试卷大学英语四级试题

阅读理解
Directions:In this section there are some passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements with four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You are supposed to read the passage and make the best choice to complete each question or unfinished statement. Then type the answer in the blank on the web page.
题 38—42
Passage 1
In 1874 a traveler wrote in poetic terms to Sydney's Town and Country Journal about the beauty of Armidale and its healthy climate. "No wander", he wrote. "that priests and ranchers and officials have found in Armidale a chosen seat and rest satisfied."
The first white settlers moved into the New England area in the 1830's seeking timber and pastureland for stock. The beautiful New England Plateau, which rises in parts to more than 1600 meters and which is Australia's largest highland area, was ideal for these pursuits. The government appointed George Macdonal as Commissioner for Crown Lands of New England in 1839. He named his headquarters Armidale. Within 50 years Armidale was a thriving town of more than 5,000 people. The population had been boosted from the 1850s onwards by Gold Rushes to places such as Rocky River near Uralla, 20 kilometers to the south- east, and Hillgrove, some 25 kilometers to the east. A further boost came with the Great Northern Railway -- the line to Armidale was opened early in 1883. And so, with Armidale strategically placed almost midway between Sydney and Brisbane, there was little to hold development back. Officially it had become a municipality in 1863 and was proclaimed a cathedral city in 1885.

38. "A chosen seat" in the passage means ____.
A. a seat in the office or in the church
B. a reserved seat on the cattle market
C. a place chosen for certain activities
D. a place chosen for entertainment

39. From the second paragraph, we learn the New England area seems quite naturally suitable for ____.
A. both timber industry and raising cattle and sheep
B. both forest and stock exchange
C. both timber industry and keeping goods in the mountains
D. both timber industry and timber stocking

40. "Commissioner", in the second paragraph, may mean____.
A. a member of the regional committee
B. the regional official governing the area
C. head of the regional committee
D. the regional official crowned by the Queen

41. What brought great convenience to the area was ____.
A. the population boost
B. Rocky River
C. the Gold Rushes
D. the Great Northern Railway

42. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? ____
A. Armidale, a Cathedral city
B. Some history of Armidale
C. The Story of Armidale
D. How White Settlers Found





题 43—47
Passage 2
For those who moved to the developing suburbs after the Second World War, they represented an escape from urban overcrowding to a home of one's own-preferably one with an attached two-car garage-on a little half-acre of tree-shaded land

. It also meant daily commutation to work by railroad or expressway, a lawn to cut, and a mortgage to pay off over the years.
Nobody approves of life in the suburbs but the people who live there. Urban critics argue that the people who live in suburbs enjoy all the cultural, educational, and commercial advantages that cities offer without paying for them. Farmers worry about losing their farms to uncontrolled suburban spreading. The suburbs have also been criticized for the monotonous sameness of their design and for their inability to protect their inhabitants from the problems of the larger society in which they live.
On the other hand, defenders of the suburbs argue that the life-style that they offer is more varied and includes more things than the cities admit. There are many different kinds of suburbs and a variety of people living in them. While the development of the suburbs has created problems, it has also provided substantial modern housing for millions of people. Suburban living offers the best of two worlds - the city and the country - at a price that many are able to afford.
Many people will always prefer the excitement of pace and life in the city, while others will want the quieter pace of life in the country. But, for those in either city or country who are willing to compromise, the suburbs are waiting.

43. One of the arguments against life in the suburbs is that ____.
A. suburbs are the compromise between the city and the country
B. suburbs lack variety in their design
C. suburbs are far away from downtown area
D. suburbs lack the pace of city life

44. Which of the following is NOT stated as a characteristic of suburban life?____
A. Daily commutation.
B. Mortgage payment.
C. Home ownership.
D. Apartment living.

45. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of living in suburbs?____
A. Suburbs provide modern housing for lots of people.
B. Living in suburbs costs less than living in cities
C. People living in suburbs enjoy more living space
D. Suburban living offer more educational opportunities

46. Living in the suburbs is especially fit for those who ____.
A. prefer the excitement of city life
B. want the quieter life in the country
C. enjoy both city as well as suburban life
D. cannot afford to buy a house in the city

47. The author of this passage ____.
A. holds a neutral attitude to urban and suburban living
B. prefers to live in the country than live in the city
C. is critical of suburban living
D. puts stress on the negative aspects of city life




