深入浅出的it

深入浅出的it
深入浅出的it

什么是Node.js?

Node.js在2009年诞生。

Node.js不是JS应用,而是JS运行平台

Node.js采用C++语言编写而成,是一个Javascript的运行环境。

提到Javascript,大家首先想到的是日常使用的浏览器,现代浏览器包含了各种组件,包括渲染引擎、Javascript引擎等,其中Javascript引擎负责解释执行网页中的Javascript代码。

作为Web前端最重要的语言之一,Javascript一直是前端工程师的专利。不过,Node.js是一个后端的Javascript运行环境(支持的系统包括*nux、Windows),这意味着你可以编写系统级或者服务器端的Javascript代码,交给Node.js来解释执行,简单的命令类似于

#node helloworld.js

Node.js采用了Google Chrome浏览器的V8引擎,性能很好,同时还提供了很多系统级的API,如文件操作、网络编程等。浏览器端的Javascript代码在运行时会受到各种安全性的限制,对客户系统的操作有限。相比之下,Node.js则是一个全面的后台运行时,为Javascript提供了其他语言能够实现的许多功能。

Node.js采用事件驱动、异步编程,为网络服务而设计

事件驱动这个词并不陌生,在某些传统语言的网络编程中,我们会用到回调函数,比如当socket 资源达到某种状态时,注册的回调函数就会执行。Node.js的设计思想中以事件驱动为核心,它提供的绝大多数API都是基于事件的、异步的风格。

以Net模块为例,其中的net.Socket对象就有以下事件:connect、data、end、timeout、drain、error、close等,使用Node.js的开发人员需要根据自己的业务逻辑注册相应的回调函数。

这些回调函数都是异步执行的,这意味着虽然在代码结构中,这些函数看似是依次注册的,但是它们并不依赖于自身出现的顺序,而是等待相应的事件触发。

重要的优势在于,充分利用了系统资源,执行代码无须阻塞等待某种操作完成,有限的资源可以用于其他的任务。此类设计非常适合于后端的网络服务编程,Node.js的目标也在于此。

在服务器开发中,并发的请求处理是个大问题,阻塞式的函数会导致资源浪费和时间延迟。通过事件注册、异步函数,开发人员可以提高资源的利用率,性能也会改善。

事件驱动、回调、异步,这几个概念是相辅相成的。与阻塞、同步是相对的。

var http = require('http');

http.createServer(function (req, res) {

res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});

res.end('Hello World\n');

}).listen(80, "127.0.0.1");

上面的代码搭建了一个简单的http服务器,在本地监听80端口,对于任意的http请求,服务器都返回一个头部状态码为200、Content-Type’值为text/plain’的”Hello World“文字响应。

从这个小例子中,我们可以看出几点:

Node.js的网络编程比较便利,提供的模块(在这里是http)开放了容易上手的API接口,短短几行代码就可以构建服务器。

体现了事件驱动、异步编程,在createServer函数的参数中指定了一个回调函数(采用Javascript的匿名函数实现),当有http请求发送过来时,Node.js就会调用该回调函数来处理请求并响应。

Node.js的特点

性能是Node.js考虑的重要因素,选择C++和V8而不是Ruby或者其他的虚拟机也是基于性能的目的。

事件驱动、异步编程。

Node.js在设计上也是比较大胆,它以单进程、单线程模式运行。

事件驱动机制是Node.js通过内部单线程高效率地维护事件循环队列来实现的,没有多线程的资源占用和上下文切换,这意味着面对大规模的http请求,Node.js凭借事件驱动搞定一切,这样的设计会导致负载的压力集中在CPU(事件循环处理)而不是内存。

注:既然Node.js采用单进程、单线程模式,那么在如今多核硬件流行的环境中,单核性能出色的Node.js如何利用多核CPU呢?创始人Ryan Dahl建议,运行多个Node.js进程,利用某些通信机制来协调各项任务。目前,已经有不少第三方的Node.js多进程支持模块发布。

支持的语言是JavaScript。Javascript的匿名函数和闭包特性非常适合事件驱动、异步编程,从上面例子中我们可以看到回调函数采用了匿名函数的形式来实现,很方便。闭包的作用则更大,看下面的代码示例:

var hostRequest = http.request(requestOptions,function(response) {

var responseHTML ='';

response.on('data', function (chunk) {

responseHTML = responseHTML + chunk;

