高中英语常用短语和句型归纳总结(完整版)

高考高频动词短语考查

（1）act短语：

act ______ 担任……职务，起……作用act______ 表演（对话、故事等）

（2）break短语：

break ______ 摆脱，脱离break ______ 出故障，坏掉

break ______ 闯入……，破门而入break (sth) ______中断某事物，突然停止

break ______ （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发break______ 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开

（3）bring短语：

bring ______ 引起，导致bring ______ 引进（技术），赚钱

bring ______ 拿出，出版阐明bring ______ effect 实施……

bring ______ 抚养，培养，哺育

（4）call短语：

call ______ (sp) 访问（某地）call ______ (sb) 拜访（某人）

call ______去接某人，接走某人call ______取消

call ______ 号召call ______ 给……打电话，使人想起，号召

（5）come短语：

come ______ 发生，产生come ______ 偶然相遇

come ______ 进来，进入come ______ being 形成，产生

come ______ use 使用起来come ______ 脱落，从……离开

come ______ 过来，跟我来，加油come ______出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开

come ______ to…顺便来访come ______ an end 结束，终止

come ______ life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来come ______ power 当权，上台

come ______ with …提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上

（6）cut短语：

cut ______ 砍倒，砍下，削减cut ______ line 插队cut ______ 切碎

cut …______ pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半cut ______ 切断（线路），中断（供应）（7）do短语：

do well / better ______…在……方面干得好/更好do ______ 处理，处臵，对付

（8）get短语：

get ______ = get ______ 四处走动，活动get ______ from 逃脱，逃离

get ______ to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）get ______ with…进展，与……相处

get ______ 离开，出去get ______克服，恢复，原谅

get ______ 理解，度过get ______ 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）get ______ 到达，抵达get rid ______ 除掉，去掉

get / be used ______ sth 习惯于……get / be tired ______ 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（9）give短语：

give ______ 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发give ______ 投降，让步，屈服

give ______ 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等) give ______ 用完，耗尽，分发，发放

give ______ 放弃，辞去

（10）go短语：

go______ 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go ______ 走开，离去

go ______ 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去go ______ for 参加，喜欢

go ______（闹钟）闹响go ______进行，继续

go on ______ sth 继续做某事（同一事）go on ______ sth 继续做某事（另一事）

go on ______ sth 继续某事go ______ 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅

go ______ 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查

（11）hold短语：

hold ______ 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住hold ______ 等一等，不要挂电话

hold ______ 伸出，坚持下去，维持hold ______ 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞

（12）keep短语：

keep ______ from 避开，别靠近keep ______ 勿踏，勿踩

keep ______ 继续进行keep ______ with跟上，赶上

keep…______ mind把……记住keep …______ doing 阻止……做，不让……做

（13）knock短语：

knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）knock down 把……撞倒，击倒

knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人knock over 撞翻，撞倒例如：

We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.

He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.

Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White.

He almost knocked into me before he realized it.

If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.

（14）look短语：

look after 照顾，照料，照看look ahead 向前看，展望未来

look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去

look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事

look for 寻找，找look into…往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究

look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防

look out for 警惕，留心，找出来look over…翻阅，（仔细）检查

look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习

look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻

look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）

例如：

The boy is old enough to look after himself.

He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.

We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Join us. Don’t just look on.

They all looked on him as a member of their family.

Look out! There is danger ahead.

I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.

He looked through his notes before writing the report.

Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.

I must look up the time of your train.

A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.

I’ve always loo ked up to Bill for his courage and determination.

（16）make短语：

make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）

be made in 在……生产/制造

be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）

be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）

be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成

make out 理解，看清楚

make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成

make up for 弥补，补充，补偿made up one’s mind 下决心

make a (great) contribution to…为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款

make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响

make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人

make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象

make friends with sb 与某人交朋友make fun of…取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑

make it（事业上）获得成功

make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄

make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步

make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通

make (full) use of …= make the most / best of … (充分)利用

例如：

Bamboo is also made into paper.

Our desks and chairs are made of wood.

The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.

This engine is made up of 490 parts.

The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.

These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.

She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.

There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up.

Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.

Everyone should make full use of time.

But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.

I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.

They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.

（17）pass短语：

pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）pass by 通过，从旁边经过

pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去

pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)

例如：

Dr Johnson passed away last night.

