大连理工出版社 应用型大学英语社综合教程3 课后答案
Unit 1
III. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in box. Pay attention to the derivatives.(With keys underlined) Identical similarity surprising adopt discover vote
1. The two buildings? style were virtually identical.
2. The mother has no ability to bring up her baby and finally she had her child adopted.
3. Joseph is very similar in characteristics to his brother.
4. J Watson and Francis Crick were the discoverers of DNA.
5.It will not surprise anyone to know that her application to a master degree
program
has been rejected.
6. When the price of skiing doubled, tourists voted with their feet and just stopped
going.
Task B：Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Keys: 1. f 2.e 3.a 4.d 5.b 6.c
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Put these pre-determiners in the correct order.
1. I will pack all these mother's old pictures in the box.
2. There is an ugly big brown wooden office desk in the front of the staff room.
3. My sister's long straight black hair makes her outstanding on the street.
4. A historic oval black and white family photograph is the most precious thing
in my
family.
5. My father found a beautiful little antique green jade Ming vase on the street
market.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressions in the brackets. Modify the sentence structure if needed.
1. This wine is about half the price of that one and we cannot tell the
differences. (have a hard time, tell apart)
This wine is about half the price of that one and we have a hard time telling them apart.
2. In addition to surfing internet, do you have any other hobbies? (besides)
Do you have any other hobbies besides surffing internet?
3. The moment she agreed to go with him, she realized she?d made a mistake.
(soon after)
Soon after agreeing to go, she realized she'd made a mistake.
4.The student, David, won the scholarship for this master degree program. (named)
The student named David won the scholarship for this master degree program.
5. You have your right to support your idols. (vote for)
You have your right to vote for your idol.
Text A：分别被领养的双胞胎
每70个新生婴儿中就会有一对双胞胎。双胞胎分为两种：异卵双生和同卵双生。异卵双胞胎是由两个卵子发育而成。他们就像其他许多的兄弟姐妹一样，只是他们是同年同月同日生的。异卵双胞胎外表可能会彼此相像，但也未必。他们可能会有相同的好恶，但也可能截然相反。有时人们可分辨出两个孩子是双胞胎，但有时也分辨不出。异卵双胞胎可以是两个男孩、两个女孩、亦或是一男一女。有三分之一的双胞胎会是同卵双生。是由一个卵子发育而成。他们拥有同样的DNA。他们在外貌、谈吐以及行为方面都十分相像。他们只可能是两个男孩或是两个女孩。在大多数人看来他们长得一模一样，人们总是很难分辨他们。除了长相之外，同卵双胞胎的愿望、梦想和目标都是相同的。科学家们还发现，他们甚至拥有相同的口味与饮食习惯，如，在食用相同数量的食物后他们会同时觉得饱。
同卵双胞胎的相似性表现在很多方面。Theo Jones 和 Jim Tomas 就是一个例子。他们是同卵双胞胎，然而Theo和Jim在很小的时候就被分开了。他们出生后不久就被不同的家庭收养。39年后团聚时，他们被各自生活中的许多相似之处所震惊。
他们发现：Theo和Jim都结过两次婚，两个人的前妻都叫Susan，两个人的第二任妻子都叫Nadia。他们同样都有一只叫做Joy的狗，他们都吸烟，都喜欢啤酒、驾驶大型车。Theo和Jim还有其他令人惊讶的相似之处：他们都会啃指甲、在过去的三届选举中，他们都为同一候选人投票、他们都很爱他们的第二任妻子，都在房子的每个角落留下爱的信息。
科学家们想研究自出生便分离的双胞胎，这个研究可以解答他们的疑
问：先天拥有与后天培养，哪一个更重要？
Unit2
Ⅲ. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Here are some words and expressions from the reading. Use them to complete the sentences below.
1. Researchers
collect information. They talk to people, do
experiments, and study important documents.
2. Dr. Jones does scientific studies to find out more about friendship.
3. Patients are sick people. They are seeing a doctor or staying in a hospital.
4. Material support is another kind of help that a friend can give.
Examples are loaning money or doing favors.
5. Exercise has many benefits . One of the good things about exercise is
that it can keep you healthy.
Task B: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the word in brackets, pay attention to the derivatives.
