现代大学英语精读3_unit10课后答案

仍然Unit 10

More Work on the Text II Vocabulary

7)From Chinese into English．

(1)to scratch each other’S backs (9)to inhabit that island

(2)to do business with that country (10)to admire thei_r courage

(3)Publish or perish． (11)to neglect one’S duty

(4)to found a new religion (12)to escape the consequences

(5)to convert RMB into foreign currency (13)to erase it from one’S memory

(6)to seek the truth ．(14)to take command

(7)to discard the old traditions (15)to block one’S way

(8)to satirize human vanity(16)to ruin one’S reputation

2)From English into Chinese．

(1)年久失修的防御工事 (8>当前的风云人物

(2)(美国历史上的)擅自占用土地的人 (9)英雄人物

所搭的I艋时简陋房子， (10)一种带有历史使命感的神态

(3)储物缸。 (11)看人时如火一般的眼光

(4)容易变质的商品 (12)战争引起的恐慌

(5)社会习俗 (13)如雨点一般的石头

(6)摇摇晃晃，头重脚轻的酒鬼 (14)--／b撮捣乱分子

(7)隐士住的山洞

1)Give synonyms．

(1)mad (9)to obtain，to get，to acquireI to buy，

(2)hardly enough；little to purchase

(4)to live (11)to wipe off ．

(6)to change (13)to keep under control，to restrict

(7)(religious)belief，doctrine，dogma (14)to laugh nervously，to laugh softly，

(8)mainly to giggle，to chuckle

2) Give antonyms

(1)quality (3)true (5)simplicity (7)simply

(2)drunk (4)discontented (6)covered (8)cheaply

(9) real; natural (10) passing, transitory, short-lived (11)

unconventional

(12) economy, miserliness, stinginess 3.

1) How do you account for his strange behavior?

2) Let's form a circle so that we can see each other when we talk,

3) He appointed five people to handle the case,

4) She claims to possess an unusual ability -- the ability to cure diseases

simply by her

magic hand.

5) In the story, this evil spirit often appeared in the form of a pretty lady.

6) Where can I get a roll of film?

7) He rolled up the painting and said that he wouldn't part with it for anything

less than

half a million.

8) A woman lawyer has been recently appointed to the Supreme Court.

9) Poverty alone cannot account for the increase of the crime rate.

10) A big stone suddenly rolled down the hill.

11) He just rolled his eyes philosophically and smiled.

12) Let's roll up our sleeves and start working...

13) He hoped that he would be appointed (as) the deputy general manager.

14) Just give us a brief account of what actually happened.

15) The police found a lot of valuables in his possession which he could not

account for.

16) Our two countries should never fight again on any account.

1) returned/escaped.

2) has expressed the wish to be a teacher.

3) like Geneva best, except of course, Beijing.

4) finally decided to be a cook

5) join the revolutionary army

6) feed our people

7) be brought under control

8) provide better opportunities for our young people

9) make a fool of himself

10) make it impossible for me to say no

11) inspire people

12) he literally had nothing except the shirt on his back

13) she just had to buy it/she finished it that very night

14) what

15) what

1) off 4) in 7) over 10) in

2) up 5) for, away 8) into 11) out of, into

3) round 6) on 9) by 12) On, on, at

1) (1) matter (2) affairs (3) matters (4) matter (5) affairs

(6) affairs

2) (1) empty (2) bare (3) hollow (4) empty (5) vacant

3) (1) convert (2) change/convert(3) convertible (4) converted (5) changed

4) (1) laughing (2) smiled (3) grinning (4)

tittered/chuckled,guffawed 7.

1)这事和我们没有关系，他弄错了抱怨的对象。(to bark狗叫)

2)我们都知道摆脱旧传统很难。(convention传统习惯)

3)这树的皮里含有某种对癌症有疗效的物质。(bark of a tree树皮)

4)共和党大会将在芝加哥召开。(convention年会)

5)他们计划在那里地下深处钻一个洞来埋藏核废料。但是那可能是十分危险的。(to drill

a hole钻个洞)

6)语言训练需要大量的练习。但远不止这一方面。(drill操练)

7)他们为他准备了一顿极其丰盛的酒席，希望它能有助于他们弄到那个合同。(an

elaborate meal一顿丰盛的饭)

8)我们对这个计划只有一个大致的了解。你能否详细讲讲。(to elaborate on sth对某问

题

作进一步的发挥或提供更多的细节)

9)在昏暗的房间里，瞳孑L就放大，好让更多的光线进入。(pupil瞳孔)

