剑1-剑7writing task 2

剑7

题解：先天与后天

Nature or nurture, which plays major role in the personality and development of children?

Sample:

The relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to explain different levels of ability in, for instance, sport, art or music.

Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills, including those associated with sports, art or music. So from our own school experience, we can find plenty of evidence to support the view that a child can acquire these skills with continued teaching and guided practice.

However, some people believe that innate talent is what differentiates a person who has been trained to play a sport or an instrument, from those who become good players. In other words, there is more to the skill than a learned technique, and this extra talent cannot be taught, no matter how good the teacher or how frequently a child practices.

I personally think that some people do have talents that are probably inherited via their genes. Such talents can give individuals a facility for certain skills that allow them to excel, while more hard-working students never manage to reach a comparable level. But, as with all questions of nature versus nurture, they are not mutually exclusive. Good musicians or artists and exceptional sports stars have probably succeeded because of both good training and natural talent. Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and develop their talent.

In conclusion, I agree that any child can be taught particular skills, but to be really good in areas such as music, art or sport, then some natural talent is required.

【好句】

Some people advocate the role of nature in molding children’s characteristics. They take for example some of famous families in the world, which brought up many scientists, such as Bernoullis. But it should be a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of the family’s nurture.

If you want to succeed, do not rely on the nature. To achieve your goal needs the efforts of yourself. God helps those who help themselves.

Sample (band 7.5)

Fixing punishment for each type of crime has been a debatable issue. There are many arguments supporting both views.

On the one hand, fixed punishment will not only punishes the criminals but also deters the potential criminals thus leads to social stability and security. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime, will consider committing this act in the first place. At the same time, a legal stereotype will be provided through fixed punishment so that arbitrary judgment and injustice could be effectively decreased.

On the other hand, taking the circumstances of a crime and its motivation into consideration is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity. A person killing because of self-defense, for instance, cannot be compared to a serial killer.

In my opinion, an intermediary position between both standpoints is the perfect way to establish and ensure justice. There have to be fixed punishments for all crimes. However, criminal laws have to provide for a minimum and a maximum for the punishment and the laws also have to foresee certain cases of exemptions.

In conclusion, as with all questions of fixed punishment and consideration of other factors when judged, they are not mutually exclusive. To ensure a safe and comfortable environment to the law-abiding citizens, both the opinions are available to criminals.

Nowadays many adults have full-time jobs and the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high. So feelings about one’s job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and because of this, job satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person.

Employees get job satisfaction in a number of ways. Firstly, a person needs to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work, so positive feedback from superiors is very important in this respect. A sense of fulfillment is also encouraged if a worker feels the job is worth doing because it contributes to the society or the economy as a whole. Secondly, when someone feels they are improving or developing their skills through training opportunities, for example, then there is a sense of progression and purpose that rewards a worker. The sense of belonging to a team or a

working community also contributes to job satisfaction because colleagues help each other to enjoy their working lives. Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team.

Of course not everyone enjoys their work, hard economic realities mean that many people have little choice in the kind of job they can get. In some cases an employee is working in a job that suits neither their skills nor their personality. Some job are repetitive and boring, and labor relations may be poor and lead to resentment and insecurity rather than to job satisfaction.

However, even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job. If the factors identified above are implemented, then any job can be improved and more workers can feel greater degrees of job satisfaction.

General training

I agree with the view that stars in the entertainment business are usually over paid. This is true whether we are considering stars of film, sport or popular music, and it often seems that the amount of money they are able to earn in a short time cannot possibly be justified by the amount of work they do.

However, it is also true that it is only those who reach the very top of their profession who can get these huge salaries. So the size of salary that stars expect is closely linked to the competition they have to overcome in order to reach success. They are, in effect, rare talents.

Furthermore, the majority of stars do not hold their top positions long. Sport stars and pop stars, for example, are soon replaced by the next younger, more energetic, generation, while the good looks of most film stars quickly fade. So this relatively short working life may be some justification for the very high pay.

Unfortunately, professionals from other fields, who make a much greater contribution to human society, are paid so much less that it is hard to disagree with the statement. Teachers, nurses, laboratory researchers etc. are never listed among the best-paid professionals, yet they are more important to our well-being and our future than the stars who earn their fortunes so quickly.

