2012全国4月自考外贸英语写作00097资料试题

2012全国4月自考外贸英语写作00097资料试题
2012全国4月自考外贸英语写作00097资料试题

2012全国4月自考外贸英语写作(课程代码00097)资料试题

1.We agree to the amendments to the contract_ requested in your letter of May 5.

A. as

B. like

C. to be

D. when

2. To give you a general idea of various goods now available for export, we _a brochure and a sample.

A. enclose you

B. enclose

C. enclose to you

D. enclose for you

3. We will consider_your terms of payment.

A. accepted

B. to accept

C. accepting

D. accept

4. In addition to advertising, the marketing manager is in charge

of_promotional

activities.

A. others

B. many other

C. other more

D. other many

5. The customers cannot accept your price_ it is reduced.

A. even

B. if

C. unless

D. when

6. The prize will be awarded to_wins the contest.

A. whomever

B. whoever

C. whichever

D. whatever

7. A large quantity of our chairs are being exported to Europe_ than that quoted in our fax of Jan. 20.

A. for a higher price

B. at higher price

C. for a price higher

D. at a price higher

8. The contract,_stipulations have been negotiated over the past six months, is to be signed this week.

A.that

B. which

C. whom

D. whose

9. Checking accounts differ_saving accounts.

A.with

B. on

C. between

D. from

10. We_received the letter of credit when your letter arrived.

A.have all ready

B. have already

C. already

D. had already

11.To use containers does not require very strong packaging,_does it cost more.

A. either

B. neither

C. nor

D. so

12. We appreciate_to explore the market for our products.

A. your efforts

B. you make efforts

C. of your efforts

D. you to make efforts

13._you wish to make enquiries concerning our financial standing, you may refer to the ABC Bank.

A. Would

B. Should

C. Could

D. Shall

14. In addition to setting the price of a product, business firms must decide_to offer special discount and credit terms to their customers.

A. if .

B. which

C. whatever

D. whether

15. The goods will be shipped to Boston_October 15.

A. no later on.

B. no latter than

C. no later as

D. no later than.

16. We have received your enquiry of October 15_we learn that you are interested

in our black tea.

A. in which

B. from which

C. which

D. at which

17. The goods arrived_.

A. in the good condition

B. in good conditions

C. in good condition

D. in the good conditions

18. Every salesperson and every sales trainee_asked to sell twice as much next https://www.360docs.net/doc/a07509004.html,

A. are

B. is

C. were

D. was

19. I'm sure it is_who usually answers the phone.

A. her

B. she

C. they

D. them

20._our general agent, you would also have to look after the advertising.

A. Be

B. For

C.To be

D. As

(下列每句各有一个错误,出错误并改正.请将错误及改正写在“答题卷”上)

21.The new equipment made in Germany was arrived yesterday.

22. The new copy very much likes the original.

23. Professor Johnson has supervised four thesis on management.

24. Our age, as we all know, is a information age.

25. Can you offer me some work to do it in your department?

26. According with your letter, the customer did not follow the opening instructions.

27. I plan to request a leave in spite off the next day.

28. She is more conscientious than any teacher in her office.

29. The secretary feels badly about the mistake.

30. A profit-sharing plan was offered to we employees in the place of cost-of-living raises.

(用所给的词和短语写出符合逻辑的句子)

31 .banks/interesting rate / are raising / it is said / on personal loans / that

32. foreign trade / take place / between nations / many reasons / the exchange of goods / for/in

33. the lecturer / free traders / 500/ to / talked / a group of / enthusiastic

34. make a decision / before / you / consider / our budget deficit / please

35. how well / are eager to / is performing / find out / the sales representatives / the promotion team

36. came back/ the secretary/ when he/ had corrected and retyped /from the lunch/ the letter

37. that/everyone /away/ an apple a day /the doctor/ has heard /will keep

38. the negotiating parties/ as scheduled/ wonder/ an agreement/ if/ can reach/ I/ on quotas/

39. the company/ overseas/ had advertised / would have been [if /it/ more competitive/

40. are available/ in the coming fiscal year/ we hope/ enough funds/our employee recreation program /provided / to expand/

(下面每句都有一个标点符号错误,该用标点处未用标点或标点符号用错·改正错误或补写

标点,井将其与前面的一个单词一起填写在“答题卷”上)

Example: A. What a nice present you gave meee me

B. You think you are right don't you? right

41 .How large will the ad be, Two pages?

