2014高考二轮专题练习：阅读理解(2)含解析
2014高考二轮专题练习：阅读理解(2)含解析
A
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language，mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa，Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas，there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact，it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language.Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers，English is a language in which some of important works in science，technology，and other fields are being produced，and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications，international conferences，and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries，especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government，commerce，industry，law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
1．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Difficulties of Learning English
B．International Communications
C．The Standard Varieties of English
D．English as a World Language
答案 D
解析标题归纳题。根据第三段第一句及全文的内容：英语在各个国家的各个领域的应用，可推知此题的答案为D项。
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. B．There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C．It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D．People learn English for a variety of reasons.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第二句及第二段的第一句的描述可推知此题的答案为A项。
3．According to the passage，what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?
A．It was popular during Shakespeare’s time.
B．It is used in former British colonies.
C．It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D．It is a world language that is used for international communication.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述，英语在世界不同领域、不同的地区使用，可推知此题的答案为D项。
4．What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?
A．The ability to read a newspaper.
B．It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
C．Being a multilingual.
D．Being a native speaker.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可推知此题答案为B项。
5．What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?
A．Those geographically close to the United States.
B．Those interested in the culture of the United States.
C．Former colonies of Great Britain.
D．Countries where international conferences are held.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句可推知此题答案为C项。
B
A cancer-stricken British teenage said Thursday she had been moved by messages of support from around the world after writing an online “Bucket List” of things she wanted to do before dying.
Alice Pyne,15，created an internet blog in which she described her fight against a cancer of the white blood cells.“I’ve been fighting cancer for almost four years and now I know that the cancer is gaining on me and it doesn’t look like I’m going to win this one.” she wrote.
For her list，at the site https://www.360docs.net/doc/ad16592145.html,，she has included making everyone sign up to be a bone marrow donor(骨髓捐赠者)，swimming with sharks，meeting boy band Take That and getting a purple iPad computer.
Messages of support and offers of help quickly flooded her webpage and it became one of the most talked about subjects on Twitter.
“Oh，dear and I thought that I was just doing a little blog for a few friends！” she wrote after her site attracted huge attention.“Thank you so much for all your lovely messages to me.”
Pyne，who lives with her family in the northwest English town of Ulverston，revealed(透露) the management of Take That had arranged for her to see the band after reading her blog.A group of local lawmakers have also joined forces with the Anthony blood cancer charity to encourage people to join its stem cell register.
6．What happened after Alice Pyne wrote her“Bucket List”？
A．People around the world sent messages to support her.
B．People sent gifts to her from all over the world.
C．A lot of people offered to donate bone marrow to her.
D．The media called on people to help her.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。由倒数第三段可以看出帖子发布后，收到了世界各地的支持她的信息。7．Alice Pyne wrote her “Bucket List” to ________.
A．catch people’s attention
B．say goodbye to a few friends
C．give comfort to two terminally ill men
D．express her last few wishes
答案 D
解析细节理解题。由第一段的“writing an online‘Bucket List’ of things she wanted to do before dying”可以看出，“Bucket List”表达的就是她最后的愿望。
8．It can be inferred from the second paragraph that Alice Pyne ________.
A．is unaware of her own conditions
B．is very sad to know that she will die
C．is calm to know that death is approaching
D．is still quite confident in fighting against cancer
答案 C
解析推理判断题。由第二段的“I know that the cancer is gaining on me and it doesn’t look like I’m going to win this one”可知她对自己的病情和结果进行了平静的叙述，由此可知C项符合语境。
9．Which of the following is NOT on Alice Pyne’s “Bucket List”？
A．To ask people to donate bone marrow.
B．To get a cool computer.
C．To swim with shark.
D．To meet a boy.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。第三段介绍了“BuckeList”所有的内容，前三项都在里面，但是里面的“boy band Take That”是一个乐队，而不是想见某一个男孩。
10．Take That will arrange to ________.
A．meet Pyne in person
B．help Pyne in any possible way
C．donate money to Pyne
D．invite Pyne to join the band
答案 A
解析细节理解题。由最后一段的“...revealed the management of Take That had arranged for her...”可以看出，她想见的那家乐队已经安排亲自见她了。故选A项。
C
“If there is one thing I’m sure about，it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.It is not that newspapers are a necessity.Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday.But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.
