猜测第四段第二行斜体标出的词组make up的意思。结合make up词组前出现的单词seal和sea lion以及它后面出现的词组a large part of their diet，通过常识我们可以猜出：海豹和海狮应该是鲨鱼的主要食物来源。比对四个选项，我们可以发现选项A(创造)、选项C(增加)和选项D(依靠)在意思上都说不通，代入原文无法构成有意义的一句话。因此只有选项B(是)在意思上和make up最为接近，代入原文也说得通。在本文中，词组make up的意思为：组成，构成。
4. B本题要求读者根据上下文的语境猜测第四段第二行斜体标出的单词their的意思。结合第四段前两行的内容，我们可以很容易推测出，在这里their指代的是the great whites(大白鲨)。因此答案为B。
5. C本题要求读者总结出第四段的主要内容。第四段主要介绍的是：人们起初以大白鲨视力不好为由来解释人类为何屡屡鲨口脱险。但是最近的信息表明大白鲨的视力并不差，不会把人类误认为是海豹或海狮。大白鲨不吃人是由于它们觉得人类太瘦，没有海狮和海豹的肉那么肥。对比四个选项：选项A略显片面，不是本段的主要内容，故排除。选项B中提到大白鲨也把人类当作食物来源，这点是错误的，故排除B。选项D中说的是人们开始怀疑这一论断的正确性，但是选项D的表述和文中的信息正好相反；人们现在开始怀疑的是“大白鲨由于视力不好才去攻击人类”这一论断，而不是“大自鲨由于视力很好才去攻击人类”，故排除D。所以正确答案为C(我们现在知道大白鲨不会把人类误以为是其他动物)。
第八篇：How We Form First Impression
l We all have first impression of someone we just met.But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her-aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits.
2 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world.Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person's eyes, ears, nose or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different1. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information-the sights and sounds of your world.These incoming "signals" are compared against2 a host of "memories" stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals "mean".
3 If you see someone you know and like at school3, your brain says "familiar and safe." If you see someone new, it says, "new-potentially threatening". Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other "known" memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures,and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics.the more your brain may say, "This is new. I don’t like this person". 0r else,"m intrigued". Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures-like your other friends; so your brain says:"I like this person." But these preliminary "impressions" can be dead wrong4.
4 When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking(not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child)that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others.Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people-their history, interest, values,s trengths, and true character-we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks.
5 However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person’s character, we use a different,more mature style of thinking—and the most complex areas of our cortex, Which allow us to be humane.
词汇：
trait n. 特点，特征，特性
host n. 一大群，许多
simplistic adj. 过分单纯化的
sensory adj. 感官的，感觉的
categorical adj.绝对的
cortex n.脑皮层
jock adj. 骗子
ethnicity n. 种族特点
geek n. 反常的人
intrigue v. 激起兴趣
stereotype V. 对……产生成见；
freak n. 怪人
humane adj. 有人情味的，人文的
注释：
1. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits,even very minor difference in how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. 从even开始到as different是个结果状语从句，相当于that even very minor…, 而that是与主句中的so呼应的。
2. against:和……对比
3. If you see someone you know and like at school...:如果你在学校看到某个你认识而且喜欢的人……like在这里是动词。
4. dead wrongr:相当于completely wrong。dead wrong是口语表达用语。
练习：
1.Paragraph 2
2.Paragraph 3
3.Paragraph 4
4.Paragraph 5
A. Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic
B. Comment on First Impression
C. Illustration of First Impression
D. Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against
E. Threatening Aspect of First Impression
F. Differences Among Jocks,Geeks and Freaks
5. Sensory information is one that is perceived through .
6. You interpret by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.
7. The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking,which is similar to .
8.We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to .
A. a stranger’s less mature type of thinking
B. the most complex areas of our cortex
C. the meaning form of thinking of a very young child
D. the meaning of incoming sensory information
E. the sights and sounds of the world
F. an opportunity to analyze different form of thinking
答案与题解：
1. D 本段叙述的是人脑解读感官信息的过程。
2. C 本段举例说明第一印象解读的过程，将第二段叙述的内容具体化。
3. B 本段对第一印象进行了评论，说第一印象不成熟，simplistic and categorical。
4. A 本段说如果我们与某个人多接触，了解他的生活、希望、梦想和性格特征，我们就不会停留在第一印象的阶段，对该人的认识进入一个更深的层次。
5. E 选E的依据在第二段的第三句。
6. D 选D的依据在第二段的最后两句。sensory information的意思就是information perceived through sensory organs(视觉、听觉、味觉、触觉、嗅觉等)。
7.C 选C的依据在第四段的第一句，该句是：When we stereotype people,we use a less mature form of thinking(not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child)that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others.