快速阅读
Directions:In this section you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.
题 48—57
Passage 1
Climate Change
Climate change is with us. A decade ago, it was a guess. Now the future is unfolding before our eyes. Canada's Inuit see it in disappearing Arctic ice and permafrost(永久冻结带). The shantytown dwellers of Latin America and Southern Asia se

e it in lethal storms and floods. Europeans see it in disappearing glaciers, forest fires and fatal heat waves.
Scientists see it in tree rings, ancient coral(珊瑚虫) and bubbles trapped in ice cores. These reveal that the world has not been as warm as it is now for a millennium or more. The three warmest years on record have all occurred since 1998; 19 of the warmest 20 since 1980. And Earth has probably never warmed as fast as in the past 30 years -- a period when natural influences on global temperatures, such as solar cycles and volcanoes should have cooled us down.
Climatologists reporting for the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) say we are seeing global warming caused by human activities. The felling down of trees that largely decrease the photosynthesis(光合作用) to absorb CO2 and the burning of coal, oil and natural gas that gives out great amount of CO2 in the air all result in the increasing of temperatures.
Global Greenhouse
People are causing the change by burning nature's vast stores of coal, oil and natural gas. This releases billions of tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) every year, although the changes may actually have started with the dawn of agriculture, say some scientists.
The physics of the "greenhouse effect" has been a matter of scientific fact for a century. CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps the Sun's radiation within the troposphere (对流层), the lower atmosphere. It has accumulated along with other man-made greenhouse gases, such as methane (沼气)and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)(碳氟化合物). Some studies suggest that cosmic rays may also be involved in warming.
If current trends continue, we will raise atmospheric CO2 concentrations to double pre-industrial levels during this century. That will probably be enough to raise global temperatures by around 2℃to 5℃. And the trend is still going on. Some warming is certain, but the degree will be determined by cycles involving melting ice, the oceans, water vapour, clouds and changes to vegetation and plants.
Warming is bringing other unpredictable changes. Melting glaciers and precipitation are causing some rivers to overflow, while evaporation is emptying others. Diseases are Spreading, especially in tropical areas. Some crops grow faster than before while others see yields slashed greatly by disease and drought. Clashes over dwindling water resources may cause conflicts in many regions.
As natural ecosystems -- such as coral reefs -- are disrupted, biodiversity is reduced. Most species cannot migrate fast enough to keep up, though others are already evolving in responses to warming. This has resulted to the extinction (or close extinction) of some species and put a lot of species in danger. In addition, for those who have adapted to the new environment, the amount of the species is increasing in great deal.
Thermal expansion of the oceans, combined with melting ice on land, is also raising sea levels. In this century, hum

an activity could trigger an irreversible melting of the Greenland ice sheet. This would condemn the world to a rise in sea level of six metres -- enough to flood land occupied by billions of people. And this is one fear that almost all scientists hold in heart.
The global warming would be more pronounced if it were not for sulphur particles(亚硫酸颗粒)and other pollutants that shade us, and because forests and oceans absorb around half of the CO2 we produce. But the accumulation rate of atmospheric CO2 has doubled since 2001, suggesting that nature's ability to absorb the gas could now be stretched to the limit. Recent research suggests that natural CO2 "sinks", like peat bogs(泥炭沼) and forests, are actually starting to release CO2.
Deeper Cuts
Greenhouse Effect has already become a global concern that requires all nations to involve in. At the Earth Summit in 1992, the world on the whole agreed to prevent "dangerous" climate change. The first step was the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which will now finally come into force during 2005. It will bring modest emission reductions from industrialised countries. But many observers say deeper cuts are needed and developing nations, which have large and growing populations, and increasing greenhouse emissions, will one day have to join in the move.
Some, including the US Bush administration, say the scientific uncertainty over the pace of climate change is grounds for delaying action. The US and Australia have reneged(食言) on Kyot0. But most scientists believe we are under-estimating the dangers.
In any case, according to the IPCC, the world needs to quickly improve the efficiency of its energy usage and develop renewable non-carbon fuels like: wind, solar, tidal, wave and perhaps unclear power. It also means developing new methods of converting this clean energy into motive power, like hydrogen fuel cells for cars. And as a matter of fact, some industrial countries have already started to go this way and achieved fairly good results.
Other less conventional solutions include ideas to stave off(避开) warming by "mega-engineering" the planet with giant mirrors to deflect the Sun's rays, seeding the oceans with iron to generate alga(藻类) blooms, or burying greenhouse gases below the sea.
Whatever the methods we use, the bottom line is that we will need to cut CO2 emissions by 70% to 80% simply to stabilise atmospheric CO2 concentrations -- and thus temperatures. The quicker we do that, the less unbearably hot our future world will be. And this is the task that has been put before human beings.

48. Climate change, once just a guess by people, now has become reality.____
Y
N
NG

49. Different areas have experienced different effects of the climate change.____
Y
N
NG

50. The warmest year on record occurred in 1998.____
Y
N
NG

51. The climate changes have started with the dawn of agriculture.____
Y
N
NG

52. CO2 is the only greenhouse gas that will

trap the Sun's radiation within the troposphere.____
Y
N
NG

53. The sea level is going to rise due to the melting ice on land caused by increasing temperature.____
Y
N
NG

54. Because people have been paying too much attention to the sulphur particles and other pollutants, they overlooked another problem, global warming.____
Y
N
NG

55. 1997 Kyoto Protocol finally becomes effective in.