1. A person with a healthy mind is mentally healthy. (mental)
2. Peter was sick, but now he?s better. He recovered quickly. (recover)
3. I always eat when I'm feeling stressed . (stress)
4. Emotional support is kink of help that a friend can give. Examples are
giving advice, spending time with someone, or listening. (emotion)
5. A person who doesn?t get colds or the flu is probably physically healthy. (physical)
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Fill in the bubble for each correct answer.
Keys：1.A 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.A
Task B: Use the comparative expressions in the box to complete the following sentences.
benefits researchers scientific studies patients material
have better physical health is more difficult recovered sooner are better more and more difficult
1. As the disease worsened, he found walking more and more difficult .
2. According to some studies, people who have pets have better physical health
than people who don’t
have pets.
3. Linda always gets As. Her grades are better than mine.
4. English is more difficult than than Spanish because English spelling is irregular.
5. Both Linda and Rafael got the flu, but Rafael recovered sooner than Linda because he stayed in bed.
课文A友情的益处
什么是友谊？什么是朋友？答案因人而异。你的爱好是什么？你认为重要的事情是什么？通常朋友有共同的喜好。例如，朋友经常会喜欢同一种运动项目，爱看同一部电影或欣赏同一类型音乐。他们愿意一起来做这些事情。朋友还拥有同样的信念。比如说，两个人都认可家庭的重要性；两人都认为从事志愿者的工作或保护环境非常重要。朋友可能还会持相同的政治观点。
尽管对“朋友”的定义各不相同，但是所有的人都承认，拥有朋友是一件有益的事。朋友可以让你振奋，朋友对你的健康也大有益处。
朋友使你的身体健康。他们能帮你保持精神上和身体上的健康。许多科学研究证明了这一点。例如，耶鲁大学曾对194位身患疾病的人进行对比研究。其中有一些病人有朋友，另一些人没有朋友。在一组拥有两位朋友的患者中，63％的病人在一年后依然健在，而在一组没有朋友的患者中，仅有43％的病人在一年后依然健在。杜克大学医学中心从事行为研究的专家们也有同样的发现。他们对1，368位患心脏病的病人进行了长达九年的研究，发现拥有朋友的病人康复得更快。
这些研究表明了友情的益处。一般来说，拥有朋友的人身体和精神都更加健康，压力也较小，也比没有朋友的人更长寿。
为什么会如此？主要原因在于：朋友可以让生活更简单。朋友可以从两个方面让生活更简单。其一，朋友会提供精神上的支持。例如，朋友可以聆听你的困难，可以提出建议，帮你出主意。其二，朋友也会提供物质上的支持。例如，朋友可以借钱给你，开车顺便送你去学校，甚至照顾你的宠物。这些帮助减缓了生活的压力。而相对轻松的生活能让人保持身体和精神的健康。
你可以有一群朋友，也可以仅有一位知心朋友。不论如何，研究表明友情的益处颇多。俗话说得好“真正的朋友是最好的医生。”
Unit 3
III. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the word in box, pay attention to the derivatives. （with keys underlined）confident applause extremely assist
conventional cheer systematic psychological
1. Alcohol is bad for your system.
2. I can't move this piano without assistance.
3. Psychology is the science or study of the mind and how it functions.
4. Don't put too much confidence in what the papers say.
5. The extremists are threatening to blow up the hijacked airliner.
6. The crowd applauded his performance for five minutes last night.
7. Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation, which is a common sense.
8. The news isn't very cheerful / cheering, I'm afraid.
Task B：Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Keys: 1. e 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. f 6. a
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms, choosing the –ing participle, the definitive or –ed participle. （with keys
underlined）
1. Do you recollect telling John about the new house?
2. Do you wish your breakfast brought/ to be brought to your room, madam?
3. Suddenly we felt the atmosphere grow tense.
4. I don?t like to h ear you talk/ talking like that.
5. I?ll leave you to settle all the business.
6. Will your increased salary enable you to buy a new car?
7. The paid servants had their specified position in the household.
8. Did you try to encourage your son? Did you give him any encouraging advice?
9. Sheila is the adopted daughter of a well-known banker.
10. More traffic will be able to pass on the widened road.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressins in the brackets. Modify the sentence structure if needed.