10)那男子又高又瘦，两眼目光锐利，鼻子又高又尖。(sharp eyes锐利的眼睛；a sharp nose

又高又尖的鼻子)

11)她机智敏锐，伶牙利齿。(a sharp wit十分机智；a sharp tongue说话尖刻利害)

12)那骑车人急转弯，失去了平衡。(a sharp turn突然的大转弯)

13)这些学生当然很年轻，但是他们都很聪明，你别小看他们。(pupils学生；sharp聪敏，

精明)

14)“别再胡说八道了，"她厉声说道。(to say sharply厉声说，毫不客气地说)

15)根据证词，这男孩十点整买的这把锋利的刀。(sha印knife锋利的刀；at 10 sharp十

点整)

16)你今天看上去很帅，你哪儿买的这件新夹克?(to look sharp看上去动人的、时髦的)

(1) study (3) adjusted (5) uncomfortable (7) overcame (9) so

(2) as (4) Due (6) rational (8) remained (10) ways

(11) for (12) unable (13) connection (14) While (15) normal

Grammar

Subject-verb/subject-auxiliary version occurs when

A phrase of negative form or meaning occurs at the beginning of a sentence/clause,

as in 1)--5), 7), 11), 13), 14).

A sentence begins with only when followed by an expression of manner, place, time,

or reason, as in 16, 17), 18).

An elliptical sentence begins with so, or neither, or nor, as in 6), 12), 15).

A sentence/clause begins with an adverbial of place or position, as in 8), 9), 10).

1) (Never before) have so many people been learning English. ~

2) (Nor) did he at any other time.

3) (In vain) did we try to persuade him to change his mind.

4) (Not until) she had got everything ready for the experiment the next day did

she leave her lab.

5) (Little) did the two girls suspect that the woman who drove them home was the

governor herself.

6) (No sooner) had she left the house than it collapsed.

7) (Never) shall I trust that fine-sounding man again.

8) (Not only) did he finish the reading assignment, but he also wrote a report on his findings.

9) (Only after he failed the first time) did he begin to work earnestly.

10) (Neither for love nor for money) would the old woman part with her collection of rare stamps.

11) (Only in the countryside of some northwestern provinces) can you find cave houses.

12) Lying in deep valleys are towns where the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful.

1) the best of mothersl the deepest of love

2) the more popular

3) the bigger of which

4) most cruel of all

5) the younger seems the more promising (of the two)

6) the most incredible/improbable

7) The biggest may not be the strongest; and the smallest may not be the weakest.

8) the most advanced/up-to-date at the moment

9) the most expensive; the most expensive is always the best

10) the cheapest of vegetables

11) the most despicable of the lot

12) the more competent of the two candidates

1) Never before in history has the country been so prosperous as it is now.

2) Not a single word did he utter throughout the half-day debate.

3) At the head of the parade marched the guards of honor.

4) Hardly had the two of them met when they began joking about each other.

5) Not until Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang's hut for the third time did the latter agree to give up his life as a hermit.

6) Not only didshe refuse to accept the award for the best director, she also refused to gix any explanation.

7) Nowhere else in the country have I seen such beautiful gardens as in Suzhou.

8) At one end of the room is a CEO-type of desk; behind it stands a large bookcase.

9) Present at the commencement were teachers, parents and a vice-minister of education

10) Only at home does he feel at ease though he's a great traveler and has been to man countries.

1) a, /, the, the, a, /, /, /, some, their

2) The, /, the, their, /

3) a, a, the, their, a, Their/The, the, the (parents of the 2000 families)or/(parents in general), the,their, their, an, the, every

1) D. 3) C. 5) C. 7) D. 9) C. 11)

D. 13) A. 15) B.

2) A. 4) B. 6) B. 8) A. 10) B. 12) D.

14) C.