In conclusion, I think there may be some reasons why entertainment stars earn high salaries but overall I agree that they are overpaid. The gaps between their earnings and those of people who work less selfishly for the good of society cannot be justified. Such professionals should be much better appreciated and better paid.

剑6

As a result of constant media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities, and those at the top are paid huge salaries. Just like movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.

Many people find their rewards unfair, especially when comparing these super salaries with those of top surgeons or research scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing the country. However, sports salaries are not determined by considering the contribution to society a person makes, or the level of responsibility he or she holds. Instead, they reflect the public popularity of sport in general and the level of pu blic support that successful stars can generate. So the notion of “fairness”is not the issue.

Those who feel that sports stars’salaries are justified might argue that the number of professionals with real talent are very few, and the money is a recognition of the skills and dedication a person needs to be successful. Competition is constant and a player is tested every time they perform in their relatively short career. The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight. So all of these factors may justify the huge earnings.

Personally, I think that the amount of money such sports stars make is more j ustified than the huge earnings of movie stars, but at the same time, it indicates that our society places more value on sport than on more essential professions and achievements.

Task 3

Some people believe that visitors to other countries should follow local customs and behavior. Others disagree and think that the host country should welcome cultural differences. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Over the last half century the pace of change in the life of human beings has increased beyond our wildest expectations. This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis. This means that change is not always a personal option, but an inescapable fact of life, and we need to constantly adapt to keep pace with it.

Those people who believe they have achieved some security by doing the same, familiar things are living in denial. Even when people believe they are resisting change themselves, they cannot stop the world around them from changing. Sooner or later they will find that the familiar job no longer exist, or that the ‘safe’patterns of behavior are no longer appropriate.

However, reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that ‘change is always for the better’. Unfortunately, it is not always the case that new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people. A lot of innovations are made with the aim of making money for a few. This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able to impose changes( such as in working conditions or property developments) that are in their own interests.

In conclusion, I would say that change can be stimulating and energizing for individuals when they pursue it themselves, but that all change, including that which is imposed on people, does not necessarily have good outcome.

General training

I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer every day. This is partly because sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and physical posture of a young child, regardless of what they are using the computer for.

However, the main concern is about the type of computer activities that attract children. These are often electronic games that tend to be very intense and rather violent. The player is usually the ‘hero’of the game and to much expose can encourage children to be self-centered and insensitive to others.

Even when children use a computer for other purposes, such as getting information of emailing friends, it is no substitute for human interaction. Spending time with other children and sharing non-virtual experiences is an important part of a child’s development that cannot be provided by a computer.

In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied. Their adult world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the internet is the key to all the knowledge and information available in the world today. Therefore it is important that children learn at early age to use the equipment enthusiastically and with confidence as they will need these skill throughout their studies and working lives.

I think the main point is to make sure that young children do not overuse computers. Parents must ensure that their children learn to enjoy other kinds of activity and not simply sit at home, learning to live in a virtual world.

剑5.

Nowhere in the world has the issue of female rights and interests been so much debated as in ou r society. Nowadays, plenty of universities limit the number of female students who study in som e of subjects; therefore, many people think universities should accept equal numbers of men an d female study in every subject, but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I th ink men and women should gain equal educational opportunities, but accepting equal numbers o f male and female, in every subject, is unnecessary and impossible. Therefore, I disagree with th e view that universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subje ct. My argument in support of my view is as follows.

The main reason is that mode of thinking is different between female and male. Everyone, male a nd female, has equal right to study in universities, nevertheless, due to difference of in thought a nd views. Men and Women may represent varied study capability. A case in point is that men ma y possess more talent than women in mathematics, physics and like stuff. In the study of languag

e, on the other hand, female shows stronger ability than male. In the history of human beings, m ost scientists, especially those who research abstract theories, are male.

Another reason is that nature decides different directions of development between men and wo men. Today, although fema le’s right is being increased, female still plays a different social role. W omen are by nature good at housekeeping since the biological function of a woman is first to brin g children into the world and then to bring them up and it has been proved by some scientists tha t women are not good at business management, political administrations, etc. So, in the study o f business and management, requiring equal numbers of male and female is not essential.