Key:
1. She does not want to get married and she says she's waiting for the right man to come along.
2. I find his behaviour (irresponsible) beyond belief.
3. She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.
4. Several companies are competing (against/with each other) for the contract /to gain the contract.
5. As the President's car arrived, the crowd broke into loud applause.
6. The two books are the same except that his one has an answer key at the back.
课文A 4分钟内跑完1英里的第一人
大家都说这是不可能做到的。通常都认为，没人能在4分钟内跑完1英里。大家认为此事不可能，主要原因可能如下：人的肺活量不够大；人体支架过大并且体重也太大。
那时，罗杰?班尼斯特出现了。在1954年5月6日，他成功了。他在4分钟内跑完了1英里。他怎么做到了呢？他的肺活量大吗？他的躯体比其他人小吗？他的体重比其他人轻吗？不，班尼斯特除了一件事以外，均与其他人毫无区别。那就是他充满自信，他相信1英里打破4分钟的记录是给有准备的人完成的。
罗杰?班尼斯特于1929年出生在英格兰的哈洛。17岁时，他在牛津大学读大学。他要学习医学。他参加了牛津大学的田径队，并参加了跑步比赛。他认定在4分钟内跑完1英里是有可能完成的。他学到的医学知识使他更理解了人体（的运动机理），他还研究了跑步的力学原理和参赛者参赛过程中的心理变化。他构想了一套系统的训练计划。他每天在午餐休息时间训练半个小时。
当时班尼斯特想到了一个好办法来打破英里4分钟的记录。他知道自己在追赶另一个人时能跑得最快。他叫上了两个朋友，克里斯?夏特威和克里斯?布拉什，来相助。在有名比赛的那天，人群涌动。克里斯?夏特威在前半英里跑得非常快，班尼斯特追赶着他。然后克里斯?布拉什在后半英里跑得非常快。两个朋友不是真要跟班尼斯特竞争，他们是在帮他跑得更快。
班尼斯特跑得极快。在前半英里，克里斯?夏特威跑在班尼斯特前面。比赛很艰难，因为当时侧风是每小时15英里。有时侧风的风速达到每小时25英里。前半程过后，班尼斯特的成绩是1分58.2秒。在后半程，他的另外一个朋友克里斯?布拉什跑在班尼斯特前面。跑完四分之三的路程时，班尼斯特的成绩是3分0.5秒。班尼斯特在最后四分之一的路程跑得非常快。他反超克里斯?布拉什了。当他跑完1英里时，播音员宣布成绩，“3分……”。观众爆发出掌声和欢呼声。没人知道最后的成绩，最后是3分59.4秒。罗杰?班尼斯特成功了。他成了4分钟内跑完1英里的第一人。
III. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the word in box, pay attention to the derivatives. （with keys underlined）exclamation cooperative sensitive influential conversation interactive
1. Chemicals interact to form a new compound.
2. `What,' he exclaimed, `Are you leaving without me?' …
3. At his table he liked to have, as often as he could, some sensible friend or neighbor to converse with.
4. A good teacher should sensitize students to a poet's use of language.
5. It is too crowded in the corridor. Please clear the gangways, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for your co-operation.
6. It?s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso.
Task B：Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Keys: 1.g 2.c 3.f 4.a 5.b 6.h 7.e 8.d
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Change the question in the brackets to a subject clause.
Keys:
1. What they need is more practice.
2. What he was talking about was interesting.
3. Where she went is none of your business.
4. Why they left the country is a secret.
5. Who the mayor of New York City is hasn’t been announced yet.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressins in the brackets. Modify the sentence structure if needed.
Keys：
1. Under the circumstances (eg because the salary offered was too low)
he felt unable to accept the job.
2. No one could deny that there are some factors that are influential (ie
have an important effect) in reaching a decision.