8.B选B的依据在第五段第二句。
概括大意第五篇：US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty
1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world l.Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(FCTC)this week at the United Nations.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US call implement its provisions.
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly,including the United States,last year.Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies2.
3 For instance.cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30％of the front and back of every pack3.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places,and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.It also requires bans on tobacco advertising,though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States.where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 The impact of the treaty could be huge.The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly
5 million people worldwide every year.In the US alone,about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses；about one-third of all cancels in the US are caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue.WHO estimates.by 2025 tobacco will kill l0 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.So far.109 countries have signed it,and l2 have ratified it.
词汇：
ratify vt. 批准；认可
advertising n. 做广告，登广告
enact vt. 使(法案等)成为法律；通过(法案等)；颁布(法令等)
prohibit v. 禁止；不准
outright aaj. 完全的，彻底的
cessation n. 停止，休止
注释：
1.The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world.美国朝着批准一项全球性烟草协议迈出了第一步。该协议有望在世界范围内控制使用烟草所产生的致命性影响。
2.Countries that ratify it would be required tO enact strict tobacco control policies.批准该协议的国家将被要求制定严格的烟草控制政策。
3.For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30％of the front and back of every pack.例如，在那些国家出售的香烟将必须在每包烟正反面至少30％的地方注明吸烟有害健康的警告。
练习：
1. Paragraph l
2. Paragraph 2
3. Paragraph 3
4. Paragraph 4
A. What the FCTC Demands
B. US Signing of the FCTC
C. Opposition to the FCTC
D. How the FCTC Came into Being
E. What the FCTC Will Bring about
F. Ratification of the FCTC
5. Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward .
6. Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to,among other things, .
7. It is hoped that the FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths .
8. Much more countries have signed the FCTC than those that .
A. Have ratified it
B. approving it
C. implement its provisions
D. restrict smoking in public places
E. caused by tobacco use
D. including higher tobacco taxes
答案与题解：
1. B 文章第一段主要讲美国朝着批准一项全球性烟草协议迈出了第一步，这一步指的就是美国本周在联合国签署了烟草控制框架性协议(FCTC)一事。
2. D 文章第二段简要介绍了烟草控制框架性协议的形成过程。
3. A 文章第三段列举了烟草控制框架性协议的一些具体要求。
4. E 文章第四段通过列举吸烟所造成的危害旨在说明实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生的影响。
5. B 通过文章的第一句可知，签署烟草控制框架性协议只是批准该协议的第一步。
6. D 文章第二段说，通过烟草控制框架性协议的国家必须实施严格的烟草控制措施，而文章的第三段便列举了具体应实施的措施，其中便包括限制在公共场所吸烟。
7. E 文章第四段的第一句说，实施烟草控制框架性协议将产生巨大的影响。接下来便列举了吸烟所造成的巨大危害。可见人们希望该协议的实施将大大减少吸烟所造成的危害，尤其是大量的死亡。
8. A 从文章的第五段可知，签署烟草控制框架性协议的国家的数量大大超过通过该协议的国家的数量。
Starting a New Tradition
Shantelle Davis is a nine-year-old girl in New York.On a cold night in December. Her family is standing around the kitchen table while she lights a candle. The table is decorated with baskets of fruits and vegetables and ears of corn for Shantelle and her two brothers.
"This candle represents umoja, an African word that means being together, "Shantelle says."That’s the most important thing for a family." Tonight is the first night of Kwanza a,and Shantelle is spending the holiday with her family. More than 5 million African Americans celebrate Kwanzaa every year from December 26 until January l. It’s a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors in Africal.
Kwanzaa is very unusual because it was started by one man. In l966, an American named Maulana Karenga wanted a holiday for African. Americans to honor their culture and traditions. So he used words and customs from Africa to create a new celebration. He took the name Kwanzaa from the words for "first fruits" in Swahili, an African language.At first, a few American families had small celebrations at home. Now there are also Kwanzaa events in schools and public places,and Kwanzaa has spread to other countries like Canada and Jamaica.
