名词性从句(Noun Clause)
名词性从句(Noun Clause)
定义：在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
功能：名词性从句功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中担任主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
种类：按其句法功能名词性从句可分为：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
结构：连接词+句子
1. 众所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周纪念日。
①We all know that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.
②I think it known to you all that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.
③That it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday is known to you all.
④It is known to you all that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.
⑤The fact that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday is known to you all.
⑥What is known to you all is that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday
2. 我的梦想是能进入一所重点大学。
①I always dream that I can enter a key university.
②My dream is that I can enter a key university.
③That I can enter a key university is my dream.
④I have a dream that I can enter a key university.
考点1．语序问题
1.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A.what will man look like
B. what man will look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like
2.You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited
B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they
D. they were how excited
总结归纳：名词性从句在句中要用____语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于__________
考点2．时态问题
1. He said that he will go to the station.(改错)
2. Our physics teacher once told us that light __________ （travel ）faster than sound.
3. Tom says that Mary ____ (go) abroad last year and _________ (be) there for nearly 5 months.
总结归纳：
a.主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态
b.主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时
c.主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态
考点3. 主谓一致问题
When the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
When they will start and where they will go_____(be)still unknown.
When and where the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
总结归纳：单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_____形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_____形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_____形式。
考点4虚拟语气a)主语从句中的虚拟语气
1. It is ordered that he _____ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take
2. It is strange that he _____ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told
基本句型：It is +形容词、名词、过去分词+ that ... + (should) do
a. It is important (necessary, natural, strange, advisable etc)+that
b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc)+that
c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+that
考点4虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气Ⅰ
1. We suggested that the meeting ___________
A.should put off
B.be put off
C. was put off
D.putting off
2. The smile on his face suggested that he ______ (was/be/is)satisfied with our work.
①表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist ．request、command、order后的从句谓语动词用_________(注意当suggest表示“暗示、表明“,insist 表示“坚持认为”时，从句按需要来选择时态)
考点4虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气Ⅱ
a. I wish I ______(know) the answer now.
b. I wish he __________(pass) the exam yesterday.
c. I wish I ________ (fly) to the moon in a few years.
②对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时; 对过去虚拟时，用had＋过去分词; 对将来虚拟时，用would (might等)＋动词原形
考点4虚拟语气c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
1.His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try
2. The order given by the commander was that they _____ until the commander allowed they to.
A. stopped
B. didn’t stop
C. stop
D. not stop
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即_____________
考点5 it作形式主语和形式宾语
1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. (改错)
2. That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeting. (改错)
总结归纳：当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句______，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that …事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that…是常识(2) It is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that…很自然…
It is strange that…奇怪的是…(3) It ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that…似乎…
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears th at…似乎…
(4) It ＋be+ 过去分词＋从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
用it 作形式宾语
We think it important that we learn a foreign language.
We consider it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
1. _____ is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.
_____ is known to us all, the 2012Olympic Games will take place in London.
_____ is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.
2. He didn’t make ____ cle ar when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 考点6 连接词that/whether/what
1._____(What/That /whether) was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （08山东卷）
2.____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have. A.What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what
3._____made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A．What…whether B．What…that C．That…what D．That…because
考点7 含有插入语的名词性从句
1.I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.
2. He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.
3. ______ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (2008 山东卷)
名词性从句在写作中的实际运用: 写作中,得高分的方法之一: 改造低级句型,让你的英语靓起来. 原句:He gave me something. And it was a Christmas present and a heart full of love.
原句: Some of the happiest people in the world are those people.
Those people help to bring happiness to others.
V olunteers believe it .
练习
一、指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能：
1. Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.
2. Don’t ask about what the meeting is for.
3. I heard it that he had gone abroad.
4. What I want to make sure is which one he likes .
5. Tell me why you don’t like school.
6. Whoever comes will be welcome.
7. We are certain that this is true.
8. Where we live doesn’t matter.
9. This is where you are wrong.
10. Nobody can explain the mystery why he suddenly disappeared.
二、改错
1. It all depends on if they will support us.
2. When we'll finish translating the book depend on the time.
3. That is what he likes the place so much.
4. The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us.
5. He doesn't know if he should stay there or not.
6. The question if he is ready will be answered by himself.
7. Can you tell me who is that gentleman?
8. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
9. What I want to know is if he will come.
10. He, that is playing an important part, which is well-known to us all.
11. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says.