3. I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter.
4. He's very sensitive about being small, so don't mention it.
5. Don't refer to this matter again, please.
课文A 汉语与性别
语言与性别之间是相互影响。一方面，不同性别的说话者使用语言有别，以达到各自交际的目的；另一方面，语言也导致并加强了性别差异。可以说，不同性别的说话者有不同的使用语言的方式。在中文里，女性说话者通常比男性说话者有更多的限制。比如，女性对话者在过去是不会在公共场所骂人的，她们也不会大声说话或太直接说话。
语言的不同一方面是和不同性别说话者的不同话语联系在一起。男女通常能通过发音区别开来，如高音位、低音位，但同样重要的是词汇的选择使用。比如像“哎呦”、“哎呀”等感叹词几乎特别跟女性有关系，像“哦”、“吽”、“嘛”等句末词也一样，尤其在说话时要延长得更长些。中国男性说代词“人家”时，仅仅指第三人称；然而，当女性说“人家”时，可能指的是别人,或者是在特殊的情况下，如向爱人抱怨或是抱怨自己。而且，由于女性通常被认为是情感更细腻，也许大部分仅限于女性使用的词往往是表达感情的，这也许是不足为奇的，因此，表示厌恶的词，如“讨厌”（“真恶心，别这样！”），大多是女性使用的。就互动的谈话技巧而言，中国女性说话者往往更会与其对话者合作，在交谈时，经常用“嗯”、“嗷”（“哦？！”）、“真的”（“真的吗？”）、“对”（“是的”）等等。
不同性别使用不同语言的另外一方面表示为男女的暗示语不一样。在中文的众多方面里，男性的强烈的影响是显而易见的。指代男性的词往往放置在女性的词前面，比如“男女老少”（“每一个人”）、“夫妻”（“丈夫和妻子”）。当要指明从业者是女性时，专业职称前经常还添加“女”字，如“女医生”（“女性医生”），但是有同样职称的男性从业者却没有这样特殊的符号表示。这样的词表明了中文的某些社会现实。
说话者也会改变语言。女性通常被认为是对语言的使用更敏感且是更好的新词创造者。其中一例证就是所谓的“女性普通话口音”（“女国音”），这指的是j、q、x等音的变化和z、c、s等音，分别在单词，如“高兴”> “gaosing”(“幸福”)。20世纪20年代这些变化已经在北京由女性说话者所引领。有证据表明，女性的汉语口音现在似乎已经女性言语群体的范围了。另外一个例子就是女书，它是类似于汉人书写体的系统，仅在湖南省的女性群体里发展、使用。
Unit5
Ⅲ. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in the box, pay attention to the derivatives. (with keys underlined) phenomenon speedy disturb equivalent overwhelmed relatively
1. There?s a general equivalence between the two concepts.
2. Since I got a job, I?ve been living in relative comfort.
3. Residents are fed up with the disturbance caused by the night club.
4. The best thing you can do to speed your recovery is to rest.
5. Do you believe in the paranormal and psychic phenomena?
6. She felt an overwhelming desire to tell someone about what had happened.
Task B ： Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Keys : 1. e
2. a
3. d
4. f
5. b
6. c
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Put these phrases in the correct blank. (with keys underlined) 1.
1. A national telephone 24-hour hotline has been set up for students suffering from stress.
2. Walking is the second-most popular form of exercise in Britain.
3. You should change your easy-to-guess password in order to protect your computer data.
4. The computer screen on this laptop is sixty-six-character wide.
5. All of us agree that this is really a thought-provoking film.
6. World leaders will meet next week for their annual economic three-day summit
7. There is a very famous open-air market at night.
8. It's our practice to supply high-quality goods at reasonable prices.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressions in the
brackets. Modify the sentence structure if needed.
1. With regards to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library . (according to)
According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library .
2. It was a bad weather, but they had a wonderful holiday. (despite)
They had a wonderful holiday , despite the bad weather.
3. I did not go to the cinema, because the weather is intense cold. (because of) I did not go to the cinema because of the intense cold.
three-day sixty-six-character easy-to guess
high-quality second-most popular open-air 24-hour thought-provoking
4. Not only did they rush into his office and steal his books, but they also tore up his manuscripts. (break into)
Not only did they break into his office and steal his books, but they also tore up his manuscripts.
5. Why don?t you run away from the police? (outrun)
Why don?t you outrun the police?
6. Four days had gone past since the evening when he had come across her outside the junk shop. （run into）
Four days had gone past since the evening when he had run into her outside the
junk shop.