});

response.on('end',function(){

console.log(responseHTML);

// do something useful

});

});

在上面的代码中,我们需要在end事件中处理responseHTML变量,由于Javascript的闭包特性,

我们可以在两个回调函数之外定义responseHTML变量,然后在data事件对应的回调函数中不断修改其值,并最终在end事件中访问处理。

高中英语语法:It的完整用法精讲 打印版

高中英语语法:It的完整用法精讲 it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。 1. 人称代词it,是第三人称单数中性,代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如: 1)That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那个花瓶很珍贵,它有200多年的历史。 2)I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢游泳,它能使我保持健康。 当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可用it来表示。如: 3)It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 宝宝真可爱,是男孩还是女孩? it可用来指代团体。如: 4)The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委员会已开过会,拒绝了这项建议。 it用以代替指示代词this, that.如: 5)--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —这是什么?—是一支钢笔。 6)--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是谁的书?—是迈克的。 2. 指示代词it,常用以指人。如: 7)Go and see who it is. 去看看是谁。 8)--- Who is making such a noise? —是谁发出这样的吵闹声? --- It must be the children. —一定是孩子们。 3.虚义it无指代性,常用作没有具体意义的主语,出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如: 9)It is half past three now. 现在是三点半钟。 10)It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。 11)It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark. 天气很冷;天下着雪,渐渐地变黑了。 it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如: 12)It's awful—I've got so much work I don't know where to start. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。 13)How is it going with you? 你近况如何? 14)Take it easy. 不要紧张。 it也常用于下列结构: 15)It looks as if the college is very small. 看起来这个学院很小。 16)It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我们的计划很完善。 17)It's my turn. 该轮到我了。 it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语,各该习惯用语有具体意义,但it并无具体意义。如:cab it 乘车catch it 受责,受罚come it 尽自己分内come it strong 做得过分walk it 步行make it 办成take it out of somebody 拿某人出气 4. 先行词it. it充当形式主语或形式宾语,本身无意义,只起一种先行引导的作用,先行词不重读。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性从句。 (1)用作形式主语

(完整版)人教版英语选修六高二unit3语法Grammar—it的用法(1)

Section_ⅢGrammar—it的用法(1) 语法图解 探究发现 ①It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. ②Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. ③It is never too late to mend. ④It is no use talking to them. ⑤It is said that he stole the money. ⑥I think it difficult to learn English well. ⑦We make it clear that speaking to the teacher in that way is not polite. ⑧I don't like it when people talk with the mouth full of food. [我的发现] (1)①句it表示天气,②句第一个it代替to_give_it_up作形式宾语;第二个it代替句中所说的“吸烟”的事。 (2)在句③④⑤中it用作形式主语,其中句③用在“It is+形容词+(for/of+sb.)+动词不定式(短语)”中,it指代动词不定式(短语);句④用在“It is+no use/good+动名词(短语)”中,it指代动名词(短语);句⑤用在“It is+said/believed/reported+that从句”中,it指代that 从句。 (3)在句⑥⑦⑧中it用作形式宾语,其中句⑥用在“动词+it+形容词+动词不定式(短语)”中,it指代动词不定式(短语),句⑦用在“动词+it+形容词+that从句”中,指代that 从句;句⑧it用在某些特殊的句式中,指代when从句。 一、it用作人称代词和非人称代词 1.用作人称代词 (1)it用来指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事。 My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much. 我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢。

it的用法归纳

?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词,it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如: I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如: Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门,一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中,常用来指本人,如说It’s me。

3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如: “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题,是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法,主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如: It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

高中英语语法知识之It的用法总结

高考英语语法知识之It 的用法总结 1.It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语,宾语,状语。强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用。 如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2.It was not until + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语"直到...才...",可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3.It is clear ( obvious, true, possible,certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语,真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句,常译为"清楚(显然,真的,肯定...)"是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 由于主句中的形容词不同,that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should 可以省去。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语,真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为"据说(据报道,据悉...)"。It is said that he has come to Beijing. 6. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ... 主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should 可以省。常译为"据建议;有命令.. It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should可省去.表示出乎意料,常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟.②有时也用should + 动词原形,should 不能省。常译为"是(正是)...的时侯..."。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去;it有时用this / that 替换.常译为"这是某人第几次做某事了"。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10 It is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that + ….. 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去;it有时用this / that 替换.常译为"这是某人做过的最…的事情"。 This is the best film that I have ever seen . That was the worst song that he had heard . 11. It is .... since ...

