新标准大学英语综合教程2 山东理工大学英语读写课复习资料

新标准大学英语综合教程2

山东理工大学大学英语读写期末复习资料考试范围：

课文（出选词填空、汉译英）：

Unit 1 第一篇 Page 2--------------------------------------------2 Unit 3 第一篇 Page 31-------------------------------------------5 Unit 4 第一篇 Page 45-------------------------------------------8 Unit 8 第二篇 Page 104-----------------------------------------11 Unit 9 第一篇 Page 115-----------------------------------------14 课后题（汉译英）：

P11 第5题----------------------------------------------------17 P39 第6题----------------------------------------------------18 P53 第6题----------------------------------------------------19 P109 第5题---------------------------------------------------20 P123 第7题---------------------------------------------------21 课后题（英译汉）：

P11 第4题 ①②-----------------------------------------------23 P39 第5题 ①②-----------------------------------------------23 P53 第5题 ①②-----------------------------------------------24 P109 第4题 ③④----------------------------------------------24 P123 第6题 ①②----------------------------------------------25

一、课文原文+翻译：

彩色标注的单词为单词表中的单词，根据以往经验，选词填空一般是在单词表中

的单词所在位置设空。（但我觉得没人会脑抽到在人名、地名的地方挖空） UNIT1

College just isn't special any more

大学已经不再特别了

1 "If you can remember anything about the 1960s, you weren't really there," so the saying goes. It may be true for those who spent their college years in a haze of marijuana smoke. But there is one thing everyone remembers about the 1960s: Going to college was the most exciting and stimulating experience of your life.

有这么一种说法：“要是你能记得20 世纪60 年代的任何事情，你就没有真正经历过那段岁月。”对于在大麻烟雾中度过大学时光的那些人，这话可能是真的。但是，20 世纪60 年代有一件事人人都记得，那就是：上大学是你一生中最激动人心、最刺激的经历。

2 In the 1960s, California's colleges and universities had transformed the state into the world's seventh largest economy. However, Berkeley, the University of California's main campus, was also well-known for its student demonstrations and strikes, and its atmosphere of political radicalism. When Ronald Reagan ran for office as governor of California in 1966, he asked if Californians would allow "a great university to be brought to its knees by a noisy, dissident minority". The liberals replied that it was the ability to tolerate noisy, dissident minorities which made universities great.

20 世纪60 年代，加州的高校把本州变成了世界第七大经济实体。然而，加州大学的主校园伯克利分校也以学生示威、罢课以及激进的政治氛围而著名。1966 年，罗纳德·里根竞选加州州长，他问加州是否允许“一所伟大的大学被喧闹的、持不一意见的少数人征服。”自由派人士回答说，大学之所以伟大正是因为它们有能力容忍喧闹的、持不同意见的少数人。

3 On university campuses in Europe, mass socialist or communist movements gave rise to increasingly violent clashes between the establishment and the college students, with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice. Much of the protest was about the Vietnam War. But in France, the students of the Sorbonne in Paris

managed to form an alliance with the trade unions and to launch a general strike, which ultimately brought about the resignation of President de Gaulle.

在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情地投入到自由和正义的事业中去，大规模

的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。许多抗议是针

对越南战争的。可是在法国，巴黎大学的学生与工会联盟，发动了一场大罢工，最终导致

了戴高乐总统辞职。

4 It wasn't just the activism that characterized student life in the 1960s. Everywhere, going to college meant your first taste of real freedom, of late nights in the dorm or in the Junior Common Room, discussing the meaning of life. You used to have to go to college to read your first forbidden book, see your first indie film, or find someone who shared your passion for Jimi Hendrix or Lenny Bruce. It was a moment of unimaginable freedom, the most liberating in your life.

20 世纪60 年代大学生活的特点并不仅仅是激进的行动。不论在什么地方，上大学都意味

着你初次品尝真正自由的滋味，初次品尝深更半夜在宿舍或学生活动室里讨论人生意义的

滋味。你往往得上了大学才得以阅读你的第一本禁书，看你的第一部独立影人电影，或者

找到和你一样痴迷吉米·亨德里克斯或伦尼·布鲁斯的志同道合者。那是一段难以想象的

自由时光，你一生中最无拘无束的时光。

5 But where's the passion today? What's the matter with college? These days political, social and creative awakening seems to happen not because of college, but in spite of it. Of course, it's true that higher education is still important. For example, in the UK, Prime Minister Blair was close to achieving his aim of getting 50 per cent of all under thirties into college by 2010 (even though a cynic would say that this was to keep them off the unemployment statistics). Yet college education is no longer a topic of great national importance. Today, college is seen as a kind of small town from which people are keen to escape. Some people drop out, but the most apathetic stay the course because it's too much effort to leave.

可如今那份激情哪儿去了？大学怎么了？现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭

借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。例如，

在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010 年让50％的30 岁以下的人上大学的目标，（即使

愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。不过，大学教育已不再是

全民重视的话题了。如今，大学被视为人们急于逃离的一种小城镇。有些人辍学，但大多

数已经有些麻木，还是坚持混到毕业，因为离开学校实在是太费事了。

6 Instead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the 1960s discovered, students today are much more serious. The British Council has recently done research into the factors which help international students decide where to study.

