音标

一、单元音：[i:]、[i]、[?:]、[?]、[u:]、[u]、[?:]、[?]、[ɑ:]、[?]、[e]、[æ]

[i:]――谐音为：易（yi）；像数字1，记忆真容易。

[?:]――谐音为：噢（0）；噢，这个音标就像个o。

[u:]――谐音为：雾（wu）；杯子上有很多雾。

[?:]――谐音为：饿（e）；一只鹅饿得晕倒了。

[ɑ:]――谐音为：啊（a）；音标的读音跟拼音一样。

[e]――谐音为：夜（ye）；这只鹅喜欢走夜路。

二、双元音：[ei]、[ai]、[?i]、[i?]、[??]、[u?]、[au]、[?u]

[ei]――谐音为：妹（mei）；鹅有一个妹妹。

[ai]――谐音为：爱（ai）；音标的读音跟拼音一样。

[?i]――这个音标找不到拼音的谐音，可以按照字母o、i的发音连读来进行谐音记忆。

[i?]――谐音和外形都像：12

[??]――谐音为：挨饿；外形像3只鹅；三只鹅都在挨饿。

[u?]――谐音为：屋鹅；一屋子的鹅都装在杯子里。

[au]――谐音为：傲（ao）；一个杯子很骄傲，不让人拿它喝水。

[?u]――谐音为：鸥（ou）；一只鹅在杯子里找海鸥。

三、辅音：[θ]、[ð]、[?]、[?]

（注：多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大，可以通过拼音来进行谐音；还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体，我们的记忆方法主要是针对这四个辅音。）

其中，[θ]和[e]这两个音标，它们没有近似的拼音来对应，主要靠嘴形来记忆。

[θ]――外形像上下牙齿咬着舌头；[e]――外形则像舌头顶在上下牙齿之间。

而[?]和[?]这两个音标，则可以找到近似的拼音来作为谐音。

[?]――谐音为：嘘（xu）；嘘，这里有条很长的蛇，赶快保持安静！

[?]――谐音为：雨（yu）；外形像3。今天下了3场大雨。

元音字母读音例词

a 在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中[æ] bag dad hat map black back

e 在开音节中[i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中[ou] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中[C] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中[∧] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母读音例词

a在[w]音后面[C] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前[ou] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前[∧] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a [E]E China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

e [E] hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o [E] second tonight somebody welcome

[Eu] also zero photo

u [E] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

arar在[w]音后面[α:] car farm dark sharpener

[C:] warm quarter towards

oror在[w]音后面[C:] forty morning short

[E:] word worker worse

er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如：carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

are [εE] care dare hare

ere [iE] here mere

ire [aiE] fire hire wire

ore [C:] more score before

ure [juE] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play

air [εE] air hair chair pair repair

alal在f m前[C] small ball talk wall all

always also salt almost

half calm

au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear [iE] hear dear near clear year

[εE] bear pear wear swear

[E:] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three

eer [iE] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s后[ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后[i:] piece field receive

oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor

oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet

oo [u:] broom food tooth school

book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down

[ou] know row throw though

[∧] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our [C:] course your four

[auE] our hour ours

[E:] journey

ui在j l r s后[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群读音例词

ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey

ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [Fn] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后[Vn] vision decision occasion

-tion在s后[tFEn] question suggestion

-sten [sn] listen

-stle [sl] whistle

-sure [VE] pleasure measure

-ture [tFE] picture culture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:] 有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳+ day[ei]日子＞

Sunday 星期天holy神圣+ day[ei]日子＞holiday 假日break中断+ fast[α:]斋戒＞breakfast[E] 早餐cup茶杯+ board木板[C:] ＞cupboard[E] 碗柜

九、辅字组的读音

辅字组读音例词

b bike bus bag

[/] bomb tomb

cc在e前或在i/y前[k] cake picture coat music

[s] face decide cinema

ch [tF] much chick rich teacher

[k] school headache chemistry

[F] machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock

d [d] doctor bread hand day

-dge [dV] bridge fridge

dr- [dr] children driver drink

f [f] five four breakfast

gg在e i/y前[^] bag garden go

[dV] orange large German

gh [f] cough enough

[/] light daughter high

gu- -guegu在非重读音节中[^] guess league dialogue

[^w] language anguish

h [h] hot head house hand

[/] hour honest

j [dV] jeep jar joke join July

k [k] kind bike skate make week

kn- [n] knife know knock

l [l] life milk school tall

m [m] monkey come autumn

-mn [m] autumn column solemn

nn在[k] [g]音前[n] not shine ten note

[N] uncle thank hungry

-ng [N] morning young wrong

p [p] paper plane pig ship pen

ph [f] elephant photo telephone

q [k] Iraq

qu- [kw] quality quite

r [r] red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s] sit sleep desk

[z] music husband

sc- [sk] scarlet

[s] muscle science

sh [F] she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前[t] ten letter meet

[F] patient nation

tch [tF] watch

th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中[θ] thin thirty method

[T] the these with than

[T] clothe fathe r weather

tr- [tr] tree train country truck

v [v] very voice love leave

w [w] week win wake sweet wait

[/] Answer two

wh-wh-在字母o前[w] what when white why

[h] who whose whole

x在重读元音前[ks] box text exercise

[gz] example exist exact

wr- [r] write

y- [j] yes yard yellow young

z [z] puzzle zero zoo