人教版英语选修六高二-unit3-语法-Grammar—-it的用法(1)资料

人教版英语选修六高二-u n i t3-语法-G r a m m a r—-i t的用 法(1)

Section_ⅢGrammar—it的用法(1) 语法图解 探究发现 ①It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. ②Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. ③It is never too late to mend. ④It is no use talking to them. ⑤It is said that he stole the money. ⑥I think it difficult to learn English well. ⑦We make it clear that speaking to the teacher in that way is not polite. ⑧I don't like it when people talk with the mouth full of food. [我的发现] (1)①句it表示天气,②句第一个it代替to_give_it_up作形式宾语;第二个it代替句中所说的“吸烟”的事。 (2)在句③④⑤中it用作形式主语,其中句③用在“It is+形容词+(for/of+sb.)+动词不定式(短语)”中,it指代动词不定式(短语);句④用在“It is+no use/good+动名词(短语)”中,it指代动名词(短语);句⑤用在“It is+said/believed/reported+that从句”中,it指代that从句。 (3)在句⑥⑦⑧中it用作形式宾语,其中句⑥用在“动词+it+形容词+动词不定式(短语)”中,it指代动词不定式(短语),句⑦用在“动词+it+形容词+that从句”中,指代that从句;句⑧it用在某些特殊的句式中,指代when从句。 一、it用作人称代词和非人称代词 1.用作人称代词 (1)it用来指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事。 My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much. 我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢。

语法专题十:it的用法

语法专题十:it的用法 1.指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。 2.指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。 3.代替不定式,作形式主语或形式宾语(常与feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, think, suppose, regard等连用)。 4.代替动名词,作形式主语或形式宾语: It is no good / no use / useless / dangerous + doing I think it no good / no use / useless / dangerous + doing I think it no use complaining about their prejudice. 5.代替主语从句、宾语从句,作形式主语或形式宾语: It seems / appears / happens / turns out / proves + that… It is certain / likely / possible / probable + that… We have made it clear that she has nothing to do with the case. 6.用于强调句:It is / was … that / who… A student witnessed the car accident at the turning last night. (1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) (1) _________________________________________________________. (2) _________________________________________________________. (3) _________________________________________________________. (4) _________________________________________________________. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that… I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. ________________________________________________________________. 7. 其他重要句型: It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural) that…(should+动词原形) It is said (reported, learned…) that… It is suggested (ordered…) that…(should)+动词原形 It is a pity (a sham) that …(should)+动词原形 It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that... It occurs to sb. to do / that…:使某人想起…… It is/ has been +一段时间+ since ...+过去时 It will be +一段时间+ before ... It looks ( seems ) as if … It is no wonder…:难怪 When it comes to…:当谈到…… It comes about that…:发生 8. appreciate, love, like, hate, see to(负责,注意) + it + 从句 巩固练习: 1. It took us over an hour ______ along the street. A. walk B. to walk C. walking D. walked 2. I think it a great honour ______to visit your country. A. to invite B. inviting C. having invited D. to be invited 3. Many people now make ______a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas. A. themselves B. it C. that D. this 4.______is very clear to everyone that he's round and tall like a tree.

高中语法it的用法

it的用法 一、考点聚焦 1、it的基本用法 (1)用作人称代词,代替前文提到过的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. (2)用以代替提示代词this, that。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K] —What’s this? —It’s a knife. —Whose watch is t hat? —It’s mine. (3)起指示代词的作用,指一个人或事物。 —Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me. (4)指环境情况等。 It was very noisy(quiet) at the very moment. (5)指时间、季节等。 —What time is it? —It’s eight o’clock. It often rains in summer here. (6)指距离。 It is a long way to the school. (7)作形式主语。 It is not easy to finish the work in two days. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is as pity that you didn’t read the book. (8)作形式宾语。 I think it no use arguing w ith him. I found it very interesting to study English. He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject. (9)用于强调结构。 It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night. It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last n ight. It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street. It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night. 2、含有“It is …”的句型 (1)It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气) (2)It is + 形容词(+of / for sb.)+ to do sth 通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise 等。 (3)It is + 形容词+ that + sb. + (should) do sth.(虚拟语气)[来源:学科网ZXXK] 能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probab le、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如:It is important that we should pay close attention to grain. It is natural that he(should)say so. (4)It is no use/ good + doing sth. It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again. (5)It is + 被强调部分+ that/who + …[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:Z+xx+https://www.360docs.net/doc/9118169948.html,] Was it in the street that you met her? Who was it that called him“comrade”? It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.