42. Congratulations You have won the first prize in the national contest.

43. Are you planning to leave before I return.

44. Mr.Scott selected Monday October 12 for the sales meeting.

45. The letter was returned because it was addressed to Springfield Ohio.

46. The secretary read the letter quickly, therefore, she did not find all the errors.

47. Many of the national parks are closed because of the drought; as a matter of fact more parks are closed than are opened.

48. Friday, July 1; Friday, July 8; and Friday, July 15; are all the possible dates to conduct the

balloting.

49. The average auction price has tripled in the last five years. profits from breeding have climbed even faster.

50. Lone live the People's Republic of China.

(写一份50个单词左石的备忘录)

51. As the marketing manager of a company, you are scheduled to attend a business conference in London next week. Write a memo of about 50 words to your secretary, asking her to make travel arrangements for you, stating your destination, the length of your stay, and the kind of accommodation required.

(写一封字数为130-150的信函)

52.有关信息:

日期:2009年9月18 El

收信人:Dr. F. Robert Boscamp

Northern Scientific Company

1123 Melrose Drive

Hopkins, MN 55343

发信人:Chris Streeter

4930 Beard Avenue N.

Minneapolis, MN 55429

主要内容:

(1)对你方在Sunday Star Tribune报上招聘有工程和教学背景的经理人员的广告感

兴趣。对贵公司仰慕己久,对系列产品很欣赏。

(2)在读博士期间,在一所大学教了三年的物理和电子工程课程;之后一直在一家

公司当生产经理:仍继续在一所大学的物理系教学,但一学期只教一门课.

(3)所附简历有我的教育、工作经历和科研出版详情;我将非常高兴有机会与您见

面并了解贵公司更多的情况:下周见面是否可能?每晚6点后打566-1907电话联系。

外贸英语函电写作要点

●信函1 建立业务关系 1. 告诉对方从什么渠道得知对方的信息。 Owe..to… 承蒙ABC公司的介绍,我方得知了贵公司的名称与地址。 We owe your name and address to ABC company. Transfer sth. To sb.传递…到.. Pass on sth. To sb. Thanks for ABC company who have passed on your name and address to us. 除了别人告知,还可以从信函、网站等方面直接了解到 从你方信函中,我们了解到贵方欲求购… From your letter of …, we know that you’d like to purchase… 从你方10月5号的信函中,我们了解到贵方欲求购1000双皮手套。 From your letter of 5th,October, We know that you’d like to purchase 1000 sets of leather gloves. 2、表达自己写该信的目的 与您接洽,为的是与贵方能建立业务关系。 We are approaching you with a view to establishing business relations with you Enter into/ establish/ build up direct/ friendly/ pleasant/ good business relations with sb. Promote business relationship促进业务关系 Strengthen/enhance business relationship 加强业务关系 We would like to enter into business relationship on the basis of equality, mutual benefit.我们愿在平等互利的基础上与你建立业务关系. 3. 我方的经营范围 We wish to inform you that(兹告你方) we specialize in… Please be informed/advised that…兹通知你方 Specialize/trade/handle/deal in leather bags经营皮包 Trade in VS trade with 我方是中国最大的工艺品出口商 我方是从网站上得知贵公司欲采购10000件工艺品 我们现已与美国和欧洲的多个商户建立了良好的业务关系。 附上产品目录和价格单,希望收到对方的询盘。 Dear sirs, From the internet, we know that you are purchasing 10000 sets of arts and crafts. We are approaching you with a view to establishing business relations with you. Because we are the main exporters of arts and crafts in China, and we have many partners both in America and Europe Union. Enclosed please find our latest catalogue and price list. We look forward to your favorable reply. ●信函2 enquiry询盘 初次询盘信一般包含以下内容:

2019年自考外贸函电考试重点自考小册子最新版

一、外贸函电的写作要领:completeness(完整)、concreteness(具体)、clarity(清楚)、 conciseness(简洁)、courtesy(礼貌)、consideration(体谅)以及correctness(正确)。 二、信息可以分为四大类:肯定信息(positive message)、中性信息(neutral message)、 否定信息(negative message,也称负面信息)和说服信息(persuasive message). 三、布局可以分为平铺直叙法(Direct Plan or Approach)和曲折迂回法(Indirect Plan or Indirect Approach)。 四、书信的组成部分 (必备部分)(可选部分) 1.信头(The Heading) 8、事由( The Subject Heading Or Caption) 2.日期(Date Line) 9、经办人(Attention line) 3.封内地址(The Inside Address) 10、附件(The Enclosure)简写Encl. or Enc. 4.称呼(The Salutation) 11、抄送(Carbon Copy)简写C.C. 5.信的正文(The Body of the Letter) 12、再启(The Postscript)简写P.S. 6.结束语(The Complimentary Close) 7.签名(The Signature) 五、打信格式 1.缩行式:封内地址和其需要分行的地址的后一行,都比前一行缩进两格或三格;信的正 文,每一段的开始一行都缩进若干格(一般与称呼末一字母取齐)。 2.平头式:需要分段的地方,及每段的开始一行都与前一行取齐,一律不缩行。平头式各 段之间要用double space以示分段。 3.混合式:封内地址和称呼采用平头式(从左边的空白边缘打起),其他部分采用缩行式, 两种格式的混合采用所以称之为混合式。 八、撰写询函的理由通常包括: (1)获取信息(如价格和技术数据) (2)获得印刷品(如商品目录本、说明书、公司介绍等) (3)索取样品 (4)取得帮助(如得到特别允许,帮助或建议等)

2012年北京中考数学试题及答案

2012年北京市高级中等学校招生考试 数 学 试 卷 学校 姓名 准考证号 一、选择题(本题共32分,每小题4分) 下面各题均有四个选项,其中只有一个是符合题意的. 1. 9-的相反数是 A .19 - B . 19 C .9- D .9 2. 首届中国(北京)国际服务贸易交易会(京交会)于2012年6月1日闭幕,本届京交 会期间签订的项目成交总金额达60 110 000 000美元,将60 110 000 000用科学记数法表示应为 A .96.01110? B .960.1110? C .106.01110? D .110.601110? 3. 正十边形的每个外角等于 A .18? B .36? C .45? D .60? 4. 右图是某个几何体的三视图,该几何体是 A .长方体 B .正方体 C .圆柱 D .三棱柱 5. 班主任王老师将6份奖品分别放在6个完全相同的不透明礼盒中,准备将它们奖给小英 等6位获“爱集体标兵”称号的同学.这些奖品中3份是学习文具,2份是科普读物,1份是科技馆通票.小英同学从中随机取一份奖品,恰好取到科普读物的概率是 A . 16 B . 13 C . 12 D . 23 6. 如图,直线AB ,C D 交于点O ,射线O M 平分A O C ∠,若76BO D ∠=?,则B O M ∠等于 A .38? B .104? C .142? D .144? 7. 某课外小组的同学们在社会实践活动中调查了20户家庭某月的用电量,如下表所示: 用电量(度) 120 140 160 180 200 户数 2 3 6 7 2 则这20户家庭该月用电量的众数和中位数分别是

外贸英语写作试题

本文档来源于实惠网外贸论坛(https://www.360docs.net/doc/a07509004.html,)你也可以加入外贸交流QQ群:你95545465交流外贸心得 免费外贸b2b平台-实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/a07509004.html,)注册轻松获得美金,机不可失。 外贸英语写作试题 Ⅰ.Translate the following: 1.From English into Chinese: CIP IMF Customs Invoice Counter Sample Voyage Charter Gross for Net Repayment Guarantee Optional port Futures Trading 2.Form Chinese into English: 1、银行汇票 2、互购 3、外汇储备 4、知识产权 5、备用信用证 Ⅱ.Choose the best answer:

1.We should be pleased to send you a sample our own expense. A.at B.in C.against D.of 2.Good harvest this year has made it possible for us to supply walnuts last year’s prices. A.at B.in C.against D.on 3.Any alteration in design would mean re-setting our machines, and the cost of this would be prohibitive you could place an order for more than 5,000. A.until B.with C.unless D.when 4.After studying our prices and our liberal terms, you will understand why we are working capacity to meet the demand. A.on B.to C.for D.of 5.Thank you for your remittance of US $ 2,150.00 the 70% freight due under Invoice No.22B/9 6. A.of paying B.pay for C.for payment for D.in payment of 6.It will be appreciated you could effect shipment in two equal lots by direct steamer you receive our L/C. A.when,wnen B.if,as soon as C.when,shich D.will,soon 7. “virtual shops” may lack see-and-feel sampling, the phenomenal growth of catalogue shopping, TV-and-phone marketing and phone-banking in recent years is proof that see-and-feel is not the only way to sell. A.While B.If that C.When D.Which 8. the goods were examined by a public surveyor upon arrival at your port,we cannot but accept your claims as tendered. A.If B.Despite C.Though D.Since 9.The discount of 5% agreed on was granted only no balance was outstanding from previous account. A.on condition B.on condition that C.that D.depends on 10.We can assure you that these suitings are very popular in the Far-East Markets, we have had some experience.

外贸英语函电书写格式要求

11----------------精选公文范文----------------1 外贸英语函电书写格式要求 各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢 篇一:外贸英语函电写作技巧 外贸英语函电写作技巧 英文信函的信头也称信端,其内容包括发件公司的名称、标志、通信地址、电话号码、传真号、电子邮箱等。书写信头的目的是为了方便收件人了解信函来自何处,并为回复提供联系方式。 很多公司都会印制带信头的信纸。一般来说,人们喜欢将简单的信头放在信纸上端居中,将复杂的信头放在信纸的右侧或上下两端。在使用这种信纸打印信函时,一定要注意为信头留出足够的空间。 对于私人商务信函,如求职信等,

22----------------精选公文范文----------------2 信头通常写在信纸的右上方。 如果信函的长度超过两页,那么从第2页开始就不再需要信头了,只需写上页码、收件人姓名及日期。 英文地址的书写和中文地址的书写有很大区别,应遵循从小到大的原则。特别值得注意的是,地址中的标点符号需正确使用。当前的习惯做法是,行末一般不加标点符号,但行中间该加标点的地方,还是不应省略。门牌号码与街道名称之间不加标点,但是在城市与国家名称之间必须用逗号分开。 英文商务信函中称呼的书写有讲究 在英文信函书写中称呼是对收信人的尊称语。一般位于信内地址下方空一行;有Attention时也一样,位于Attention下面空一行。称呼后面一般用逗号(英式),也可以用冒号(美式)。 如果信是写给公司的,并没有直接

33----------------精选公文范文----------------3 的联系人,称呼应为:“Dear Sirs,”(英式)或“Gentlemen:”(美式)。在不能确定收信人性别的情况下,还可以使用To Whom It May Concern或Dear Madam or Sir。不过这两种称呼应尽量避免使用,因为人们觉得它们不能显示足够的友好。在写信给特定的组织时,更愿意使用Dear Member,Dear Customer,和Dear Human Resources Manager这样的称呼。 如果知道收件人的姓名,就应该直接把姓名用入称呼里。 1.商务信函一般用Dear Miss Brown,Dear 。Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。 2.写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或Mydear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。

自考外贸函电历年真题并附答案

2002 年4 月全国高教自考外贸函电试题 一、单项选择题(本大题共20 小题,每小题1 分,共20 分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有 一个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。 1. Fifty cases of Green Tea you sent us were found to be badly damaged. This was apparently attributable to packing.( ) A. inferior B. superior C. faulty D. mistake 2. We trust you will do your best to have this matter right away.( ) A. settle B. to settle C. settling D. settled 3. By joint efforts we can both friendship and business.( ) A. increase B .promoted C .expand D. extend 4. We you for the special offer you send us.( ) A. thank B. appreciate C. be grateful D. beindebted 5. We are looking forward to your L/C for Order No 123.( ) A .receive B. receiveing C. be received D. be receiving 6. This is our best price, which we have concluded many orders with other buyers in your city.( ) A. on B. for C. by D. at 7. As it involves only a small , we hope you will have no difficulty on promotion.( ) A. quality B .figure C. quantity D. number