In descending order these are: quality of courses, employability prospects, affordability, personal security issues, lifestyle, and accessibility. College has become a means to an end, an opportunity to increase one's chances on the employment market, and not an end in itself, which gives you the chance to imagine, just for a short while, that you can change the world.

没有了20 世纪60 年代大学生发现的令人头脑发热的自由气氛，如今的大学生要严肃得多。英国文化促进会最近做了一项调查，研究外国留学生在决定上哪所大学时考虑的因

素。这些因素从高到低依次是：课程质量、就业前景、学费负担、人身安全问题、生活方式，以及各种便利。大学已变成实现目的的手段，是在就业市场上增加就业几率的一个机会，上大学本身不再是目的，它给你提供一个机会，让你暂时想象一下：你能够改变世

界。

7 The gap between childhood and college has shrunk, and so has the gap between college and the real world. One of the reasons may be financial. In an uncertain world, many children rely on their parents' support much longer than they used to. Students leaving university in the 21st century simply cannot afford to set up their own home because it's too expensive. Another possible reason is the communications revolution. Gone are the days when a son or daughter rang home once or twice a term. Today students are umbilically linked to their parents by their cell phones. And as for finding like-minded friends to share a passion for obscure literature or music, well, we have the Internet and chat rooms to help us do that.

童年与大学之间的距离已缩小了，大学与现实世界之间的距离也缩小了。其中的一个原因

可能是经济方面的。在一个没有保障的世界里，现在的许多孩子依赖父母资助的时间比以

前的孩子更长。21世纪的学生大学毕业后根本无法自立门户，因为那太昂贵了。另一个可

能的原因是通讯革命。儿子或女儿每学期往家里打一两回电话的日子一去不复返了。如

今，大学生通过手机与父母保持着脐带式联系。至于寻找痴迷无名文学或音乐的同道好友嘛，没问题，我们有互联网和聊天室来帮助我们做到这一点。

8 "Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive,

“在那黎明时分活着是至福，

9 But to be young was very heaven!"

但年轻就等于身在天堂！”

10 Wordsworth may have written these lines about the French Revolution, but they were also true for the students of the 1960s. So why aren't they true for the students of today?

华兹华斯的诗句说的可能是法国大革命，但是对于20 世纪60 年代的大学生而言，这样的

诗句同样真实生动。可是为什么对于如今的大学生来说，它们怎么就不真实了呢？

UNIT3

Stolen identity

窃取的身份

1 "Frank never went to pilot school, medical school, law school, ... because he's still in high school."

“弗兰克从未上过飞行学校、医学院、法学院……因为他还在上高中。”

2 That was the strapline of the 2002 film Catch Me If You Can, which tells the story of Frank Abagnale, Jr. (Leonardo DiCaprio), a brilliant young master of deception who at different times impersonated a doctor, a lawyer, and an airplane pilot, forging checks worth more than six million dollars in 26 countries. He became the youngest man to ever make the FBI's most-wanted list for forgery. Hunted and caught in the film by fictional FBI agent Carl Hanratty (Tom Hanks), Abagnale later escaped. He eventually became a consultant for the FBI where he focused on white-collar crime.

这是2002 年的电影《有种来抓我》的剧情简介。影片讲述了弗兰克·小阿巴格纳尔（列奥纳多·迪卡普里欧饰演）的故事，影片主人公是一位聪明绝顶的年轻骗术大师，曾在不同

时间扮演医生、律师和飞行员的角色，在26 个国家伪造了价值六百万美元以上的支票。他成了联邦调查局伪造罪头号通缉令名单上最年轻的人。在影片中，阿巴格纳尔被虚构的联

邦调查局特工卡尔·汉拉提（汤姆·汉克斯饰演）追捕，但后来逃脱了。他最终成了联邦

调查局专攻白领犯罪的顾问专家。

3 It's a great film, but could it happen in real life? In fact, Catch Me If You Can is based on the true story of Frank Abagnale, whose career as a fraudster lasted about six years before he was caught, who escaped from custody three times (once through an airplane toilet), and who spent a total of six years in prison in France, Sweden and the US. He now runs a consultancy advising the world of business how to avoid fraud. He has raised enough money to pay back all his victims, and is now a multi-millionaire.

那是一部很棒的电影，但那种事情会在现实生活中发生吗？其实，《有种来抓我》是根据

弗兰克·阿巴格纳尔的真实故事改编的，他的行骗生涯持续了六年；被抓住后，曾三次逃

脱监管（有一次是从飞机上的厕所逃走的）；在法国、瑞典和美国的监狱中总共度过了六

年时光。他现在开办了一家咨询事务所，为企业界提供防造假咨询。他挣到了足够的钱，赔付了所有的受害者，如今是一位数百万富翁。

4 Since 2003, identity theft has become increasingly common. Few people could imagine how important things like taking mail to the post office and not leaving it in the mailbox for pickup, shredding documents instead of throwing them out with the trash, even using a pen costing a couple of bucks, have become to avoid life-changing crimes.

2003 年以来，身份盗窃案变得越来越常见。很少有人会想象到，为了防止改变人生的犯罪，像把邮件拿到邮局去寄而不是丢在信箱里等人来取、把文件切碎而不是直接把它们连同垃圾一道扔出去，甚至使用价值一两块美元的笔之类的事情已经变得多么重要。

5 More and more people are becoming anonymous victims of identity theft. We spend many hours and dollars trying to recover our name, our credit, our money and our lives. We need to look for different ways to protect ourselves. We can improve our chances of avoiding this crime, but it will never go away.

