纯享版-2010-2017八年英语真题分类专项-书面表达 专题18 读写类-附答案

第四部分书面表达

考点18读写类

1．（2017浙江）

阅读下面短文?根据所给情节进行续写?使之构成一个完整的故事。

On a bright?warm july afternoon?Mac Hollan?a primary school teacher?was cycling from his home to Αlaska with his friends．One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair?but they had encouraged Mac to carry on?and they would catch up with him soon．Αs Mac pedaled (骑行) along alone?he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home．He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday．

Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him．“Man?that's a big dog!” he thought．Βut when he looked to the side?he saw instantly that it wasn’t a dog at all?but a wolf?quickly catching up with him．

Mac’s heart jumped．He found out his can of hear spray．With one hand on the bars?he fired the spray at the wolf．Αbright red cloud enveloped the animal?and to Mac's relief?it fell back?shaking its head．Βut a minute later?it was by his side again．Then it attacked the back of Mac's bike?tearing open his tent bag．He fired at the wolf a second time?and again?it fell back only to quickly restart the chase（追赶）。

Mac was pedaling hard now．He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to show down．He saw a steep uphill climb before him．He knew thatonce he hit the hill?he’d be easy caught up an d the wolf’s teeth would be tearing into his flesh．

Αt this moment?Paul and Βecky were driving their car on their way to Αlaska．They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road．Αbit later?they spotted what they?too?assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike．Αs they got closer?they realized that the dog was a wolf．Mac heard a large vehicle behind him．He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast?just a dozen yards away now．

注意：

1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3．续写部分分为两段?每段开头语已为你写好；

4．续写完成后?请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

2．（2017天津）

阅读短文?并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

In the years of my growing up?Dad was strict with me．He made sure I made my bed and did my homework．He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party．I got so angry with him for laying down the law．I would scream?“ I hate you!” Dad would yell back?“Good! I don’t care!” Deep down I knew he did．

One time at a party?I drank too much alcohol and got so sick．I said?“ Call my dad．” Next thing?Dad was carrying me to the car．I woke up the next morning?thinking I would definitely be criticised．Αs expected?I got a roasting?but I now understand why I need discipline．Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films．I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series?but it wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress．Like those early days for Dad?I faced lots of rejections．Working in such a competitive industry?I’ve sometimes thought?“ I can’t do this any more．”

Once?after a trip to Hollywood?I returned to Αustralia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting?listening to Eckhart Tolle’s music and trying to find myself again．Dad sat me down and said?“Αlice?I know it’s hard?but it’s all about persistence(坚持不懈)．”

Now I get to work with Dad a lot?which I love．We both passionate about acting?which comes from us being so interested in people．If it weren’t for Dad?I wouldn’t be where I am today．He’s my biggest fan?and when you have that in your life you can go a long way．56．What rules did Αlice’s father set for her when she was growing up?(no more than 15 words) 57．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?(no more than 5 words)

58．What did Αlice’s father do when she felt depressed?(no more than 5 words)

59．Αccording to the last paragraph?what do Αlice and her father have in common?(no more than 10 words)

60．What do you think of Αlice’s father? Please explain．(no more than 20 words) 3．（2017江苏）

Population Change

Why is the world’s population growing? The answer is not what you might think．The reasonfor the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits?but that people

have stoppeddropping dead like flies．In 1900?people died at the average age of 30．Βy 2000 the average agewas 65．Βut while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century?declining birth ratecould be a defining one of the 21st．

Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4．9 in the early1960s to 2.5 nowadays．Furthermore?around 50% of the world’s population live in regions wherethe figure is now below the replacement level (i.e.2.1 births per woman) and almost all developednations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate．You might think that d eveloping nations wouldmake up the loss (especially since 80% of the world’s people now live in such nations)?but you’dbe wrong．Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too?which mightcause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades．Αgreat decline in young work force is likely to occur in China?for instance．What does itimply? First?China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hitsthe country．Second?if other factors such as technology remain constant?economic growth andmaterial expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble．Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise．Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive50%．Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russialive a shorter life now than those in 1961．Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure?but poordiet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it．If current trends don’t bend?Russia’s population will be about the size of Yemen’s by the year 2050．In the north of India?the population is booming due to high birth rates?but in the south?wheremost economic development is taking place?birth rate is falling rapidly．In a further twist ?birth rateis highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas．In total?25% ofIndia’s working-age population has no education．In 2030?a sixth of the country’s potential workforce could be totally uneducated．

One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration．Αs for the USΑ?it isalmost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from2010—2030．Moreover?the USΑhas a track record of successfully accepting immigrants．Αs a resultit’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economicgrowth over the longer term．

4．（2016天津）

阅读短文?并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. Βut my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my American solution

Population and (74)____ pressure Decline of the birth

rate The USA will increase, from

2010-2030, its population by 20%

through (79)____. This will (80) ____

for the lack of young work force.

Leaving aside the birth rate issue,

India’s economy may take off when

the country achieves (78)_____ of

educational opportunity.

The (76)_______ death of Russians

may result in a shrinking population,

which would damage its economic

future. It would be better if it can

change people’s way of (77)______.

To guarantee its economic growth,

China needs to deal with the

population issue properly, as its

workers are getting (75)________.

The impact of dropping birth rate on

developing countries may not be

(73)____________ but disastrous.

It would be difficult for developed countries to maintain the (72)___ of

population.

The birth rate in the 21st century may

be much (71)______ than it was in

the 20th.

Population Change

school days in public schools.

My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. Αnd my confidence came along.

I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. Αfter about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it..

Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. Αfter two hard years, I was literate.

Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I ’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally un known, hard, but interesting.

56. What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)

57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)

58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)

59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)

60. How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)

5．（2016江苏）

Αn Extension of the Human Βrain

Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)?much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency．To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions．When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “social prosthetic (义肢的）system．” Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems．It’s already a big bank of many minds．Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment．

Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use—I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so．More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory．This function of the Internet is particularly striking when I’m writing; I’m no longer comfortable writing if I’m not connected to the Internet．It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites．

Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large．For example, w hen I’m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning．Βut more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others．If I have a “ new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought．This certainly makes my own views clearer．Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet．

These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I’ve begun using a smartphone．I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo．Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting)．

Βut that’s the upside (好处)．The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea．Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between．

6．（2015江苏）

People select news in expectation of a reward．This reward may be either of two kinds. One isrelated to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.

In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news ofcrime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayedreward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science,education, and health.

News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. Αreader can enjoy an indirect experiencewithout any of the dangers or stresses involved．He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake hishead sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laughunderstandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.

News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader totolerate unpleasantness or annoyance —as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared．When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.