2012年考研英语试题及答案

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1 its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be 4 as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not 5 by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself 6 to the code of conduct that 7 to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases 8 the question of whether there is still a 9 between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law 10 having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions 11 they would be free to 12 those in power and have no need to 13 political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely 14 . Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social 15 like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it 16 is inescapably political—which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily 17 as unjust. The justices must 18 doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves 19 to the code of conduct. That would make ruling more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, 20 , convincing as law. 1. [A] emphasize [B] maintain [C] modify [D] recognize 2. [A] when [B] lest [C] before [D] unless 3. [A] restored [B] weakened [C] established [D] eliminated 4. [A] challenged [B] compromised [C] suspected [D] accepted 5. [A] advanced [B] caught [C] bound [D] founded 6. [A] resistant [B] subject [C] immune [D] prone 7. [A] resorts [B] sticks [C] loads [D] applies 8. [A] evade [B] raise [C] deny [D] settle 9. [A] line [B] barrier [C] similarity [D] conflict 10. [A] by [B] as [C] though [D] towards 11. [A] so [B] since [C] provided [D] though 12. [A] serve [B] satisfy [C] upset [D] replace 13. [A] confirm [B] express [C] cultivate [D] offer 14. [A] guarded [B] followed [C] studied [D] tied 15. [A] concepts [B] theories [C] divisions [D] conceptions 16. [A] excludes [B] questions [C] shapes [D] controls

外贸英语写作:进出口类商业书信写作范文.doc

外贸英语写作:进出口类商业书信写作范文外贸英语写作:进出口类商业书信写作范文 Inquiries regarding our new product, the Deer Mountain Bike, have been coming in from all parts of the world. Reports from users confirm what we knew before it was put on the market - that it is the best mountain bike available. Enclosed is our brochure. Yours faithfully 2. 提出询价 Dear Sirs, Jun.1, 2001 We received your promotional letter and brochure today. We believe that your would do well here in the U.S.A. Kindly send us further details of your prices and terms of sale. We ask you to make every effort to quote at competitive prices in order to secure our business. We look forward to hearing from you soon.. Truly 3. 迅速提供报价 Gentlemen, June 4, 2001 Thank you for your inquiry of June the 1st concerning the Deer Mountain Bike. It gives us great pleasure to send along the technical information on the model together with the catalog and price list. After studying the prices and terms of trade, you will understand why we are working to capacity to meet the demand. We look forward to the opportunity of being of service of you. 4. 如何讨价还价 Gentlemen, June 8, 2001 We have received your price lists and have studied it carefully. However, the price level in your quotation is too high for this market, If you are prepared to grant us a discount of 10% for a quantity of

外贸英语函电写作

外贸英语函电写作4大原则 刚接触外贸的小白都立志要好好学外贸英语,但具体落实下来还是发现自己不会写外贸英语函电。他们发出了一连串的疑问:外贸英语类信函有什么特点呢?写这类信函的时候有没有什么标准?我们该把握一个什么样的度呢?看到大家这么手足无措,今天就和大家聊聊写外贸英语信函时应该把握的4个原则。 一、多一词不如少一词 外贸英语函电写作的首要原则是简洁。我们都知道国际贸易的竞争是十分激烈的,所以一封简洁明了的信函可以给读信的人节省很多时间。要做到简洁,可以从3个方面入手。第一,省去那些繁琐的客套话,直接开门见山,直奔主题。如:Could you make us an offer for your newest motors?第二,应该使用简单的句子结构,多用单词少用词组和定语从句,如:We require TV which is of the new type就显得啰嗦了,可以直接写成We require new type TV。第三,适当使用缩略语。外贸英语中有许多既定的专业缩略语,如D/P(付款交单),F.O.B(离岸价),L/C(信用证)等等,要尽量掌握。 二、失之毫厘差之千里 准确性是外贸英语函电写作的另一个要求。由于中西方的文化差异加上思维方式的不同,外贸活动中的交流极易产生误解,所以外贸英语函电措辞的准确性就显得尤为重要。而且外贸英语函电还具有一定的法律效力。为了确保准确性,在选词的时候尽量用含义相对单