越来越多的人正在变成身份盗窃案的无名受害者。我们花费许多时间和金钱，去努力挽回我们的名字、我们的信用、我们的钱和我们的生活。我们需要想方设法来保护自己。我们可以增加防止此类犯罪的机会，但是它永远不会消失。

6 It's not just a list of do's and don'ts, we need to change our mindset. Although online banking is now commonplace, there's a significant group of people in the country—the baby boomers, 15 per cent of the population—who still prefer to use paper. What's more, 30 per cent of cases of fraud occur within this group. A check has all the information about you that an identity thief needs. If you use a ballpoint pen, the ink can be removed with the help of a regular household chemical and the sum of money can be changed. More than 1.2 million bad checks are issued every day, more than 13 per second.

这不仅仅是要求我们列一份“该做”和“不该做”的事情的单子，我们需要改变我们的心态。虽然网上银行现在很常见，但国内有一大群人——生育高峰时期出生的一代人，占人口的15％——还是更喜欢用纸。而且，30％的诈骗案都发生在这群人当中。支票上有身份盗贼所需的你的所有信息。如果你用圆珠笔，笔迹可以用一般的家用化学药品除去，钱数可以改变。每天发出的有问题的支票高达一千两百万以上，平均每秒13 张以上。

7 Check fraud is big business ... and growing by 25 per cent every year. Criminals count on our mistakes to make their jobs easier. So how can we prevent identity theft before it happens to us?

支票造假是个大产业……每年以25％的速率增长。犯罪分子指望我们犯错误，好让他们更容易得手。那么我们怎样才能在身份盗窃发生之前就防范它呢？

8 Take a few precautions. Don't leave your mail in your mailbox overnight or over the weekend. Thieves wait for the red flag to go up, so they can look through your outgoing mail for useful personal information or checks. Use a gel pen for checks and important forms, the ink is trapped in the fibre of the paper, and it can't be removed with chemicals. Also, shred or tear up all documents which contain personal information before you put them in the trash.

采取一些预防措施。不要把你的邮件留在邮箱里过夜或过周末。小偷就等着危险信号的出现，以便通过你向外投寄的邮件找寻有用的个人信息或支票。用签字笔填写支票和重要表格，签字笔的墨水会渗进纸张的纤维中，无法用化学药品除去。还有，切碎或撕碎含有个

人信息的所有文件，然后再把它们丢进垃圾桶。

9 Remember that there are plenty of online opportunities for thieves to create a false identity based on your own. We're all aware of the risks to personal information on computer databases by hacking and Trojan horses. But choosing someone and doing a Google search can also yield large amounts of personal information, and so can online social networking sites such as MySpace, Facebook and Bebo. And just as we take our pocketbook with us when we leave the office to go to the bathroom, it's also worth logging off your computer to avoid opportunistic theft.

记住，网络上有大量机会可以被小偷利用来根据你自己的身份伪造假身份。我们都知道黑

客行为和木马软件对电脑数据库中个人信息的威胁。但是在谷歌上搜索某人也会透露大量

个人信息，在线社交网站如“我的空间”、“相册”和“毕波”也一样。正如我们离开办

公室去厕所时要随身带上钱包一样，注销你的电脑以防临时起意的盗窃也是值得的。

10 Finally, if you get robbed in a more traditional way—in the street—canceling your credit cards is obviously the first thing to do. But don't forget that even after they're reported lost, they can be used as identification to acquire store cards ... and you get the criminal record.

最后一点，假如你遭遇较传统方式的抢劫——在大街上——挂失你的信用卡显然是要做的

第一件事。但是别忘了，即使挂了失，信用卡也可以用作身份证来获得购物卡……那你就

有了犯罪记录。

11 Identity fraud can go on for years without the victim's knowledge. There is no escaping the fact that right now fraudsters are finding identity crime all too easy. If you haven't had your identity stolen, it's only because they haven't got to you yet. Your turn will come.

身份伪造可以肆行多年而不为受害者所知。一个无法回避的事实是：现在的诈骗者觉得身

份犯罪简直是太容易了。如果你的身份尚未失窃，那只是因为他们还没有对你动手。就会

轮到你的。

UNIT4

Making the headlines

上头条

1 It isn't very often that the media lead with the same story everywhere in the world. Such an event would have to be of enormous international significance. But this is exactly what occurred in September 2001 with the terrorist attack on the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York. It is probably not exaggerated to say that from that moment the world was a different place.

世界各地的媒体都以头条报道同一新闻的情形并不很常见。这样的事件得具有巨大的国际

影响力。但是这正是2001 年9 月恐怖分子袭击纽约世贸中心双塔之后发生的情形。从那一刻起世界改变了模样，这样说也许并不夸张。

2 But it is not just the historical and international dimension that made 9/11 memorable and (to use a word the media like) newsworthy. It was the shock and horror, too. So striking, so sensational, was the news that, years after the event, many people can still remember exactly where they were and what they were doing when they first heard it. They can remember their own reactions: For many people across the globe their first instinct was to go and tell someone else about it, thus providing confirmation of the old saying that bad news travels fast.

但是，使9/11 值得纪念并（用媒体喜欢的话来说）具有新闻价值的不仅仅是它的历史性和国际性。还有震惊和恐惧。这一消息极度震撼，极具爆炸性。事发多年以后，许多人还能

清楚地记得他们第一次听到这一消息时身在何处和当时正在做什么。他们能记得自己的反应：对全世界许多人来说，他们的第一本能是去把这一消息告诉别的人。这就证实了那句

老话：“坏事传千里”。

3 And so it is with all major news stories. I remember when I was at primary school the teacher announcing pale-faced to a startled class of seven year olds President Kennedy is dead. I didn't know who President Kennedy was, but I was so upset at hearing the news that I went rushing home afterwards to tell my parents (who already knew, of course). In fact, this is one of my earliest memories.

一切重大新闻都是如此。我记得上小学的时候，老师脸色煞白地向一班吃惊的七岁孩子通

报说，肯尼迪总统死了。我并不知道肯尼迪总统是谁，但是我听到这一消息后非常不安，

后来就跑回家去告诉了父母（当然，他们已经知道了）。事实上，这是我最早的记忆之

一。

4 So what exactly is news? The objective importance of an event is obviously not enough —there are plenty of enormous global issues out there, with dramatic consequences, from poverty to global warming—but since they are ongoing, they don't all make the just international, but odd, unexpected, and (in the sense that it was possible to identify with the plight of people caught up in the drama) very human.

那么，新闻到底是什么？一个事件光有客观重要性显然还不够——世界上有大量全球性的

大问题，都会造成戏剧性的后果，从贫困问题到全球变暖问题——但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都集中在同一天上头条。对比之下，9/11 不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的困境感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具

人性。

5 Odd doesn't mean huge. Take the story in today's China Daily about a mouse holding up a flight from Vietnam to Japan. The mouse was spotted running down the aisle of a plane in Hanoi airport. It was eventually caught by a group of 12 technicians worried that the mouse could chew through wires and cause a short circuit. By the time it took off the plane was more than four hours late.

奇特怪异并不意味着重大。就拿今天的《中国日报》上关于一只老鼠延误了一架从越南飞

至日本的航班这条消息为例吧。在河内机场有人发现那只老鼠在一架飞机的过道里奔跑。

它最终被12 名技术人员合力逮住，他们怕它会咬破电线，造成短路。飞机晚点了四个多小时才起飞。

6 Not an event with momentous international consequences, you might say, (apart from a few passengers arriving late for their appointments in another country), but there are echoes of the story across the globe, in online editions of papers from Asia to America, via Scotland (Mouse chase holds up flight, in the Edinburgh Evening News).

你也许会说，这并不是具有重大国际影响的事件（除了少数乘客到另一国赴约迟到以

外）。但是全球却颇有反响，从亚洲经苏格兰到美洲的电子版报纸都有转载（《爱丁堡晚报》的标题是“捉老鼠延误航班”）。

7 Another element of newsworthiness is immediacy. This refers to the nearness of the event in time. An event which happened a week ago is not generally news—unless you've just read about it. "When" is one of the five "wh" questions trainee journalists are regularly told that they have to use to frame a news story (the others are "who", "what", "where" and "why"); "today", "this morning", and "yesterday" are probably at the top of the list of time adverbs in a news report. Similarly, an event which is about to happen ("today", "this evening" or "tonight") may also be newsworthy, although, by definition, it is not unexpected and so less sensational.

另一个新闻价值的元素是即时性。这是指事件发生的时间近。一周前发生的事件一般来说

就不是新闻了——除非你刚刚读到它。“何时”是受训记者常被教导用以勾勒新闻故事的

五个“Wh（何）”问题之一（其余是何人、何事、何地和何故）；今天、今晨、昨天很可

能在新闻报道所使用的时间副词中名列前茅。同样，即将发生的事件（今天、今晚或今夜）也可能具有新闻价值，虽然，从定义上讲，它不出人意外，也就不那么耸人听闻了。

8 When it comes to immediacy, those media which can present news in real time, such as TV, radio, and the Internet, have an enormous advantage over the press. To see an event unfolding in front of your eyes is rather different from reading about it at breakfast the next morning. But TV news is not necessarily more objective or reliable than a newspaper report, since the images you are looking at on your screen have been chosen by journalists or editors with specific objectives, or at least following set guidelines, and they are shown from a unique viewpoint. By placing the camera somewhere else you would get a different picture. This is why it is usual to talk of the "power of the media"—the power to influence the public, more or less covertly.

说到即时性，能够实时播报新闻的媒体，如电视、广播和互联网，就比报纸的优势大多了。眼看着事件在你眼前展开与次晨早餐时在报上读到它的感觉大不相同。但是，电视新闻未必比报纸报道更客观或更可靠，因为你在屏幕上看到的图像是经记者或编辑根据特殊的目的，或至少是按照预定指示筛选过的；它们是从一个独特的视点展现给观众的。如果把相机移到别的地方，你就会看到另一番景象。这就是为什么人们通常会谈到“媒体霸权”——或多或少隐蔽地影响公众的权力。

9 But perhaps in the third millennium this power is being eroded, or at least devolved to ordinary people. The proliferation of personal blogs, the possibility of self-broadcasting through sites such as YouTube, and the growth of open-access web pages (wikis) means that anyone with anything to say—or show—can now reach a worldwide audience instantly.