Text A: 你的密码是“123456”吗？
根据一项新的分析报告，每五个网民中就有一个使用简单密码，就像人们习惯于将房门钥匙放在门垫下一样。这些网民选择简单、容易猜到的密码例如“abc123”、“iloveyou”、甚至是“password”来保护个人数据信息。Imperva公司的首席技术官员Amichai Shulman说：“这是人性的缺陷，我们自从90年代以来就一直沿袭这样的模式。”为什么会这样呢？我们应该怎样去选取一个“更强大的“密码呢？
Shulman和他的公司验讫了一份有着3200万用户密码的列单，这个列单曾在上个月被一个无名黑客盗窃。他们发现在这3200万个密码中,有近1%的人设定“123456”作为自己的密码。而频率排在第二高的则是“12345”其他排名前20的包括“qwerty”“abc123”和“princess”。Shulman表示，更加令人不安的是，有20%的网民的密码是从5000个密码小数据库中选取的。也就是说，黑客们只要试着输入这些最常见的密码，就可以轻易的破解我们的账户。而且当下电脑技术的进步和高速网络的普及，黑客们可以在一分钟里破译出数千个密码。
过度使用简易密码并非是新生现象。一个类似的的调查分析了20世纪90年代中期电脑密码的使用情况，发现当时最流行的密码竟然也是“12345”、“abc123”和“password”。
为什么大多数人仍然不顾安全警告，选择简单易猜的密码呢？安全专家认为，在这个数字时代，我们有太多的东西需要记忆，而且我们要记的密码可能是10年前的10倍。
专家建议每个人至少选择两种不同的密码。对于安全系数要求高的，如登陆网上银行账户或者是电子邮箱时，建议使用一组复杂的密码。而登录社交网站或者娱乐网站的密码可以就简。我们可以选择至少12个字符长度的密码，这要比那些5或6个字符的难破解得多。
Moss先生讲到一个笑话：几个徒步旅行者在森林中遇到一只熊，存活下来的是比同伴跑得快的那个人。你只要跑得快一点，立刻替换你的简易密码吧。Unit 6
III. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in the box, pay attention to the derivatives. （with keys underlined）boost anticipation stressful relaxing additional derive
1. T aylor was excited when she was anticipating a wonderful time of the trip.
2. Finding a new job is a very stressful experience.
3. Peter would rather not go out tonight because he wants to relax at home.
4.The community will get a boost from a new library and a recreation center.
5. Generally speaking, we?ll derive great benefits from exercising.
6. A/An additional charge is made on baggage that exceeds 20 kg.
Task B：Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Keys: 1.c 2.e 3.a 4.b 5.d 6.f
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Rewrite the following sentences according to the directions in the brackets.
1. It is the restaurant. I met my husband at the restaurant. (表语从句)
Key: This restaurant is where I met my husband.
2. Jason has worked very hard to earn the scholarship. It is the truth. (表语从
句)
Key: The truth is that Jason has worked very hard to earn the scholarship.
3. One day I will become a respectable teacher. It is my dream. (同位语从句) Key: It is my dream that one day I will become a respectable teacher.
4. Will the president come to the party? That?s a question. (同位语从句) Key: That?s a question whether the president will come to the party or not.
5. What does SPF stand for? I have no idea. (同位语从句)
Key: I have no idea what SPF stands for.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressions in the brackets.
1. You need to have a rest, or else you will collapse. (take a break)
Key: Y ou need to take a break, or else you will collapse.
2. Adrian always succeeds in what he decides to do. (set out)
Key: Adrian always succeeds in what he sets out to do.
3. “It?s none of your business!” Mary yelled all of a sudden. (have to do with) Key: “It has nothing to do with you!” Mary yelled all of a sudden.
4. John has just broken up with his girl friend. (split up)
Key: John has just split up with his girl friend.