一的词,不要用含义太丰富的词。另外,外贸函电专业术语较多,尽量按照惯例来使用这些词。 三、话可不能乱说 这一点要求我们除了词汇、语法上需要准确无误外,还要注意表达恰当、得体。首先是要尊重双方的文化差异,毕竟大家的政治、经济环境、传统习俗、商业价值观、消费心理等都迥然不同。因此我们在表达的时候要小心,防止触犯了对方的文化禁忌。其次是要对写作的对象有一定的了解。除了注意对方的文化背景外,还有留意其他方面,千万不要碰到对方的“雷区”。 四、礼多人不怪 礼貌也是商务英语函电写作中需要注意的一个细节。生意往来向来讲究以和为贵,所以即使是有分歧,礼貌的交流也能为今后的合作打下基础。要做到礼貌,我们需要把握两点:一是信函中尽量少用否定句,因为否定往往会给人消极被动的感觉。二是可以多使用祈使句和疑问句,其中疑问句是首选。疑问的方式客气、委婉,给对方留有余地,让对方有被尊重的感觉。 以上就是诚商新视界小编想要跟大家分享的外贸英语信函写作原则。本着这4个原则,希望大家都能写出出色的外贸英语函电。 文章来源:诚商新视界

浙江7月高等教育自学考试外贸函电试题及答案解析

浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试 外贸函电试题 课程代码:00094 一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中,选出一个正确答案,并将正确答案的序号填 在题干的括号内。每小题1分,共20分) 1. ( ) the delay on the part of the suppliers, we must ask you to extend the date of shipment from July 11th to August 12th. A. Owing to B. According to C. In order to D. So as to 2. The buyer made a bid ( ) $600 per ton for peanut meat. A. in B. at C. for D. with 3. So far we ( ) business relations with the firms in more than one hundred countries in the world. A. are established B. have established C. had established D. shall establish 4. ( ) the goods under Contract No.1986 are ready for shipment, please rush your L/C with the least possible delay. A. If B. Unless C. Although D. As 5. Under separate cover, we have already sent you samples of ( ) sizes of shoes. A. varying B. various C. variable D. variant 6. We shall be glad to send you the necessary information about our machine tools on ( ). A. reply B. order C. request D. call 7. We wish to ( ) that this is the best price we can quote, and therefore any counteroffer from you cannot be considered. A. point at B. point to C. point of D. point out 8. We find your price is rather on the high side. We wonder ( ) you can do better in the near future. A. if B. why C. what D. as 9. All the cases are strongly packed ____compliance _____ your request.( ) A. for...with B. in...with C. for...in D. in...for 10. Please ( ) that the letters of credit are established with the least possible delay. A. see to them B. see them C. see it D. see 11. Can you offer us machine tools with the following ( ). A. informations B. messages