The nature of what is news may change.What basically makes news is what affects our lives—the big political stories，the coverage of the wars，earthquakes and other disasters，will continue much the same.I think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives，like genetic(基因) engineering.In the future，I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do—as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.
It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home.In fact，I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.You will probably be able to choose from a menu，making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read—sports and international news，etc.
I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体)．They actually feed_off each other.Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers，but that hasn’t happened.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.And as for the Internet，it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.
1．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Best Way to Get News
B．The Changes of Media
C．Make Your Own Newspaper
D．The Future of Newspaper
答案 D
解析标题归纳题。文章开头说一百年后人们仍要读报，到后面文章讲到报纸跟人们生活的关系，报纸的形式和内容，可归纳出此题的答案为D项。
2．In the writer’s opinion，in the future，________.
A．more big political affairs，wars and disasters will make news
B．newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer
C．newspapers will cover more scientific research
D．more and more people will watch TV
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.”可推知此题答案为C项。
3．What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?
A．Sports and international news.
B．A menu of important news.
C．The most important news.
D．What you are interested in.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。从文章第三段最后一句可推知此题答案为D项。
4．From the passage，we can infer ________.
A．newspapers will win the competition among the different media
B．newspapers will stay with us together with other media
C．television will take the place of newspaper
D．the writer believe some media will die out
答案 B
解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段推知此题答案为B项。
5．The phrase “feed off” in the last paragraph means ________.
A．depend on B．compete with
C．fight with D．kill off
答案 A
解析词义猜测题。作者上一句说人们错误地认为各种不同的媒体相互竞争，而下一句作者又说They actually feed off each other(注意句中actually一词)，再结合所给的四个选项，可知选A项最合适。
D
Lucky is the man who has no “skeleton in his closet”．When a man has done something in his life that he is ashamed of，that he wants to hide，he is said to have a “skeleton in his closet”．Some people may have more than one skeleton.
As we have noted many times，it is hard to find out how these expressions begin.Sometimes，we get some hard facts.But more often we have to depend on guesswork.And that is true of this phrase，which came from England.
Before 1932，English law did not permit a doctor to cut open a dead human body for scientific examination，unless it was the corpse(尸体) of an executed(处决) criminal.
But when it became legal，more and more doctors demanded skeletons for a more scientific study of medicine.It was helping in the advance of modern medicine.The demand had become so strong that men began to rob tombs and sell skeletons to doctors at high prices.
We are told that a doctor would usually buy just one skeleton for scientific study.It became
very important in his work.But he had to keep it hidden because most people objected to keeping such a thing.As a rule，the doctor would keep his skeleton in some dark corner where it could not be seen，or hide it in a closet.
After a time，people began to suspect(怀疑) every doctor of hiding a skeleton in the closet.From this suspicion，the phrase “a skeleton in the closet” took on a broader，more general meaning to describe anything that a man wanted to keep others from discovering.It could be proof of a criminal act，or something much less serious.Well，that is one theory.
One writer，however，believes that the phrase might have come from something that really happened.It is his guess that a hidden closet in some old English country home may have turned up a real skeleton，clear proof of some old family shame or crime.Well，one man’s guess is as good as another.But this sounds like a story by the great French novelist，Balzac.
Baizac tells us of a man who suspected his wife of having a lover.The husband comes home by surprise.But she hears him and quickly hides her lover in the closet of her bedroom.He enters her room and asks her if she is hiding her lover.He says he will not open the door to the closet if she promises him there is no one there；he will believe her.She answers firmly that she is not hiding anyone in the closet.
The husband then begins to build a solid brick wall against the closet.His wife watches，knowing that her lover will never come out alive.But she will not change her story and admit her guilt.
6．Which of the following situations is suitable for using the phrase “skeleton in the closet”？A．You have stolen something precious and don’t want it discovered.
B．You are a doctor and have to keep a skeleton for research.
C．If you have cut open a dead human body for scientific examination you should keep the skeleton secret.
D．You have done a crime or done something foolish，but you want to keep others from discovering it.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知它的意思是一个人想隐藏自己感到羞愧的事，由此可推知犯了罪或做了傻事而又不想让别人知道的符合“skeleton in the closet”，故选D项。
7．From the text we know that there are ________ theories about how the phrase “skeleton in the closet” came into being.