The main symbol of Kwanzaa is a candleholder with seven candies, one for each of the principles of Kwanzaa. Each night, a family member lights one of the candles and talks about the idea it represents: being together,being yourself, helping each other,sharing,having a goal, creating,and believing. The candles are red, black, and green, the colors of Kwanzaa. The parents also pour drinks to honor family members who have died.On the last night of Kwanzaa, there is a big dinner with African food, and children receive small presents.
Today people can buy Kwanzaa greeting cards and special Kwanzaa clothes. Stores sell Kwanzaa candles and candleholders. Some people don’t believe that Kwanzaa is a real holiday, because it’s so new. But other people say that customs and celebrations are always changing and that Kwanzaa shows what is important in people’s lives. Shantelle Davis says she likes Kwanzaa because it’s fun." But I also learn new things every year," she says.
词汇：
ancestor n. 祖宗，祖先
be decorated with 由……所装饰
honor vt. 尊敬,使荣幸；n.荣誉，尊敬
ears of corn 玉米穗
candleholder n. 烛台
注释：
1. It’s a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors in Africa.这段时间里他们和家人待在一起缅怀他们的历史和非洲的祖先。
2.…shows what is important in people’s fives...展现了人们生活中重要的东西。
练习：
1. Kwanzaa is celebrated at the end of the year.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. Kwanzaa is a holiday for African-Americans.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. Kwanzaa is a very old holiday.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. People in Africa celebrate Kwanzaa.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. People spend a lot of time with their families during Kwanzaa.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. Children receive presents at the end of Kwanzaa.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. Everyone thinks Kwanzaa is an important holiday.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案与题解：
1. A在第三段第二行我们可以发现：超过500万的非洲裔美国人每年从l2月26日到l 月1日庆祝宽扎节。所以题干的表述(人们在年底庆祝宽扎节)是正确的，答案为A。
2. A从第四段前四行所述的内容中我们可以发现：为了向自己的文化和传统致敬，l966年美国人马拉那·卡林加为非洲裔美国人创立了宽扎节。因此，题干的表述(宽扎节是为非洲裔美国人创立的节日)是正确的，答案为A。
3. B 在第二题中我们知道宽扎节创立于1966年，并且文中第六段第三行也提到：一些人认为宽扎节的历史并不久远。所以，从以上两点我们可以得出结论：题干的表述(宽扎节的历史非常悠久)是错误的，答案为B。
4. C 从整篇文章中我们知道宽扎节最初是为非洲裔美国人创立的,之后宽扎节的传统
又流传到诸如加拿大、牙买加等其他国家(这一信息可以从第四段最后一行得到)。但是文中并未提及非洲人民是否也庆祝宽扎节，因此这一题的题干信息(非洲人民庆祝宽扎节)并没在文中给出，答案为C。
5. A 在第三段最后两行中，作者提到：这段时间里非洲裔美国人和家人待在一起缅怀历史和非洲的祖先。所以题干中的表述(宽扎节期间人民花很多时间和家人待在一起)是正确的，答案为A。
6 .A 在第五段最后两行中，作者提到：在宽扎节的最后一夜会有一顿非洲风味的大餐，并且孩子们会收到小礼物。所以，题干的表述(孩子们在宽扎节即将结束时收到礼物)是正确的，答案为A。
7. B 在第六段第二行末尾，作者提到：由于宽扎节的历史并不久远，一些人认为它并不是一个真正的节日。从这里我们可以看出题干的表述(每个人都认为宽扎节是一个重要的节日)不正确，故答案为B。
Taking Pictures of the World
Meet Annie Griffiths Belt, a National Geographic photographer. Belt has worked for National Geographic since l978,and has taken pictures on almost every continent in the world.In fact, Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasn't seen yet.
Belt’s photographs are well known for their beauty and high quality.They also reflect very different cultures and regions of the world.Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra, Jordan, as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England.Recently, her pictures appeared in a book about undeveloped natural places in North America.
Everywhere that Belt goes, she takes pictures of people. Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language." The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into people’s lives."she has said."The camera is like a passport, and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me!"