12. If you come is up to you.
三、选择
1._________ she couldn’t understand was __________ fewer and fewer students showe d interest in her lessons.
A. What; why
B. That; what
C. What; because
D. Why; that
2. There’s a feeling in me _____ we’ll never know what a UFO is –not ever.
A. that
B. which
C. of which
D. what
3. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ___ they insist on going by motorbike.
A. why
B. whether
C. when
D. how
4. She’d like to offer money to ________ needs it to continue his or her study.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
5. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only ___ they need.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. what
6. ______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.
A. What is required
B. What requires
C. It is required
D. It requires
7. We wrote a letter of thanks to _______ had helped us.
A. who
B. those
C. whom
D. whoever
8. What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when
B. how
C. whether
D. why
9. The news has spread all over the country __ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth.
A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. what
10. Do you think the reason ________ he gave is believable?
A. for which
B. which
C. why
D. what
11. Our school is no longer _________ it was 10 years ago, _________ it was not well equipped.
A. what; which
B. that; which
C. what; when
D. that; where
12. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at ____ he thought was a reasonable price.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. as
13. All people, __ they are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
A. even if
B. whether
C. no matter
D. however
14. The companies are working together to create ______they hope will be the best means of transport in the
21st century.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. who
15. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
16. I want to be loved and liked for___ I am inside.
A. who
B. where
C. what
D. how
17. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
18. The suggestion ______he raised at the meeting is very good.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. /
19. The suggestion ____ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. /
20. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s ___ it takes to do anything well.
A. why
B. what
C. that
D. where
四、填空
Everyone knew1 Andy was a famous writer, but no one knew2 she came from and3
she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4 they did know was5 she was loved by poor people because she always helped6 was in need of money. Andy was generous but some people thought she was chasing fame. Andy said she didn’t understand7 they were so narrow-minded, but it did’t matter8 others would think of her. She just wanted to do9 she thought was right. I think that is10 the meaning of life lies.
五、判断下列从句或句型(定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句和强调句)
1、China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China enjoy mooncakes.
2、The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
3、Something terrible must have happened if LiChang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
4、I’m afraid I don’t quite follow you, sir.
5、It is at the station that I first met her.
6、It is clear that he tells lies.
7、It is red that this apple is
8、I have no idea where he has gone.
9、This is the school where I studied.
10、The order that we should leave tomorrow is out today.
11、The order that we received yesterday is out today.
12、连词if和when在不同从句中的区别。
①Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know.
A he comes; will come
B wil he come; comes
C he will come; comes
D he will come; will come
②I don’t know when he (come). I can’t wait here any more. When he (come), would you please ask him to call me?
13、wherever you go and whatever you do, I’ll be right here waiting for you.
14、Whatever he had was seized by the Japanese soldiers.