2012年高考全国2卷-文综试题及答案

2012年文综全国II卷(历史) 24.汉武帝设置十三州刺史以监察地方,并将豪强大族“田宅逾制”作为重要的监察内容,各地财产达300万钱的豪族被迁到长安附近集中居住。这表明当时() A.政权的政治与经济支柱是豪强大族 B.政治权利与经济势力出现严重分离 C.抑制豪强是缓解土地兼并的重要措施 D.经济手段是巩固专制集权的主要方式 25.许仙与白娘子自由相恋因法海和尚作梗终成悲剧,菩萨化身的济公游戏人间维持正义。这些在宋代杭州流传的故事,反应出当时() A.对僧人爱恨交加的社会心态 B.民间思想借助戏剧广泛传播 C.中国文化的地域性特色浓厚 D.市民阶层的价值取向 26.明后期松江人何良俊记述:“(正德)以前,百姓十一在官,十九在田……今去农而改业为工商者三倍于前矣。昔日原无游手之人,今去农而游手趁食(谋生)者又十之二三也。大抵以十分百姓言之,已六七去农。”据此可知() A.工商业的发展造成了农业的衰退 B.工商业发展导致了社会结构的变动 C.财富分配不均引起贫富分化加剧 D.无业游民增加促成了工商业的发展 27.理学家王阳明说:“士以修治,农以具养,工以利器,商以通货,各就其资之所近,力之所及者而业焉,以求尽其心,其归要在于有益生人(民)之道,则一而已……四民异业而同道。”在此,王阳明() A.重申传统的“四民”秩序 B.主张重新整合社会阶层 C.关注的核心问题是百姓生计 D.阐发的根本问题是正心诚意 28.清代内阁处理公务的案例“积成样本四巨册”,官员“怀揣摹此样本为急”,时人称之为:“依样葫芦画不难,葫芦变化有千端。画成依旧葫芦样,要把葫芦仔细看。”这反应出当时() A.内阁职权下降导致官员无所事事 B.政治体制僵化官员拘泥规则 C.内阁机要事务繁忙官员穷于应付 D.皇帝个人独裁官员惟命是从 29.梁启超在论述中国古代专制政治发展时说:“专制权稍薄弱,则有分裂,有分裂则有立征,有力征则有兼并,兼并多一次,则专制权高一度,愈积愈进”从中国古代历史整体来看,这一论述中可以确认的是() A.君主专制是维系统一的主要条件 B.分裂动荡是专制权力产生的前提 C.专制程度随历史进程而不断加强 D.武力夺取政权是专制制度的基础 30.1895年,身为状元的张謇开始筹办纱厂,他称自己投身实业是“捐弃所持,舍身喂虎”。这反映出张謇() A.毅然冲破视商为末业的传统观念 B.B.决心投入激烈的民族工商业竞争 C.预见到国内工商业发展前景暗淡 D.具有以追求利润为目的的冒险精神 31.1920年12月,毛泽东在致朋友的信中说:“我看俄国式的革命,是无可如何的山穷水尽你诸路皆走不通了的一个变计,并不是有更好的方法弃而不采,单要采这个恐怖的方法。”这表明在当时中国共产党早期组织成员看来() A.俄国革命道路必须与中国实际相结合 B.在中心城市举行武装暴动是当务之急 C.暴力革命是进行社会改造的必然选择 D.改良仍旧是改造社会行之有效的方法 32.1958年,美国一份评估中国“二五”计划的文件认为,中国虽然面临着农业生产投入不足与人口快速增长的压力,但由于中苏关系良好而可以获得苏联援助,同时减少粮食出口,中国可以解决农业问题,工业也将保持高速发展。这一文件的判断() A.对中美关系的急剧变化估计不足 B.B.低估了苏联对华经济援助的作用 C.符合中苏两国关系的基本走向 D.与中国工农业发展状况不符 33.据统计,1992年全国辞去公职经商者达12万人,未辞职而以各种形式投身商海者超过1000万人,这种现象被称为“下海潮”。这反映了()

常用外贸英语函电书信写作

常用外贸英语函电书信写作 外贸函电是建立对外贸易关系和外贸往来的重要手段。外贸函电不同于普通信函,有其语言、内容、态度、格式方面的文体独特特点,也要学习跨文化交际常识。接下来为大家整理了常用外贸英语函电书信写作,希望对你有帮助哦! 1.请求建立商业关系 Rogers Chemical Supply Co. 10E.22Street Omaha8,Neb Gentlemen: We have obtained your name and address from Aristo Shoes, Milan , and we are writing to enquire whether you would be willing to establish business relations with us. We have been importers of shoes for many years. At present, We are interested in extending our, range and would appreciate your catalogues and quotations.If your prices are competitive we would expect to transact a significant volume of business. We look forward to your early reply. Very truly yours 自米兰职权里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司和地址,特此修函,祈能发展关系。多年来,本公司经营鞋类进口生意,现欲扩展业务范围。盼能惠赐商品目录和报价表。如价格公道,本公司必大额订购。烦请早日赐复。此致 2.回复对方建立商业关系的请求