戴奥翼尼斯和亚历山大

吉尔伯特〃海特

1．他躺在空地上，赤着脚，满脸胡须，半裸着身子，看起来像个乞丐或是疯子。他的确是

个乞丐，但不是疯子。旭日东升，他睁开了眼睛，挠了挠瘁，像狗似的在路边撒了泡尿，然

后在公共喷泉边洗了把脸，讨了一块早餐面包和几颗橄榄，蹲在地上吃了起来，又用手捧了

几捧泉水将食物送进肚里。(很久以前，他曾拥有一个粗糙的木杯子，但当看到一个男孩用

空着的手捧水喝之后，就把杯子扔掉了。)没有工作做，也没有家要养，他很自由。当集市

上挤满了顾客、商人、奴隶和外国人的时候，他已经在那儿闲逛了一两个小时。每个人都认

识他，或者听说过他。他们会向他提一些尖酸的问题，但会得到更加刻薄的回答。有时，他

钔会向他扔点食物，但很少得到感谢；有时，有人会恶作剧地向他扔一块鹅卵石，但却被回

以无数的石头和谩骂。他们说不准他是否疯了，但他知道他们都是疯子，各有各的疯法；觉

得他们很可笑。现在他回到了自己家里。

2．这并不是一间屋子，甚至算不上一闻乱搭乱建的茅屋。他认为每个人都活得太讲究、太

奢侈、太煞费苦心了。房子有什么用?没有人需要私人空间；顺其自然并不可耻；我们都做

着同样韵事情，不需要遮遮掩掩。没有人需要床、椅子等家具：动物睡在地上，也过眷健康

的生活。因为大自然没有赋予我们合适的衣着，我们所需要的，只不过是一件用来保暖的衣

服，以及一处能够遮风挡雨的地方。所以，他只有一床毯子，白天穿在身上，晚上盖在身上，

而他就睡在一个桶里。他叫戴奥真尼斯，也是所谓的犬儒主义的创建者；他一生的犬部分时

间都在科林斯这个富裕、懒惰和腐败的希腊城市里渡过，嘲笑、讥讽住在那里的人，并且不

时使一两个人皈依其门下。

3．他的住处并不是一个木制的大桶；那太奢侈了。只是一个由泥土烧制成的储藏罐，毫无

疑问，因为储藏罐有了裂缝没法使用才被人丢弃的。他并非是第一个居住在这样一个罐子里

的人。但是，他是第一个出于令人原则自己选择这样做的人。

4．戴奥真尼斯不是一个疯子，他是一位哲学家。他写剧本、诗歌和小品文来阐明自己的学

说；他跟那些愿意听他说话的人交谈；他有崇拜自己的学生。然而，他主要通过实例来教导

他们。所有人都应当活得自然些，他说，因为自然的东西才是正常的，绝不可能是邪恶或羞

耻的。摆脱那些做作虚伪的习俗，避开那些繁琐奢华，人们才能够过上自由的生活。富人自

认为拥有深宅大院、精美的家具、昂贵的衣服，拥有"仆人、马匹和银行存款。其实他并非

真的占有它们，而是依赖着它们，为它们而操心，一生大部分精力都花在照看这些东西上了；

一想到会失去它们，就会焦躁得生病。它们支配着他。他是这些东西的奴隶。为了获得一些

虚伪、浮华的东西，他出卖了自己惟一真实永恒的东西——他的独立自主。

5．一直以来就有许多人厌倦了人类社会中的复杂繁琐，于是他们远离尘嚣，去过一种简单

的生活——住在一个小农场里、一个安静的小村庄里或者一个适合隐士居住的山洞里。戴奥

真尼斯并没有那样做。他是一位传教士。他自己非常明确自己的人生目标：就是“重铸金币”，

把人生中纯净的金属提炼出来，抹掉那些虚伪传统的记号，重新印上人类生活的真正价值。

6．公元前4世纪的其他一些伟大的哲学家，比如柏拉图和亚里士多德，主要是教导自己的

入门弟子。但对于戴奥真尼斯来说，实验室、标本、教室和学生都需要在芸芸众生中寻找。

因此，他选择居住在雅典或科林斯，在那里，全地中海地区的旅行者不断地来来往往。在这

些地方，他有意在公众面前以这样的方式表现自己，以便告诉人们什么是真正的生活。

7．他认为大多数人仅仅是半活着的，大多数人只是半个人。在阳光明媚的正午时分，他拿着一盏灯穿过集市，审视着他遇到的每一个人的脸。人们问他为什么这么做，他回答说：“我想找出一个完整的人。”

8．一个仆人正在为一位绅士穿鞋子，戴奥真尼斯对这位绅士说：“直到你的仆人帮你擦鼻涕的时候。你才会真正感到幸福：不过那时你已经不会使用自己的双手了。”

9．曾经有传闻说要打仗，这是那么的恐怖，以致那些慵懒、以利益为乐的科林斯人也紧张了起来。他们开始训练，磨刀擦枪，重建早已废弃的防御工事。戴奥真尼斯带上他的旧桶子，把它滚来滚去。“你们全都这样忙碌，”他说，“我觉得我也应该做点什么事儿。”

10．他就这样生活着——有人说他活得像只狗一样，因为他对社会的习俗惯例毫不在乎，还因为他向那些他不喜欢的人张牙舞爪，像狗一样狂叫。现在，他正躺在阳光下，心满意足，非常幸福，比波斯的伊朗王还快乐(他常常这样自吹)。尽管他知道将要见到一位重要拜访者，也懒得挪动一下身子。