2013定语从句、状语从句及名词性从句(附答案)
2013高考语法名词性从句 知识总结与归纳： （一）名词性从句的结构：名词性从句起名词作用在句中做主语，表语，宾语和同位语构成：主语从句；表语从句；宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连词有三类：that；whether/if; wh-疑问词(疑问代词：what /whatever, which / whichever, who / whoever , whom / whomever ; 疑问副词：when / whenever, where / wherever , why，how / however) 另：as if / as though, because也可引导表语从句 例句： 1.The result of this French influence was ______ the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age. 2. ______ interested him was _______ the whole world had been mapped 70 years before Columbus. 3. _____most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain. 4. This gave him the idea______ the Chinese perhaps first discovered America. 5. If we learn to accept change and appreciate _______is new and different, we will be well-prepared for ____ the future may have in store. （二）同位语从句在名词idea; fact; news; thought; suggestion/advice; problem; proof等词后面同位语从句解释了前面的那些名词所指的内容，与那些名词起着同等作用的句子成分，叫同位语从句。 1. The fact ______ Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many. 2. I asked myself a question ________ the research is worth the trouble. 3. I have no idea ______ has happened to him. （三）同位语从句与定语从句的辨析： that引导的同位语从句解释前面名词的内容，that是连词没有任何意义，在从句中不做任何成分。而定语从句修饰前面的先行词，从句有关系词that; which; who; when; where; why引导，先行词在从句中充当主语，宾语，状语。 1. The news that the plane would take off on time made everyone happy. 2. The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming. （四）what; whatever; whoever; where引导的名词性从句：what+陈述句：……的话/事/的样子；whatever+陈述句：……的任何东西；whoever+陈述句：做…事的任何人；（以上名词性从句做主语，表语或宾语）；where+陈述句：……的所在，做表语。 1. _________ life will be like in the future is difficult to predict. 2. The schools of the future will probably be quite different from ________ they are today. 3. If we learn to accept change and appreciate ______ is new and different, we will be well-prepared for ____ the future may have in store. 4. ________ comes will be welcome. 5. That is just _________ they are mistaken. （五）与“命令，建议，要求, 有必要/重要”有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词结构：1）主动结构：should do; 2）被动结构：should be done;（should可以省略） 1. I suggest that he should come another day. 2. The suggestion that the students should learn something practical is worth considering. 3. I though it necessary that I should stay in the room till he came back. （六）it 作为形式主语的句型： It is +形容词/名词/名词短语+that 从句。 It is said / reported / predicted that从句。 It is suggested / believed / thought / hoped / found / that从句。 1. It’s a pity that you are leaving. 2. It’s decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 3. It was once predicted that British and American English would become separate languages finally.
名词性从句测试题及答案经典
名词性从句测试题及答案经典 一、名词性从句 1．______ has caused great confusion is ______ he made it without anyone else's help. A. What; that. B. What; how. C. It; how. D. It; that. 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：让人极大困惑的是他如何在没有别人帮助的情况下做到这一点的。表示“让人困惑的事情”用what引导主语从句，表示“如何做到的”用how表方式，引导表语从句。故选B. 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和how引导的表语从句。 2．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用whom，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 3．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 4．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗？此处是when引导的主语从句，且要用陈述句语序，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，it作形式主语，关系副词when引导的从句作真正的主语。
名词性从句讲解与辨析
英语语法：名词性从句语法讲解 时间：2016-10-08作者：来源：精品学习网 笔者在此就名词性从句中的几大易错点进行分析，希望对同学们有所帮助。 [关系代词和关系副词的误用] 例1 （2016·全国卷Ⅰ） My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 解析 that→where。本题考查宾语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，所以将that改为where。 例2 （2015·全国卷Ⅱ） As natural architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 解析 how。根据语境和空后的形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故答案为how。 点拨若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用关系代词；若从句缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语成分，则使用关系副词 （when/where/why/how）。 [if和whether的误用] 例3 He asked her the question if they can be friends. 解析 if→whether。question后为同位语从句，只能用whether来引导，故而将if改为whether。 例4 It doesn’t matter so much you will come or not. 解析考查主语从句。句意：你来还是不来，这不怎么重要。代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。 点拨在表达“是否”这一意思时，我们经常会用到whether和if，但以下几种情况只用whether不用if： 1. 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中； 2. 在介词后的宾语从句中。如：It all depends on whether they will
英语名词性从句练习全集及解析
英语名词性从句练习全集及解析 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．________ manners are very important in every country is known to all，but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are. A. That; what B. That; that C. What; that D. What; what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：众说周知，礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的，但是麻烦是，不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。逗号前有两个谓语动词，一个是are，一个是is known，故是两句话，需填连词连接这两句话，根据句意可知，前面是主语从句，故填that，此处的that，只起连接作用不作任何成分。about是介词，其后是个句子故应填连词把这两句话连接起来，所缺词作are的表语，故填what。因此选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。 2．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 3． is even more important is the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. A. When; that; when B. What; whether; as C. What; that; as D. lt; whether; as 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】这题考查从句的用法，第一空填what引导主语从句，在主语从句中what做主语，第二空填that引导表语从句，在表语从句中，as是引导时间状语从句，句意是：甚至更重要的是：随着地球的冷却，水开始出现在表面。选C。 4．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗？此处是when引导的主语从句，且要用陈述句语序，故选D。
(完整版)高考英语【名词性从句】
专题十名词性从句 第一节基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句？】 顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如： We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】 表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。如： The only question left is how often the workers are paid. His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating. 【同位语从句】 从脸谱上看，同位语从句最为麻烦。因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
名词性从句里面各个连接词的区分 陈述语气 That +陈述语气（肯定语气）： 空气污染对气候有很大影响是明摆的事实。 真可惜我们不能去游泳. 特殊疑问词+ever whoever, whatever, …… 无论谁触犯了法律都应该被惩罚。 疑问语气 Whether 和if 你是否接受她的邀请与我无关。 People are involving in a debate aboutwhether parent should parents make suggestions to teachers. 特殊疑问词 Who 谁泄漏了那个消息还不得而知。 where 我不知道要去哪里。 What 我也在质疑近来她都在做什么。 I am doubting what she is doing. It is your heart that makes you noble. What makes you noble is your heart. 我不知道要选择哪一个
How, 我不知道该怎么做 Why 1)为什么他走得那么匆忙是一个问题。 可以在后面加上疑问语气的同位从句的先行词有哪些？ Issue，problem，question，puzzle, debate，doubt 延伸：名词性从句省略主语的情况： I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what I can do. 条件是，从句里的主语和主句的主语是一样的。 非谓语动词作状语，当主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致，可以省略非谓语里面的主语，否则，应当在非谓语前面加上非谓语的主语。 Playing basketball，Mike is strong. Weather permitting, I will go out for a picnic. 时间状语从句：主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致 While eating an apple, I was playing football. 事实上是对While I was eating an apple, I was playing football. 的省略。 同位语重句
【英语】名词性从句专项练习经典经典
【英语】名词性从句专项练习经典经典 一、名词性从句 1．________ has been proved is that animals and insects have their own languages. A. What B. As C. It D. That 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：已被证明的是动物和昆虫有自己的语言。根据is判断，此处为主语从句，分析该从句，缺少主语，用what。选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句的应用。 2．It has been pointed out ________ plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories. A. what that B. which C. that D. that what 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：有人指出，驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。本句时一个主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories.，主语从句中又有一个主语从句，且此主语从句中缺少主语，所以用what引导。故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3． is clear to the members of the committee is that the President will not give in to their demands. A. Who B. It C. As D. What 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：委员会成员清楚的是，总统不会向他们的要求让步。that the President will not give in to their demands.这个句子作表语； is clear to the members of the committee这是主语从句，这里缺少主语从句的连接词，并且连接词在句中作主语，it是代词，不是了；连接词，故排除B；as作主语时，是在定语从句中，故排除C；who指人，根据表语指的事情，不是人，故排除A；what在主语从句中可以作主语或宾语，指事，符合句意，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 4．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用
名词性从句的连接词选用
名词性从句的连接词选用 名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where 等。（注：if 不能引导同位语从句。）。在各种考试中，其最主要的考查内容为连接词的选用。名词性从句的连接词可细分为以下四种：（1）以that来引导从句；（2）以whether/if引导从句；（3）以特殊疑问词引导从句；（4）以关系代词/副词引导从句。 一、以that引导从句 当从句的意思已完整时，名词性从句用that引导，that在从句中不作任何句子成分，仅起连接作用。如： It is certain that he will do well in his new job. （主语从句） Do you know that he has been admitted to Beijing University? （宾语从句） My decision is that we are to start at 6 tomorrow morning. （表语从句）The news that our team had won the game excited everybody. （同位语从句） 当用that引导从句时，需注意以下情况： 1．在主语从句中，that一般不可省略，尤其是当主语从句位于句首时，它绝对不可省略。如： That our team had won the game was good news to us. 2．在宾语从句中，that可省略。但当句中有两个并列的宾语从句时，