From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that accepting equ al numbers of male and female students in every subject is impossible and I also disag ree with this point of view.

范文2

University, a place disseminating knowledge and illuminating people’s mind, renders people oppo rtunities to further their study and cultivate their capabilities. Some people propose that universit y should enroll equal number of male and female students in every subject. From my point of vie w, this is not only impractical, but also unfeasible.

On the one hand, different students have their own research interest and study focus, which decid e on their career and success. If university enroll equal number of male and female students regard less their interest, the students will lose their motivation and aspiration of study. If a talented write r is forced to study mathematics, for instance, he will not become a good mathematician, nor an ex cellent writer. In this sense, university should consider students’ study interest instead of pursuin g equal number of males and females in one subject.

On the other hand, different subjects have their own characteristics. For example, histories mak

e men wise; poets, witty; mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rh etoric, able to contend. It is common that most students in science and engineering are males, whil e the majority o

f students in nursin

g and education are females. Some jobs, suc

h as navigating a b oat, plying a plane and working in extreme circumstances, are more suitable for males, for males h ave higher ability to endure hardship. Likewise, some positions become females only, such as, nur ses, baby-sitters, secretaries, assistants, textile workers and so on. If university enrollment ignore s the differences in sex, a person cannot perform properly in their position.

In conclusion, it is not a good idea for university to enroll equal number of male and female stude nts, because the characteristics of subjects differ from each other and students have their right to c hoose the subject they are interested

Sample:

It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school. The trend is not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of time.

The reason for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world.

By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.

However, there are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. Young adults may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course. But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualification are essential for getting a reasonable career.

My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons. That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do with their lives and why. Students with such a perspective are usually the most effective and motivated ones and taking a year off may be the best way to gain this.

Sample:

Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the genetic sciences. We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before. Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual’s personality and development are more influenced by genetic factors (nature) or by the environment(nurture).

Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual’s life. But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the

personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development. It seems that the experiences we have in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.

My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life.Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops. If this were not true, then we would be able to predict the behavior and character of a person from the moment they were born.

In conclusion, I do not think that either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects. How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person’s life.

General training

Sample:

I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week. Most of this rubbish comes from the packaging from the things we buy, such as processed food. But even if we buy fresh food without packaging, we still produce rubbish from the plastic bags used everywhere to carry shopping home.

The reason why we have so much packaging is that we consume so much more on a daily basis than families did in the past. Convenience is also very important in modern life, so we buy packaged or canned food that can be transported from long distances and stored until we need it, first in the supermarket, and then a home.

However, I think the amount of waste produced is also a result of our tendency to use something once and throw it away. We forget that even the cheapest plastic bag has used up valuable resources and energy to produce. We also forget that it is a source of pollution and difficult to dispose of.

I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public. Children can be educated about environmental issues at school, but adults need to take action. Government can encourage such action by putting taxes on packaging, such as plastic bags, by providing recycling services and by fining households and shops that do not attempt to recycle

their waste.

With the political will, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce. Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste.

剑4

Sample:

Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means so many different things to different people. while some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness.

Because people interpret happiness for themselves in so many different ways, it is difficult to give any definition that is true for everyone. However, if there are different kinds of happiness for different individuals then the first step in achieving it would be to have a degree of self-knowledge. A person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.

Of course, factors such as loving relationships, good wealth, the skill to earn a living and a peaceful environment all contribute to our happiness too. But this does not mean that people without these conditions cannot be happy.

Overall, I think an ability to keep clear perspective in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness. By that I mean an ability to have a clear sense of what is important in our lives(the welfare of our families, the quality of our relationships, making other people happy, etc.) and what is not( a problem at work, getting annoyed about trivial things, etc)

Like self-awareness, this is very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness.

Sample:

Poor student behavior seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyle are probably responsible for this.

In many countries, the birth rate is decreasing so that families are smaller with fewer children. These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways. They are allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please. This means that the children grow up without consideration for others and without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.

When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.

Teachers continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation. But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequence of spoiling their children. If they could raise them to be considerable of others and to be social, responsible individuals, the whole community would benefit.

General training

Sample:

In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunity for children to stay in their own home up to that age. Instead, they will probably go to nursery school when they

are much younger.