Knowing how to break the ice has helped to make Belt a successful photographer. But experts say that anyone can learn to connect with new people. When people speak the same language, greetings and small talk can make strangers feel more comfortable with each other. When people don't speak the same language, a smile is very helpful.Having something in common can also help break the ice. For example, Belt has traveled with her two children, so when she takes pictures of children or their parents, they all have that family connection in common. Even bad weather can help people to connect when they are experiencing it together.
Belt has some advice if you are thinking about a career in photography. You can volunteer to take pictures for a local organization that can't afford to hire a professional photographer. You can also take a good, honest look at your best photographs. If you're a real photographer, your photos are good because of your personal and technical skills. Belt also recommends studying and learning from photos taken by professional photographers.
Remember, the next time you look at a beautiful photograph, you might be looking at the work of Annie Griffiths Belt.And the next time you meet a new per son, don’t be afraid to break the ice. The connection you make could be very rewarding.
词汇：
landscape n. 风景，风景画
rewarding aaj. 值得的，有益的，有报酬的
privilege n. 特权，优惠
nationality n. 国籍，民族
think about 考虑
overwhelm vt. 征服；使受不了，使不知所措
注释：
1. I am often overwh elmed by…我常常被……搞得不知所措。
2. Having something in common can also help break the ice.彼此的共同点也有助于打开话题。
练习：
1. Belt has never traveled to England.
A .Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
2. Belt has never traveled to Antarctica.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. Belt has worked for a number of magazines.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. Petra is a very old city in Jordan.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. Belt can only connect with English-speakers.
A. Right
B.Wrong
C.NOt mentioned
6. People can connect with each other in bad weather.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. Volunteering is one way to begin a photography career.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案与题解：
1. B 在第二段第三行，作者提到贝尔特曾经为英格兰湖区的美景拍过照片，那她自然就去过英格兰。因此，这一题题干的表述(贝尔特从没去过英格兰)明显是错误的。
2. A 第一段第三行说到南极洲是贝尔特唯一没亲眼见过的大洲，那么她必然没去过南极洲。所以这一题题干的表述(贝尔特从没去过南极洲)是正确的。
3. C 第一段第一行提到贝尔特从l978年就开始为《国家地理》杂志工作，但是并无其他信息，所以我们无从得知在1978年之前，贝尔特是否还为其他杂志工作过。所以我们既没法说贝尔特只为《国家地理》一家杂志工作过，也没法说贝尔特在很多家杂志工作过。因而，我们无法在文中找到这一题题干所表述的信息(贝尔特在很多家杂志工作过)，答案只能是C。
4. A 在第二段第二行，作者提到贝尔特曾经在约旦的古城佩特拉进行过拍摄，这迎合题干的表述(佩特拉是一座古老的约旦城市)。所以答案为A。
5. B 在第三段第一行第二句话，作者提到：在语言不通的情况下，贝尔特找到了和不同年龄、不同民族的人沟通的方法。而题干中的表述(贝尔特只能和会说英语的人沟通)和文中的信息完全不符，所以答案为B。
6. A 在第四段第七行，作者提到：一起体验坏天气可以帮助人们增进相互间的交流。这和题干的表述(人们在坏天气下可以相互沟通)基本一致，所以答案为A。
7. A 第五段第一行提到贝尔特为希望从事摄影行业的人提供了一些建议：当个志愿者为没钱请专业摄影师的地方机构拍摄照片。这和题干的表述(做一名志愿者是开始摄影生涯的一种方式)基本吻合，所以答案为A。
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.