They all waved to us as they passed by.

The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.

She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.

I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.

（18）pay短语：

pay attention to … 对……注意，留心……

pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）

pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复

pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for …付高价）

pay off 还清（欠款）

例如：

He promised to pay the money back by Friday.

The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.

After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.

（19）pick短语：

pick out 挑选，认出pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）例如：

His story was picked out as the best by the judges.

The phone rang and I picked it up.

I’ll pick you up at the station.

I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.

After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.

I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.

I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.

（20）put短语：

put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来

put down镇压，记下

put forward 提出，建议，推荐put off 延期，拖延

put on 穿戴put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产

put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立

put up with 忍受，容忍

put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……

例如：

We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.

All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.

Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.

We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.

The firemen soon put the fire out.

The doctor told me to put out my tongue.

It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.

Drop your weapons and put your hands up.

Another supermarket has been put up near our house.

I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.

The government is putting more money into education this year.

As students, we should put our heart into studies.

（21）send短语：

send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来

send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）

send up 发射，射出，往上送

例如：

Get back into bed. I’ll send for the doctor.

The ship is in danger; it is sending out an SOS signal.

The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.

（22）set短语：

set about (doing) sth 着手，开始set aside 留出，搁/放在一边

set down 放下，记下set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起set out to do 开始做，着手做set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起

例如：

As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.

Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.

They’ve set off on a trip round the world.

Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.

He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.

We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.

A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.

Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.

The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.

He was set free after three years in prison.

Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.

（23）stand短语：

stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人

stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人

stand out 突出，显眼stand up 起立，站起来

例如：

CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.

Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.

（24）take短语：

take away 拿走，拿去，使离开

take down 拿下，记下，记录

take in 吸收，接纳，上当

take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销take on 呈现

take over 继承，接管，接替

take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）

take a risk / risks 冒险

take advantage of 对……加以利用

take … for example 以……为例

take pride in …= be proud of…对……感到自豪

例如：

I’m sorry. I’ll take back what I said.

Take care! The car is coming.

My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.

We can’t have such a big table in this small room. It takes up too much room.

（25）think短语：

think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）

think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法

think over 仔细考虑

think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑

think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价

例如：

I’m sorry. I can’t think out your name.

When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua.

Think it over, and you’ll find a way.

（26）turn短语：

turn around / round 转身，转过来

turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达

turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝

turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想

turn into 变成

turn out 结果是，生产

例如：

Those who were once for him have turned against him.

Turn in everything captured（缴获的）.

I’m going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.

Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.

Shall I turn on the bath water for you?

He turned the meat over in the pan（平底锅）.

They always turn to me when they are in trouble.

His attention turned to the pretty young girl.

Turn the radio down a little. I can scarcely hear the program.

He turned the coat collar（衣领）up because of the wind. Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty.

2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）

（l）动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论

think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣

bring about 引起，使发生

set about 着手，开始

come about 发生

hear about 听说

worry about 为……担心

（2）动词+at

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在

run at 冲向，向……攻击

call at 拜访(地点)