选修6It的用法语法练习题及答案

It的用法 It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点,尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行,偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。 1.(NMET98) It was only when I reread his poems recently ___ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until B.that C.then D.so 正确答案:B 此题考查强调句,所以用that。 2.(NMET98) I hate____when people talk with their mouths full. A.it B.that C.these D.them 正确答案:A 此题考查it作形式宾语的用法,所以选A。 3.(MET91,短文改错)David and I did not agree and David pointed to a path which he thought it would probably lead to a village. 正确答案:去掉it,因为定语从句中已有宾语which。 一、要点点拔 1.代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时,一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 1) -Who is the baby? -It‘s my teacher’s son. 2) -Who is that gentleman? -It's my friend Tom.He(不可用It) wants to see you. 2.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如: 1) It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school. 2) It‘s nice and warm here. 3) But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to school. 3.用作形式主语.it 没有具体意义,而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾,使句子显得平稳一些,能借it 给移至句子后尾的主语有三种:一种由不定式表示,一种由动名词表示,一种由从句表示。 1).It 替代真正的主语——动词不定式短语. It is easier to say than to do . It is a good act to help the others. 2).it 替代真正的主语——动名词短语,以动名词短语做主语的句子,主要在以no good, no use, no harm, dangerous, foolish 等词作表语的句中. It’s no harm drinking running water in that area。 It’s foolish talking like that. 3).it 替代从句作主语,用从句做主语的带it 的句子很多,常见的有下面几类: ①It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing,etc. )that… It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam. ②It is strange ( surprising,obvious ,true, good,possible,clear,etc. ) that…。 It was clear that they had no desire for peace. ③It seems (happened ,turned out,etc.)that… It seemed that things were not as they expected. ④It is said ( decided ,expected ,etc)that … It is said that the tickets have been sold out . 4.用作形式宾语。

初中英语语法:it用作人称代词的用法

初中英语语法:it用作人称代词的用法 it用作人称代词的用法 1. 用于指事物 it用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物,以 避免重复: This is my watch, it’s a Swiss one. 这是我的手表,它是瑞 士制的。 I cannot find my watch; I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。 2. 用于指动物或婴儿 除用于指代事物外,还可指动物或性别不详的婴儿: “Where is the cat?” “It’s under the bed.” “ 猫在哪儿?”“在床下。” They got a baby and it was very lovely. 他们生了个孩子, 很可爱。 3. 用于上文提到的情况 He smokes in bed and I don’t like it. 他在床上抽烟,我不 喜欢他这样。 Her mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didn’t hel p. 她母亲老叫她晚上不要出去,但是没用。 4. 用于指人 it用于指人主要用确定未知人的身份: “Who is it?” “It’s me.” “是谁啊?”“是我。”

“Listen. Someone is crying.” “Oh, it must be Mary.” “听,有人在哭。”“噢,一定是玛丽。” Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过,但我们不知道是谁。 5. 指人时与he和she的区别 当it用于指人时,主要用于确定未知的或者是身份不明的人,若 是指已知的或身份明确的人,则应根据情况使用he或she。比较: I hear a knock at the door. It must be the postman. 我听 见有人在敲门,一定是邮递员来了。 Jim is at the door. He wants to see you. 吉姆在门口,他想 见你。 A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手,他是总经理。 The general manager just called. He told us to wait for him at the gate. 总经理刚来过电话,他叫我们在门口等他。 6. 指物时与one的区别 两者均可代替前面提到的事物,区别是:it指的是与前面已提到 的事物为同一物,此时的it等于“the (this, that, my...)+名词”;而one 指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一类物,此时的one等于“a+ 名词”。比较: I have a dictionary but I’ve lent it to Mary. 我有一本词典,但把它借给玛丽了。 I haven’t a dictionary; can you lend me one? 我没有词典,你能借我一本吗?