A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
2013中石油职称英语考试课文详解
1.The V alue of Time时间的价值 1."Time" says the proverb "is money". This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets. If our time is usefully employed, it will either produce some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our capacities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. There can thus be no doubt that time is convertible into money. Let those who think nothing of wasting time remember this; let them remember that an hour misspent is equivalent to the loss of a banknote; and that an hour utilized is tantamount to so much silver or gold; and then they will probably think twice before they give their consent to the loss of any part of their time. 1.employ v. 使用，采用，雇佣，使忙于 employer n. 雇主，老板 employee n. 雇员，从业人员 employment n. 使用，职业，雇佣 Employment rate 就业率，雇用率 2.Either …or… 要么…要么…; 二者择一的 Neither… nor… 两者都不 Both… and… 两者都 3.fetch 取来，接来，到达 4.add to增添，添加，加强 5.so as to 以便，以致 6.enable sb to do sth 使得某人做某事 7.There is no doubt that…毫无疑问 8.think nothing of… 把… 视为平常 think a lot of… 看重；对… 高度评价 9.convertible adj. 可改变的，可交换的 convert v. … into… 使转变，转换，使…改变信仰 10.be equivalent to… 11.be tantamount to…相当于…; 无异于的 If you say one thing is tantamount to another, more serious thing, you are emphasizing how bad, unacceptable, or unfortunate the first thing is by comparing it to the second thing. 例句：What Bracey is saying is tantamount to heresy. 布里斯正在说的无异于异端邪说。 12.Think twice再三考虑，重新考虑 think twice about doing sth. 三思而后再决定做某事 13.Give one’s consent（n.）to sth…同意，赞成 例句：At approximately 11:30 p.m., pollard finally gave his consent to the search. 大约晚上11：30的时候，波拉得终于对搜查予以同意。
2015年全国职称英语考试 理工类新增文章汇总 考试重点内容 word版 全网独一份
2015年全国职称英语考试理工类新增文章汇总 word版全网独一份 注：押题皇后王霞老师授意，新增文章仍然是考试热门文章，务必掌 握。 2015年职称英语教材理工类的变动比较小，一共只有5篇新增文章。2015年职称英语教材理工类新增的5篇文章，分布在阅读理解和补全短文：阅读理解理工C和理工B各新增一篇文章；补全短文理工A、B和C各新增一篇文章。完形填空理工类整体都没有新增文章。
理工C阅读理解新增文章 第九篇An Essential Scientific Process All life on the earth depends upon green plants. Using sunlight, the plants produce their own food. Then animals feed upon the plants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’s not all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is used by the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animals and other organisms to live. The process of changing light into food and oxygen is called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also use water and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. The carbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. The carbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of green plants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophylls that give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules that trap light energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose. Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of the stomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent of water a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. During the daytime, the stomata of most plants are open. This allows carbon dioxide to enter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is not needed. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops. If photosynthesis ceased, there would be little food or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. The earth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet. 词汇： nutrient n.营养物 organism n.生物体，有机体 carbon dioxide n.二氧化碳 chloroplast n.叶绿体 molecule n.分子 vapor n.水蒸气 oxygen n.氧气 photosynthesis n.光合作用 chlorophyll n.叶绿素 glucose n.葡萄糖 cease v.停止 注释： 1．Then animals feed upon the plants.动物以植物为食。 练习： 1．In the first paragraph，the word “excess” means Aheavy. Bextra. Cgreen. Dliquid.
2013年职称英语考试理工类复习笔记
2013年职称英语考试理工类复习笔记 一、动词 从一定意义上讲，英语语法就是动词的语法，因此，掌握动词的特性、变化、句型是学习英语语法的重中之重。为了能更好地理解下面的讲课内容，首先要搞清动词的几个基本概念。 1) be 动词和do动词：be动词也称状态动词，用于说明状态或性质，主要用于构成英语的主系表句型;do动词也称为行为动词，分及物动词和不及物动词; 2) 及物动词和不及物动词：不及物动词后面不跟宾语, 也没有被动语态; 及物动词后面一定要有宾语; 3) 双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)结构和复合宾语(宾语+ 宾语补足语)结构：比较下面两个句子： My mother made me a cake.(母亲给我做了块蛋糕。) My father made me a doctor. (父亲把我培养成一名医生。) 第一句是双宾语结构，即My mother made a cake for me. 第二句是复合宾语结构，其句法功能为：My father made me (to) be a doctor (I am a doctor). 说明复合宾语结构中，宾语和宾语补足语之间有"主谓关系".