While some people think this may be damaging to a child’s development, or to a child’s relationship with his or her parents, in fact there are many advantages to having school experience at a young age.

Firstly, a child will learn to interact with a lot of different people and some children learn to communicate very early because of this. They are generally more confident and independent than children who stay at home with their parents and who are not used to strangers or new situations. Such children find their first day at school at the age of six very frightening and this may have a negative effect on how they learn.

Another advantage of going to school at an early age is that children develop faster socially. They make friends and learn how to get on with other children of a similar age. This is often not possible at home because they are the only child, or because their brothers or sisters are older or younger.

So overall, I believe that, attending school from a young age is good for most children. They still spend plenty of time at home with their parents, so they can benefit from both environment.

剑3

overall, I disagree with the opinion expressed. I would like to begin by pointing out that traditional skills and ways of life are not automatically of one country, but of a culture or community.

In many ways, the history of civilization is the history of technology: from the discovery of fire to the invention of the wheel to the development of the internet, we have been moving on from previous ways of doing things. Some technologies, such as weapons of mass destruction, are of negative impact. Others, such as medical advances, positively help people to live better or longer, and so very much help traditional ways of life. Surely, few people would seek to preserve such tradition as living in caves!

Interestingly, technology can positively contribute to the keeping alive of traditional skills and ways of life. For example, the populations of some islands are too small to have normal schools. Rather than breaking up families by sending children to the mainland, education authorities have

been able to use the internet to deliver schooling online. In addition, the internet, and modern refrigeration techniques, are being used to keep alive the traditional skill s of producing salmon; it can now be ordered from, and delivered to, anywhere in the world.

In conclusion, without suggesting that all technology is necessarily good , I think it is by no means ‘pointless’, in any way, to try to keep traditions alive with technology. We should not ignore technology, because it can be our friend and support out way of life.

The issue of children doing paid work is a complex and sensitive one. It is difficult to say who has the right to judge whether children working is ‘wrong’or ‘valuable’. Opinion will also differ as to ‘learning benefit’: no doubt teachers and factory owners, for example, would have varying concerns.

An important consideration is the kind of work undertaken. Young children doing arduous and repetitive tasks on a factory production line, for example, are less likely to be ‘learning’than older children helping in an old people’s home. There are health and safety issues to be considered as well. It is an unfortunate fact that many employers may prefer to use the services of children simply to save money by paying them less than adults and it is this type of exploitation that should be discouraged.

However, in many countries children work because their families need the additional income, no matter how small. This was certainly the case in the past in many industrialized countries, and it is very difficult to judge that it is wrong for children today to contribute to the family income in this way.

Nevertheless, in better economic circumstances, few parents would choose to send their children out to full-time paid work. If learning responsibilities and work experience are considered to be important, then children can acquire these by having light, part-time jobs or even doing tasks such as helping their parents around the family home, which are unpaid, but undoubtedly of value in children’s development.

General training

Today, education has become a priority for many parents seeking to secure a good future for their children in this rapidly changing world. They believe that if their children apply themselves and work hard at school, then they will increase their opportunities for going to higher education and eventually getting a good job. Of course they are right, and as access to the best education and best jobs is becoming more competitive, then it is true that children have to make the best of their study time when they are young.

However, the parents who do not allow their children sufficient free time for leisure activities outside school hours, are misguided. Such activities are far from being a waste of time for the children simply because they are not academic. It is important to remember that children need to develop skills other than intellectual ones, and the best way to do this is through activities such as sports, games and playing with other kids. If they cannot play make-believe games, how can they develop their imagination? How can they learn physical co-ordination or learn important social lessons about winning and losing if they do not practice any sports? Many children form strong, personal relationships with the friends they play with, and without the opportunity to do this, they could grow up emotionally immature or unformed.

Finally, I think it is also important to remember that children need to relax as work. If everything they do must have some educational or academic relevance, then they will soon get tired of studying altogether, which is the last thing parents would want.

It is generally accepted that families are not as close as they used to be. Give some reasons why this change has happened and suggest how families could be brought closer together. Include any relevant examples from your experience

剑2

General training

their populations to a sustainable figure. In the past, populations were partly regulated by frequent war and widespread disease, but in recent years the effects of those factors have been limited. Countries can be faced with a population that is growing much faster than the nation’s food resources or employment opportunities and whose members can be condemned to poverty by the need to feed extra mouths. They identify population control as a means to raising living standards.