3. You must work harder in order not to fall behind the other students. (catch
up)
Key: Y ou must work harder in order to catch up with the other students. Text A 度假如何影响快乐
度假让人们暂时放下工作，外出走走，或者和家人共享美好时光。但这真的能让你更开心吗？
荷兰的研究人员就度假对人们的整体快乐程度的影响以及持续时间展开了研究。他们就1530名荷兰成年人进行了快乐指数研究，并为其中974名在为期32周的研究期间里安排了度假。
研究表明，快乐指数最大的推动力来源于单纯的假前安排。此项研究中，对假期的期待带来了快乐指数的提升，其效果持续了八个星期。
假期结束之后，大多数人的快乐指数迅速回落到基准水平。度假者在旅途中承受了多大的压力或是享受了怎样的休闲，似乎都会影响到其假后的快乐程度。对于那些声称假期感觉一般或是紧张的度假者，假期结束之后他们并没有感到更加快乐。
有点儿意外的是，即使那些形容旅途轻松的度假者也并没有在假后体现出快乐指数的再次提升。”他们并不比那些没有度假的人们更加快乐。”杰伦·拿瓦金如是说。他是荷兰布雷达应用科技大学旅游研究讲座的讲师及第一作者。
只有一部分度假者在假期结束之后快乐指数上升，他们据称假期非常轻松自在。这些人中，假期提升的快乐指数在假后仅维持了两周就降到了基准水平。
“度假确实能使人快乐，”拿瓦金先生说到，”但是我们发现那些还在期待假期的人们快乐指数有所升高，而后就很难再有效果了。”
度假者在假后无法更加快乐，原因之一可能和重返工作带来的压力有关。对某些度假者来说，旅行本身就是很有压力的。
“人们又开始工作了，”拿瓦金说，”他们必须迎头赶上。通常旅行归来都有一大堆的工作等着他们。”
该研究表明，既然提升快乐指数最大的推动力来自对假期的计划和期待，比起一年一度的长假，人们或许可以从一年几次小假中获得更多的快乐。
“此项研究对于个人的现实意义在于，你可以从对假期的期待中获得最多的快乐，”拿瓦金说，”你可以尝试通过增加每年旅行的次数来提升快乐水平。如果你有为期两周的假期，你可以一分为二，每个假期一周。你还可以通过和别人谈论假期或在网上谈论来提升期待度假所带来的愉悦感。”
Unit 7
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in the box, pay attention to the derivatives. （with keys underlined）transaction epidemic supplement
subsequent contradict unaffected
1. The writer was very excited because his story wo uld be published in the
subsequent issues of the newspaper.
2. It is not easy for a bank clerk to keep cool when there are millions of transactions to deal with every day.
3. Everybody was worried about their health when the unexpected epidemic took lives of many people.
4. Good food should be supplemented by regular exercise if you want to keep fit.
5. No matter what difficulty he ran into, his dream of becoming a respectable
doctor stayed unaffected.
6. Many citizens were angry when the new housing policy contradicted the
mayor?s promise.
Task B：Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Keys: 1.d 2.e 3.a 4.f 5.c 6.b
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Correct the following sentences using the knowledge of attributive clause.
1.We all want to find a job is comfortable.
Key: We all want to find a job that/which is comfortable.
2.They were in the group, which they were singing a song.
Key: There were in the group where they were singing a song.
3.Salmon is a delicious fish which meat is red or pink color.
Key: Salmon is a delicious fish whose meat is red or pink color.
4.The best friend I have ever had that was my neighbor who lived near my
house.
Key: The best friend I have ever had was my neighbor who lived near my house.
5.This story is about, who was the young mother had a hard time with her
children and with her work.
Key: The story is about the young mother who had a hard time with her children and with her work.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressions in the brackets.
1. If the company cannot sell more goods, it should reduce production. (cut
back)
Key: If the company cannot sell more goods, it should cut back on production.
2. Her success in writing somewhat benefited from her father?s
discouragement. (to…extent)
Key: Her success in writing, to some extent, benefited from her father?s discouragement.
3. Don?t believe his memory; he?s a bit of a dreamer. (rely on)
Key: Don?t rely on his memory; he?s a bit of a dreamer.
4. The serious drought this summer resulted in less crop output. (decline in) Key: The serious drought this summer resulted in a decline in crop output.
5. Good grades in school and related working experience will give you more chances in job hunting. (in a…position)
Key: Good grades in school and related working experience will put you in a better position in job hunting.