4) 情态动词：must, should, ought to, can, may, need, used to 等动词称为情态动词，有三大特征：A. 不受主语人称和数的影响，如：He may go now. / May I go now? 句中may的形式不变;B. 否定时在后面加not, 如：You ought not to have cheated her. C. 与另一动词连用，中间不用+ " to ", 如上举例。 请根据上述原则，(从语法角度)说出以下那种表达方式是对的： A. She needs to see a doctor. B. She doesn't need to see a doctor. C. Does she need to see a doctor? D. She needs not see a doctor. E. She needn't see a doctor. F. She doesn't need see a doctor. G. She needs see a doctor. 从语法角度看，A、B、C、E是对的。 5) 助动词：帮助实意动词构成某种结构的词，如: He did come yesterday; I saw him in the office.(他昨天确实来了;我在办公室见到他的。——表示强调) 五个基本句型 考研网校医药网校外语网校公务员网校网络课堂网上学习建筑网校
职称英语考试理工类B级真题及答案
2014职称英语《理工B》真题及答案(代码22) 第一部分：词汇选项 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 1. The majority of people around here are decent. A. real B. honest C. normal D. wealthy 答案：D 2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid. A. hidden B. traditional C. inflexible D. official 答案：C 3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation. A. furnish B. copy C. publish D. summarize 答案：A 4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down. A. excitement B. disappointment C. anger D. calm 答案：B 5. Several windows had been smashed. A. cleaned
C. fixed D. broken 答案：D 6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning. A. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results 答案：A 7. London quickly became a flourishing port. A. major B. large C. successful D. commercial 答案：C 8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day. A. homework B. justice C. model D. act 答案：D 9. He led a very moral life. A. human B. intelligent C. natural D. honourable 答案：D 好学教育2015年职称英语考试过关课程课件汇总：https://www.360docs.net/doc/9711010758.html,/RhFad1W 10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.
2013年职称英语真题及答案解析(理工类C)
2013年职称英语真题理工C（含答案解析） 第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events. A. bring B. separate C. put D. set 2. The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me. A. real B. whole C. same D. strange 3. That performance was pretty impressive. A. completely B. very C. Beautifully D. equally 4. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. A. throw B. seized C. broke D. stretched 5. The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. A. structure B. bottom C. Surface D. top 6. We found shelter from the rain under the trees. A. defense B. protection C standing D. room 7. “There is no other choice.” She sa id in a harsh voice. A. firm B. soft C. deep D. unkind 8. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning. A. border B. goal C. level D. peak 9. We have to change the public’s perception that money is everything. A. sight B. belief C. interest D. pressure 10. This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.
职称英语新增文章一
职称英语新增文章一 职称英语文章一 1. On the night of August 17, 1959, at about 20 minutes before midnight, the ground in the vicinity of Yellowstone National Park began shaking violently. At the time there was a rumbling sound, something like a huge truck would make. Both the heaving of the ground and the noise were very frightening but lasted not quite 45 seconds. 1、1959年8月17日的晚上，大约午夜前20分钟，黄石国家公园附近大地开始猛烈 摇动。同时，大地发出如同重型卡车发出的轰响。大地的升降和啸叫都令人非常害怕，但 是一切不超过45秒。 2. What was even more frightening was the sound of huge boulders which began rolling down the steep mountain. In one part of the upper reaches of the Madison River, a whole mountain began shifting, then came crashing down to fill the deep valley and dam the great river with millions of tons rock and trees. 2、更令人害怕的是巨石开始从陡峭的山上滚下来的声音。在麦迪生河上游的一条支 流处，一整座山开始移动，之后，它崩塌下来填满深深的山谷，上百万吨岩石和大树如坝 般阻挡住大河。 3. A dozen or more campers along the river were buried deep beneath the great landslide. Others were able to climb to safety, some of them badly hurt, but were trapped by the slide. Finally these people were saved, many of them by helicopter. 3、十几个，或许更多沿河的露营者被深埋在大滑坡下。幸存的野营者开始爬向较安 全的地方，其中一些人伤得很重，仍然不时陷入滑坡。最后这些人都获救了，其中多人得 救于直升飞机。 4. This earthquake near Yellowstone Park was just one of nearly a million that happen every year all over the world. And as bad as this quake was, many have been worse. Earthquake experts say that the Yellowstone quake of 1959 was about as bad as the one which hit San Francisco in 1906.But the San Francisco quake caused more damage because it struck in a place where there were so many people living. In San Francisco 700 person lost their lives. An earthquake in Japan in 1923 took 160,000 lives. In china in 1920 an earthquake took 200,000 lives. It is easy to understand why earthquake are so feared.
职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题
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