A．one B．two C．three D．four
答案 B
解析细节理解题。阅读全文得知本文用了两个故事来解释这个短语，一是英国医生用死尸来进行医学研究；二是法国作家Balzac讲述的丈夫将妻子的情人封死在墙里，由此可知B项为正确答案。
8．In Chinese the word “skeleton” means “________”．
A．尸体B．标本C．收藏D．骷髅
答案 D
解析词义猜测题。从该词的源处得知它与死尸有关，再从倒数第三段“It is his guess that a hidden closet in some old English country home may have turned up a real skeleton...”可推测其义为D项。
9．Which of the following is right according to the text?
A．In the 20th century，doctors realized the importance of anatomy(解剖) in the development of medicine.
B．The doctors of the ancient times liked to collect as many skeleton as possible.
C．The thieves stole skeletons from tombs in order to help the doctors.
D．It was legal that corpses of anybody were cut open for scientific examination in history.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。根据全文可知B、C、D三项是错误的，再从“It became very important in his work.”可知A项为正确答案。
10．From the story Balzac told we know that the wife’s lover must have become ________. A．a corpse B．a phrase
C．a skeleton D．a secret
答案 C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段得知她的情人将死在墙里，自然成为骷髅了。故选C 项。
高考语文总复习—文学类文本阅读理解专题训练七
高考语文总复习—文学类文本阅读理解专题训练七 (用时：40分钟分值：40分) 一、阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。(20分) 冬祭 刘建超 ①我和杨晓敏是朋友，杨晓敏写小小说。体格魁梧、剑眉锐眼的杨晓敏在西北雪域高原 戍边十五年。他的小说散文几乎都与喜马拉雅有着不解的情缘。 ②杨晓敏讲过这样一个经历：在西藏有个最偏远的地方叫“雪域孤岛”，驻扎着海拔最高的哨卡，哨卡周围被皑皑林立的雪峰困住，毫无生气。连续几天落雪，一只在哨卡周围时隐 时现的红狐狸，终于耐不住饥寒，钻出来觅食。哨兵一声呐喊，大伙出动逮住了这只红狐狸。它的眼睛是幽怨的，蠕动的姿态是娇嗔的，红艳艳的毛皮光亮柔软，仿佛一团火焰正在燃 烧…… ③杨晓敏说，你知道吗，传说雪域高原的狐狸油可以治疗冻疮，用狐狸皮做的围脖可以 抵住风雪的严寒。几个新兵脸上早冻得裂开了花，嘴唇的血渍使他们不敢大声说话。杀掉狐 狸，做条围巾什么的，让站岗的哨兵轮流戴它，或许对漫长而凛冽的冬季是一种有效的抗御。 ④哨长摸出一把刀，狐狸本能地痉挛起来，恐惧中闭上那美丽绝伦的双眼，悠长地哀鸣 一声。士兵们几乎同一时刻，全扑上来，七八双粗糙的大手伸出来：别……脸上裂开花的新兵呜咽着说，还是放走它吧，有它来这儿和我们做伴，哨卡不是少些寂寞、单调、枯燥，多 些色彩吗？我情愿每晚多站一班岗，也不要狐狸围脖……狐狸蜷曲雪地，试探着抖抖身子， 腾跃着向雪野掠去…… ⑤杨晓敏说到这里时，刚硬的汉子眼里布满了柔情，吐出一口烟，仿佛那团跳动的火焰 还在眼前闪动。 ⑥我被这个故事感染了，羡慕地说，我有机会一定也要去雪域高原看看，去找找红狐狸。 ⑦杨晓敏说，红狐狸是雪域高原的精灵，哪能你想见就见得着。 ⑧这个故事缠绕了我十几年。去年，我和几个朋友自驾游，首选的路线就是西北雪域高 原，我还给朋友们讲了红狐狸的故事，挑逗得几个哥们儿心里痒痒的，开着两辆越野车，向 着喜马拉雅出发。出发前，我给晓敏发了短信：我去拜访你的．．．．雪域高原了。 ⑨自驾游的乐趣就是随心所欲，几个哥们儿如挣脱了缰绳的野马，自由狂野地消失在冰 天雪地之中。晶莹剔透湛蓝如镜的羊湖，冰挂如柱天地相接的珠峰口，穿越荒凉美丽的无人 区，把哥几个大老爷们激动得泪流满面。昆仑山口遇见的奔腾野驴，公路边旷地上悠然自乐 的野兔，峭壁上优雅挺立的藏羚羊统统收入相机中。还就是没有见到红狐狸。 ⑩夜晚我们来到了世界上海拔最高的寺庙绒布寺，问寺中僧人，附近可否能见到红狐狸？僧人指着雪山说，以前有，经常可以看到，白雪间，一团火在跳动。现在已经见不到了。我
高考小说阅读训练(附答案)
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13．本文的说明内容是。 14．第(4)段说花香“有益于人类”是从哪两个方面说的？(每方面六个字以内) 答：① ② 15．第(4)段画线的句子在文中起的作用是。 16．植物的花香“绝大部分还有益于人类”中的“绝大部分”为什么不能删掉？ 答： 17．第(5)段中列举了两个例子，目的是为了说明
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最新高考小说阅读 知识点及答题技巧 专题训练