Text A 热量计算
对于快餐行业来说，这或许是个坏消息，但是，当人们可以读懂自己的快餐里含有多少卡路里的时候，他们的确会削减热量。在一项针对几百个星巴克门店数以百万记的交易进行的研究中，来自斯坦福大学的经济学家们发现，纽约市的消费者们在面对食品热量公告时纷纷将食品热量削减了约15卡路里，同比日常消费的食品热量减少了6%。
饮料大体上不受影响。顾客可以在购买饮料的同时，将食物的份量减少，从而在一定程度上消费了低热量产品。这项做法对于大食量的顾客来说尤其有效。另一项针对持有星巴克会员卡的消费者的研究发现，原来每次消费含有至少250卡路里食品的顾客，在热量公示推行之后将其摄入的热能减少了26%。
这次研究似乎与此前一次研究的结果大相径庭。早先那项研究对位于纽约市低收入城区的14家麦当劳、云狄斯、汉堡王以及肯德基连锁门店进行了分析，结果发现店里的热量公告在接下来几周里对消费者的购买决定并没有产生特别明显的影响。
针对星巴克进行的这项研究为期一年多，是以更多门店更多交易为基础的，因此它的结果更加准确。尽管存在这些差异，两项研究似乎都得出类似的结论：卡路里计算在较高收入社区的高学历人群中非常有效。而当消费者有多种就餐选择——有低卡路里食品可供选择时，这种做法会更为有效。
这项研究覆盖了市里的所有星巴克门店，发现那些生活在较高收入社区的以及在大学学历更集中的社区的顾客，会削减更多的卡路里。另外，当附近有一家唐恩都乐时，星巴克的生意会更好。
星巴克门店反映出的热量下降仍然相当有限，特别是一想到肥胖症在全国范围内仍然大行其道。然而，快餐业界称菜单上的热量计算并没有什么实际效果，这种辩解显然是错误的。
如果说此次调查结果还有什么意义的话，它还表明，推广热量公示还远远不够，除此之外，还应该采取措施吸引更多的连锁店为低收入城区的消费者提供健康食品。并且，教育人们关注肥胖症带来的健康后果。如此一来，消费者将能更好地关注美食旁标注的热量信息，从而作出健康选择。
Unit 8
III. Vocabulary Exercises
Task A: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the word in brackets, pay attention to the derivatives. （with keys underlined）
prestigious sociability admission trauma agony symptom
1. Chest pains may be symptomatic of heart disease.
2. Each ticket admits two people to the party.
3. Our journey home was pretty traumatic. It is too unpleasant.
4. He suffered a loss of prestige when the scandal was publicized.
5. We agonized for hours about which wallpaper to buy. We were so anxious and worried intensely.
6. He has never really been the sociable type. That is to say, he is not fond of the company of other people at all.
Task B：Match the words with their definitions on the right.
Key:
1.e
2.f
3.d
4.b
5.a
6.c
IV. Structure Exercises
Task A: Fill in a suitable subordinator, simple or complex: （with keys underlined）
1. While I understand what you say, I can?t agree with you.
2. Don?t ask me to explain unless you really don?t understand.
3. Wherever there?s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
4. Hardly had he arrived when he had to leave again.
5. Instantly the button is pressed, the mine explodes.
Task B: Rewrite the sentences by using the words or expressins in the brackets. （with keys underlined）
1. His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.
2. The wounded man was in agony.
3. Don't involve me in solving your problems!
4. He is apt to be quick-tempered.
5. She was barred from (entering) the competition because of her age.
课文A 重重压力
岑程是北京市的一名小学生，只有7岁，但在其父母的引导下，他已经在为10年后上大学做准备了。现在却不是很顺，最近他开始走神了，常常觉得不舒服，有时没有食欲，有时又贪食。体检显示他没有任何身体疾病，但小儿科医师却建议其父母带他去看心理专家。
这位心理专家说，“这些症状的原因很简单，就是压力所致。”在这位心理专家看来，孩子的生活方式就是问题的根源所在。他说，“有压力是正常的，但现在许多孩子无法承受或处理好父母各种各样的期待、要求，最终才产生了心理问题。”
“在孩子还是一岁半时，我们就开始教他认识英文字母了，”岑程的父亲岑军自豪地说。他希望孩子将来能掌握两门或三门的外语。“孩子10岁时，我们会让他参加数学奥林匹克比赛的培训课程。”实际上，岑程每个周六已经参加了一个课程，这是一所私立学校为那些对数学感兴趣的学生举办的培训课，但是，他私底下却说他对数学根本就不感兴趣。每个星期天，他也参加小提琴课程。“我们严格要求我们的孩子，这为他将来成才打下了一个良好的基础，我们丰富他的童年生活，让它变得有意义。”他父亲说。岑军不认为他的孩子面对很多的压力。
然而，很明显的是，岑程的童年生活已经被打乱了，因为他连玩的时间都没有。公平地说，岑程的父母没有阻止他去玩，但他有许多“更为重要的”事情要做，因此他已经懂得了如何不去参加一些活动，而是花大部分的课余时间在学习上。尽管那样，在他开始上学之前，他经常没时间去玩，那时他本应该跟邻居的小伙伴一起玩的。
因为孩子的父母对孩子学习严加督促，并且让孩子参与种种活动，以便将来孩子能够读名牌大学并且找到好工作，所以，岑程的生活方式是中国众多小孩中的一个代表罢了。在中国，还有很多孩子像岑程一样无法享受童年时光。专家认为，孩子面临的压力往往导致心理紊乱，甚至是一些社会问题。
在中国进行的一份调查表明，在2005年，小学生在周末花在家庭作业的时间超过了规定线的70%多。接受调查的学生中，几乎一半的小学生在去年的暑假参加过补习班，还有57.6%的学生说，由于繁重的学习压力，他们的精神痛苦至极。
让专家特别忧虑的是，孩子现在正处于一个性格的成型时期。孩子的问题对其性格有直接的影响，会引发孩子形成内向性格或感情受挫，也会阻碍孩子交际能力的发展，甚至在孩子长大后，这样的问题仍然会存在。
实际上，孩子的心理问题在全球范围内已经变得相对普遍。根据联合国儿童基金会提供的数据，孩子精神混乱的比例在全球范围内是20%，即每5个孩子中就有1个有心理问题。小学生的精神和行为问题现在愈加显得愈发的严重。
综合教程3课后答案详解
全新版大学英语综合教程3 课后答案UNIT 1 Vocabulary I. 1. 1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved 2) resist 6) budget 10) economic 3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting 4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about 2. 1)cut back/ down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through 5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up 3. 1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy 2) often generate misleading thoughts 3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work 4) be suspected of doing everything for money 5) before he gets through life 4. 1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in 2) device, the improvement, on a global scale 3) stacked, temptation, never dined out