56. The US Bush administration says the scientific uncertainty over the pace of climate change is causes for.

57. No matter what the methods we use, the final result is that we will need to decrease CO2 emissions by 70% to 80% simply to stabilise .




选词填空
Directions:There are some blanks in the following passage taken from certain textbooks and reading materials. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the list given below. Change the forms of the words where necessary. Please type your answers on the web page. 题 58—67
Passage 1
partner; into; dominate; away; angle; between; for; victim; opposite; eternal; confine; in; however; oppose; angle

If a person looks you in the eye continuously while he is speaking to you, you are likely to be disconcerted. It is as if he were trying to 58 you. A bad liar usually gives himself 59 by looking too long at his 60 , in the mistaken belief that to "look a man straight in the eye" is a sign of honest dealing. 61 , it may be that the 62 is true. In fact, continuous eye contact is usually 63 to lovers, who gaze into each other's eyes 64 an eternity, conveying meanings that words cannot express, and baffling onlookers 65 the bargain. There is even meaning to be found 66 how close people stand to each other and at what 67 . We may stand side by side, or face to face, which is more intimate, or at some intermediate angle in between.


完形填空
Directions:In this section, you will read a passage with some blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then type the corresponding letter on the web page. 题 68—87
Passage 1
Both botany(植物学) and zoology are parts of a more general field of science, biology. The two are studies of 68_____ things, which share certain characteristics, 69_____ they are plants or animals. Botany deals with plants, 70_____ organisms that can manufacture their own 71_____ by the use of sunlight. 72_____, on the other hand, deals with animals, those organisms that cannot manufacture their own food and are 73_____ dependent on plants for their food.
Plants and animals 74_____ many abilities, but the extent 75_____ which plants can exercise some of those abilities is 76_____ For example, both plants and animals need food, water, and warmth for growth, but plants can 77_____ to acquire those needs only by the slow 78_____ of their leaves and roots, 79_____ animals can move large distances in relatively 80_____ time. When an animal is hurt wit

h a needle, the animal will 81_____ the part of the body being 82_____. This ability to draw back 83_____ pain or irritation, called irritability, is 84_____ only to a very limited extent in plants.
If plants have the same 85_____ and irritability as animals, animals would have a more difficult time finding food. If animals were as limited as plants, they might have evolved a 86_____ of manufacturing their own food, as plants do now. The world would be a very difficult place than it is if the characteristics of the plants and animals were 87_____.

68.
A. alive
B. living
C. livable
D. lively
69.
A. whether
B. if
C. either
D. neither
70.
A. whose
B. which
C. what
D. those
71.
A. food
B. warmth
C. moisture
D. air
72.
A. Botany
B. Zoology
C. Chemistry
D. Biology
73.
A. thus
B. however
C. furthermore
D. moreover
74.
A. achieve
B. own
C. share
D. require
75.
A. within
B. beyond
C. to
D. at
76.
A. limited
B. unlimited
C. definite
D. indefinite
77.
A. run
B. go
C. move
D. do
78.
A. extension
B. extent
C. existence
D. extraction
79.
A. meanwhile
B. while
C. when
D. where
80.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
81.
A. extent
B. develop
C. achieve
D. withdraw
82.
A. destroyed
B. damaged
C. hurt
D. cut
83.
A. on
B. off
C. from
D. in
84.
A. found
B. known
C. understood
D. believed
85.
A. movements
B. mobility
C. moving
D. motions
86.
A. mean
B. means
C. trick
D. trap
87.
A. revised
B. reviewed
C. reexamined
D. reversed



单句翻译（汉译英）
Directions:In this section you are required to translate some Chinese sentences into English. Type your translation on the web page. 题 88
88. 此外，大自然还为鹿提供进一步的保护以帮助它们度过冬天。
____




题 89
89. 因此，若你晚上喝酒太多，你或许会发现自己驾驶技能在次日上午仍受到影响，你甚至会发现你仍然高于（酒精的〕法定界限。
____




题 90
90. 每一年，管理部门都给雇员们加薪以赶上通货膨胀。(match)
____




题 91
91. 他的手指碰到了一个隐藏在沙子里的开口的轮廓。
____




题 92
92. 答案在于由工作、由完成工作的活动所激发起来的那一种自豪感。
____




命题作文
Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the given topic. Your composition should meet the word limit set by the test syllabus at this level. You should base your composition on the outlines provided and then type your composition in the box below. 题 93
93. In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic " Travelling". The first sentence of each paragraph is given. Your part of writing should be no less than 120 words.
1. People who like travelling have their reasons….
2. Those who dislike travelling have their reasons….
3. In practice, travelling does more th

an harm….