tear at 用力撕

look at 看，注视

work at 干……活动（研究）

come at 向……袭击

shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

stare at 凝视

glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥

laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲（门、窗等）

point at 指向

smile at 冲（某人）笑

strike at 向……打击

shoot at 向……射击

wonder at 惊讶

（3）动词+away

die away 逐渐消失

put away 收拾起来，存起来

pass away 去世

wash away 冲走

take away 拿走

give away 背弃，泄漏

send away 让走开

turn away 把……打发走

wear away 磨掉，消耗

throw away 扔掉

blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷

clear away 清除掉，消散

break away 摆脱

（4）动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住

hold back 控制住

give back 归还

call back 回电话

take back 拿回，收回

look back(on) 回顾

（5）动词+down

cut down 削减，砍倒

put down 记下，写下，镇压

take down 记下，记录

turn down 调小，拒绝

slow down 慢下来

pass down 传下来

calm down 平静下来

burn down 烧毁

tear down 拆毁，拆除

come down 下落，传下

break down 坏了，垮了，分解

bring down 使……降低，使倒下

settle down 安家

（6）动词+from

die from 因……而死

hear from 收到……来信

learn from 向……学习

differ from 与……不同

suffer from 受……苦

result from 由于

separate…from 把……分离开

keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做

date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到（7）动词+for

run for 竞选

ask for 要求得到

beg for 乞求

wait for 等候

look for 寻找

call for 需要，要求

hunt for 寻找

long for 渴望

care for 关心，喜欢

seek for 寻找

come for 来拿，来取

apply for 申请

stand for 代表，表示

search for 查找

change…for 用……换charge…for 收费，要价take…for 误以为……是

hope/wish for 希望得到

（8）动词十in

get in 收获，进入

fill in 填写

cut in 插入

join in 参加

look in 来访，参观

hand in 上交

drop in 拜访

give in 让步

take in 接纳，吸收

call in 召集，来访

bring in 引进，使得到收入break in 强制进入，插话

result in 导致

succeed in 在……获成功

persist in 坚持

（9）动词十into

run into 碰到

look into 研究，调查，往里面看burst into 闯入，进发

turn into 变成

change…into 把……变成divide…into 把……分成

put／translate…into 把……译成（l0）动词+of

die of 死于

talk of 谈到

hear of 听说

think of 想到

dream of 梦到

speak of 谈到

consist of 由……组成

approve of 赞成

complain of 抱怨

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+out

go out 熄灭

set out 出发，着手

try out 试用，试验

put out 扑灭

run out 用完

let out 泄漏，发出(声音) pick out 选出

hold out 坚持下去

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳make out 理解，看清楚keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住find out 查出，弄明白

work out 算出，想出办法等send out 发出，派遣

give out 散发，分发，用完look out 当心，提防

hand out 散发，分发

help out 救助

turn out 结果是，生产come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉

burst out 进发

carry out 执行

break out 爆发

point out 指出

figure out 算出

bring out 阐明，使表现出leave out 省略，删掉speak out 大胆讲出

（l2）动词+over

go over 审阅，检查，研究get over 克服

run over 压死，看一遍

take over 接管，接替

turn over 翻倒，细想

fall over 跌倒，摔倒

roll over 翻滚

look over 翻阅，检查

think over 仔细考虑

watch over 看守，照看

（l3）动词十to

add to 增添

get to 到达

see to 处理，料理

turn to 向……求助，查阅come to 共计，苏醒

lead to 导致，通向

reply to 答复

refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅bring to 使苏醒

agree to 同意

object to 反对

point to 指向

write to 写信给

relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关

attend to 处理

belong to 属于

supply…to 为……提供

devote…to 贡献给

stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于

compare…to 与……相比，把……比作

（l4）三词以上的短语动词

do well in 在……干得好

make up for 弥补

look down on / upon 轻视

break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开，别靠近

do away with 废除

put up with 忍受

catch up with = keep up with 赶上

fill up with 用……装满

go on with 继续

get on / along with 和……相处

look forward to 盼望

look up to 仰望，尊敬

add up to 总计

live up to 依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）

get close to 接近

get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧

pay attention to 注意

pay a visit to 访问

take / get / catch hold of 握住

run out of 用完

get out of 逃避，避免

take notice of 注意

take a photo of 拍……照片

take the place of 取代

set an example to 为……树立榜样

3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序）

（1）Aa

a balance diet 均衡饮食 a best-seller 畅销书

a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微

a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词）

[ 比较：a few 一些，少量（修饰可数名词）

a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词）

a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a lot of = lots of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a (large / great) number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）

plenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a bunch of flowers 一束花 a cloud of 一团

a couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个

a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周 a cup of 一杯

a day or two = one or two days 一两天 a deserted island 荒岛

a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s) 健康的饮食

a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家

a kind of 一种，一类 a laid-off worker 下岗工人

a large sum of money 一大笔钱 a length of …长……

a list of 一张……的清单 a live concert 现场直播的音乐会

a natural disaster 自然灾害 a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包

a pair of 一双，一副 a piece of 一件，一块，一张

a row of 一排，一行 a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套

a set of 一套，一副 a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏

a third of = one third of 三分之一 a total failure 一个彻底的失败者

a total of 总数（量）为 a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行

a variety of = varieties of = various 种种的，种类繁多的

a waste of (time) 白费(时间)，浪费(时间) a man of name 知名人士

a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界

after all 毕竟，终究after a short while 不久以后，没多久

after a time 一段时间以后after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后

all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然

all day = all day long 全天，终日all in all 总共，总的来说

all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的all night long 整夜，通宵

all one’s life终身，一生all over 到处，遍及，结束

all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国

all right 好吧，行了，（病）好了all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意

all the same 一样，同样的all the time 一直

all the way 一路上，一直all together 一起，总共

all (the) year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到头

an invitation to…一张……的请柬/请贴an expert on ………方面的专家

as a consequence / result 结果，因此

as a consequence / result of 作为（……的）结果，由于……的结果

as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体as … as 像，如同

as … as possible = as…as one can尽可能……地

as far as （表示程度，范围）就/尽……（=so far as），远至

as far as I know 就我所知，据我所知as follows如下（用以列举事项）

as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：even if = even though 虽然，即使，尽管）

as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达

as much / many as 多达as soon as 一……就……

as soon as possible 尽快，尽可能早地as to / for 至于，关于，就……而言

as usual 像往常一样as well 也/还有(= too)，同样地，例外

as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，还，而且

as with ... 也一样，就像……

at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）

at a loss 茫然，不知所措at an early age 年轻时

at any moment / time 随时

[ 比较：after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿

a moment ago = just now 刚才，不久以前

a moment later 片刻之后

at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时

at the very moment 就在那一刹那

for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿

for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前

in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上

the moment / minute (that) ... 一……就……]

at any risk 不顾一切

[比较：at risk 处于危险中

at the risk of (doing sth) 冒着（可能做某事）的危险

take / run a risk / risks 冒险

risk one’s life (to do sth) 冒着生命危险（做某事）

risk doing sth 冒险做某事）]

at birth 出生时，一生下来就at breakfast 在吃早饭

at hand 近在手边，在附近at home 在家

(at) home and abroad 在国内外at last 终于，最后

at length 最后，终于，详细地at midnight 在半夜

at night 在夜里，天黑时at noon 在中午

at once = right away = right now 马上，立即

at one go 一口气at present = at the present time 现在, 目前

at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然

（比较：by sea 乘船

by the sea 在海边

in the sea 在海里

on the sea 在海面上）

at stake 在危险中at such a great height 在如此高的高度

at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前）

at times 偶尔，有时

（比较：at that time 那时

at the same time = meanwhile 同时

at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）

at various academic levels 不同的学术层次

at war 处于战争/交战状态at work 忙于工作

at the age of ... 在……岁的时候at the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间at the base 在底部

at the (very) beginning of ... 在……开始时，在……之初

at the bottom of 在……下端/底部at the cost of 以……为代价

at the end of 在……末端，到……结束时

at the foot of 在……的脚下at the front desk 在前台，在服务台

at the head of 在……最前面at a high /low price 以高/低价

at the latest 最迟

at (the) least 至少[比较：at (the) most 最多]

at the mercy of 任由……摆布/控制，在……的掌握中

at the opening /closing (ceremony) of ... 在……开/闭幕式上

at the rate of 以……的比率at the side of 在……的旁边

at the speed of 以……速度（比较：at full / high speed 高速）

at the top of one’s voice 大声地at the weekend 在周末

accept … as…认为……是……，承认……是……，把……当作……

[比较：regard … as…认为……是

treat … as…把……当作

recognize … as…认为……是……

view / see / know … as…认为……是……

consider … as …/ consider … (to be…)认为……是……

look on … as…视……为

refer to … as…把……视为

think of… as… / think … (to be…)认为……是……]

accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉

accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为……/ 做某事

achieve o ne’s goal达到目的achieve success 获得成功

act as 担任，充当adapt to （改变以）适应

adapt oneself to 使自己适应于adapt to the new environment 适应新环境

add to 增加，添加add …to…把……加到……上

add up 加起来add up to 总计达到

adjust to （调整以）适应adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件admire sb as…钦佩某人是……

admire sb for…钦佩某人的……，因……钦佩某人

advance the deadline 提前最后期限advance towards…朝……前进

advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致

[ 比较：agree on sth 对……达成共识

agree to (the plan) 同意（计划等）]

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在，针对allow for 顾及，为……做准备

answer for… 对……负责

apologize to sb (for sth) = make an apology to sb (for sth) （因某事）向某人道歉

appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好

apply for 申请，请求apply to 应用，适用

appoint sb as…任命某人当……approve of 赞成

argue about 争论某事argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论arrive in / at 到达某地ask after sb 问候某人

ask for 要求得到ask for a day off 请一天假

ask for a leave 请假associate…with…把……与……联系起来attach to 加在……之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着

attempt to do sth 试图做某事attend school / university 上学/上大学

attend the meeting 出席会议attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听

attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意

above all 首要的是，尤其是according to 根据

action film / movie 动作片advanced mathematics 高等数学

again and again 一次又一次，一再，反复

against the wall 靠着墙

ahead of…优于，超过，比……早，在……的前面

alarm clock 闹钟along with…和……一起

and so on 等等and things like that ……之类的东西

another day 改天any more 再，又

apart from 除……都，除……以外

around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临

（比较：on the way = in store 即将来临

draw near 即将来临，就要来临，逼近）

（2）Bb

be after 寻找，追踪，追求be /act against 违背，违反，反对

be from 从……来，是……人be next to 在……隔壁，紧挨着……

be off / leaving 离开be out （灯火）熄灭，（人）外出

be out of 没有，用完be up 起床

be up against 面对be up to sb 由某人决定

be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于be upon 逼近，临近

be anxious about …为……而忧虑/着急/担心

（比较：be anxious for …渴望，非常希望

be concerned about / for…为……而忧虑/着急/担心

be concerned about / with…对……关切/关注/感兴趣）

be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心

[比较：be careful (not) to do sth 小心（不）做某事]

be clear about 对……清楚be crazy about 对……着迷

be curious about = have the curiosity about 对……感到好奇

be excited about 对……感到兴奋be particular about 对……挑剔

be amazed at 为……感到惊讶be experienced at 对……有经验

be present at 出席be shocked at 对……感到震惊

be common for 对……来说是很普通的

be eager for … = long for… = be dying for…渴望得到……

（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事）

be famous for 因……而闻名，由于……而出名

（比较：be famous as 作为……而闻名

be famous to 对……来说很出名）

be fit for = be suitable for 适合

be good / bad for sb 对……有好处/坏处

（比较：be good at 善于……，擅长于……，在……方面做得好

be good to sb 对某人友好

do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处

do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人）be honored for…因……受到尊敬be intended for 为了

be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚）

be to blame for 因……受到责备be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上

be caught in (a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake) 突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）be confident in 在……方面自信be effective in 在……方面有效

be fluent in (a language) 在（某一门语言）方面很流利

be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在……方面不足

be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速

be rich / high in 在……方面丰富be set in 以……为背景

be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明

be trapped in 被困在……（比较：be trapped by 被……所困）

be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）

be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧/惭愧be aware of 意识到，知道

be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢

be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满be jealous of 嫉妒

be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少be sure of / about 对……有把握

be uncertain of / about 对……没把握be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于……

be addicted to 沉溺于

be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠诚于

be opened to 向……开放

be reduced to 30% 减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）

[比较：be reduced by 30% 减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）]

be similar to 与……相似，与……相像be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的气be armed with 以……武装be burdened with 为……所累

be busy with sth 忙于某事

（比较：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

be occupied with sth 忙于某事

be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）

be covered with / by 被……所覆盖be crowded with 挤/塞满了……

be diagnosed with 被诊断为

be equipped with 具有，装有……设备，为……做好准备

be faced with 面临……，面对……be familiar with 对……很熟悉

be fed up with 对……感到厌倦be honest with 对……诚实

be mean with 对……吝啬

be pleased / satisfied with 对……感到满意

（比较：be content with 对……感到满意，满足于……

be content to do sth 愿意做某事）

be popular with 受到……的欢迎be pressed with 被刻印/铸压上

be strict with sb 对某人严格要求（比较：be strict in sth 对某事严格要求）

be surrounded with / by 被……围绕be about to do sth 正要做某事

be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事

be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 决心做……

be due to do sth 预定/到期应该做某事（比较：due to sth 因为/由于……）

be forced to do sth 被迫做某事be free to do sth 任意去做，悉听尊便

be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事be supposed to do 被认为/被期望/应该做某事be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事be able to do 能，会