II Confusable Words 1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household 2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspect III. Word Formation 1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) search Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements 5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking 2. (Theme-related) 1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough 6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) ideal II. Translation 1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as
全大学英语综合教程第二版课题答案全集
【一】全新版大学英语综合教程1课后题 Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1. …down back and on in 2. been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. the command the soldiers opened fire. bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. , rigid, to inspire tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas , career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ. violating Ⅲ. , in upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ. Cloze 1. back
and on out/in 2. Ⅱ. Translation 1. 1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2. Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship I. Vocabulary 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. 1) absolutely 2) available
综合教程3unit1 课后答案
Unit 1练习答案 Text comprehension IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences. (p7) 1.I planned to keep silent and act in such a way that nobody would notice that I was only a newcomer in college. 2.For three days, I had not been to the cafeteria due to my feeling of humiliation and shame. Instead, I stayed alone in my room and ate junk food of various kinds from a vending machine which was in just the right place to aid me in avoiding others. 3.It didn’t matter whether or not you were widely accepted or admired; you did not have to behave to the liking of everybody else. Vocabulary I.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1.I was feeling just a bit first-gradish:I had just the feeling of a newcomer at college without the strength a mature student might possess. 2.my airs of assurance: my apparent confidence 3. a little nourishment:some food to appease my hunger (as well as my anxiety) 4.running with the crowd was no longer a law of survival: going with the tide was no longer crucial to one’s success 5.massive mistakes: foolish and glaring mistakes II.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form. 1.distress 2. clutched 3. pose 4. sneaked 5. preoccupation 6.shackles 7. curse 8. deliberation III.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1.assure 2. discretion 3. relaxation 4. humiliate 5. strategy 6.embarrassment 7. maneuverable 8. immaturity IV.Fill in the blanks in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. 1.lived up to 2. headed for 3. seek out 4. has broken out 5.groped for 6. trying…on 7. go out to 8. tipped off V.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1.distinct: vague (indistinct) 2. discreetly: inconspicuously 3.reserve: self-restraint(self-control) 4. dumb: clever (intelligent, sensible) 5.demeanor：manner（behavior） 6. composed: excited 7. slink: sneak 8. na?ve: mature (sophisticated) VI.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. 1.caught on: became popular 2. look up to: respect 3. persist in: keep up 4.result in: lead to 5. figure out: understand 6. hit upon: found
大学英语综合教程答案
3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .