(全国用)2018年高考英语总复习 微专题训练 第37练 外貌特征类(一)

第37练外貌特征类（一）

高考高频单词与短语识记排查

单词识记：

在空格处填入适当的词(1个单词)或所给词的正确形式

1．It was the president’s second public (appear) to date.

2．He made efforts to move the (heavily) furniture.

3．This (cloth) sells well to the teenage market.

4．For a time it seemed (doubt) that he would move at all.

5．Walking through the deep snow in my high (boot)，I finally reached the farmhouse.

6．Sports can build our bodies.

7．I’m afraid I’ll have to ring .Someone is calling me.

8． average we receive five letters each day.

9．It is time now for us to get down to business and be serious this. 10．Don’t build going abroad this summer because we may not have enough money.

阅读能力专练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2016·山东潍坊一中期初)

Americans use many expressions with the word dog.People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well.They take their dogs for walks，let them play outside and give them good food and medical care.However，dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life.The expression，to lead a dog’s life，describes a person who has an unhappy life.

Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world.That means many people are competing for the same things，like good jobs.They say that to be successful，a person has to work like a dog.This means they have to work very，very hard.Such hard work can make people dog-tired.And，the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.

Still，people say every dog has its day.This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life.To be successful，people often have to learn new skills.Yet，some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks.They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.

Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways.People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog.Junkyard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want.But mean dogs are often used to guard this property.They bark or attack people who try to enter the property.However，sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad.We say his bark is worse than his bite.

Dog expressions also are used to describe the weather.The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year.A rainstorm may cool the weather.But we do not want it to rain too hard.We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.

1．What does the passage mainly discuss?

A．Dogs in our daily lives.

B．Expressions with dogs.

C．The role dogs play in America.

D．Attitude of the American citizens to dogs.

2．What does “dog-tired” describe in the passage?

A．Describe a very successful person.

B．Describe the dogs that are very tired after a long walk.

C．Describe a rainy and cloudy weather.

D．Describe the heavy degree of exhaustion of people after long time work. 3．How are people compared to dogs in bad ways?

A．By mean dogs and junkyard dogs.

B．By lazy dogs and bad dogs.

C．By sick dogs and tired dogs.

D．None of them is right.

B

(2017·山西长治二中、沂州一中、临汾一中、康杰中学、晋城一中联考)

DOGS DRIVE CAR

Auckland，New Zealand

After two months of learning，Monty and Porter were able to drive an automobile around a racetrack.“We wanted to prove how smart rescue dogs are，” animal behaviorist Mark Vette says.Vette first used voice commands and treats to teach the dogs how to turn a steering wheel and how to change gear(换挡)．

The dogs’ ride only accelerated up to 7.5 miles an hour，and trainers could stop the auto using a remote control.

GOLDEN ZEBRA

Kailua-Kona，Hawaii

Zoe the zebra’s markings are special.The animal has white and golden stripes.Zo e’s appearance resulted from a rare condition called amelanosis(黑素缺失症)．Her body doesn’t make enough melanin，the substance in an animal’s skin and hair cells that produces color.“Only 25 other golden zebras are known to exist in the world，”says Ann Goody，who runs the wildlife refuge where Zoe lives.In the wild，life may be difficult for animals with amelanosis because predators(捕猎者)can easily spot them.But Zoe is protected at her refuge.

COCKATOO MAKES TOOLS

Vienna，Austria

When Figaro the cockatoo spots food lying just out of reach from his cage，

he builds a tiny wooden tool to sweep the tasty prize in his way.

The bird first revealed his talent when a stone he was playing with rolled out of his cage.The cockatoo couldn’t reach the stone.So he flew away and ret urned with a small branch，slipping it through the fence to slide the stone toward him.

Wondering if he would do it again，scientists placed a nut exactly where the stone had been.This time，Figaro pulled out a small piece of wood in his cage and dragged the nut toward him.

4．If Zoe the zebra is set free in the wild，she will .

A．meet no natural predators

B．not get along with other zebras

C．manage to make enough melanin

D．be easily found for her appearance

5．What’s special about Figaro the cockatoo?

A．H e’s particular about his food.

B．He’s extremely fond of stones.

C．He’s good at drawing support from outside forces.

D．He can tell the difference between stones and nuts.

6．What is the text mainly about?

A．Amazing animals.

B．Ways to help animals.

C．Animals’ unique talents.

D．Tips on training animals.

Ⅱ.七选五

How to Care for Your Ears?

Ears not only let us hear，but they also play a role in maintaining our balance，which is vital to our ability to function in daily life.Yet，we ignore them.We can’t even see our ears，except in a mirror.We take it for granted what they do for us day in and day out—until we notice something wrong，such as when an earache strikes or when we start having to ask people to repeat what they say. 7

◆Clean your ear with a washcloth—covered finger only.

Never put anything inside your ear canal，including cotton swabs(药签)． 8 ◆Leave earwax(耳垢) alone.

Wax is your ear’s way of eliminating(消除) anything foreign that gets into the ear canal. 9 If you find you have too much earwax，use a few drops of earwax remover(去除剂) in the canal.After a few minutes，wash the ear with warm water.

◆Avoid noisy places.

Rock concerts and construction sites are just a few places that frequently have noise levels that can damage hearing.Any place where you have to shout to be heard should be avoided.

◆ 10

Be careful not to play MP3 too loud，especially if using earphones.

◆Be careful with illness and medications.

Respiratory(呼吸的) illnesses should be treated to avoid their spread to the ears.Certain medications can damage hearing，so follow the directions carefully before taking them.

See your doctor if you suffer from sudden hearing loss or hear noises in your head.

11

A．Most people don’t need to clean wax out of their ears.

B．In such case，go to see a doctor as soon as possible.

C．These can be symptoms of a serious illness which needs to be treated.

D．This article will show you how to care for your ears.

E．Turn the volume down.

F．Avoid using earphones while listening to MP3.

G．Your ear canal is very narrow，and a swab can damage it.

答案解析

高考高频单词与短语识记排查

跟踪训练

1．appearance 2.heavy 3.clothing 4.doubtful 5.boots 6．up 7.off 8.On 9.about 10.on/upon

阅读能力专练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

1．B [主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Americans use many expressions with the word dog.”说明在美式英语中有很多与dog有关的词组，接下来在文章中作者列举了很多有dog 这个单词的短语并解释了这些短语的意思以及使用语境。故B正确。]

2．D [词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Such hard work can make people dog-tired.”说明艰苦的工作会让人dog-tired，由此可猜测该词是形容人们经历了艰苦的工作以后的疲惫程度。所以D正确。]

3．A [细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways.People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog.”可知mean dogs和junkyard dogs这两个短语表示的都是不好的方面的人。故A正确。] 语篇解读本文介绍了三种令人惊讶的动物。

4．D [细节理解题。根据GOLDEN ZEBRA中的“Zoe’s appearance resulted from a rare condition called amelanosis(黑素缺失症)．”及“In the wild，life may be difficult for animals with amelanosis because predators(捕猎者)can easily spot them.”可知，Zoe the zebra被放在野外时捕猎者很容易根据她们的外表发现她们。关键词easily spot 和easily found同义。]

5．C [推理判断题。根据COCKATOO MAKES TOOLS中的“he builds a tiny wood en tool to sweep the tasty prize in his way”，“he flew away and returned with a small branch，slipping it through the fence to slide the stone toward him”和“This time，Figaro

pulled out a small piece of wood in his cage and dragged the nut toward him.”可以看出：他擅于利用外部力量。故选C。]

6．A [主旨大意题。文章介绍的三种动物都有奇特的技能，因此可知，它们都是令人惊讶的动物，故选A。]

Ⅱ.七选五

语篇解读本文就如何照顾耳朵给出了几点建议。

7．D [下文中列出了几种护理耳朵的方法，因此这里选D(这篇文章会告诉你怎样护理你的耳朵。)表总起。]

8．G [上句讲：不要将任何东西放在你的耳朵内，包括棉签。G选项中的a swab与上句呼应。故选G。]

9．A [上句的意思是：耳垢是耳朵消除进入耳道的任何东西的方式。下句的意思是：如果你发现你有太多耳垢，可以向耳道中滴几滴耳垢清除剂。所以这里选A(大部分人不需要清除耳朵中的耳垢。)，与上下文一致。]

10．E [空后的意思是：注意不要把MP3播放器的声音调太大，特别是用耳机时。E选项(把声音调小。)与之一致。]

11．C [空前的意思是：如果你遭受突然的听力损伤或者头脑中有大的噪音，那么要去看医生。所以这里选C(这些可能是需要治疗的严重疾病的症状。)与上文承接。]