2019年10月自考外贸函电【考前必看】

自考外贸函电复习重点 1. bid 在国际贸易中,一般由卖方发盘或报盘,但有时,出于策略上的考虑,如卖方的商品供不应求,看涨,或是对当前的市场情况还不清楚,或是不知买方是否有诚意购买,常常要求买方先出盘,,以便集中对比,然后决定与谁成交。这种买方出的盘叫递盘(bid)。Bid也是一种报盘。 Bid 做名词时,常与动词make连用,基本结构是make ab a bid at a price for sth.。They made a bid at US$2,500 for Walnut-meat.他们对核桃仁曾按单价2,500美元递价。 Bid做动词用的常用句型为bid a price for sth. Last week we bid US$…… per metric ton for Green Tea.上星期我们对绿茶递价每公吨……美元。 另外bid也可做“投标”解。 2. 重要表达式 (1)to make you firm offers for both Groundnuts and Walnut meat CFR Copenhagen报花生和核桃仁两货CFR哥本哈根实盘 (2)Hand-picked,Shelled and Ungraded Groundnuts 手拣去壳不分级花生 (3)European Main Port 欧洲主要口岸 (4)This offer is firm,subject to your reply reaching us within one week此确盘一周内复到有效 (5)the best price we can quote这是我们能报的最好价 (6)As regards walnut meat关于核桃仁 (7)to be under offer elsewhere已向别处报盘 (8)to make us an acceptable bid给一个合适的(可接受的)递盘 (9)there has been a large demand for the above commodities对上述两商品的需求甚殷 (10)result in increased price结果导致价格上涨 (11)avail yourselves of the advantage of this strengthening market 可以得到这方面的好处。 (12)to be well connected with major dealers in the line of textiles与主要纺织品经营商有良好联系 (13)to be of good quality and competitive in price品质优良,价格又有竞争性 (14)best firm offer最优惠实盘 (15)to rush us samples by airmail立即以航邮将样品寄来 (16)If your shirts agree with the taste of our market,we feel confident of placing a trial order with you. 如你方的衬衫符合我地市场需要,我们有信心向你方试订 (17)By 100% confirmed,irrevocable letter of credit 100%保兑的、不可撤销的信用证(18)in our favour 以我方为受益人 (19)by draft at sight凭即期汇票支付 (20)to reach the sellers one month before shipment 在装运前一个月开到卖方 (21)remain valid for negotiation in China till the 15th day after shipment装船后15天内在中国议付有效

2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷)

2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷) 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,满分为150分。考试用时150分钟。 注意事项: 1、答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答 卷密封线内相应的位置上,用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。 2、选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答,答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上,超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。 2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文 本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第11卷(表达题)两部分。考生作答时,将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡),在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后,将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷阅读题 甲必考题 一、现代文阅读((9分,每小题3分) 阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。 “黑箱,是控制论中的概念,意为在认识上主体对其内部情况全然不知的对象.“科技黑箱”的含义与此有所不同,它是一种特殊的存贮知识、运行知识的设施或过程,使用者如同面对黑箱,不必打开,也不必理解和掌握其中的知识,只需按规则操作即可得到预期的结果.例如电脑、手机、摄像机、芯片,以及药品等,可以说,几乎技术的全部中间和最终成果都是科技黑箱.在科技黑箱的生产过程中,科学知识是通泌出,价值观和伦理道德则对科学知识进行选择。除此以外,科技黑箱中还整合了大童人文的、社会的知识,并且或多或少渗透了企业文化和理念。这样,在电脑或手机中就集成了物理学、计葬机科学、管理学、经济学、美学,以及对市场的调研和政府的相关政策等知识. 科技黑箱是特殊的传播与共享知识的媒体,具有三大特点。首先,它使得每一个使用者-不仅牛顿,都能直接“站在巨人的肩上”继续前进.试想,如果要全世界的电脑使用者都透彻掌握电脑的工作原理,掌握芯片上的电子理论,那需要多少时间?知识正是通过科技黑箱这一途径而达到最大限度的共享。如今,计葬机天才、黑客的年龄越来越小,神童不断出现,他们未必理解计算机的制作过程就能编写软件、破译密码。每一代新科技黑箱的出现,就为相对“无知识”的年轻一代的崛起与赶超提供了机会。其次.处在相付低端的科技黑箱往往与语境和主体无关,而处于高端的科技黑箱则需满足特定主体在特定场合乃至心理的需要。人们很少能对一把锤子做什么改进,而使用一个月后的电脑则已经深深地打上了个人的印记,这就锐明,在认识变得简单易行之时,实践变得复杂和重要.最后,当科技为我们打开一扇又一扇门的时候,我们能拒绝它的诱惑不进去吗?而一旦进去,我们的行为能不受制于房间和

相关文档
最新文档