11．那个小广场上人越聚越多。侍童、士兵、秘书、官员、外交官，他们都逐渐围在了戴奥真尼斯周围。他审视着他们，就像一个清醒的人审视着一群东倒西歪的醉鬼一样，然后摇了摇头。他知道他们是什么人。他们是征服了希腊的马其顿国王亚历山大的奴仆，亚历山大国王正在巡视着这片新征服的疆土。

12．尽管只有20岁，但亚历山大看起来比他的年龄要成熟得多，聪明得多。像所有马其顿人一样他也喜欢喝酒，但他往往能控制住自己；对于女人，他有一种高贵的拘谨和骑士般的风度。像所有马其顿人一样，他也好战；他是一个了不起的指挥官，但他却不仅仅是一台战争机器。他很有思想。13岁时，他就已经成为希腊最伟大的思想家亚里士多德的学生。亚里士多德传授给他希腊文化的精髓，他教给亚历山大诗歌：这位年轻的王子睡觉时也将《伊利亚特》放在枕头底下，并渴望效仿阿喀琉斯，因为阿喀琉斯把强大的亚细亚摧毁了。亚里士多德也教给他哲学，特别是政治力量的不同形式和用途。而且还教给他科学研究的原则：亚历山大入侵波斯的时候随身带着一大群科学家，并将成千上万种动物标本运回希腊研究。的确，正是从亚里士多德那里，亚历山大学会了寻求那些可能有启发意义的奇妙事物。13．现在。亚历山大来到了科林斯并接管了他父亲菲利普创立的希腊城邦联盟。他受到人们的欢迎、尊敬和奉承。他是那个时代、那个世纪的风云人物；大家一致推举他为新的远征军的总司令，去征服古老、富有而腐败的亚细亚。几乎所有人都涌到科林斯，向他表示祝贺，或是到他身边谋职，还有的仅仅是为了看他一眼。只有戴奥真尼斯没有拜访这位新君主，尽管他居住在科林斯。怀着亚里士多德曾经教诲的慷慨与宽容，亚历山大决定去拜访戴奥真尼斯。

亚历山大相貌英俊，目光炯炯，体格健壮，身披紫金色斗篷，带着世界主宰者的气派，穿过自动分开的人群，朝着“狗窝”走去。当国王驾临时，所有人都尊敬地站了起来。而戴奥真尼斯只是用一只肘支撑身体坐在那里。国王莅临某处时，所有人都以鞠躬或欢呼来向他致意。但戴奥真尼斯却一声不吭。

15．一阵沉默。亚历山大先开口了，和善地向他问好。看着那只破烂不堪的罐子，惟一的一床破破烂烂的毯子，还有那躺在地上不修边幅的人，亚历山大问道：“戴奥真尼斯，我能为你做点什么吗”

16.“能啊，”那只“狗”说，“站到一边去，你挡住了我的阳光。”

17．人们惊讶得鸦雀无声。慢慢地，亚历山大转过身来。那些自命清高的希腊人当即发出一阵窃笑。而那些马其顿官员，觉得戴奥真尼斯不值得麻烦自已去踢上一脚，也开始互相推攘着哄笑起来。这时，亚历山大仍然沉默着。然后，他对离自己最近的一些人小声说道：“如果我不是亚历山大，我也会成为戴奥真尼斯。”他们把这句话看作怪论。但是，亚历山大说这话自有他的道理。他理解犬儒主义，而其他人却不能理解。他属于戴奥真尼斯先生自称的

那种“世界公民”。和戴奥真尼斯一样，他也崇拜赫拉克勒斯那样的英雄人物，因为"-5人们都在为自己劳作流汗时，这位英雄却为人类辛勤劳动。他知道当时所有活在世上的人中，只有征服者亚历山大和乞丐戴奥真尼斯才拥有真正的自由。

现代大学英语精读1课本内容及翻译

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5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1) action 2) employ 3) announce 4) examination 5) communication 6) express 7) compose 8) improvement 9) concentration 10) management 11) consider 12) motivate 13) development 14) movement 15) discuss 16) operate 17) division 18) production 19) educate 20) repeat 1) additional 2) add

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U n i t 1 Baptist counsel encyclopedia agenda attitudinal contribute crisis endeavor ethical ethnic masculine resentment evaluate feminine adulthood option perceive project excessive functional genetic inherit interaction peer process stressful endowment ethnic adolescence affirm approval unquestionably heighten inhibition internalize newscast

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