但也许到了30 世纪，这种权力将有所减弱，或至少下放给普通民众。个人博客的大量出现，通过像“任你漂流”这样的网站自我广播的可能性，以及权限开放网页（wiki 网）的增长都意味着任何人有任何话要说——或有任何东西要展示——现在都能立刻让全世界的观众看到。

10 This doesn't mean that the press and TV are going to disappear overnight, of course. But in their never-ending search for interesting news items—odd, unexpected, and human—they are going to turn increasingly to these sites for their sources, providing the global information network with a curiously local dimension.

当然，这并不意味着报纸和电视即将在一夜之间消失。但是，在永不休止的搜寻有趣新闻——奇特怪异、出人意外和极具人性的新闻——的过程中，它们将越来越多地转向网站收集资料，为全球信息网提供令人称奇的具有地方色彩的消息。

UNIT8

Leisure inactivities-or ho to relax and do nothing

闲暇无为——或如何歇着无所事事

1 Centuries ago people didn’t have much free time, because everyone was working too hard. In Britain in the 19th century, people had more time off, but the Victorians thought relaxing and doing nothing was a sin. So to avoid temptation, they invented football, rugby and cricket. People took up more gentle leisure activities like bird-watching, gardening and trainspotting, and it was even possible simply to watch a sport and give the impression that you were actually doing something useful.

数百年前，人们没有多少空闲时间，因为人人都在辛苦劳作。在19世纪的英国，人

们有了较多闲暇，可是维多利亚时代的人认为歇着无所事事是一种罪过。于是为了避免诱惑，他们发明了足球、橄榄球和板球。人们开始从事更温和的休闲活动，如观鸟、园艺、收集火车头号码。他们甚至可能只是观看一项运动，给人一种有事可做的

印象。

2 One instance of this is cricket, which is a peculiar game with weird rules, where nothing happens for five days, at the end of which the players often decide to call it a draw. And everyone, players and spectator s, feel perfectly fulfilled by this non-event. It’s a good example of what we can now call a leisure inactivity.

其中一个例子是板球。这是一种规则怪异的奇特游戏，如果五天之内毫无进展，玩家

往往就会决定双方战平。而无论是玩家还是观众，人人都对这毫无结果的比赛感到心满意足。这是个我们现在可以称之为闲暇无为的好例子。

3 Gradually over the years, leisure inactivities have involved even less interaction. In the 1990s a new leisure creature evolved, one who thinks that lying on the sofa watching sport or DVD s on the television is the most exciting inactivity they can manage. This is the couch potato.

渐渐地，近年来闲暇无为中的互动变得甚至更少了。在20世纪90年代，一个新的休闲物种进化成功，它认为躺在沙发上看电视体育节目或数码影碟是它们能做到的最令

人兴奋的无为了。这就是沙发土豆。

4 So who wants to be a couch potato? Well, as a matter of fact, many people do, and for understandable reasons. Maybe it’s your one day off in the week. Maybe you

just got back from work or school. Maybe you’re tried and just want to chill. For the couch potato, every activity is too much trouble, and laziness is an art form.

那么，谁想当沙发土豆呢？嗨，事实上，许多人想，理由也是可以理解的。也许今天你休息，也许你刚下班或放学。也许你累了，只想放松。对沙发土豆来说，任何活

动都太麻烦，懒散是一门艺术。

5 How do you become a couch potato? It’s easy. Sit down in a comfortable place, such as a reclining chair, a beanbag or … you knew it was coming … a couch. Don’t sit on a potato. Make sure you have everything you need, snacks (especially potato chips – no serious couch potato would eat anything else), drinks, magazines and a telly.

怎样才能变成沙发土豆呢？那很容易。在一个舒适的地方坐下，例如一张躺椅、一个豆袋或……你知道接下来就是……一张沙发。可别坐在土豆上。确保你拥有所需的

一切：零食（尤其是土豆片——严肃的沙发土豆不会吃别的）、饮料、杂志和电视。

6 The most important piece of equipment is of course, the channel hopper. Without the freedom to change channel, without moving from the couch, no couch potato would be worthy of the name. In fact, watching TV without a channel hopper becomes dangerously like physical exercise, and probably should be avoided.

最重要的装备当然是遥控器了。没有无需离开沙发就能换频道的自由，沙发土豆就配不上这个称号。事实上，没有遥控器看电视有变成近似体育锻炼的危险，或许是应当避免的。

7 Now just start watching the telly. Change channels every ten seconds, and then move on. Don’t be too keen, try not to get too interested in anything, because that risks your status as a couch potato. (Remember that you have the attention span of a Maris Piper.) Finally, ask other people to do things for you, like get more food, or rent a movie. But be nice to them! If you aren’t nice, you’ll probably have to do it yourself.

现在，就开始看电视吧。每隔十秒钟换一次频道，然后继续换。别太热心，尽量不

要对任何节目太感兴趣，因为这会威胁到你的沙发土豆身份。（记住，你的注意力持续时间只有马利斯派铂马铃薯那么长。）最后，请别人帮你做事，如拿更多食物，或租影碟。但是对他们态度要好！如果你态度不好，你就很可能得亲自动手了。

8 But with every new fashion, there’s a reaction. British farmers were recently reported by the BBC to be angry at the use of the expression couch potato, because it was damaging the vegetable’s image. Potatoes are inherently healthy, says the British Potato Council, and is organizing protests to demand the removal of couch potato from the Oxford English Dictionary.