2020小说知识点及答题技巧及专题训练 2020小说知识点及答题技巧 一、小说阅读备考要求：强化两个意识 1、强化文本意识：读懂文本（泛读）、结合文本答题（精读） 2、强化规范意识：审题规范（认真审题，熟悉考点和题型）；答题规范（方向明确，思路清晰，格式正确，语言简练、准确）；书写规范；问答连读。 二、小说阅读考查要点——围绕着四个关键词（环境、情节、人物、主题）命题 1、环境 “一景三考”，分析环境描写（自然环境描写和社会环境描写）的特点、写法和作用。有时探究环境描写的作用与深刻寓意。 2．情节 分析小说故事情节的阶段（序幕、开端、发展、高潮、结局、尾声），概括故事情节；分析情节安排的特点及作用；探究情节安排的作用。 3．人物 分析小说人物形象的性格特点，探究人物性格的典型意义，对人物形象的评价。分析小说刻画人物的主要手法（外貌、语言、动作、心理等描写方法），能分析直接（正面）描写，间接（侧面）描写和细节描写的作用。 4．主题 理解作品的主题思想。评价小说主题，探究小说主题的现实意义，探究情感取向。 5.构思：分析小说构思的特色 6．理解标题含义及作用。
【考查角度】：梳理概括小说情节 【解题规律】： ①划分情节（找线索、找事件） ②概括归纳（围绕中心事件或线索，运用叠加法与合并法；主人公为主语） ③语言表形式为：什么人做了什么事。 【考查角度】：分析小说情节的特点 【解题规律】： 1、掌握微型小说情节结构的特点；（①设置悬念；②情节曲折；③意料之外情理之中（分析伏笔与照应）；④错位法；⑤巧设误会） 2、答题时，要扣情节特点，运用术语，结合文本中特点的具体体现，举例分析。【考查角度】：探究某一情节的作用 【解题规律】： ①答这个情节跟前后情节有何关联。（指向情节本身） ②答这个情节安排是否符合人物性格特征和发展变化轨迹。（指向人物） ③答这个情节安排是否有利于表现主题。（指向主题） ④答这个情节安排是否暗示了社会环境。（指向环境）（有时需要） ⑤答这个情节安排是否合乎生活逻辑和艺术规律。（有时需要） 【考查角度】：探究某一情节是否合理 【解题规律】： ①表明观点(跟作者的观点保持一致) ②从情节安排本身、人物身份性格及文章的主旨出发，找到证明自己观点的依据。
【英语】高考英语阅读理解专项练习及解析
【英语】高考英语阅读理解专项练习及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Money is the root of all evil (邪恶) and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people. The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》). They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving mow modest cars. In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher — class families were more likely to act dishonestly. According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings. Finally, it just makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self- intere st,” said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study. Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts（本能）and values in different ways. （1）By saying “money is the root of all evil”, the author wants to . A. link wealth with bad behavior B. draw readers' attention to the research C. show how the saying proves the findings D. defend rich people who do immoral things （2）According to the scientists, which is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral? A. They welcome risks. B. They have more desires. C. They believe money talks. D. They become more selfish. （3）Why did the scientists do the experiments? A. To show how social status affects people's morality. B. To show people's instincts and values in different ways. C. To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true. D. To show the difference between higher - class people and lower - class people. （4）What does the passage really want to show us? A. The poor are respectable. B. Money is the root of all evil. C. All rich people are untrustworthy. D. The rich are more likely to act badly. 【答案】（1）B （2）A