引导第二个宾语从句的that不可省略。如： Everybody knows (that) the earth goes round the sun. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 3．当句子是以it作形式宾语时，引导宾语从句的that不可省略。如：He has made it clear that he will not give in. 4．that一般不能引导介词的宾语从句，偶尔可在except, but, besides 和in（在于…；在…方面）的后面引导宾语从句，that不可省略。如：Your homework is quite good except that you have made two small mistakes. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. He differed from other people in that he always looked farther ahead in his work. 在其它介词后面需要用that引导宾语从句时，必须用it作形式宾语。如： You may depend on it that I shall always help you. 5．在表语从句和同位语从句中，that不可省略。如： My advice is that you must give up smoking right now. The fact that he is a thief shocked all of us. 二、以whether/if引导从句 引导名词性从句的whether/if意为“是否”。在使用时，要注意两者存在以下区别。 1．在主语从句中，whether既可引导位于句首的主语从句，也可引导
写作语法一_五大基本句型+句子成分+名词性从句
1.基本的句子分类和句子核心成分 简单句，复合句（用连词直接连接的两个完整的简单句，“串联句”），复杂句（主从复合句，“并联句”） 不管是什么句子，既然叫做“句子”，那么意味着成分必须完整没有缺失。 既然是句子，不管是主句还是从句，都必须有谓语动词。而且任何一个句子中，有且只有一个谓语动词。 “非谓语动词”---v-ing现在分词，v-ed过去分词，to-do 改错：There are many people claim that education is quite crucial for the young generations. 修改一：who claim that… 修改二：claiming that… 修改三：去掉there are 2.5大基本句型:简单句的分类 主语+谓语（常常在后面接一个副词修饰谓语动词） Time flies.//I ran.//You jump; I jump. 主语+谓语+宾语 I want you.//I borrow books.//I love you. 主语+系动词(可接名词和形容词):be动词+感官动词（look/sound/smell/taste/feel）+get/become/turn/grow/appear/fall(asleep)/keep/stay/remain/maintain/exist(th ere exist…=there be…)…+表语（主语补足语） 主语+谓语+双宾语 主语+谓语+复合宾语（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语补足语是对宾语的进一步说明，一般是名词和形容词） He gave me a book. I call him Jack. I push the door open. 区别双宾语和复合宾语：双宾语的两个宾语之间没有必然的逻辑关系，而复合宾语的两个成分之间是有逻辑关系的，中间可以加be动词来进行甄别。 3.句子基本成分的概念的建立和强化 主语---是一句话的中心，整句话都谈它的情况。最简单的形式是名词。 谓语---是主语的主要情况，可表示动作，也可表示状态。只能是动词。 宾语---表示动作的承受者，也可表示动作的结果。最简单的形式就是名词。 表语---也叫主语补足语，和系动词一道构成谓语。 定语---修饰名词、代词。最简单的定语就是形容词：a beautiful flower//a standardized test 状语---修饰动词、形容词或副词。最简单的状语就是副词：increase rapidly//extremely wealthy//very well
模块3unit1grammar名词性从句连接词的选用
名词性从句连接词的选用 (一)t hat 和what的选用： that 和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。 that / what 1.______ he wants is a book. 2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is ______ we won the game. 4.This is _____ we want to know. 5.Is _____ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. (二）if 和whether 的选用 不能使用if 的情况： a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 d. 介词后的宾语从句 e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do. f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if. 1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. 5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 6. The question is _________ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ______ the old man will recover soon. 8. I don’t know _______ to go. （三）其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 ________ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _________ he looks like. 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _________ I left my glasses. （四）引导词that 的省略 that 可省略的情况： 单个宾语从句中的that可省略 that不可省略的情况： a. 主语从句
名词性从句状语从句
连词填空 A 从属连词(名词性从句) we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. we go swimming every day does us a lot of good. pick him up is not decided. he'll come or not isn't important. class will win the match is not clear so far. he will go abroad is being discussed. I spend my summer is none of your business . have done might do harm to other people. < 9. _________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. is a fact _________ English is accepted as an international language. 11. It is still under discussion ________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 12. It is known to all _________ the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. 13. It is still a mystery ______ caused the accident. 14. I want to know _______he can come here on time. 15. —Do you remember ________ he came —Yes, I do, he came by car. 16. —What did your parents think about your decision —They always let me do __________ I think I should. ) 17. He said ________ she would leave the message on the headmaster's desk. 18. There is no doubt ________they he will win the game. 19. I doubt ________he will come. 20. I don’t doubt ________he will come. 21. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. 22. We are talking about ____________we admit students into our club. 23. They are worrying about ____________ they can get there in time. 24. She was praised for ______ she had done. 25. We all find it important ______ we (should) make a quick decision about this matter 26. I think it necessary ______ we take plenty of hot water every day . 《 27. The problem was ______ could do the work. 28. That's ______ he is worrying about. 29. That's ______we never thought of it. 30. The fact is ______ we have lost the game. 31. The reason why he was late was ______he missed the train by one minute this morning 32. My suggestion is ______ we (should) start early tomorrow. 33. He is ill. That’s ______ he is absent. 34. -- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ____ you had a few days off 35. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. *
名词性从句whoever与no matter who有何区别
whoever与no matter who有何区别 有这样一道题： I will give the ticket to __________ wants it. A. whoever B. no matter who C. whatever D. no matter what 此题应选 A。容易误选B。选项C，D都是错的，因为从句意上看，“想要票的”应 该是“人”(whoever)而不能是“东西”(whatever)。至于为什么选 whoever 而不选no matter who，这要从它们在句中引导的成分说起： no matter who通常只能引导状语从句，而不能引导名词性从句。而 whoever 既可引导 名词性从句(= anyone that)也可引导状语从句(=no matter who)： 如何理解宾语从句的时态呼应 理解宾语从句的时态响应，应注意以下几种情况： 1. 无需呼应的情况：若主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词 可根据句意的需要使用任何所需要的时态。如： He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。 No one knows where he was born. 没有人知道他出生于何地。 Tom says that he’ll never get married. 汤姆说他永远不结婚。 2. 主句为过去时的情况：若主句谓语动词为过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词应用相应的 过去时态。如： She asked me if I’d slept well. 她问我睡得好不好。 I didn’t know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。 He said he was going to accompany her home. 他说他将陪她回家。 当主句谓语动词为过去时，即使宾语从句所表示的时间是现在，通常也用过去时。如：Oh! I didn’t know you were here. 啊! 我不知道你在这里。(you were here指说话的当时)
What_和that在名词性从句中的用法区别
What 和that 在名词性从句中的用法区别 What 和that 都可以引导名词性从句。 一．在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不（three nos）： 1．不省略（no ellipsis） 当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。 Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy.(That 引导主语从句不可省略) 2)The truth is that I didn’t go there. (that引导表语从句不可省略) 3)The news that our team has won is true. (that引导同位语从句不可省略) 但在非正式文体中that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外： that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况. (1). 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.（that不可以省略） 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。 (2). 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that不省略。Eg: 5) He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.（第一个That可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。)他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。 2．不作成分（no component） that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。 Eg. 6)Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.（that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分） 7))That you don’t like him is none of my business. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中不作任 何成分，也不省略） 3．没词义（no meaning） that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。 Eg. 8)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义) 她是一个很有钱的女子，这一点我们都知道。 9）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义） 他也许会考试失败，这一想法使他很担心。 二．在引导名词性从句时，What一般要注意一个不（one no）,一个有（meaning）,一个作（component）：what不可引导同为语从句 1．不省略 what 引导名词性从句时，what 在句中不省略。这一用法与that 用法不尽相同。 eg. 10) What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.(what 在句中引导主语从句，what 不省略) 11)----I think it’s going to be a big problem. ----Yes , it could be . ----I wonder what we can do about. (what在句中引导宾语从句，但在句中不省略） 2．有词义 what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。一般是“----的东西/事情/话等”这一用法与that 用法不一样eg. 1) This is what she wanted to show us. (what在句中引导表语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）这是她想让我们看的东西。 12）What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. (what在句中引导主语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的话）老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。