(完整版)高中语法:it用法

It 的用法 It 可用作实词(代词)和虚词(助词)。实词it 指用于人称和前指(指刚提到的人或物),用于无人称时,做主语,表示时间,距离,天气等。虚词it 可用作形式主语或形式宾语,也用于构成的强调句型。(一)实词(代词) 1. 用作人称代词 1)指人。例如: Who is it? Is it you, Andrew ? Who is making such a noise ? It must be the children. 2)用作前指,代替前文提到过的人或事物。例如: What a beautiful baby ! Is it a boy ? You have saved my life; I shall never forget it. 3 )代替指示代词this, that。例如: “What's this ?” “It'sa flag.” 4 )代替一个双方既知所指的东西 How 'sit going with you ? 2. 用作非人称代词常用作没有具体意义的主语,表示气候,天气,温度,时间,地点,距离等。例如:1)指天气: It 'sdamp and cold. I think it 's going to rain. 2)指时间,季节等: “ what time is it ? ” “It is eight o 'clock. ” I hope it is spring all the year round. 3)指距离 It is five kilometers from the office to my home. 4)指环境,条件等 It was very quiet and peaceful here, It was becoming increasing dangerous. 5)“无人称it ”也用于表达下列2 个结构表达印象和可能性: It seems as if we've known each other for years, (印象) It looks as though I 'm going to fail the test 6)“无人称it ”还用于下列的表达中 as it is事实上So be it但愿如此,好吧That' s it !对,是这样!make it到达,成功(二)虚词(助词) 1. 作形式主语当动词不定式,动名词,或从句做主语时,通常把她们放在谓语后,而用it 做形式主语。例: It is not a good habit to stay up late. (it 表达不定式) It is no use crying over split milk. (it 代表动名词) It'sa waste of time your taking to him (it 表示动名词,动名词前可跟一个动名词) It'sa pity that you didn 'tread the book (it 代表that从句) 2. 作形式宾语 1)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词或宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面, 而用it 作形式宾语。 主语+believe/ consider/count/feel/find/imagine/ think/ make/suppose/take +it+ 宾语补足语(形容词

浙江省临海市第六中学高中英语 M6U3 It的用法学案(无答案)新人教版选修6

Book 6unit3 It的用法导学案 知识目标:学习代词it的各种用法。 能力目标:能熟练运用到各种场合,学会使用it有关的高级句型尤其是强调句型、it作形式主语等。 自学:一、作代词 1.(1)、it代替上文提到的物(单数\不可数)或事或人(身份不明确)。 My dictionary is missing. I can’t find it.(it代替前面的_________) Tom has failed in the exam. Have you heard about it. (it代替前面_________)Someone is knocking at the door. ----Who is _________? ---- _________ me. (2)、it与one的区别:都可以代表前面说过的名词,但it用于同名同物;one则用于同名异物。 ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold _____. I have bought a new _____. (3)、it与that的区别: it同名同物,但that指同类,并非同一个,而且只能指代不可数名词。 The climate of South China is mild; I like______very much. The climate of South China is much better than_________of Japan. 2.用于表达时间,距离,天气、环境等。 It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school.此处it 指代的是_________. It’s nice and warm her e.But it’s two o’clock now, and it’s time for us to go to school. 此处it分别指代__________, ___________, ___________. 注意下列几种表示时间的句型 ①.It is (high/about) time that sb should do\ sb did sth. 是我们离开去上海的时候了。

第二章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解

第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 "It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下: 一、It用作实词 表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this, that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象…… 二、It用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型: 1. 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词:easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous… 例 It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词:kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例 It's kind of you to help me with the problem. (3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It's no good/use doing… It's (well)worth doing… I t's (well)worth one's while doing/to do… It's (well)worth while doing/ to do

“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解

“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下: 一、It用作实词 表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象…… 二、It用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型: 1. 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为 (1)It beadj.(for sb.)to dosth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessa ry,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimport ant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obviou s,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous… 例Itis illegal(forateenager)to driveacar without a licens e. (2)It be adj.ofsb. todo sth. 此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy. 例It'skindof youto help me withthe problem. (3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It'snogood/usedoing… It's(well)worthdoing… It's(well)worth one'swhiledoing/to do… It's(well)worth while doing/ to do 例It's no usecryingover spilt milk. 2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型 (1)It is +noun+从句 例Itis no secret thatthepresidentwants to have asecond term at office. (2)It is adj. +clause It'ssurprisingthat…(should)………竟然…… It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…… 例It's important thatyou should apologize toher foryourrudeness.(=It's of much importancethat youshould apologize to her for your rudeness.) (3)Itverbsb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that…

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