be absent from 缺席，旷课be asleep 睡着（比较：be awake 醒着）

be awarded a Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖

be badly off 潦倒，贫困（比较：be well off 富有）

be badly treated 受到虐待be born 出生，出世

be / become endangered 频临危险

be in contact with 与……有交往

（比较：make contact with 与……联络

lose / break contact with 与……失去联系

lose touch with = be out of touch with 与……失去联系

be in touch with = stay / keep in touch with 与……保持联系

get in touch with = get into contact with sb 与……取得联系

bring … into touch with 使……接触，使……认识

keep track of…与……保持联系，了解……的动态，记录……）

be in possession of = take possession of 持有，拥有，占有，占领

（比较：be in sb’s possession = be in the possession of sb 被某人占有/拥有come into sb’s possession 被某人占有/拥有）

be in the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾

（比较：be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顾）

be mentally disturbed 精神失常be of benefit 有利的，有好处的

be of (no) effect 有（无）效

be of different sizes / weights / shapes 大小不一/重量不同/形状各异

（比较：be of the same size / weight / shape 大小/重量/形状相同）

be of great importance / value 非常重要，有重要性

be of high / good quality 高质量的（比较：be of poor quality 质量糟糕的）

be of (no) use 有（无）用be on good terms (with sb) 与某人关系好be stressed out 紧张的，有压力的be upset 沮丧，伤心

be well received 很受欢迎be (well) worth doing（很）值得做

[比较：be worthy of sth / of being done / to be done 值得（做）……]

by accident = by chance 偶然地, 碰巧，意外

by air / boat / bus / train 乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车

by and by 不久以后，逐渐地by appointment 按约定

by choice 出于选择（比较：for choice 要选就选）

by day / night 白天/ 晚上by fax 通过传真

by force 靠武力by hand = with one’s hands 手工

by law 根据法律by mail 通过邮寄

by means of (doing) sth 通过，借助于……手段

（比较：by all means = in all ways 不惜一切

by no means = in no way 决不，一点也不

by this means = in this way 用这种方法）

by mistake = in error 由于错误或疏忽，错误地

by weight 按重量计算（比较：by the hour / day 按小时/天计算）

by the end of 到……结束为止，到……底为止

by the nearest exit 从最近的出口出去by the side of 在……附近

by the time 到……的时候（后接状语从句）

by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下

[ 比较：by way of …经由，经过, 通过……的方法

in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上

in no way 决不, 一点也不

in the / sb’s way 挡道，妨碍

in this / that way 以这种/那种方式，这样／那样

in … way = in the way of 以……的方式

this / that way 这样/那样（直接做状语）

on one’s way here / there / home (adv.) 在（到这里/去那里/回家）的路上

on one’s way to doing sth 即将做某事

on one’s way to someplace (n.) 在去某地的路上

on the way 在路上，在来/去的行进中

on the way home 在回家的路上，即将来临

out of the way 不挡道

feel one’s way 摸索着道路（前进）

fight one’s way 挣扎着前进，经（奋斗或努力）开路或获得（某事物）

find one’s way to设法找到去……的路

lose one’s way 迷路

make one’s way to 朝……走去

push one’s way 挤过去

struggle one’s way 艰难地行进]

base on sth 以……为基础（比较：be based on / upon 以……为基础）

beg for 乞求become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

believe in 信赖，信任，信仰(真理，宗教，原则)，支持，赞成

bend over 弯腰，俯身

benefit from = profit by / from 从……吸取教训，从……中获益

blow away 吹走blow out 吹灭

blow the fire off 熄火，把火吹灭brush one’s teeth 刷牙

build up 逐步建立，增进，增加，加强，扩大

burden sb / oneself with sth 加负担于某人/ 自己

burn down 烧毁，烧成平地burn down… to the ground把……烧成平地burn up 消耗，烧掉burst into 闯入，突然破门而入

burst into sth = burst out doing 迸发，突然而猛烈地产生某种情况

（比较：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑起来

burst into tears 眼泪夺眶而出

burst into cheers 突然欢呼）

burst out (doing ) 迸发出来，突然开始（做）

bed time 就寝时间Beijing Opera 京剧

before long 不久以后（比较：long before 很久以前）

belong to sb / sth 属于某人/某事below / above zero 零度以下/上

body building 健美body language 身势语

boiled water 开水both … and … 两个都，既……又……

business hours 营业时间bus station / stop 汽车站/公共汽车站

but for 如果不是，倘若不是

Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好。

（3）Cc

calculate the distance between… 计算出……的距离

calm down 平静，镇定can’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事

can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳card games 纸牌游戏

care about 对……感兴趣，关心，担心

（比较：care for 喜欢，关怀，照顾，照料

care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做

care to do sth 愿意做）

carry away 拿走，使入迷carry off 夺走，携走

carry on 继续进行，坚持下去carry on research 进行研究

carry out (an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey) 开展或执行（实验/计划/命令/调查）cast away 抛弃catch a glimpse of 瞥见

catch fire = be on fire 着火，开始燃烧

catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事

cause damage to…对……造成破坏cell phone 移动电话，手机

centre on / upon…将……当做重点或中心

（比较：centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中于）

chain stores 连锁店change A for B 用A换B

change A into B 把A变成B，把A转换成B

change one’s mind 改变主意charge… for 收费，要价

charge sth with… 使某事物充满……（情感）（比较：be charged with 充满……）

chat on line 网上聊天check in 登记，报到

check out 查明，核查，结帐check information 审核情况

cheer sb on 为某人加油cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来，使某人振作起来

chemical factory 化工厂child laborer 童工

Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣诞卡/树/前夕 classical music 古典音乐

classify … into …把……分类成……clean out 清除，打扫干净

clear away 清除掉，消散，清除打扫，整理

clear up 打扫卫生，梳理整齐，（天气）放晴，露出喜悦的表情

close friends 密友close down 倒闭

close up （尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近close to 靠近，接近

combine…with…把……和……结合起来 comment on / upon…对……进行评论commit the / a crime 犯罪common sense 常识，情理

communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知晓，传送某事物给某人

communicate with…与……交流/联络compare notes 交换意见，交流看法

compare … to…把……比作…compare with …与……相比

compete against… 与……相对抗compete for… 为……而竞争

compete in 参加（竞赛）compete with… 与……竞争/比赛

complain of 抱怨……computer / video games 电子游戏

congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事

connect to 连接，相连（比较：be connected to 与……有关系）

connect with …与……相连接

contribute to 有利于，贡献，捐款给，为……投稿

cool off 变凉，冷却，冷copy sb’s example仿照某人，照某人的样子做

cover an entire continent 覆盖整个大陆cover the events 采访事件，报道事件

create a positive / negative effect 产生积极/消极的作用/影响

cross out 划掉crowd around （许多人）围着

cultural relics / sites 文化古迹current affairs 时事

Cheer up. 振作起来。提起精神。Come on! 来！快呀！

（4）Dd

dance to the music 伴随音乐起舞

date from = date back to 始于……时期，追溯到

day after day 日复一日（强调重复）day by day 一天天地（强调逐渐变化）

day and night 日日夜夜地deal with = do with 处理，解决，对付

depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠，依赖，信赖，靠……来决定

develop a lifelong friendship with sb 与某人成为终身朋友

develop the photos 冲洗照片

devote … to…把……贡献给……，献身于……，专心于……

[比较：be devoted to (doing) sth 投身于

be devoted to sb 喜欢某人]

die away 逐渐消失，减弱（以至感觉不到），淡化

die down 逐渐降低，减弱，消失，平息

die from 因……而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某种具体疾病）

die of (illness, hunger, grief, etc.) 因……而死，死于（疾病，饥饿，悲伤等情感内因）

die off 一一死去，先后死去

die out = become extinct 灭绝，绝迹，消失

differ from = be different from 与……不同，区别于

dig up 挖出，掘起dining room 餐厅

dip into sth 把……放入液体中，浏览，翻阅

display one’s deep sympathy 表达某人深切的同情

distinguish A from B 显示A和B（两者）的差别，使A和B有所不同

（比较：distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别A 和B）

divide … into 把……分成，使……分隔开

divide up 分配double one’s efforts加倍努力

dozens of 几十draw a conclusion 得出结论

draw attention to 对……表示注意draw back 后退

draw up 起草，拟定dream of 梦到

dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事dress up 化装打扮，乔装打扮

dress up as…打扮／装饰成……drink a toast 祝酒

drink to sb / sth 为……而干杯或祝福drive off 击退, 把（车）开走

drop by 访问，拜访drop in 顺便走访，拜访

drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地

drop off 放下（某物），下车drop out (of…) （从竞赛、活动等）退出，辍学drop sb a line 给某人写短信during the day 在白天

during / in the 1980s / 1980’s 20世纪80年代

during / in / throughout one’s lifetime在某人的一生中

（5）Ee

each other 互相，彼此（比较：one another 相互，彼此）

earn / make / gain a / one’s living谋生earn / make money 挣钱，赚钱

eat up 吃完，吃光

either…or …或者……或者……，要么……要么……

[比较：neither … nor … 既不……也不……

not…but…不是……而是……

not only …but also…不仅……而且……（前句用于句首时，须倒装）] end up with …以……结束/告终

（比较：begin / start with 以……开始

close with 以……结束/告终

end up 结束，告终，最后得到……的结局/下场

end in failure / prison 以失败/坐牢而告终.

end in a tie 以平局结束）

engage to sb 与某人订婚English-speaking countries 说英语的国家

enjoy equal rights 享有平等权利enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得开心

escape from 免于/逃脱……，从……泄露出

every day 每天everyday use 日常使用

every few years 每隔几年

（比较：every four years = every fourth year 每四年，每隔三年

every two years = every second year = every other year 每两年，每隔一年) every now and then 不时地ever since 从……以来，从那时起

except for 除了……之外exchange student 交换生

exist in 存在于……experience life 体验生活

experiment with 进行实验，进行试验

explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事

express oneself 表达自己的意思Excuse me. 对不起。

Everything / All goes well. 一切顺利。

（6）Ff

face to face 面对面(比较：hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联)

fail in doing sth 没做成某事fail to do sth 无法做某事

fall asleep 入睡（比较：fall ill 病了，患病，病倒)

fall behind （成就，成绩）落后于fall down 摔下来，倒塌

fall in love with sb 爱上某人（比较：be in love with sb 与某人相爱）

fall into 陷入，落入fall off 跌落，下降

fall over 跌倒，摔倒fall to / into pieces 垮台，崩溃，解体，倒塌

fairy tale 童话family name 姓氏

family tree 家谱fax machine 传真机

far away 遥远，很远far from…远离……

fasten / tie … to…把……栓/别在……上feast on sth 宴饮，尽情地享受……

feed … on 喂养，饲养（比较：feed on / upon …以……为食）

feel down 感到闷闷不乐feel like doing sth 想做某事

feel well / terrible / better / weak 感觉好/糟/好些/虚弱

fight against 与……作斗争／打架／打仗

fight for sth 为……而斗争，争取获得某事物

fight over 为……而战，因……而争吵/争斗

fight sb / sth off 抗击某人/某事物，击退某人/某事物

fight with 与……并肩作战

figure out 理解，想明白，算出fill in 填空，填写

fill out 把……填好fill with 用……填充

fill A with B 把B装进A里，把A装满B

fill up with…用……装满

find out 获知，查明，查出，弄明白，发现，了解

fire escapes 安全梯fire exit 安全出口

first aid 急救fish farms 渔场

fit in 被他人接受，相处融洽

fit in (with sb / sth) 与（某人/某事物）相适应/相协调

fix a time / date for 为……确定时间/日期

fix up 搭起，安装，修理，修补folk song 民歌

follow customs 随俗，按照习惯follow sb’s instructions 遵从某人的指示

follow / take sb’s advice 听某人的劝告follow the rules 按照规则去做

forget about 忘记了

for a period of several weeks / months 在几周/几个月的一段时间里

for ever = for good 永远

for example = for instance 例如(比较：such as …例如……，像……这样)

for free = free of charge = without payment 免费（比较：at one’s own charge / expense 自费）for once 就这/那一次for one thing…, for another 首先……，其次……for the first time 第一次，初次，首先

[比较：at first = in / at the beginning 起初，首先

at first sight 第一眼，乍一看，初见之下

first of all 第一，首先，最重要

in the first place （用于列举理由时）首先，第一，原先

the first time 第一次，初次（后接状语从句）]

for the reason 因为

for the sake of 由于，为了……的利益，为了……起见

free from 不受……的影响，没有……的

from now on 从现在开始，今后from then on = from that moment on 从那时起

from …to …从……到……from time to time 有时，不时，偶尔