但是，对于每种新时尚，都会有反对者。英国广播公司最近报道，英国农民对“沙发土豆”这一叫法感到愤怒，因为它败坏了土豆的形象。英国土豆协会称，土豆是天然有益于健康的，它们将要组织抗议活动，要求把“沙发土豆”一词从《牛津英语词

典》中删除。

9 So there you are! Couch potatoes are healthy.

你瞧我没说错吧！沙发土豆是健康的。

10 Of course, for the true couch potato, there are inherent risks. Perhaps the greatest of these results from the lack of exercise, and is referred to by professional couch potato es as telly belly. Some, however, see their telly belly as a mark of their dedication to their leisure inactivity, and wear it proudly over the top of their trousers. (Interestingly, this is a highly fashionable style known as a muffin top. Find out why next time you’re in Starbucks.)

当然，对于真正的沙发土豆来说，固有的危险还是有的。也许最大的危险来自缺乏锻炼，其后果被专业沙发土豆称为电视肚。然而，有些人则视自己的电视肚为专注闲暇无为的标志，骄傲地把它系在裤腰之上。（有趣的是，这是一种极为时尚的穿法，叫做松糕顶。下次泡星巴克的时候去弄明白为什么吧。）

11 But times move on, and in the 21st century we now have a version of the couch potato specially for the online activities on the computer. This is called the mouse potato. A mouse potato spends excessive amounts of time in front of a computer monitor, with the same lack of interest in the outside world as their older cousin, the couch potato. Mouse potatoes are addicted to online gaming with other fellow tuber s around the world. In fact, leaving the computer not only seems pointless but also risks a threat by some rival mouse potato in a brighter time zone across the world. For time off, they usually perform extensive Internet searches or participate in online chat rooms, leaving ill-informed and badly spelt opinions around the virtual world, and generally insult ing one’s intelligence.

可是时间在推移，到了21世纪，我们现在又有了沙发土豆的翻版，特指电脑在线活动。这叫做鼠标土豆。鼠标土豆在电脑显示器前面花费太多的时间，和他们的表兄

沙发土豆一样缺乏对外界的兴趣。鼠标土豆痴迷于与世界各地的块茎同伴玩在线游戏。事实上，离开电脑不仅毫无意义，而且会使你受到世界上较亮时区的鼠标土豆对手的威胁。休息期间，他们通常广泛搜索互联网或加入在线聊天室，在虚拟世界到处留下缺乏见识和拼写拙劣的意见，一般来说是对人家智力的污辱。

12 For the more adventurous mouse potatoes, you can even travel the world and visit countries you might otherwise never see by going to https://www.360docs.net/doc/bc5593884.html,. You can also find out how much time you spend on your computer by logging the distance

your mouse travels. These are called mouse miles, and who knows, maybe one day you can exchange them for more potato chips at all good computer stores.

对于更具冒险精神的鼠标土豆来说，你甚至可以登陆沙发土豆旅游网站，去周游世

界，造访列国，如果没有该网站你可能永远也去不了这些地方。通过记录你的鼠标旅行的距离，你还可以算出你在电脑上花了多少时间。这叫做鼠标英里数，所有好的电脑商店里你可以拿它换更多的土豆片。

13 So with a minimum of effort you too can have your own leisure inactivity. Become a couch potato! Earn that telly belly! Train hard as a mouse potato, and earn mouse miles. Get started today. There’s so much time, and so little to do.

就这样，费最小的劲，你也可以拥有自己的闲暇无为。变成一个沙发土豆吧！养一个那样的电视肚吧！作为鼠标土豆刻苦训练，挣鼠标英里数吧。今天就开始吧。时间

那么多，而要做的事情却那么少。

UNIT9

Are you the right person for the job?

你适合做这个工作吗？

1 In the old days it was easy. They were going to be the best three years of your life, and you knew it. You spent your time chatting late into the night with newfound friends in coffee bars and pubs, playing your heart out in the squash courts and on the cricket field, or strutting across the stage as a leading light of the university dramatic society. Whatever your interest, university life catered for it. And, let's not forget, you would usually manage to keep up with the work too, by doing the required reading and dashing off the week's essay at the last minute. The only thing you didn't find time for was thinking about what came afterwards, at the end of those three exciting years. But you didn't need to, because whatever your chosen career, the companies were all lining up to offer you a job.

过去，大学生活很轻松。那将是你一生中最美好的三年，你知道这一点。你是这样

消磨时光的：在咖啡馆和酒吧里与新结交的朋友聊到深夜，在壁球场和板球场上尽情

地挥舞球拍，或是作为大学戏剧社的大腕在舞台上昂首阔步。不管你有什么爱好，大学生活都能为你创造条件。而且，别忘了，你的学习还总能跟得上，能完成指定的阅读，并在最后一分钟匆忙草就那一周的文章。你唯一没有时间考虑的是过完这激动人

心的三年后要做什么。不过这个问题并不需要考虑，因为无论选择什么职业，都有一大堆公司排着队来聘用你。

2 That was what it was like in the old days as a student in the UK. But things have changed. A recent study of Britain's major multinational companies reveals that even with a good degree graduates can no longer walk into the top jobs. Today there are twice as many universities as there were just 30 years ago, and 40 per cent of young people now go on to higher education. So with no shortage of graduates, a good degree has become vital in the search for a job. Competition is tough, and today's students are spending more time than ever preparing for those dreaded final exams, or doing low-paid part-time jobs to pay off debts.