But how should it be achieved? Clearly, this whole area is a very delicate personal and cultural issue. Many people feel that this is not a matter for the state. They feel this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves. For that reason, it would seem that the best approach would be to work by persuasion rather than compulsion. This could be done by a process of education that points out the way a smaller family can mean an improved quality of life for the family members, as well as less strain on the country’s, perhaps very limited, resources.

This is the preferred way. Of course, if this does not succeed within a reasonable time scale, it may be necessary to consider other measures, such as tax incentives or child-benefit payments for small families only. These are midway between persuasion and compulsion.

So, yes, it is sometimes necessary, but governments should try very hard to persuade first. They should also remember that this is a very delicate area indeed, and that social engineering can creat as many problems as it solves.

剑1

General training

Computers are a relatively new invention. The first computers were built fifty years ago and it is only in the last thirty or so years that their influence has affected our everyday life. Personal computers were introduced as recently as the early eighties. In this short time they have made a tremendous impact on our lives. We are now so dependent on computers that it is hard to imagine what things would be like today without them. You have only got to go into a bank when their main computer is broken to appreciate the chaos that would occur if computers were suddenly removed world-wide.

In the future computers will be used to create bigger and even sophisticated computers. The prospect for this are quite alarming. They will be so complex that no individual could hope to understand how they work. They will bring a lot of benefits but they will also increase the potential for unimaginable chaos. They will, for example, be able to fly planes and they will be

able to co-ordinate the movements of several planes in the vicinity of an airport. Providing all the computers are working correctly nothing can go wrong. If one small program fails----disaster.

There is a certain inevitability that technology will progress and become increasingly complex. We should, however, ensure that we are still in a position where we are able to control technology. It will be all too easy to suddenly discover that technology is controlling us. By then it might be too late. I believe that it is very important to be suspicious of the benefits that computer will bring and to make sure that we never become totally dependent on a completely technological world.

It has often been said that ‘good news is bad news’because it does not sell newspaper. A radio station that once decided to present only good news soon found that it had gone out of business for lack of listeners. Bad news on the other hand is so common that in order to cope with it, we often simply ignore it. We have become immune to bad news and the newspapers and radio stations are aware of this.

While newspapers and TV stations may aim to report world events accurately, be they natural or human disasters, political events of the horrors of war, it is also true that their main objective is to sell newspapers and attract listeners and viewers to their stations. For this reason TV and radio stations attempt to reflect the flavor of their station by providing news broadcasts tailor-made to suit their listeners’preferences. Programmers specializing in pop music or TV soap operas focus more on local news, home issues and up-to-date traffic reports. The more serious stations and newspapers like to provide ‘so called’objective news reports with editorial comment aimed at analyzing the situation.

If it is true, then, that newspapers and TV stations are tailoring their news to their readers’and viewers’requirements, how can they possibly be reporting real world events in an honest and objective light? Many radio an TV stations do , in fact, report items of good news but they no longer call this news. They refer to these as human interest stories and package them in programmes specializing, for instance, in consumer affairs of local issues. Good news now comes to us in the form of documentaries: the fight against children’s cancer or AIDS, or the latest developments in the fight to save the planet from environmental pollution

The 21st century is the period of information, in which computers will play an important role in e very area of our lives. Recently, computer assisted education has become more and more popular in primary schools, high schools and colleges. The computer’s multimedia abilities make the class es lively and interesting. As a result, some people have said that teachers are no longer playing a significant role in classroom. However, I can hardly agree with them.

First, it is the teacher who creates the software used in class. For example, the software may be a n outline of the teacher’s lecture .If you listen to some lectures, you will find that the lectures con tain far more information than the multimedia software includes. While showing the class, most t eachers willexpand the knowledge extent, especially adding some latest discoveries and breakthr oughs. So, the computer is just an assistant, which makes the class more vivid and clear. Teachers and students are the main part of a class.

Second, computers cannot organize activities in class in place of teachers. For example, we often do some group work during classes, and it is the teachers who set the groups and control the tim e. After checking our homework, teachers will understand what the real weakness of students is, and adjust their classes to improve their teaching, while computers cannot. Moreover,the interac tion between students and teachers is very useful.During

the asking and answering of questions, students pose problems and find answers more clearly. B ut computers, now, have not that intelligence.

