上海市长宁区2016届高三上学期期末抽查考试英语试卷 Word版含解析.doc
上海市长宁区2016届高三上学期期末抽查考试英语试卷第I卷（共103分）
I. Listening Comprehension (30')
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At an airport. B. At a train station. C. At a bus station. D. At
a travel agency.
2. A. She has been late. B. Her throat hurts. C. She has sold something. D. Her drink tastes sour.
A.3. Walk to the zoo. Wait for the bus. Cross the street. Take a taxi to the zoo.
A.4. She really wants to study in class.
B.C. The man shows great interest in the movies. S he is reluctant to go to the movies.
D. The man is too tired to remain in class.
5. A. Professor Brown is giving his speech in this room.
B. Professor Brown’s going to speak more some other night.
C. He has never heard about Professor Brown before.
D. He had no idea of Professor Brown’s speech tonight.
A.6. The man should go to another counter.
C. The woman dislikes the ice-cream offered there. B. The man gives the woman too many choices.
D. The woman is hesitating about her decisions.
A.7. He broke the woman’s calculator.
B.C. He cannot help the woman with her physics. He lost his classmate’s homework.
D. He doesn’t know where the ‘on’ button is.
8. A. Concerned. B. Disappointed. C. Exhausted. D. Puzzled.
A.9. She is inviting the man to go to the lake.
C. It will clear up in the lake area tomorrow. B. She is going to cancel her plan if it rains.
D. The lake will be clear after the heavy rain.
A.10. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.
B.Fashion designing is a booming business.
C.School learning is a must for fashion designers.
D.The woman should become a fashion designer.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A.11. The Seventh Duchess(公爵夫人) wanted to start a custom.
B.Wealthy people loved showing off their fine china cups.
C.Wealthy people enjoyed eating something in the late afternoon.
D.Duchess Anna liked the company of others in her sitting room.
12. A. Cream tea. B. Full tea. C. Low tea. D. Regular tea.
A.13. The routine of afternoon tea.
C. The facilities for afternoon tea. B. The dress code for afternoon tea.
D. The introduction to afternoon tea.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.
14. A. Scientific studies. B. Ancient tools. C. Egyptian royal jewelry. D. Modern radar.
A.15. The result of a comet(彗星) explosion was revealed.
B.A special black stone has lately been found in the Sahara Desert.
C.A stretch of sand littered with unique yellow-brown glass was discovered.
D.The research on the solar system formation has been greatly encouraged.
A.16. A science fiction. A travel brochure. An astronomy magazine. A jewelry advertisement.
Section C
Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
BRITISH AIRW AY TICKET INFORMA TION
Flight: BA168
Passenger: Bill Smith
Destination: London
Department time: 2:00 pm; _____17_____ 29th, 2015
Type & Price: _____18_____ trip; ￡ _____19_____
Check-in items: 2 pieces of _____20_____
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
How does the lady spend her weekend? She works in her garden and grows
_____21_____.
Why doesn’t she think it hard work? She _____22_____ doing garden work.
How does the man spend his leisure time? He _____23_____ in the bar.
What does the English proverb mean? Different people _____24_____.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary(26')
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
A Night Out
Michelle walked out the theater humming(哼唱) a tune. She’d just seen a wonderful musical at the beautiful Paramount Theater. (25)________ she closed her eyes, she could still see the beautiful costumes and stage sets. It was now after 11 p.m., and she really didn’t like being out late by (26)________. Since no one else had wanted to go to the show, she (27)________
________ go alone. She headed down the dark Seattle Street toward her car. No car. The parking space was empty. ‘That’s odd,’ she thought. ‘Am I on the wrong street?’ She checked the street signs. No, she was on Pine Street. And she was sure that this was (28)________ she’d left her car. But her car was nowhere to be seen. She began to feel nervous. Someone had stolen her car! What was she going to do?
Should she call the police or call someone to give her a ride? She decided to call someone. She took out her cell phone only (29)________(find) that her battery was dead! Now what? Maybe she could take a cab. She only had $1 in cash (30)___________ she checked every corner of her wallet. And to her horror, her credit card was missing! Then she remembered. She’d ordered something on the Internet and left the card by her computer. She headed back toward the theater and the lights on Pike Street. Then she saw something familiar. Her car! She realized she
(31)___________(park) on Pike Street not Pine Street! Once again (32)________(sing) a song from the show, she got into her car and headed home.
【考点】语法填空
【试题解析】
25．考点定位:状语从句；
她刚刚从剧院出来，如果她闭上眼睛，就能看到…，根据上下文逻辑关系，应该填if。
26．考点定位: 代词／不定代词
she didn’t like being cut out late by herself．by oneself 被某人自己。
27．考点定位: 词组／短语
分析本句的句子，根据前文因为没有人想去看表演，她只有自己去看。have to 表示客观需求。文章整体是过去，所以用had to。
28．考点定位: 定语从句；连词／连接词
分析本句的句子结构，可知这是一个定语从句，句子的意思是：她很确定这是她停车的地方。表示地点用where。
29．考点定位: 不定式
在英语中，only to do是固定搭配，意思是“不料(却)……,结果(却)……。
30．考点定位:状语从句；连词／连接词
文章上文讲到她只有一美元，尽管翻遍了钱包由于本空格后面dream是可数名词，再根据句意：那只是一个梦想，故用不定冠词a。
31．考点定位: 时态和语态
分析句意，可知她意识到她之前把车停在Pike 街。可知此事发生在这件之前，故用过去完成时；
32．考点定位: 现在分词
分析本句的句子结构，可知主动用ing，作伴随状语。
【答案】25．If 26．herself 27．had to 28．where 29．to find 30．although 31．had parked 32．singing
(B)
The Koran
Most religions have some kind of holy text on which the religious beliefs are based. For Christians this text is the Holy Bible; for Jews it is the Torah and for Muslims it is the Koran.
Muslims believe that the Koran (33)________(consist) of revelations from God to Muhammad during the years 610 to 632 when Muhammad died. These revelations were written down by those (34)________ were close to him during this time and for several years after his death. They were gathered into the text (35)________(know) as the Koran during the years 630 to 650.
The interpretation of the Koran has always been a difficult task, even for Islamic scholars. For example, the meanings of some words are determined by dots above the vowels(元音). In ancient
Arabic, however, very often these dots (36)________(omit). As a result some letters looked identical. Thus, the meanings of these words depended in many cases (37)________ the memories of the men who had written them. Early Muslims had to try to get the exact meanings of the words (38)________ these people died and it was too late.
Unlike the Bible, in which the events are provided in time order, there is no reference to
(39)________ things occurred in the Koran. In any case, unlike the Bible, most the suras - sections - are composed of orders and warnings. Unlike in the Bible, there are very few stories in the Koran.
Muslims believe that by (40)________(recite) the book, they create a holy atmosphere, and there are many Muslims who have learned the Koran by heart.
【考点】语法填空
【试题解析】
33．考点定位: 时态和语态
分析句意，可知这句话是描述一般的情况，故时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式，填consists;
34．考点定位: 定语从句；连词／连接词
分析句意和句子的结构，可知这是一个定语从句。those指代人，作为先行词，并且在从句中做主语，所以用关系代词who。
35．考点定位: 过去分词
分析句意，可知此题中的text和know是被动关系，而其know要在此句中作为非谓语动词，所以用known。
36．考点定位: 一般过去时及其被动式
分析句意和句子的结构，可知此处的意思是“被省略/漏掉…”，根据本句所在的语境，可知要用一般过去时。故用were omitted。
37．考点定位: 词组／短语
分析句子，可知本题考查动词搭配的介词，depend on/upon，此短语的意思是：依靠，依赖，取决于。
38．考点定位: 定语从句；连词／连接词
分析句子的结构，可知此处要填一个连词引导一个时间状语从句。根据上下文的意思，可知要填before，意思是“在…之前”;
39．考点定位: 宾语从句；连词／连接词
分析句子的结构，可知此处要填一个连词引导一个宾语从句，根据该句句意可知要填when，
表示“…的时候”。
40．考点定位: 动名词
由于空格前是介词by，故其后要用动名词。
【答案】33．consists 34．who 35．known 36．were omitted 37．on/upon 38．before 39．when 40．reciting
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. accommodate
B. alternative
C. boast
D. budget
E. elimination
F. enclosed
G. maintaining
H. possessions
I. regulate
J. tempting
K. unaccompanied
When young people begin to live independently, home-hunting can involve some stress. But they
would do well to remember that a new _____41_____ is available - micro-homes.
Fondly called ‘tiny houses,’ these houses have all living necessities in a small package, including
kitchen, bedroom and bathroom. Generally under 50 square meters, most tiny houses
_____42_____ just one or two people though some claim the space for more. What’s lost in size is
not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.
Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also _____43_____ unique practical features.
Making the best of urban space, the 72-to 122-centimeter-wide Keret House in Warsaw, the
world’s narrowest home, filled in an alley(小巷). The sample home Ecocapsule uses solar power,
wind power and rainwater collection to enable its owner to live practically anywhere. A system of
rails allows the DALE micro-home to _____44_____ room size and number as well as adding the
option of an open or _____45_____ courtyard.
As visually _____46_____ as micro-homes are, there are a few disadvantages to consider before
getting comfortable on a minicouch. Moving into a tiny house requires the _____47_____ of most
non-essentials, no matter the emotional connection to them. Guests will also mostly be out of the
question as the limited space may even cause a(n) _____48_____ individual to experience some cabin fever. And finally, a micro-home is likely a temporary living option for most people since they will probably start families and acquire more _____49_____.
Though the limitation will scare some, there is usually a benefit. A small size results in a small price tag and small bills, making tiny houses easier to save up for and _____50_____. And though you won’t have much stuff around the house, this can provide the comfort of simple living and maintenance. Micro-homes are also practically mobile and claim eco-friendliness that can’t be matched by other homes. They probably aren’t for everyone or forever, but when it comes to your next (or first) home, they could be just what you need.
【考点】信息匹配
【试题解析】
41.在这里根据上下文意思，要填一个能具有“备选方案”这个意思的词，显然，alternative 具有“可供选择的事项”这个意思，因此得此答案。
42.该词意思为“容纳”。此空后面紧接着one or two people，并且该句的主语是most tiny houses，所以该空填此词。
43.此词在此处的用法对大多数考生都会有点陌生，其后搭配的是unique practical features，而boast的一个意思就是“具有……的特色”，故为答案。
44.这个词的形容词形式regular为广大考生熟悉，但此词的动词用法也成为部分考生的盲点，意为“有系统地管理、调节”，此处动词allow的用法是allow sth．to do sth．故可以确定的是该空要填的是一个及物动词，原句的主语为“A system”，根据regulate的意思，符合原句意思上的要求，故为答案。
45.该空前面是并列连词and, 前后的词需要词性或结构要一致，意思上根据上下文，要么相近要么相反，而此空的要求是填一个与open相反意思的词，而enclosed的意思是“封闭的”，故与open意思相反，故为答案。
46.此词意思为“有诱惑力的、吸引人的”，该空所处位置是一个“as…as”结构，后面跟的是are，表示让步，故考虑填一个形容词，根据上下文意思得知，micro-homes很吸引人，并且该原句后面说的是micro-homes的弊端，故前面应该填一个与“弊端”基调相反意思的词，-ing作形容词表示“令人感到……”，故tempting为答案。
47.该空处在“the ______ of sth.”结构，判断空里填的词为何，取决于其后sth这个词的意思为何。原句中sth为“non-essentials”，表示“非必需用品”，根据句意“Moving into a tiny
house requires the 7 of most non-essentials,”搬到一个微型住宅里，需要______非必需品，根据意思，应该填一个表示“丢弃、排除”的意思，故elimination正好表达此意，故为答案。
48.此题有点难度，其后的不定式短语的宾语部分是cabin fever，此词组为生词，意思为“幽居症”，若不知道这个词的意思，只能靠individual这个词进行推导，需要一个形容词来修饰individual。原句“as the limited space may even cause a(n) 8 individual to experience some cabin fever.”的意思是，受限的空间甚至会让……的人经历幽居的体验。故需要填一个表示这类人是“单独的、独自的、无陪伴的”形容词，故unaccompanied符合此意。
49.该题属于and并列连词连接前后意思构成顺承关系的短语，and前面为start families，and 后面的动词是acquire，为及物动词，后面应该接名词，按照常理，组建好家庭之后，会为家庭添置很多物件，故possessions“私人财物”，符合词意，故为答案。
50.因为budget这个词为广大考生熟悉的意思是其名词词性“预算”，而该词也可以作及物和不及物动词，而此空该词作及物动词来用。该空所处结构是make sth．adj．to do，结构中do的宾语是make后面的sth.，此题还考查不定式作后置定语时的内部关系——动宾关系，能看穿这个考点，考生就能发现，save up for并不缺宾语，and并列的也应该是一个能带宾语的动词，即：budget tiny houses，“为这些微型住宅做资金预算”。
【答案】41-45．BACIF 46-50．JEKHD
III. Reading Comprehension(47')
Section A(15')
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
At 1:30 p.m. on March 31, 1981, John Hinckley Jr. stepped from a crowd of onlookers and tried to kill Ronald Reagan, the president of the United States. Although he failed, he did cause injury to the president. The crime was committed in clear view of many people. _____51_____, at the end of his trial, Hinckley was found not _____52_____ by reason of insanity(精神失常). Instead of prison, Hinckley was sent to a mental hospital, where he remains.
The judgment in Hinckley’s case did more than annoy a few people. It _____53_____ a nationwide debate about whether people accused of a crime can claim they were insane when they did it. If they were capable of _____54_____ and then committing a crime, how could they later
claim to have been insane? One starting point is to identify what insane means in a U.S. court of law.
Very young children cannot be _____55_____ if they do not know right from wrong, because they cannot be held morally responsible for their actions. For most people, moral responsibility comes with age and maturity. Psychologists, however, say that there are some adults who cannot recognize right from wrong. Since these adults cannot tell the _____56_____, they should not be held morally responsible for their actions. In a U.S. court of law, an adult like this may be considered insane. Hinckley was judged insane because _____57_____ determined that his mind was not functioning like a(n) _____58_____ adult’s so he had no idea what he was doing. Instead of spending the rest of his life in prison, Hinckley would be committed to a mental hospital, where he could be treated for his illness.
People who are against the use of an insanity defense say that criminals like Hinckley do know what they are doing. _____59_____ of the insanity defense say that everyone who commits a serous crime like Hinckley’s could be said to be mentally ill. Otherwise, the person would not commit the crime _____60_____. There are many people who struggle with severe mental illness who do not commit crimes. The illnesses should not be used as a(n) _____61_____ for violent behavior.
People who _____62_____ the insanity defense believe that mental illnesses are not always treatable. Psychologists have been able to detect patterns of behavior. These mental detectives have _____63_____ evidence that a person can be insane but seem normal. Hinckley and others with _____64_____ conditions suffer from delusions(错觉). Even though people with delusions may seem normal, the world does not appear to them as it does to other people. Therefore, experts say, such people cannot be held to the rules of behavior other people are held to. Their punishments should be _____65_____.
51. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D.
Moreover
52. A. Hurt B. healthy C.safe D.
guilty
53. A. kicked off B. cleared up C. let out D.
put away
54. A. confessing B. starting C. planning D.
discovering
55. A. sentenced B. punished C. annoyed D.
defended
56. A. insanity B. truth C. responsibility D.
difference
57. A. judges B. psychologists C. experts D.
detectives
58. A. mature B. independent C. normal D.
capable
59. A. Opponents B. Onlookers C. Victims D.
Researchers
60. A. on the contrary B. by this means C. in the first place D. at the same time
61. A. example B. excuse C. defense D.
idea
62. A. study B. refuse C. transform D.
support
63. A. destroyed B. compared C. examined D.
gathered
64. A. realistic B. ordinary C. similar D.
treatable
65. A. severe B. negotiable C. acceptable D.
legal
【考点】社会现象
【试题解析】
51．通过前后理解，知道此处为转折语气，表明杀手Hinckley在众目睽睽之下展开对里根总统的刺杀行动。在对其审讯的末尾发现，他由于精神失常而……，在这里能看出，之前有转折的口吻，故为However。
52．根据上文的内容可知，他蓄意谋杀的行为，并非精神错乱所致，所以by reason of的意思与because of同义，整句话的意思是，他(企图伤害总统这个行为)是出于精神错乱，（不是故意伤害，）所以被判为……。根据常识，这种情况应该判定为无罪，not guilty就是无罪的意思。
53．分析选项的意思，可知kick off的同义词是start up，表示“开启、掀起（一场激烈讨论）”等意思，原句意思是在全国范围内就犯罪的人被判为精神紊乱引起轩然大波。
54．and后面为committing a crime，那么在犯罪前肯定要有预谋有计划，根据这一逻辑关系，planning符合词意。
55．原句意思是非常年幼的儿童犯罪不应该被……，因为他们尚幼无法明辨是非。根据意思应该选择具有“被审判、定罪”之义的词，故sentenced有此意，表示“被审判”。
56．根据文意，可知tell后面多见“to tell you the truth”，如果撇开上下文理解，个别考生会盲目选择truth这个选项，而该空前面的recognize right from wrong表示“明辨是非”，知道“是与非的区别”，并且该空的最开始是Since，“由于”的意思，所以原句与上文在意思上需要能衔接起来，故difference符合词意，并且tell the difference也有“分辨区别”的意思，故为答案。
57．在文章的中，意思是因为能把Hinckley判定为精神失常的专业人士应该是具有精神分析方面知识的人，只有psychologist意为“心理学家”符合词意。
58．根据上文意思，要与正常人比头脑不正常，才会判定为精神失常，故“正常”的意思只能由normal 来表达。
59．根据文意，该空原句的前一句的主语是people who are against......，意为对于精神错乱无罪辩护的反对者，而该原句的开头并没有表示转折意思的逻辑连接词，并且上下句的关系为顺接关系，所以该空所在原句的主语也应该是反对者，故选择opponents。
60．根据文章，可知原句为“Otherwise, the person would not commit the crime 60 .”意为“不然，这个人60 就不会犯罪。”根据逻辑意思分析，这里缺一个时间状语，故in the first place, “最一开始”还原到原句里意思衔接稳妥，整句话的意思就是“不然，这个人最一开始就不会犯罪。”
61．在文章中，该空原句的前一句的主语是people who are against......，意为对于精神错乱无罪辩护的反对者，而该原句的开头并没有表示转折意思的逻辑连接词，并且上下句的关系为顺接关系，所以该空所在原句的主语也应该是反对者，故选择opponents。
62．根据对上下文的理解，可知该空所在段落的上一段讲的是反对者的意见，那么根据行文
脉络可以推论出，该段应该讨论的是支持者的意见，故选择support。
63．解析：D。此题继续考查上下文理解和词义辨析。原句意思是这些心理学侦探收集好了证据表明，收集用gather来表达，故为答案。
64．分析文章的意思，可知Hinckley和其他人能相提并论，说明他们具有相似特点，故答案为similar。
65．分析文意并结合各个选项的意思，可知该空所在的上一句的主语是these experts，这些专家属于支持者那一方，那么他们就会认为，患有精神疾病的罪犯在量刑上应该酌情考虑，故negotiable可以表达此意。
【答案】51-55．BDACA 56-60．DBCAC 61-65．BDDCB
Section B(24')
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A).
Death is a serious theme worthy of great poets. For example, John Keats’s ‘When I Have Fears That I May Cease to Be’ and John Donne’s ‘Death, Be Not Proud’ both discuss death in reflective ways. However, the imagery(意象) in these poems shows that while Keats believes that death can only destroy, Donne believes that death can be overcome.
Keats is afraid of death, because to him death means the loss of those things that make his life worth living: ‘On the shore/ of the wide world I stand alone, and think/ Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink.’ Earlier in the poem, Keats says that he hopes this ‘Love’ will be a ‘high romance’ with a ‘fair creature.’ He also says that he hopes the ‘Fame’ he seeks will be the result of the ‘high piled books’ produced by his ‘crowded brain.’ In other words, Keats’s fear is that death is a ‘nothingness’ that will arrive before he can finish his life’s work or find his true love.
Donne has a different attitude toward death, and so the imagery in his poem is different, too. To Donne, death should ‘be not proud,’ because it is not ‘mighty and dreadful.’ Unlike Keats, Donne sees death as weak and merely a ‘slave to Fate, chance, kings, and desperate men.’ He also says that death is like ‘rest and sleep’. Donne believes that we will all wake from the sleep of death to
everlasting life, just as we wake from our normal sleep to our everyday lives. In fact, Donne believes that it is death itself that will die: ‘One short sleep past, we wake forever,/ And Death shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die.’
Keats and Donne both know that death is a prat of life, and both poets use powerful imagery to talk about that difficult theme. The differences in this imagery show two very different attitudes toward the subject, one of which is much more positive than the other. Which poet to believe is up to the reader to decide.
Not surprisingly, the readers’ own experiences may play a part in the way they respond to these poets’ approaches. Like the two poets and their beliefs, contemporary readers also may be divided on the subject. This may explain why Keats’s and Donne’s poetry remains fascinating years after their won deaths.
66．According to the passage, ________ makes Keats’s life worth living.
A. expressing his grand passion for poetry
B. walking on the shore with a pretty lady
C. defeating nothingness with his true love
D. pursuing the fame of being a romantic poet
67．In Donne’s poems he believes that death is ________ .
A. generally powerful and terrible
B. only a ceaseless sleep
C. merely the loss of work and love
D. hardly worth the fear
68．Contemporary readers may view the two poets’ serious subject differently because ________.
A. they are attracted to the two poets’ everlasting opposite beliefs
B. they are divided naturally by their positive or negative personalities
C. their own life experiences affect the understandings of the poems
D. their preferences for the poets’ strong imageries are various
69．Which of the following best describes the main writing style of the passage?
A. Analysis.
B. Argument.
C. Comparison.
D. Reasoning.
【考点】人物／故事
【试题解析】
66．根据第二段中的最后一句“death is a ‘nothingness’that will arrive before he can finish his life’s work or find his true love.”可推断Keat对“死亡”的观点与A选项的陈述一致，故选A。
考点定位：考查推理判断
67．分析第三段的内容，主要是写了Donne在他所写的诗歌中对“死亡”的观点，尤其从Donne believes that we will all wake from the sleep of death to everlasting life, just as we wake from our normal sleep to our everyday lives一句中可体现，Donne面对死亡是不畏惧的，故选D。
考点定位：考查推理判断
68．根据最后一段中the readers’own experiences may play a part in the way they respond to these poets’approaches，可知答案C正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
69．通读全文可知文章是对两个著名的诗人John Donne和Keat对“死亡”的不同的理解的对比，故答案C正确。
考点定位：考查写作风格
【答案】66-69．ADCC
（B）
Friends and fellow citizens：I stand before you tonight under accusation of the unproven crime of having voted at the last presidential election, without having a lawful right to vote. It shall be my work this evening to prove to you that in thus voting, I not only committed no crime, but, instead, simply exercised my citizen's rights, guaranteed to me and all United States citizens by the National Constitution(宪法), beyond the power of any state to deny.
Our democratic-republican government is based on the idea of the natural right of every individual member to a voice and a vote in making and executing the laws. We declare the duty of government to be to secure the people in the enjoyment of their unchallengeable right. We throw to the winds the belief that government can give right.
‘All men are created equal, and gifted by their Creator with certain undeniable rights. Among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. To secure these, governments are established among men, gaining their just powers from the agreement of the governed.’
Here is no shadow of government authority over rights, or exclusion of any class from their full and equal enjoyment. Here is pronounced the right of all men, and ‘therefore,’ as the Quaker minister said, ‘of all women,’ to a voice in the government. And here, in this first paragraph of the Declaration, is the declaration of the natural right of all to the vote; for how can ‘the agreement of the governed’ be given, if the right to vote be denied?
The introduction of the Federal(联邦的) Constitution says: ‘We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic peacefulness, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity(子嗣), do establish this Constitution for the United States of America.’
It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; not we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people - women as well as men. And it is absolute ridicule to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government - the vote.
70. The speaker was standing in front of the audience to ________.
A. accuse the government of having denied treating her unfairly
B. fight for the legal right to vote in the United States as a woman
C. share a recent victory on voting for the president of the States
D. guarantee that they could better understand the National Constitution
71. The expression ‘throw to the winds’ (Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to ‘________’.
A. abandon
B. emphasize
C. shake
D. spread
72. Which of the following statements is true according to the speech?
A. The Quaker minister holds conflicting opinions on women’s right to vote.
B. Government authority has the right to bar some of the governed out of liberty.
C. The policy is undeniably adopted that all the governed in America have the equal rights.
D. There’s no way to the real agreement of the governed if women’s vote right is robbed.
73. It can be inferred from the speech that ________.
A. it’s more important to have liberty than have good wishes of it
B. the Federal Constitution comes from the National Constitution
C. it’s ridiculous that women enjoy liberty while their rights are not secured
D. racial and gender issues are among the major social problems of the USA
74.Which of the following might be the best title of the speech?
A. For the Sake of Liberty and Happiness
B. V ote on the Women’s Rights
C. In the Name of Equal Right to vote
D. Power of American Constitution
【考点】社会综合
【试题解析】
70．分析文章，可由第一段的知道作者演讲的目的“I stand before you tonight under accusation of the unproven crime of having voted at the last presidential election, without having a lawful right to vote”，根据此句的意思，可知应选B。
考点定位：考查细节理解
71．根据对本段的理解，并且结合throw to the wind的前后句子的意思，故选项A正确。考点定位：考查词义猜测
72．根据本文的最后一句it is absolute ridicule to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government - the vote，可知D选项的意思与之相符，故选D。
考点定位：考查细节理解
73．由最后一段中的“It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; not we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union．And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them”，可推断，在作者做演讲的时候，种族和性别歧视是最主要的社会问题，故选D。
考点定位：考查推理判断
74．综合全文的意思，可知文章是一篇主题是女性应该有投票权的演讲稿，分析各个选项的意思，可知答案选C。
考点定位：考查标题判断
【答案】70-74．BADDC
(C)
LT123 Workshops
‘I’m pleased to say that 2015 is our third year sponsoring the IATEFL information desk. This year, we are running three workshops covering some of the key areas of our wide-ranging special skills: testing, editing and vocabulary. We how to see you.’
——Russell Whitehead Director
V ocabulary testing: why, what and how? By Felicity O’ Dell & Russell Whitehead
Saturday 11th April 3:50-4:35 pm Charter 4
Should vocabulary be one of the language features that we test and, if so, why? What vocabulary - and what aspects of vocabulary - should we focus on in our tests? What methods can we use to test vocabulary?
We will discuss answers to these questions, considering the strengths and weaknesses of different types of vocabulary test for different teaching contexts.
There’s something missing from your project - the editor! By David Baker & Fiona MacKenzie
Sunday 12 April 10:25-11:10 am Charter 8
Big publishing companies no longer offer the single route to publication. Whether you are self-publishing, a teaching institution developing its own materials, or a digital start-up, in a highly competitive environment it isn’t enough to write something and just put it out there.
Quality still matters - you can’t afford to forget one of the key roles in successful publishing.
V ocabulary levels: which words are at which level? By Stephen Bullon
Monday 13th April 1:35-2:20 pm Charter 8
While students develop their competence in the four skills and in their ability to master grammatical structures, they are together building their vocabulary.
We will try to establish the standards involved in selecting appropriate vocabulary at the various levels students pass through: frequency, teaching requirements, and register are all factors that need to be weighed in the balance.
LT123 is the new name for Language Testing 123, and we are proud sponsors of the 49th Annual International IATEFL Conference and Exhibition.
Manchester, April 2015.
75. To help improve vocabulary teaching and testing, the workshops will focus on ________.
A. how to employ more scientific methods in vocabulary testing
B. how to test vocabulary as the most important language feature
C. what advanced standards to set for the students of different levels
D. what to be concentrated on rather than four basic language skills
76. From this handout we can know that ________.
A. the audience are editors in the field of language teaching
B. the director of LT123 will be talking in one of the workshops
C. some publishing companies will sponsor similar workshops soon
D. each workshop lasts 45 minutes in the same meeting room
77. What is the purpose of this handout?
A. To sell newly published books on language testing.
B. To get the audience informed of the events
C. To show the breakthrough in vocabulary teaching.
D. To attract the attention of the host of 2015 IATEFL.
【考点】广告布告
【试题解析】
75．根据第一个表格中的What vocabulary - and what aspects of vocabulary - should we focus on in our tests? What methods can we use to test vocabulary?的内容，可知本题的答案赢选A。
考点定位：考查细节理解
76．由文章首段的落款“——Russell Whitehead Director”可知Russell Whitehead是这个机构的Director（董事）。在根据第一表格中的第一行“By Felicity O’Dell & Russell Whitehead”，可知这个董事也会兼任这个工作室的课程，故选B正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
77．通读全文可知本文是一份宣传单，内容是关于一个英语教学的机构，分析文章里面的内容，可知答案应选B正确。
考点定位：考查写作目的
【答案】75-77．ABB
Section C(8')
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Financial setbacks in the form of pay cuts are having a trickle-down effect(涓滴效应) as the depression persists. Families across America are cutting or even axing kids’ allowances(零花钱)
to reflect what’s going on with household finances and the economy as a whole.
Some jobless parents are doing it out of necessity. Other parents are using allowance adjustments to teach children about economic realities and how to budget in learner times.
‘Try to use relevant news to explain the reasons behind the depression and how it’s hitting home. If they see it obvious in their own allowance, they’ll feel the impact and see how it all ties in,’ says financial consultant Antwone Harris.
Any reduction in allowance should be understood in age-appropriate communication, says Dr. Tony Meyer, a child psychiatrist(精神科医生) and medical director of Aurora Psychiatric Hospital. Six- to 12-year-olds are mature enough for a frank talk, but don’t set them back with a lot of details. It’s sufficient to say their allowance is lower because Mom or Dad is getting paid less at work, so there’s less money for the family to spend. With 12- to 18-year-olds, you can broaden the discussion to include the banking crisis and other factors that contributed to the depression, Meyer says. Younger kids have the idea that they’re at the center of things, and adolescents by mature are especially self-concerned. ‘They’ll think they’re responsible,’ Meyer says.
A cut in allowance might seem punishing, so the message that the child is not at fault needs to