那是过去英国大学生校园生活的情形，现在情况已经改变了。最近一项对英国各大跨国公司的研究表明，即使拥有一个优良的学位，大学生再也不可能一毕业就得到最好

的工作了。今天的大学数量比30年前翻了一番，40%的年轻人接受高等教育。由于并不缺少大学毕业生，拥有一个优良的学位对找工作就变得尤其重要了。竞争很激烈，结果是如今的大学生花了比任何时候都要多的时间来复习功课，为那些可怕的期

末考试做准备，做报酬低的兼职以偿还债务。

3 But that's just the problem. In the opinion of managers from more than 200 British companies, students are spending too much time studying, or worrying about making ends meet, instead of joining clubs and acquiring basic skills such as teamwork and making presentations. The managers also said that they were prepared to leave jobs unfilled rather than appoint graduates who didn't have the necessary skills to get ahead in the global market.

然而，这恰恰是问题之所在。英国二百多家公司的经理认为，学生花在学习或挣钱维持生计上的时间太多了。他们本应该去参加各种俱乐部，学习一些基本的技能，如团

队合作和现场演示。这些经理还说，他们宁可让职位空缺，也不愿意聘请那些缺乏必要技能，无法在国际市场上占领商机的毕业生。

4 But what can be done about the problem? The solution, the managers believe, is to include social skills in degree courses; and some universities are taking the advice. At the University of Southampton, for example, history students have to do a 12-week project—frequently related to the local context—working in teams of six. This includes making a presentation, writing a group thesis, and carrying out a public service, which might involve teaching schoolchildren or making a radio programme about the topic.

该怎么做才能解决这个问题呢？经理们相信，解决的办法就是在学位课程里增加社交

能力的训练。有的大学已经开始这样做了，例如南安普敦大学历史系学生必须做一个为期十二周、六人一组协同工作的项目——通常与当地的生活有关。项目内容包括：做一次演示、写一篇集体论文、做一项公众服务——可以是给中、小学生讲课，或做

一期有关中、小学教学的广播节目。

5 There can be no doubt that this sort of cooperative approach can help many students develop personal skills which will help improve their prospects in their search for a job. One of the most well-known personality tests used by employers when interviewing candidates, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), puts the extrovert / introvert dichotomy at the top of the list of personality traits it tries to analyze. There are no "right answers" in such tests, but extroverts, it is assumed, are going to be more suited to jobs in which they have to work in teams or deal with other people.

毫无疑问，这种合作学习法能帮助许多学生培养有助于改善就业前景的个人技能。公司在面试应聘者时使用的最有名的人格测试之一是“迈尔斯—布里格斯性格分类法”（简称MBTI），这种分类法把外向/内向性格两分法置于它所分析的人格特征列表之首。测试中没有“正确答案”，但是它认为：性格外向者更适合做团队工作或与他人打交道的工作。

6 Equally interesting in the Southampton project is the conviction that students should be aware of the wider community, and find ways to make contributions to it. In today's shrinking world, students are increasingly aware that a university is not an ivory tower of learning, cut off from the real problems of the world, but on the contrary, can itself be an agent for change for a better world. There are numerous ways in which students can be volunteers—before, during, or after their degree courses. With courses making heavy demands on students' time, as we have seen, a popular option is to take a gap year before or after university.

南安普敦大学项目中同样有趣的一个理念是：学生应该关注比校园更广阔的社区，并

设法为之做出自己的贡献。在当今越来越小的世界里，学生们越来越清楚地意识到大学并不是与社会现实问题完全脱钩的学术象牙塔。正相反，大学本身可以促使世界变

得更加美好。在学学位课程之前、期间、之后，学生们都可以通过多种渠道成为志愿者。正如我们所知，大学课程需要学生花费大量的时间，一般人会选择腾出上大学前或大学毕业后的一年时间作为实践年。

7 Typically, volunteering might mean helping the sick or elderly, entertaining underprivileged children on holiday camps, teaching in a Third World country or perhaps working on agricultural or environmental projects.

通常，志愿者工作指帮助病人或老年人、在假日营里招待贫困儿童、在第三世界国家

教书，或者做农业或环境研究项目。

8 For students who choose to offer their talents in this way, one side effect is to gain

a wealth of experience to be added to the CV, which will not go unnoticed by future employers. But a word of warning is in order: You should remember what your priorities are. As Shane Irwin, who worked for two years in Papua New Guinea, puts it: "Volunteering teaches you valuable career skills, but I don't think you should be looking

to bolster your CV through volunteering — the main reason you should get involved is because you want to help."

对那些选择在这些方面施展才能的学生而言，还有个意外的收获：可以把他们获取的

丰富经验写进个人履历里，而未来的雇主是不会不注意到这些经验的。不过提醒一句：你应该记住自己的首要目的是什么。曾经在巴布亚新几内亚工作了两年的谢恩?

欧文指出：“志愿者的工作能教给你宝贵的职业技能，但我认为你不应该只想着通过

志愿者工作来给自己的履历表增添光彩——你做志愿工作的主要原因是因为你想帮助

别人。”

二、课后题（汉译英）：

P11 5 Translate the sentences into English.

1 政府采取的一系列措施不但没有化解矛盾，反倒激起更多的暴力冲突。反对党联合工会

发动了一次大罢工，最终导致政府的垮台。(give rise to; form an alliance with; launch; bring about)

Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the

government gave rise to more violent clashes. The Opposition formed an

alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which

ultimately brought about the downfall of the government.

2 如今，大学与现实世界的距离越来越小，学生也变得越来越实际。从前，大学是一个象

牙塔，学者追求的是学问本身而不是把学问作为达到目的的手段，但这样的时代已经一去

不复返了。

(shrink; gone are the days; a means to an end)

Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking

and the students are becoming more and more practical. Gone are the days

when the university was an ivory tower in which scholars pursued

knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end.

3 我从未指望靠上课来学好这门课。但我确实去听课，因为在课上我能了解这门课的重

点，学会如何组织材料、如何推理。(hope; by doing …; the place where)

I never hoped to learn the subject well by attending those lectures. But I

did go to lectures, for it was the place where I could get the important points of the course and learn how to organize materials and how to reason.

4 我一直想方设法解决这个难题，但就是找不到满意的答案。可是当我去厨房喝饮料的时候，我突然间灵机一动，意识到解决问题的方法实际上可能很简单。(work out; click)

Although I have been trying every means to solve the problem, I cannot work out a satisfactory solution. But when I went to the kitchen to get a drink, something clicked and made me realize that the solution might be quite simple.

P39 6 Translate the sentences into English.

1 这些文件很重要，内容要绝对保密。如果要处理掉的话，应先把它们切碎，而不是直接 当垃圾扔掉。请您在这张表格上签收一下。(shred; sign)

These are important documents, the content of which should be kept strictly confidential. If you need to dispose them, you must shred them instead of throwing them out with the trash. Would you please sign for them in this form?

2 现在，像伪造支票、身份证和信用卡这类的白领犯罪已变得相当普遍。尽管我们学会了

许多防止被骗的招数，可是看起来我们随时都可能被骗。(forge; prevent…from) Nowadays, white-collar crimes such as forging checks, ID cards and credit cards have become very common. Though we have learnt much about how to prevent ourselves from being cheated, it seems that we could be its victims at any time.

3 如果他们能以更低的价钱把这台机器卖给我们当然好，其实按现在这个价格也可以了，

这价格已经很公道了。问题不在于价格，我关心的是我们把这个机器买回去干什么。(not

even bad; problem with; do with …)

It is certainly good if they can sell us the machine at a lower price, but it is not even bad if they sell it at the present price, which is already quite reasonable. Now the problem is not with the price, what I care now is what we can do with it.

4 为什么说一个图书馆拥有大量可供随时阅览的新书及电子图书资源很重要呢？因为那样

的话，学者们就可以了解自己学科领域里的最新进展，知道自己的研究是否有价值。(matter; so)

Why does it matter that a library has many new books and electronic resources readily available to the readers? This is because if so, the scholars know the latest development in their own fields and know whether their research is valuable.

P53 6 Translate the sentences into English.

1 这个消息来得如此突然、如此令人震惊，我在沙发上呆呆地坐了几分钟。我的第一本能就是赶紧打电话把这件事告诉领导，看看我们能为那些在这起交通事故中死伤的同事做些什么。(so… that;first instinct)

So sudden, so striking was the news that I sat motionless on sofa for a few minutes. My first instinct was to call our leaders to tell them what had happened and see what we can do for those colleagues who died or got injured in this traffic accident.

2 纸版的儿童书与电子书相比有很大的优势。对孩子们来说，一本印刷精美的纸版书不仅是一本书也是一个玩具。读纸版书的感觉与在屏幕上读书的感觉是很不同的。(advantage over; be

different from)

Paper books for children have an enormous advantage over e-books. For

children, a beautifully printed paper book is not only a book but also a toy they can play with. Reading a paper book is rather different from reading

a book on the screen.

3 近年来在西方国家，传统媒体呈现出衰退的趋势，新媒体迅速发展。然而新媒体的收入又不足以弥补传统媒体丢失的市场份额。（tendency; decline,）

In recent years, traditional media in the western countries are in the tendency of decline and new media are developing rapidly. But the income of the new media cannot make up the loss of the traditional media in market share.

4 随着金融危机的爆发，许多企业陷入了困境。对于那些因缺乏流动资金无法进行再生产又不想让恶性循环继续下去的企业，他们唯一能做的事情就是向政府求助。(circulate; turn to)

With the explosion of the financial crisis, many enterprises find themselves in difficulties. For those who have no circulating fund to invest on new production and would not let the vicious circle continue, the only thing they can do is to turn to government for help.

P109 5 Translate the sentences into English.

1 整天把自己埋在书本里是没有用的。要培养一些业余爱好，每隔一段时间参加一些

体育锻炼或课外活动。劳逸结合才是健康的学习习惯。(it’s no use doing sth;

take up; at intervals; extracurricular activities)

It’s no use burying yourselves in books all day. You’d better take up some hobbies and take part in sports or extracurricular activities at intervals. A healthy study habit is to keep a balance between work and rest.

2 工作选对了，不但是可以维持生计的手段，还来可以帮你摆脱无聊，是你不用担心