All in all, although computer technology is developing very quickly and computers can solve more and more problems without people, teachers still play an important role in class. And I insist that , no matter how the technology develops, teachers will be in the front of the classroom forever

【点明观点】There is a growing tendency nowadays for some people to treat animals as living meat and walking fur. This leads to the cruel slaughter of animals all over the world every year.

Yet, in my opinion, instead of killing animals, human beings should treat them as their friends.

【论证观点】It is an undeniable fact that animals play a vital role in maintaining the subtle balance of the earth's ecological system. The lack of this essential part will bring about the destruction of the whole world. Therefore, to some extent, killing animals is equal to digging our own graves.

【举例论证】For thousands of years, many animals have given loyal service to humans. Pigeons convey messages in wartime, and dogs help to detect crime. Even pigs, which many people think are the most stupid animals, are used in the battle against drugs. There is no doubt that our lives would be far less convenient without a little help from our animal friends.

【举例论证】Animals also help humans in a spiritual way. There is nothing better than keeping a cat or a dog if you want your kids to be more independent and responsible. It is also noted that senior citizens live longer if they keep pets after their retirement.

【总结综述】T o sum up, animals are human beings' friends. Those who regard animals as merely a source of food and clothing should at least bear one thing in mind: Being kind to animals is being kind to ourselves. Therefore, for our own future benefit, please treat animals with love and care.

范文：

Poor student behaviour seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.

When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.

Sample Answer:

【陈述观点】The view that women are better parents than men has shown itself to be true throughout history.This is not to say that men are not of importance in child-rearing; indeed, they are most necessary if children are to appreciate fully the roles of both sexes. But women

have proven themselves superior parents as a result of their conditioning, their less aggressive nature and their generally better communication skills.

【举例论证1】From the time they are little girls, females learn about nurturing. First with dolls and later perhaps with younger brothers and sisters, girls are given the role of career. Girls see their mothers in the same roles and so it is natural that they identify this as a female activity. Boys, in contrast, learn competitive role far removed from what it means to nurture. While boys may dream of adventures, girls’ conditioning means they tend to see the future in terms of raising families.

【举例论证2】Girls also appear to be less aggressive than boys.In adulthood, it is men, not women, who prove to be the aggressors in crime and in war. Obviously, in raising children, a more patient, gentle manner is preferable to a more aggressive one. Although there certainly exist gentle men and aggressive women, by and large, females are less likely to resort to violence in attempting to solve problems.

【举例论证3】Finally, women tend to be better communicators than men.This is shown in intelligence tests, where females, on average, do better in verbal communication than males. Of course, communication is of utmost importance in rearing children, as children tend to learn from and adopt the communication styles of their parents.

【总结】Thus, while it is all very well to suggest a greater role for men in raising children, let us

Sample Answer：

【引出话题】For over fifty years, a number of nations have been involved in the exploration of outer space. This research has been very costly, of course. Has this money been well spent or wasted?

【一部人的观点】Some people believe that all or most space research should be eliminated because of its incredible expense, not only in terms of money, but also in terms of scientific and human resources. These people point out the fact that it cost billions of dollars to send astronauts to the moon, but all they brought back were some worthless rocks. These people say that the money and effort now being wasted in outer space could be spent on more important projects right here on earth, such as providing housing for homeless people, improving the education system, saving the environment, and finding cures for diseases.

【另一部分人的观点】However, other people believe that space research has provided many benefits to mankind. They point out that hundreds of useful products, from personal computers to heart pacemakers to freeze-dried foods, are the direct or indirect results of space research. They say that weather and communication satellites, which are also products of space programs, have benefited people all over the globe. In addition to these practical benefits, supporters of the space program point to the scientific knowledge that has been acquired about the sun, the moon, the planets, and even our own earth as a result of space research.

【本人观点-点明中心思想】I agree with those people who support space research and wish to continue. Space research, as shown, has already brought many benefits to humanity. Perhaps it will bring even more benefits in the future, ones that we can not even imagine now. Moreover, just as individual people need challenges to make their lives more interesting, I believe the